DE2341182A1 - CUTTING KNIFE SET FOR A CUTTING TOOL - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney

Dr, Ing.H. Negendank

β Munich 2. Mo * arts «ate. Telephone 5 38 0516

Paul Malinchak

5247 West 51st Street August 14th 1973

Fairview * PA 16415, USA Attorney File M-2781

Cutting knife set for a cutting tool

The invention relates to a Schneidmessersatζ for a Cutting tool with several interchangeable cutting knives that can be inserted into the cutting tool for machining of metallic workpieces.

In a cutting tool of that described in US Pat. No. 3,574,911 Type are the cutting inserts with at least three side walls provided on each of which teeth are formed which are out of phase with those of the other side walls. If therefore Any two side walls become dull or damaged, the cutting tool becomes unusable. U.S. Patent 3,636,602 shows an insert for a cutting tool with ridges that are formed by teeth. A disadvantage of such a cutting tool

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are the flat ridges that are known to cause undesirable interference lead in machining.

When milling with carbide-coated inserts, it is easy to change worn or chipped bits of the cutting tool are a very important part of the operation.

The average life of a cut edge before it wears out takes about 30 to 60 minutes. The running costs of a large milling machine are very high, and therefore the ; change or adjust carbide inserts in the cutting unit

time required directly determining the profitability of work the machine.

; According to the invention should ζ sat for a ^{Schnittwerk-]} convincing to be created, in which the inserts can, despite a simple design and economical manufacture easily and safely adjust and replace a cutting knife.

To this end, the invention creates a cutting knife set for a cutting tool, with several corresponding ones Cutting knives, each as a cutting insert with parallel, front and rear, interconnected by side walls End faces and uniformly toothed, identical cutting edges at all connection points of the end faces with the side walls are formed, which is characterized in that the cut edges with several, by angled Cutting flanks interconnected tooth tips and recesses are provided that the center line of each cutting edge at least one cutting insert opposite the central _,

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line of the adjacent tooth tip is offset by a smaller fraction of the distance between adjacent tooth tips, and that the center lines of adjacent tooth tips when arranging the center men adjacent, corresponding inserts in a common plane running perpendicular to their end faces offset from the center lines of adjacent tooth tips the adjacent inserts are arranged.

All edges of conventional "negative" milling inserts are equally trained. A three-tier insert has three cut edges on each side, i.e. a total of six cut edges Mistake. A square insert is on each side of the knife with four cut edges, so provided with a total of eight cut edges, üa all cut edges are the same, are the following aspects are important: ·.

When a cutting knife designed according to the invention is set _; it is not necessary to look for a specific cutting edge on the insert, but only a non-worn or machined cutting edge has to be selected on the insert.

An insert does not have to be put aside just because a certain cut edge is worn. It is only required-; borrowed to pick out a cutting edge that wasn't worn or chipped. Therefore, if he is trained according to the invention Cutting knife set a cutting edge of a cutting insert is used up, the insert only has to be on any unused one

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Cut edge can be adjusted until all cut edges are up one side of the insert are worn, and then the insert is turned over and gradually adjusted until all of them Cut edges on the other hand are used, whereupon the insert is completely worn out and excreted for ever ι can be.

One operator can fully incrementally adjust any cutter in each recess of the cutter finish before installing a new insert without being in a pile of partially worn inserts after a must search for a specific cutting edge. That is, an insert located in a recess of the cutting tool becomes complete exploited, or if there is only one good cut edge on it, this good cut edge can be in the recess of the cutting tool can be used. After the insert has been installed, it can either always be switched to a new one Cut edge can be set or it is eliminated permanently.

If the known cutting tools when using rectangular Cutting knives with only new cutting inserts are equipped, the operator knows that each insert has at least two good cut edges of each ordinal number. As long as the insert is new, it can be inserted into any recess of the cutting tool. After a processing time the machine of 45 minutes, for example, the inserts have to be reset. This can be done in two different ways

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be done in different ways. On the one hand, the operator can first remove all inserts from the cutting tool and then insert all cutting blades again kick off. It can happen that he has to take up and examine two or three missions each time to get one mission to find which has the required cut edge for the respective recess. The identification of the Pages of existing marks on the cutter are difficult to see, and there may be four or five Cut edges need to be examined to find a good cut edge with the correct marking. When the cutting tool for example, has twenty-four recesses and j {more edges of one marking number than another marking i

ι I

j number are broken, the operator can finally j j six or eight partially used inserts remain, which ' he can't use it this time as it doesn't need the one! have certain cutting edge. The more cut edges a ! The more difficult it is to find a specific cutting edge, and soon the operator is left with many ^ inserts left, each with some good cut edges, and every time he has a certain one Requires a large search effort.

Soon the operator sees himself before deciding whether to take the time and use these partially used ice sets is to search to ensure that all cut edges use a particular ordinal or marking number before he takes a new cutting knife, or whether he

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compartment should discard these inserts at the present time and use new inserts to make the cutter operational. Even with the greatest effort on the part of the operator however, the heap of partially used stakes is larger and ultimately unacceptably high.

Because of their inherent brittleness, machining or breaking of sintered Wolfran cemented carbide inserts leads to difficulties. If a cut edge breaks, it can also damage the cut edge on the back. If, for example, in the cutting insert described in US Pat. No. 3,574,911, a cut edge with the number 1 breaks, a wide cut edge with the number 1, namely the cut edge on the back, is also damaged. The same goes for the cut edge # 3, but if j breaks out a # 2 edge, it has that on the back

the cutting edge is marked with the number 4. It can happen that an excess of cutting blades with one or two specific cutting edges begins to build up. A

j Cutting insert with only one or two different ones

j Cut edges are not available without not also

ι the cut edges, where there is an excess, available and therefore the only way to collect these excess cut edges is in most cases

• These unused, excess cut edges are removed

;

ι throw. Hence -be the economic advantages that arise ; from the use of toothed inserts, through increased

j processing costs canceled.

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The processing costs increase because, for the reasons just mentioned, not all the cutting edges of the insert are used, before the insert is thrown away.

For reasons of economy, instead of positive stakes are negative. Inserts used. A negative bet has twice as many cutting edges as a positive stake, as the negative stake can be turned over.

If negative inserts are used, there are some after- j share, however, these disadvantages are jeopardized by the economic advantages resulting from the double number of cut edges a negative commitment are more than canceled.

When starting this invention with the filling of a cutting tool with entirely new knife sets, must not search for a specific cutting edge, but only after a certain I (front or back) side. This saves a lot of time. A certain cutting edge are set, but only 'in some not yet used the cutting edge on this; after the missions in Operation \ were and must be repositioned one some considered one use in a recess of any consideration must non-on Side located four cut edges. The insert can then be used on its rear side in another recess: Once it has been inserted into this recess, it no longer has to be completely removed from the recess, but rather only be set in it until all four again _;

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Cut edges are used, whereupon all eight cut edges are used and the insert can be discarded.

So if there are still good cut edges on one side of an insert no search time is required; if all the cut edges on one side have been used, the operator only has to search for a specific side and not for a specific cutting edge. As soon as he has a

j has found the corresponding page and enters this into the recess ^; j, all he has to do is make a new setting until

all cut edges are used. This becomes the one

making the missions significantly reduced the time required.

Also, if a # 1 cut edge breaks out, the bottom becomes a No. 2 cut edge is also damaged, and if a No. 3 cut edge breaks out, a cut edge is also damaged No. 4 damaged. Therefore, the number of cut edges No. 1 and No. 2 (first use) and the used ones should always be used Cut edges no. 3 and no. 4 (second insert) should be roughly balanced. If there is actually no balance between the The number of used first bets and the number of used second bets can be determined by the one bets buy more than from the others. This way, a warehouse becomes two different inserts instead of just one single use, but the investment costs remain the same for a certain number of cut edges.

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Further details and features of the invention emerge from the claims and the following description in conjunction with the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a cutting tool with four according to the invention trained operations;

2 shows a schematic representation of three cutting tool inserts;

3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 with two Cutting tool inserts;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of two, jointly

reversible inserts;

I Fig. 5 is a partial side view of a cutting tool for four

Calls;

Fig. 6 shows the FIGS. 3 and 4, similar schematic representation of a set of knives;

7 is a schematic representation of a three-phase set with two inserts;

8 shows a schematic representation of a four-phase set with two single etches;

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9 shows a five-phase set with three inserts; 10 shows a six-phase set with three inserts.

The cutting tool shown in Fig. 5 includes a holder 10 with cutting knife inserts 11 and 12. Except for the inserts 11 and 12, two additional inserts are symmetrically supported in a circular arrangement on the cutting tool. The tooth tips of the Stakes can be so displaced from the center line of the stakes

j:

be that when installing the inserts in the cutting tool result in different numbers of cutting phases depending on the user's preference.

The inserts are on the holder 10 in a circular arrangement attached so that they have a continuous sequence of cutting

! en

j form sera. The Figux / show the course of the attach to the holder 10 Inserts 11 at a point under consideration. According to Fig. 4

The inserts 11 are provided with a first side surface 20 and a second side surface 21, which run essentially parallel to one another, and edges 22 which are essentially perpendicular to the side surfaces 20 and 21. The edges 22 form the outer periphery of the inserts. Inserts with edges perpendicular to: their faces are usually called "negative" | Inserts. According to the figures each insert is square, but it may be formed of side surfaces and with a triangular or polyognal _he irgendbeliebigen number. The cut surfaces 17 are at the junction of the edges 22 in the middle of the side surfaces 20 and 21. At the

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Rims 22 are a plurality of symmetrical teeth 16 that are uniformly spaced apart. Each tooth 16 consists of a tooth tip 18 and a recess 19, which are separated from one another by inclined flanks 24. The tooth pitch of the insert is the distance between a considered point of one tooth and the identical point of the immediately following tooth of a considered cutting edge. If an even number of At blocks are used, the center line is the opposite of the center tooth tip closest to the center line of a cutting edge ^! offset a predetermined distance above the center line of the cutting edge of the insert. This distance results from the distance between the tooth tips divided by twice the number of tooth tips. Any insert in which the teeth are out of phase with the center line can be reversed, so that, for example, the side surface 21 of the insert faces the cutting direction instead of the side surface 20, so that the reverse phase shift results on the other side of the center line. An insert which has no phase shift, that is to say whose central tooth tip lies in the center of the cut edges 22, has the same phase regardless of its installation direction. The phase shift may for example make up the designated I in Fig. 1 by "A" distance 22 of the insert 12 indicates the distance between the center line of the edge to the center line of the ■ central tooth crest of the edge 22 of this insert. The insert 13 according to FIG. 1 is designed identically to the insert 12, but positioned in the opposite position l . The insert 14 according to FIG. 1 is identical to the insert 11, but also turned around again or in the reverse

-12-

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position. Thus if a set of two identical cutting knives is put together, one of which is opposite the other, is the distance between the center line of the tip of the tooth of one insert and the center line the tooth tip of the adjacent insert twice as large as the phasemer shift in relation to the center line of the insert, thus, for example, the route designated by A in FIG. 1.

If an odd number of cutting phases should be used, as shown, for example, according to FIGS. 2.7 and 9 of the In the case of one of the knife inserts, the center line of its central tooth tip 23 lies on the center line of the edge 22 of use. This use has regardless of its ürehlage the same cutting phase in the knife set. One of those! Knife set is shown for example in Fig. 2, where the center line of the central tooth tip of the insert 111 coincides with the center line B of the edge 22 of the insert 111. The tooth tips the remaining inserts are offset from the center line of the insert. The in FIGS. 1 and 8 knife sets shown each contain four inserts of two different types, with which four cutting phases can be achieved. at the four in FIGS. The cutting tool inserts shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 is the centerline of the central tooth tip 23 of each edge,

22 offset from the centerline of the edge 22 of the insert.

The first inserts 11 and 14 are identical, but arranged in the opposite position, so that the central tooth tip

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of the insert 11 and the central tooth tip 23 of the insert 14 are offset from the center line of the insert in one direction by a distance equal to 1/8 of the distance is between the tooth tips.

The second inserts 12 and 13 are identical, however also arranged in opposite positions to each other. The center tooth tips of the inserts 12 and 13 are off the center line the edge 22 offset by a distance which is equal to 3/8 of the distance between the tooth tips. The tooth tips of the inserts 11, 12, 13 and 14 lie in a common plane and are equidistant from one another.

The FIGS. 2 and 7 show a set of knives with three inserts of two different types, three of which are produced when they are assembled Allow cutting phases to be achieved. The center line of the central tooth tip 23 of the insert 111 lies on the center line of the Edge 22 of the insert 111. In any position, i.e. whether it is inverted or not, the insert 111 is the same Cutting phase. If the insert 111 is square, it is provided with eight cut edges, all of which are the same Have cutting phase. A corresponding arrangement can be made with a triangular insert, one with five side faces. : Achieve seen stakes, etc.

The identical but reversed inserts 112 and

• 113 are opposite the center line by 1/3 or 2/3 of the distance

, offset between the tooth tips. The tips of the teeth of the two

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identical inserts 112 and 113 and the insert 111 are in on a common plane and are equidistant from each other.

ι The FIGS. 3, 4 and 6 show a phase-shifted insert for a cutting tool with two cutting phases. In the figures, the relative position of the teeth of the two identical inserts is shown, one of which is inverted relative to the other; of an insert carrying the teeth 210 and the other insert \ teeth 211. The teeth 210 and 211 of the insert are offset by half the distance between one and the immediately next tooth tip with respect to the center line. With these two identical inserts, a cutting tool with two cutting phases can thus be achieved. The tooth tips of these two identical inserts with the teeth 210 and 211 lie in a common plane and have the same distance from one another.

Fig. 9 shows a knife set with five inserts three under; ι of different types, through which five cutting phases can be achieved

permit. In one type, the central tooth tip is on the mit-;

tell line of the edge 22, and this type thus forms a single;

borrowed single-phase use. The two inserts 311 and 312 are j identical to the inverted inserts 314 and 313, respectively. The central tooth tips 23 of the inserts 311 and 314 are opposed to j

! i

! Offset over the center line of the edge 22 by a distance equal to 1/5 of the distance between the tooth tips 18 of the inserts J is. The central tooth tips 23 of the inserts 312 and 313 are

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Out of phase by a distance equal to 2/5 of the distance is between the tooth tips 18 of the inserts. The tooth tips 18 of the inserts 311, 314, 312, 313 and 310 are in a common Level and are equidistant from each other.

Fig. 10 shows a knife set with six inserts, three of which Inserts are designed identical to three other inserts and are installed in the opposite position compared to these, 'so that result in six cutting phases. In the case of the insert 410 and the identical but inverted insert 411, the central tooth tips are offset from the center line by 1/12 of the distance between two tooth tips. The middle tooth tips the insert 412 and the identical but inverted insert 415 are 1/4 the distance from the centerline offset between two successive tooth tips. The middle tooth tips of the insert 413 and the identically designed, however, reversed insert 414 are each to the center line by 5/12 of the distance between one and moved to another tooth tip. The tooth tips of the inserts 410, 411, 412, 413, 414 and 415 lie in a common Level and are equidistant from each other. The distance between the tooth tips is equal to 1/6 of the distance between the tooth tips of an insert or 1/6 of the tooth pitch.

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Claims (5)

Claims (1.) Cutting knife set for a cutting tool, with several, Corresponding cutting knives, each as a cutting insert with parallel, front and rear, through Side walls interconnected end faces and uniformly serrated, identical cut edges on all Connection points of the end faces with the side walls are formed, characterized in that the cut edges (22) with several tooth tips (18, 23) and connected to one another by angled cut flanks (24) Recesses (19) are provided so that the center line of each cutting edge (22) of at least one cutting insert (11, 12, 13,14,112,113,311,312,313,314,410-415) by a smaller one compared to the center line of the adjacent tooth tip (23) Fraction of the distance between adjacent tooth tips (18,23) is offset, and that the center lines of adjacent -17- 40 9 809/0968 - 17 - 73A 1 182 Tooth tips when the center lines are arranged side by side, mutually corresponding inserts offset in a common plane running perpendicular to their end faces are arranged opposite the center lines of adjacent tooth tips of the adjacent inserts. 2. Cutting knife set according to claim 1, characterized by a Cutting insert (111,310) with teeth (16) formed symmetrically to the center line of the insert. 3. Cutting knife set according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least two adjacent inserts (11,12,13,14,112,113,311-314, 410-415) with respect to the Center lines of the inserts asymmetrically arranged teeth (16,210,211) are provided. 4. Cutting knife at ζ according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the teeth (16,210,211) are _{essentially (} essentially sinusoidal). 5. Schneidmessersatζ according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inserts (11-14,111,112,113, 310-314, 410-415) each have four side walls. 409809/0968