DE2325863A1 - AUTOMATIC SCRAPER SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

CRASEMANN & RAFFAY 2325063

2 HAMBURG 7O ^

SOLOSSTRASSE β PATENT LAWYERS:

May 21, 1973 dipl.-ing. Jörgen Crasemann

DIPL.-ING. VINCENCE V. RAFFAY

4026 / 10-

Lucien, Rene Vidal
Domain © de la Pimpine
33360 Latresne (France)

Automatic scraper system.

The invention relates to a fully automatic scraper system for feeding a concrete production plant with different Aggregates such as sand, crushed stone, grit, gravel, etc.

Known scraper systems have a distributor tower from which several walls extend in the radial direction, which the area around the distribution tower in several, each Subdivide the fields used to store the aggregates tipped on the opening side of the fields. At the At the bottom of the distribution tower there is a corresponding distribution box through which the aggregates of the concrete production plant can be fed. A turntable is mounted on the tower, which by means of a drive motor is pivotable with reduction gear. A cantilever spanning the fields in a self-supporting manner attached to the turntable and is used to guide and hold a return rope that can be wound onto a first winch, attached to the back of a scraper or scraper. At the front end of the scraper is a Shrink rope attached, which winds up on a second winch "

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TELEPHONE: CO-4113 SS 7O O5 TELEGRAMS: PATFAV, HAMBURG

is cash. The scraper goes through the different fields according to a specified work cycle and is only used by the shrink cable winch and the return cable winch moves, which are on or at the turntable.

The known scraper systems do not work fully automatically and therefore always have to be carried out by an operator being controlled. In addition, there are also dead times in known scraper systems that are already partially automated Too large in relation to the actual working time. Therefore, the storage capacity of the scraper system in Relation to the needs of the concrete production plant can be made much larger.

Another disadvantage of known scraper systems is that they are not adaptable, i.e. do not adhere to the adapt to current working conditions, due to which it is necessary, for example, overcrowded fields to work harder and to skip the other fields for the time being.

Finally, with known scraper systems for safety reasons Supervision by operating personnel is required, as these systems do not provide any protection against unpredictable events Have accidents.

The invention is now based on the object, while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages, a fully automatic To create scraper system that automatically selects the most appropriate from several work steps at any point in time Selects and executes the operation, due to a considerable reduction in dead times, a significantly increased one Has efficiency, as well as has a high level of operational safety by being in the event of malfunctions switches off automatically.

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The now proposed fully automatically operating Scraper consists in "a known manner from a distributor tower, extending from the running in the radial direction and a plurality of fields predetermining walls _s wherein -the tower in the lower region of the fields having distributor box and carries a rotary platform, on which a cantilever boom mounted is, on which a return rope that can be wound on a first winch and connected to the rear end of a scraper and a saddle rope that can be wound onto a second winch and is connected to the front end of the scraper are guided and is characterized according to the invention by a display for the highest and the distribution tower The closest position of the scraper serving extension detector, which is coupled with a logic control for scraping operation, which was used to switch off a contactor immediately when the detector is actuated, which interrupts the rotation of the shrimp cable winch in the winding direction, as well as with a delay g to switch on two safety gates ^ whereby the return _{cable winch can be driven in the winding direction 5} and the shrap cable winch in the unwinding direction »

According to a further embodiment of the invention, there is a material detector in each PeId on the distribution tower in the highest permissible dump height of a pile and also a supply detector, which is used to Provided, and to indicate passage of the scraper through a central area during the scrubbing process both detectors are with the logic control for scraping operation coupled in such a way that it can only be addressed when both detectors are actuated, and in this case switches on the two contactors with a delay, by means of which the return cable winch in the winding direction and the shrap rope winch can be driven in the unwinding direction.

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The turntable can be coupled in a known manner with the drive motor and reduction gear and rigidly with the be connected to a movable member of a pivot position sensor, which in cooperation with detector elements for Display of the "field over which the boom is located and the radial wall to be driven over is used, with according to a further feature of the invention, the detector elements with a logic control for pivoting movements the turntable are coupled in such a way that it can only be pivoted when one of the two detector elements is operated simultaneously with the extension detector, or this simultaneously with the supply detector and the corresponding material detector, which is dependent on the logic control for scraping operation, is actuated, and that the logic control for pivoting movements of the turntable is designed in such a way that the drive motor with reduction gear is switched on during a predetermined period of time in one or the other direction of rotation.

Other features as well as the advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic elevation view of the invention Scraper system and illustrates the work cycle of the same in a field.

Pig. 2 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of the scraper system, wherein some elements have been omitted for the sake of clarity.

FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a second embodiment.

Fig. 4 shows microswitches in a top view detail the control device for the scraper system according to Pig. 2.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the functional connections established by means of the control device.

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Figures 6-11 are schematic electrical circuit diagrams of the basic circuits of the control device according to the first embodiment ο well.

Figures 12 and 13 correspond to Figures 9 and 10, The corresponding schematic diagram for the corresponding Basic circuits for the second embodiment.

As can be clearly seen from FIGS. 1 and 2 or 3 the scraper system has a distribution tower in a manner known per se 1, which has a pyramidal shape and from which walls 2 extend in the radial direction, which between them for the storage of different aggregates such as sand, crushed stone, chippings, gravel etc. Fields used for concrete production "limit" the walls from the edges of the pyramid-shaped distribution tower 1 and allow the formation of aggregate heaps between them. Me aggregates in the various fields can each through arranged at the lower end of the distribution tower 1 window 3 and appropriate distribution boxes exit ^ provided the latter are open.

At the upper end of the distribution tower 1, a revolving platform 4 is mounted and carries a boom 5 which extends in the radial direction self-supporting spans the fields. The boom 5 is hinged at one end to the revolving platform 4 and at his the other end by means of an inclined guy rope 6 held at the upper end of a on the revolving platform 4 fixed mast 7 is anchored.

On the boom 5 is by means of free-running rollers 8 a so-called return rope 9 out, which is attached to the rear Part of a scraper or scraper 10 attached

which is preferably a free-lying type scraper for automatic filling. The return rope 9 is wound at the other end on the drum 11 of a winch 12, which sieve on the revolving platform 4 is located and is to be referred to as a return winch. The front, lower section of the scraper 10 is attached to a rope 13, which is referred to as Schrappseil and at its other end on the drum H of a winch 15 is wound, which is also located on the revolving platform 4.

The dividing tower 1 has a material detector DM on its side walls in each field, which is actuated, when the pile-made aggregate material the height of the detector achieved. The material detectors are of a known design and consist, for example, of a deformable one Membrane that is deformed when aggregates are deposited and activates a microscbalter.

The scraper system also has a control that consists of several control elements, which lead by Display the scraper in several preferred locations when this is in a continuous, annular shape closed work cycle is moved in vertical radial planes. These controls allow a fully automatic and "intelligent", i.e. operation of the scraper system adapted to the respective requirements.

In both embodiments (FIGS. 2 and 3), the control elements used to display the position comprise a cable slack detector L and a swivel position sensor CN, which in both cases are of the same nature and are arranged in the same place.

The per se known rope sag detector L is attached to the boom 5 in the vicinity of the revolving platform 4 and speaks

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on the return rope 9. He can "for example from a Lever 16, which is pivotably mounted on a stationary shaft 18 and is held against the by a spring 19 Return rope 9 is acted upon. At the free end of the lever 16 there is a free-running spool 20 »

The swivel position transmitter * CN is also inherent known design and has as many cam disks 21 as the distribution tower 1 .Felder ", Die Noekenscheiben 21 are mounted on a shaft rigidly connected to the revolving platform 4, with the alignment and angular opening a section 22 of each cam plate 21 corresponds to a field over which the boom 5 is in a specific moment. Each cam plate 21 cooperates with a microscope holder 23, which when actuated on the one hand the field in which the scraper 10 is located and on the other hand the end positions of the boom 5 indicates in relation to the relevant field at which the scraper 10 is passed over a radial wall 12 must become. The microswitches 23 are in the supply circuit a drive motor with reduction gear 108 (not shown in FIGS. 1-3, but only are shown schematically in Fig. 11), by means of which the turntable 4 can be pivoted step by step.

In the exemplary embodiment described here, the swivel position transmitter CN is of an electromechanical design; However, this can of course also be done by a hydraulic, pneumatically, optically or otherwise working encoder can be replaced.

The same applies to the material detector DM and the rope slack detector L, since they are technically equivalent Executions ^ of these controls are the same, according to the invention to achieve the intended effects.

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In "both of the embodiments of the invention described here Scraper system, the control performs the following punctures automatically and appropriately the end:

The scraper 10 covers a closed working path in each section of a field, which in Pig. indicated in a dashed line and denoted by the letters a b c d i e. This circular route can can also be abbreviated in order to increase the storage capacity of a field by having the one leading to the distribution tower 1, increasing path of the circular path is carried out further away from the tower.

The circular path of the scraper 10 is in each field during the return of the scraper through the air space by means of a pivoting movement of the turntable 4 by an angular amount offset.

The scraper 10 is guided away through the air space over the radial walls 2 that there is no risk of sticking of the scraper on the radial walls.

In the first embodiment shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4-11, the control consists of the following control elements! the rope slack detector L, the material detectors DM, the swivel position transmitter OT; the control elements or detectors which can be actuated by the cables 9 and 13, namely a microswitch F labeled "Brake shock detector ¹¹ , a microswitch I labeled" Sagging display barrier detector ", a microswitch S labeled" Überflugdetektor ", a microswitch R labeled "Reverse position detector", a microswitch AR labeled "Schwenkfreigabedetektor ¹¹ , -a microswitch ST labeled" Supply Detector ", a microswitch A labeled" Ausfahrdetektor "and microswitches SC labeled" Safety Detector "

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Programmiervorriehtung P ₉ a logic control Lj for scraping operation, a logic control Lp for the pivoting movements of the turntable 4 ₉ as well as contactors C ^ - G _{79 of} which the contactors G ₁ and Cp to control the power supply to the shrink cable winch 15? namely G * to drive the winch in the winding direction and Gp to drive the winch in the deflection direction; the Sehaltschützen C ₅ .und G * to control the supply of the return winch 12, namely G-, to control the winch in .aufwickelsinn and C, to control the winch in the unwinding direction; the Scbaltsehütze C ₁ - and C ₇ to control the supply of the drive motor with reduction gear 1OÖ, namely G ₁ - to pivot the turntable 4 to the left and G ₇ to pivot the same to the right and finally a Sehaltschütz Gr ₉ which a braking device 24- the return winch 12 is actuated.

The programming device P and the logic controls L ^ and Lp are not described here in detail, since their Execution for a set program. For, the specialist readily apparent and the invention to the design and operation of the scraper system control as such is directed.

It should only be noted here (FIG. 5) that the logic controls Lj and Lg are connected to one another and to the programming device P and this specifies the program to be executed in each case. The signals emitted by the aforementioned control elements F, R, SG, SIE, A, L, AR ₅ , I, DM, S and GiT are applied to the inputs of the logic controls, and these output control signals. the contactors Gj - G ₇ off.

In the first embodiment (shown in FIGS. 2 and 4) are the microselectives working as detectors

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ter] ?, I and S are fixedly arranged and are represented by a adjustable cam 25 "actuated, which in turn τοη the Drum 11 of the Rückaolwinde 12 is controlled. With this one described embodiment, the cam 25 is translative guided and rigidly connected to a nut, which runs on a rotary screw 26, which in turn mediates a chain drive 27 is coupled to the drum 11.

In a corresponding manner, the microswitches R, AR, ST, A working as detectors are arranged stationary and are actuated by a cam 28 which is adjustable and whose adjustment movement is controlled by the drum 14 of the Schrapp ™ cable winch 15 . 2, the cam 28 is guided in translation by being rigidly connected to a nut which is adjustable on a rotary screw 29 ₉ which in turn is coupled to the drum 14 by means of a chain drive 30.

The kinematic arrangement is such that when the return rope 9 is wound up and unwound of the Schrappseils 13 the return cam 25 is adjusted in the direction of arrow E (winding) and one after the other the microswitches F, I and S operated, while at the same time the scraper cam 28 in the opposite direction in the direction of the arrow D (development) is shifted and the microswitches A, ST, AR and R operated one after the other.

The microswitches F, I, S, A, ST, AR and R serving as detectors are as shown in Pig. 4 arranged in such a way that they correspond to certain points of the circular path of the scraper shown in FIG. 1, namely between b and c, between d and e, d, c, s, between a and s and between a and e. This layer arrangement determines the lateral actuation of the microswitch. and consequently the sequence of the work cycle. If the peId,

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in which the scraper 10 is in each case, practical is empty, which obviously must not be the case, the scraper follows the section abc of the circular path. The scraper 10 pulled by the scraper rope 13 being wound up normally takes up as it moves those dumped from trucks at the outer ends of the fields or dumped in pile 31 Aggregates at a greater distance from the distribution tower 1 and is in the filled state on the surface sucked up the pile, so that its path of movement between the section abc and the straight line a c runs.

The position of the microswitches L ₅ DM and CI as well as F ₅ I, S, A, ST, AR and R is therefore given. A first safety microswitch SC is arranged in the vicinity of the return rope winch 12 (FIG. 2) under the return rope 9 and is actuated ₉ if the return rope should be torn. A second safety microswitch SO (FIG. 2) is located in The mowing of the 14 of the Schrappseilwinöa 15 at such a point, its switching lever 32 is actuated in the event of a rope break through the end of the scraper part 13. This microscale therefore only responds when the Scteappseil 13 is torn.

The various control elements of the control are not shown in their entirety for the purpose of explaining the mutual relationships and their mode of operation, since such a representation would be confusing and the description of the essential features of the invention would suffer. For this reason, the circuit diagrams of the basic functions, which result in particular from FIG. 1, are shown separately from one another in FIGS. 6-11.

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_{For the sake of clarity, the logic controls L 1} and Lp are represented in individual basic circuits by an electromagnetic contactor, which can be viewed as a functional equivalent. It should be noted, however, that this symbolic contactor is dependent on various logical points and is held by these in a certain switching state depending on the conditions entered into the programming device P.

Each basic circuit has at least one contactor. To understand the basic circuits described below, it should be noted that the contactors C-j and Cp »as well as C, and C, as well as Ct- and Cr, in each case in pairs are coupled to one another in such a way that when the one contactor is switched on, the one coupled to it other contactor is generally switched off. In addition, the interlinked Switch off contactors at the same time using the logic controls.

The first basic configuration for the first embodiment of the Control for the scraper system is in its own. 6 and controls the setting down of the scraper 10 at this point a of the circulation path (Pig. 1), as well as the scraping in section abc of the circulation path.

This basic circuit (Pig. 6) comprises the Durehhangamzeigesperrdetektor or microswitch I and the microswitch 17 of the rope slack detector L, which are connected in series on a conductor 33, which is used to supply a control voltage u to _{the excitation windings of the contactors C 1 and C.} The movable contacts 34 and 35 of the control contactors are each connected to a line 36 and 37, respectively, and are used to connect the shrink cable winch 15 and the return cable winch 12 to an electrical voltage source ü. The one forming the slack indicator lock detector

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Due to its position (FIG. 4), microswitch I prevents any utilization of the signal emitted by the rope slack detector L as long as the scraper 10 is outside the section i ', d ,. e, a, a ^{9 of} the circulation path is located. When the microswitch I is closed and at the same time the microswitch 17 is also closed due to the slack in the rope on the return rope 9, the excitation windings on the contact protectors C and C are thus excited. This closes the contact 54 and opens the contact of the contactor Cp, so that the shrink cable winch 15 is put into operation and winds up the shrink cable 13. At the same moment or a little earlier, the contact 35 opens, whereby the outer contact of the contactor C ₅ Remains in the open position, so that the .Rückholseilwinde 12 is no longer fed with tension and the return rope 9 can unwind freely, but the drum 11 of the winch is slightly braked laterally.

The logic control L ^ _{9 to} which the signal of the rope slack detector L has been supplied, keeps the contact 34 closed, so that the scraper 10 is pulled by means of the scraper rope 13 to point c.

The one in Pig. 7 shown second G-ruriaschaltung permitted the braking of the return rope 9 kura before the point in time at which the scraper hits point c of the circular path (Pig. 1) reached while the shrink rope 13 is still further wound. This deceleration leads to the end of the scraping process to the fact that on the one hand the scraper 10 is raised and emptied at its rear end} and on the other hand prevents that the scraper 10 in the presence of a hole between the apex of the pile 31 and the distribution tower 1 falls unchecked into this hole, which would otherwise damage or tear the rope © and damage the controls operated by the ropes to the pole could have.

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The one in Pig. 7 contains the microswitch F acting as a brake shock detector, which is connected in series in a line 38, by means of which the excitation coil of the switching contactor C is applied to the control voltage u. The movable contact 39 of the switch contactor Or is connected to a line 40 which connects the braking device 24 for the return winch 12 to the power source u. In addition, the circuit includes the micro switch designated as a flight detector S which is connected in series to a conductor 41 _s which the excitation coil of the contactor 42 sets u to the control voltage "The switching Schüts 42 is in this figure as a technical equivalent of the logic control L * in this Basic circuit shown. The movable contact 43 of the safety contactor 42 is in series with the movable contact 39 in the line 40.

If the microswitches P and S 'are not actuated by the cam 25 kinematically coupled to the recovery winch, they are closed, the excitation windings of the contactors 42 and Cg are excited and the contacts 43 and 39 are closed, so that the braking device 24 is supplied with a voltage and this is therefore released.

If, however, the microswitch Έ is actuated by the cam 2-5 shortly before the point in time at which the scraper 10 has reached point c of its circular path, the power supply to the field winding of the contactor CV is interrupted, the contact 39 opens and the braking device 24 is de-energized, so that it comes into action, whereby the return rope 9 is braked.

To improve the braking effect of the cable winch, the drum 11 of the return cable winch 12 is preferably in the manner trained, as in another, simultaneously submitted

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th patent application by the same applicant entitled "winch drum" is described.

Such drum has in extension of the cylindrical helical groove, a spiral groove _9, the result of the sieve, decreasing half diameter reduces the driving torque and therefore the applied braking moment "Now, if a hole between the upper sin of the heap and the distribution tower 1, available XST ₉ in which. if the scraper 10 could fall into it, a particularly effective one takes place. Deceleration, by means of which the impact force is absorbed which the filled scraper could exert on the retrieval rope 9 when it crashes "

The drum also has a protruding from its side flange, and aligned tangentially to the end of the spiral axis of rotation ₉ · on which the Seilöee located at the end of Rückholseils is attached. This axis of rotation is in the vicinity of the drum axis and runs parallel to it. When the return rope is completely unwound, the end of the rope therefore points to the center of the drum, so the drum forms a very effective and firm attachment, which brings the scraper to a standstill.

If the drum 11 of the retrieval winch 12 in ^{FIG. 1 is designed in} the manner described above, the safety detector microswitch SC (FIG Drum acts as a stop.

The third basic circuit shown in Fig. 8 allows the scraper. 10 between points c and d of its orbital path (Fig. 1) by air to the end of the boom

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5 attributed. For this purpose, the ropes 9 and 13 must be properly tensioned so that the scraper 10 is essentially a covers an elliptical path with very little deflection and thus without difficulty over the radial walls 2 can be carried away.

The one in Pig. The basic attitude shown in FIG. 8 contains the microswitch A designated as Ausfahxdetektor ", which is connected in series in a conductor 44, which supplies the control voltage u to the excitation winding of the contactor 45, which in this figure is the technical equivalent of the logic control Lj in" With reference to this circuit, the moving contact 46 of the contactor 45 is in turn connected in series in a line 47 which supplies the control voltage u to the excitation winding of a contactor 48 with a delay, the moving contact 49 of which is delayed when the winding is energized t ^ is closed o The movable contact 49 is in series with several conductors 5O ₅ , which supply the control voltage u to the excitation winding 'of the contactors Cp j Ο-, and Qr j_ their movable contacts 51, 52 and 55 each via a line 54 ₉ 55 or »56 with the shrink cable winch 15 _{9 of} the return cable winch 12 or the braking device 24 for d The return cable winch is connected and the voltage U is supplied to it.

When the microswitch of the extension detector A is closed by means of the cam 26 kinematically coupled to the shrink cable winch, it first sends a signal to the logic controller L ^, which has the contact 34, not shown in this figure, of the contactor C ₁ in the switched-on position up to this point in time has held. This contact is opened by the signal and the shrink cable winch is shut down.

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The exit detector microscope holder A operates at the same time the closing of contact 46, which in turn closes contact 49 with a delay. This has the consequence that the contacts 51-55 are closed and practically at the same time the braking device 24 is disengaged, the return rope 9 is wound onto the return cable winch 12 and the shrink cable 15 is unwound from the shrink cable winch 15. the time delay t ^ therefore prevents a sudden Reversal of the direction of rotation of the winches.

The logic control L ^, which the signal of the exit detector microswitch A has been fed, keeps the contacts 51-55 closed, so that the scraper 10 therefore on an approximately straight travel path from point c to point d through the air space.

The fourth basic circuit shown in Fig. 9 is used to in connection with the second basic circuit shown in FIG to control the lowering of the scraper 10 at the outer ends of the fields "

The fourth Grundsehaltung has corresponding to FIG _e 9 the first Überflugde.tektor micro-switch S which is switched to ₉ in series in a line 57 which supplies the control voltage U of the excitation coil of a contactor 58, which in this drawing figure as the equivalent of the logic control L ₁ with respect to the circuit is shown. The movable contact 59 öes Schalttechützes 58 is in turn in series in the line 6O ₉ weloke the control voltage u der.Ergerwicklung a contactor 61 with the time delay t £ feeds. The moving contact 62 of this contactor is in series with a conductor 65, which in turn supplies the control voltage u to the excitation winding of the contactor C, the moving contact 64 of which is connected in series with a conductor 65.

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tet is via which the voltage source U with the return winch 12 is connected.

This fourth basic circuit also has the upward position detector labeled microscbalter R, which is connected in pure with a line 66, through which the control voltage u to the excitation winding of a Contactor Cp is applied, its moving contact 67 is connected to a conductor 68 which connects the shrink cable winch 15 to the voltage source U.

When the second flyover detector microswitch S is opened by the cam 25 coupled to the return cable winch, it sends a signal to the logic control L ^ , not shown here, which kept the contact 52 of the contactor C ^ in the closed position until this point in time Has. On the basis of the signal, the contact 52 is opened and thus the return rope winch 12 is shut down. The opening of the overflight detector microswitch S has, as can be seen from FIG. 7, at the same time that the contact 4-5 is opened and the power supply to the braking device 24 braking the return hoist winch 12 is interrupted. At this moment the scraper is at point d of its circulation path (Fig. 1).

However, since the shrap rope 15 is further away from the shrap rope winch 15 is unwound, the scraper 10 temporarily describes a circular path leading to the outer roller the boom 5 is centered.

As soon as the normally closed second flyover detector microswitch S ^{1 is opened} by the cam 25 coupled to the return cable winch (FIG. 7), the normally open first flyover detector microswitch S

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At this moment, which essentially corresponds to the stopping of the return rope5, the movable contact 59 of the logic control LJ ₉ closes, whereby the contact 64 of the safety contactor G. closes with a time delay tp and thus the return rope winch 12 is turned and - unwinds the retrieval rope «

Since the Schrappseilwinäe 15 always unwinds the Schrappseilwinäe j when the return rope is also unwound, the scraper 10 is moved through the section de of its circulation path (Figo 1). However, as soon as point e is reached, the cam coupled to the Schrappseilwinäe closes 28 the reverse position detector microswitch R, which in turn _{opens the contact 67 of the contactor G 2} and thus the shrink cable winch 15 is brought to a standstill. Due to the great length, on the unwound shrimp rope 13, the scraper 10 falls vertically downwards according to the section ea of its circulating carriage (FIG. 1)

The work cycle can also be controlled by the Surchhanganzeigesperrdetektor microswitch 1 and the rope breakdown detector L take place; i-jie is shown on the basis of Fig. 6.

The fifth basic circuit shown in Fig. -10 is used in addition, the tolumen of the heap 31 directly at the Y Teiler tower 1 to enlarge «It is necessary that the heap not "up to point c" which extends to the discharge area of the scraper 10. corresponds, otherwise "with larger Dumping height the aggregates fall into adjacent fields could. The greatest dump height is due to the height of the material detectors DM specified., To increase the storage quantity therefore the scraper must be emptied before point c until the material detectors DM respond. '

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The fifth basic circuit shown in Fig. 10 contains the supply detector microswitch ST, which is connected in series with a conductor 69, which applies the control voltage u to the field winding of the contactor 70, which in this figure as an equivalent to the logic control L-. is shown in relation to this circuit. The basic circuit also contains the material detector DM, which is actuated during the operation in the relevant field. The material detector DM is connected in series with a conductor 71, which applies the control voltage u to the field winding of a contactor 72. The movable contacts 73 and 74 of the contactors 70 and 72 are connected in series with a conductor 75, through which the control voltage u is applied to the excitation winding of a contactor 76 with the delay time t ^ , as already shown on the basis of the third basic circuit (Fig. Β) has been described. The moving contact of this contactor with delay is in series with two conductors 78 and 79, which apply the control voltage u to the excitation windings of the contactors C ₂ and CV, their moving contacts 80 and 81 each via the line 82 and 83 with the shrink cable winch 15 or the return winch 12 are connected and these supply the voltage from the voltage source TJ.

As soon as pile 31 has reached the greatest dump height, the material detector DM is actuated, whereby the movable contact 74 closes. If then the with the cams 28 coupled to the shrink cable winch closes the supply detector microswitch ST, which closes in front of the extension detector microswitch A is located, i.e. is located near point s of the circular path (Fig. 1) as a result, the contactor 76 is energized with a delay, so that, as in the third basic circuit (FIG. 8), the shrink cable 13 unwound and the return rope 9 is wound up, but without the braking device 24 being released in this case needs to become.

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Under the conditions described above, the scraper 10 empties its contents onto the heap behind position c. If the Hauxen is not being processed, the storage operation is time-limited by a counter which forms part of the logic control L ₁ .

The one in Pig. The sixth basic circuit shown in FIG. 11 allows the boom 5 to be pivoted when the scraper 10 is returned by air. In any case, the pivoting movement is programmed step by step in such a way that the scraping process is carried out from the left or from the right in adjoining radial areas and the entire sector-shaped surface of each field is machined.

The in Fig; 11 comprises on the one hand the exit detector microswitch A ₅ which is connected in series with a conductor 84 which leads to the movable contact 23 of the viewing pivot position sensor GN, which is actuated during the scraping process by the foekene disc 21, and on the other hand in accordance with the basic circuit of 4 shows two contactors 70 and 72 of the logic control L ₁ , the movable contacts 73 and 74 of which are connected in series with a further conductor 75 which leads to the aforementioned movable contact (microswitch). The excitation windings of these contactors are applied to the control voltage u through the supply detector microswitch ST and the relevant material detector DM in the respective scraped field.

Another conductor 85 connects the movable contact 23 to the field winding of a contactor 86, which is shown in this drawing figure as the equivalent of the logic control L ₂ with respect to this basic circuit.

In normal operation of the scraper system (3Pig. 8) the Exit detector microswitch A the winding of the contact

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Contactor 86 to the control voltage u as soon as the scraper 10 has reached point c of its orbital path. If, on the other hand, the scraper system works in "storage operation" (Fig. 10), put the supply detector microswitch ST and the material detector DM by means of the contactors 70 and 72 of the logic control L ^ the winding of the contactor 86 to the control voltage u as soon as the scraper 10 has reached point s on the way to work.

The movable contact 87 of the contactor 86 is in series connected to a conductor 88, which the control voltage u of the excitation winding of a contactor 89 with a delay, which when energized the moving contact 90 closes immediately. The movable contact 90 opens automatically after a certain period of time t, again. This time constant t corresponds to the duration which is required to pivot the boom 5 step by step.

The moving contact 90 of the contactor 89 with delay is in turn in series with a conductor 91, which _{supplies the control voltage u to the excitation winding of the SehaltSchützes C 5} , whose moving contact 92 connects the drive motor with reduction gear 108 via the line 93 to the voltage source U.

If the scraper 10 performs a normal scraping cycle (I ⁵ Ig. 8) or a scraping cycle serving to keep supplies (Fig. 1o) and the cutout 22 of the cam disk 21 of the swivel position transmitter CW is opposite the movable contact of the microswitch 23, the contactor is with Delay 89 energizes (attracted) and during the return of the scraper 10 by air to the outer end of the field (path of travel cd) causes the boom 5 to pivot during the period t ^, ie during

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the time required for the step-by-step pivoting.

However, when the movable contact of the microscope holder 23 is opened at the ends of the cutout 22 in the cam disk 21, the gradual pivoting is interrupted.

In the foregoing it has been stated that the step-by-step pivoting is controlled from right to left by means of the contactor C ^ either hit by the programming device P or specified by manual intervention by an operator of the scraper system. To understand how the control works, it should only be noted that the logic control L ₂ either actuates the contactor CL or the contactor C ₇ «

In addition, the logic controls control the guiding of the scraper 10 over the radial walls 2, which is also referred to here as "flying over", as a function of the program specified by the programming device P or a command entered by an operator. The corresponding control command is, however, dependent on the Sehwenkfreigabedetektor-microswitch AR, which is actuated by the cam 28 connected to the shrink cable winch, as well as the overflight detector microswitch S, which is actuated by the cam 25 connected to the return cable winch _s and the microswitches 23 , which are actuated by the cam disks 21 of the swivel position transmitter GN, which, on its part, is swiveled together with the turntable 4.

When in Figures 1 _S 3 and the second embodiment shown 13, the control for the Scraper most of the described in the first embodiment

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beneath the same controls, but with some of the same are in other places and the electrical circuitry has been modified accordingly.

As can be seen from FIG. 3 , they are arranged unchanged; the rope _{slack detector L 5} the material _{detectors DM 9} the swivel position transmitter GF and the security detector microswitch SC. Arranged directly operable by the return rope 9 are the microchwitches of the braking impact detector 1, of the overflight detector S and of the gate rate detector ST. The microswitch of the extension detector is arranged so that it can be actuated directly by the shrink cable 13. Microswitches of the detectors ί ?, L, S and ST are attached to the boom 5, the rollers used to actuate the switches being located in the travel path of an elongated switching collar 94 which is firmly connected to the return rope 9.

The microswitch of the extension detector A "is also below of the boom 5 arranged in such a way that its pulley is located opposite the free end of a lever 95, der'at its other end on a stationary Shaft 96 is pivotally mounted, together "with the The microswitch is arranged on the same fastening. The lever 95 is concentric on the drum 14 of the shrink cable winch 15 and has a longitudinal slit 97 through which the lap rope 13 is passed «, The The angle of inclination of the Schxappseils is different depending on the position of the scraper 10, and the Schrappseil is due to the longitudinal slot 97 not disabled on the Scraper part 13 is still a stop 98 on a point located in the vicinity of the scraper 10.

In the second embodiment of the control, the microswitches not by lures, which are shifted translationally by the rotating winches, but directly operated by the ropes themselves. So are the microswitches

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of the detectors P, L, S and ST operated one after the other by the switching collar 94 located on the return rope 9, while the microswitch of the detector A is operated by means of the lever 95 when the stop 98 located on the scraping part 15 ″ rests against the Hefeel 95 and Of course, the microswitches of the detectors P, L, S, ST and A are arranged at corresponding mutual distances and at corresponding distances with respect to the switching collar 94 and the stop 98, as well as with regard to their distance from the scraper 10 that the actuation of these microswitches corresponds to certain points of the Schrappumlaufs (Pig. 1), which have already been explained with reference to the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the logic controls L ₁ and L ₂ »and the contactors C ₁ -C- are also present. The basic circuits of the control elements L, DM, CN, ST, SC, P, S, A, L ₁ , L ₂ , C ₁ -C _{7 of} the second embodiment have essentially the same design and mode of operation as those in FIGS. 6 -11 shown basic circuits of the first embodiment.

In the drawings and in the following description, the second embodiment is therefore only shown to that extent or described as deviating from the first.

The first basic circuit corresponds to that in Pig. 6 shown Circuit of the first embodiment, with the exception that the microswitch for the slack indicator lock detector I is omitted.

The second basic circuit corresponds to that in Pig. 7, with the exception that the microswitches of the detectors P and S ^{1 are} not connected to a cam 25,. but are actuated by the shift collar 94 located on the return rope 9.

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- ■ ■ - 26 -

The third basic circuit corresponds to that in · Pig. 8 shown Basic circuit of the first embodiment, with the Deviation so that the microswitch of the extension detector A does not lure by the one connected to the shrink cable winch 28, but is operated by the lever 95 when the am Schrappseil 13 located stop 98 is pressed against the lever 95.

The braking device acting on the return winch 12 24 can be omitted according to a simplified embodiment, and the same applies in this case as well on the second basic circuit and the contactor CV of the third basic circuit too.

The fourth basic circuit of the second embodiment differs slightly from the corresponding one of the first embodiment in that the microswitch of the reverse position detector R is opposite to the circuit according to Pig. 9 came in Portfall. The fourth basic circuit of the second embodiment is in Pig. 12 and here again has the contactor 58, which is shown schematically instead of the logic control L ₁ and is controlled by the microswitch of the overflight detector S when this is actuated by the switching collar 94 on the return rope 9. The movable contact 59 of the contactor 58 controls, as in the first embodiment, the contactor 61 with the time delay t ₂ via the line 60, and also a contactor 99 with the time delay t, via a line 100. The movable contact 62 of the contactor 61 with Delay controls the excitation of the contactor C via the conductor 63, the movable contact 64 of which connects the return rope winch 12 to the voltage source U via the line 65, so that the return rope 9 is unwound.

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The movable contact 101 of the contactor 99 with delay controls the excitation of the contactor Op ₅ via the line 102, the movable contact 103 of which connects the scraper winch 15 to the voltage source u via the line 104, so that the scrap rope 13 is unwound.

Therefore, if the microswitch of the overflight detector S mediates the shift collar 94 on the return rope 9 is closed, the safety contactor C is immediately for one

2 time period t, closed so that the shrink cable winch

· ■
driven in the same direction of rotation and the Schrappseil 13 is unwound during this time period t. At the same time, the microswitch S excites the contactor 61, whereby the contactor C »is switched on with a time delay t ₉ , during which the return rope winch 12 is kept at a standstill» after the time period t «has elapsed, the return rope winch 12 is put into operation and winds it Rückholsell 9 ab _o For this G-runäe, the second embodiment of the fourth G-runeschaltung (ligo 12) is equivalent to the first embodiment (! Figo 9) _s because the slialtsohüta 99 produces the same result with a delay as the microswitch of the reverse position detector R ₉ which is offset in position with respect to the microswitch of the overflight detector S "

The fifth basic circuit shown in Eig, 13 differs differs from that in Eigo 10 in that the winds with different Delays controlled weränenj, waa turn allows the contents of the scraper 10 without braking of the return rope 9 to tilt. '~ -'

Here, too, the material detector DM and the microswitches of the supply detector ST are again present, by means of which the contactors 70 and 72 of the logic control L _{1 are} controlled. In this case, the microswitch is actuated by the shift collar 94 of the return rope. Of the

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Conductor 75 »on which the movable contacts 73 and 74 are connected in friction, is used to apply the control voltage u not only to the excitation winding of the contactor 76 with switching delay t ^, but also that of a contactor 105 with the delay time tj- ° The movable Contact 77 of Schaltschütses 76 connects via line 78 to Schaltschiitz C ₂ , whose movable contact 80 applies the supply voltage U via conductor 82 to the shrink cable winch 15, which unwinds the shrink cable 13, while the moving contact 106 of the contactor 105 over independently the conductor 107 switches _{on the contactor C 5} , the movable contact 81 of which applies the supply voltage U via the line 83 to the return cable winch 12, which winds the return cable 9.

The retrieval rope therefore exercises on the front scraper end a pull, which corresponds to the loosening of the scraper rope, so that the scraper is in the Hahe of the point s the circulation path is emptied 6

This design is of course also suitable for the first embodiment (FIG. 10) when the return cable winch 12 is not provided with a "braking device.

The sixth basic circuit corresponds to that of FIG. 11, with the exception that the microswitch of the supply detector ST through the switching collar 94 of the return rope 9, and the microswitch of the extension detector A is actuated by the lever, which in turn is activated by the stop 98 the shrink rope 13 is adjusted »

The invention is of course not limited to that shown here and described two exemplary embodiments and offers versatile further design

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opportunities. The control allows a fully automatic and appropriate operation of the scraper system, by, for example, trucks' in the outer areas of the fields unloaded aggregates depending of the material requirements of a downstream concrete production plant be formed into piles attached to the distribution tower.

309849/0527

Claims (14)

Patent claim, e Automatic scraper system, consisting of a distributor tower, from which walls extending in the radial direction and several fields predetermining extend, the tower having distributor boxes in the lower area of the fields and a rotating platform on which a cantilevered boom is attached, on which a first winch "windable" and connected to the rear end of a scraper return rope and a scraper rope that can be wound onto a second winch and connected to the front end of the scraper are guided, characterized by a position of the scraper (10) which is closest to the display of the highest and closest to the distribution tower (1) serving extension detector (A), which _{is coupled to a logic control (L 1} ) for scraping operation, which serves to immediately switch _{off a contactor (C 1} ) when the detector is actuated, which interrupts the rotation of the shrink cable winch (15) in the winding direction, as well as with Delay to switch on two contactors (C ^ ₉ CL), whereby j In each case the return cable winch (12) can be driven in the winding direction and the shrink cable winch (15) can be driven in the unwinding direction. 2. Scraper system according to claim 1, characterized by a braking shock detector (F) which is arranged somewhat further away from the distributor tower (1) than the extension detector (A) and serves to switch off a contactor (C ^) and thereby one with the return cable winch (12) to release the coupled braking device (24), the drum (11) of the return cable winch having a spiral groove with a decreasing winding diameter for the cable end section as an extension of a screw groove, which serves to improve the braking effect due to the resulting reduction in the moment of force, and that the logic control (L ₁ ) for scraping operation is further designed so that, when actuated by the extension detector (A), it switches on the contactor (C ₆ ) and thereby in turn actuates the braking device (24). 30984970527 3. Sehrapperanlage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, a material detector (DM) in each field on the Y Teilerturm (1) in the highest permissible Sohütthöhe a pile (31) and also a gate detector (ST), which is used to j are show the passage of the Schrappers (10) through a central area during the Schrappergangs provided, and ₍₁ L) coupled both detectors with the logic controller for Sehrappbetrieb in the manner _s that these only hot operation of both detectors responsive ist.und fall into this with Delay switches on the two contactors, by means of which the return cable winch. (12) can be driven in the unwinding direction and the Setirapp rope winch (15) can be driven in the unwinding direction. 4. scraper system according to claim 2 or 3s> characterized in that the logic control (L ^) for Sehrappbetrieb works with two different time constants ₉ v / which are so coordinated ₅ that the drive äer Eückholseilwinde in Aufwiekelsinn with a delay compared to the drive of the Schrappseilwinde im Unwinding takes place " 5. Sehrapperanlage according to any one of claims 1-4 ₉ .gekennzeichnet by a flyover detector (S) ₅ which serves to detect the passage of the Schrappers for recirculation thereof through the air space at a location at which the vertical downward movement is initiated, display _s and a rear switching device (R) _s where the over-wing detector with the logic control (L ^) for scraping operation in the. This is coupled so that this instantly switches off a contactor that triggers the standstill of the return cable winch and with a delay switches on a contactor that triggers the unwinding movement of the return cable winch, and that the rear switching device is coupled to a contactor and serves to switch it off; and thereby the shrink cable winch to a standstill bring to. 309849/0527 6. Scraper system after. Claim 5 _S characterized in that the overflight detector (S) is designed in such a way that it switches off a safety switch that triggers the actuation of the braking device (24) on the return cable winch (12), and the logic control serves to switch this contactor on and by releasing the braking device and switching on the return winch in the unwinding direction as soon as the scraper (10) has been passed over a wall (2). 7. scraper system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the rear switching _{device consists of a reverse position detector (R) 9} which serves to indicate a substantially vertical position of the scraper above the point at which the scraping process is to begin. 8. scraper system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the rear switching device consists of a contactor integrated into the logic control (L ^) for scraping operation with a delay ₉ which is used to connect the scraper cable winch (15) in the unwinding direction serving contactor ( Cp) from the moment in which the overflight detector is actuated, to hold ι in the switched-on position for a predetermined period of time, 9. scraper system according to one of claims 1 - Ö, characterized by one on the boom (5) and to display the untensioned state of the return rope (9) serving rope sag detector (L) ₅ which serves to connect the return winch in the unwinding direction to switch off the contactor (0.) and thereby interrupt the unwinding of the return rope (9), but this one unwinding under that exercised by the scraper (10). To allow tensile force, as well as to switch on another contactor (C ₁ ), through which the shrink cable winch (15) can be put into operation in the winding direction. 30 9 849/0527 10. scraper system according to claim 3, characterized by one between the overflight detector (S) and the brake shock detector (]?) Arranged slack display barrier detector (I) which is connected in series with the rope slack detector (L) and _v is used to actuate the latter only in the rear part of the scraping cycle 11. Scraper system according to one of claims 1 - 10, in which the rotating platform, which is coupled in a known manner with the drive motor and reduction gear, is rigidly connected to the movable member of a swivel position transmitter which, in cooperation with detector elements, displays the field over which the boom is located is located, and serves the radial wall to be overflown, characterized in that the detector elements are coupled to a logic control (Lp) for pivoting movements of the turntable (4) in such a way that it can only be pivoted if one of the two detector elements is at the same time as the extension detector (A) is actuated, or this is actuated simultaneously with the supply detector (ST) and the corresponding material detector (DM), which are dependent on the logic control (Lj) for scraping operation, and that the logic control (L ₂ ) for swiveling movements of the Turntable is designed in such a way that the drive motor with reduction gear (108) would be nd is switched on in one or the other direction of rotation for a predetermined period of time. 12. Sehrappefanlage according to claim 11, characterized in that the logic control (Ij?) For Sohwenkbewegung the stage in a known manner © in contactor with delay, which is used to switch on the contactor selected by the logic control during the delay time, so that the drive motor with reduction gear (108) is switched on in one direction or the other. 309849/0527 13. Schxapperanlage according to any one of claims 1 - 12, characterized characterized in that the brake shock detector (P) is the detector (I) used to avoid rope slack. and the overflight detector (S) each consist of a fixed microswitch that operates in a manner known per se is selectively actuatable by means of a movable cam (25), the cam by means of a kinematic motion transmission device (26, 27) is coupled to the return winch (12), as well as the extension detector (A), the supply detector (ST), the swivel release detector that can be actuated by the scraper (10) to drive over a radial wall (2) (AR) and the reverse detector (R) each consist of a fixed microswitch, which is in is known per se by means of a movable cam (28) can be selectively actuated, and the cam by means of a kinematic motion transmission device (29, 30) with the shrap rope winch (15) is coupled. 14. Scraper system according to one of claims 1 - 12, characterized in that the braking shock detector (i ¹ ), the rope slack detector (L), the Überflugäetektor (S) and the supply detector (ST) each consist of a stationary on the boom (5) There are microswitches, which can be operated selectively by means of a switching collar (94) firmly connected to the return rope (9), and the extension detector (A) also consists of a microswitch which is fixed below the boom (5) and which is' by means of a fixed Shaft (96) pivotable concentrically to the drum (14) of the shrink cable winch (15) arched lever (95) can be actuated, which has a slot (97) through which the shrink cable (13) provided with a stop (98) is passed. 309849/0527