DE2316707A1 - HUMIDITY PLATE HEATER - Google Patents

HUMIDITY PLATE HEATER

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Publication number
DE2316707A1
DE2316707A1 DE2316707A DE2316707A DE2316707A1 DE 2316707 A1 DE2316707 A1 DE 2316707A1 DE 2316707 A DE2316707 A DE 2316707A DE 2316707 A DE2316707 A DE 2316707A DE 2316707 A1 DE2316707 A1 DE 2316707A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
plate heater
heating element
synthetic resin
heater
polyethylene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE2316707A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2316707C3 (en
DE2316707B2 (en
Inventor
Masaharu Fukushima
Yutaka Motokawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kureha Corp
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Kureha Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kureha Corp filed Critical Kureha Corp
Publication of DE2316707A1 publication Critical patent/DE2316707A1/en
Publication of DE2316707B2 publication Critical patent/DE2316707B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2316707C3 publication Critical patent/DE2316707C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0407—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body
    • A61B6/045—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body with heating or cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/30—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material on or between metallic plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/24—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Description

DR. E.WIEGAND DlPL-ING-W.NIEMANN 231670?DR. E. WIEGAND DIPL-ING-W.NIEMANN 231670?

DR. M. KÖHLER DIPL-ING. C. GERNHARDTDR. M. KÖHLER DIPL-ING. C. GERNHARDT

MÖNCHEN HAMBURGMÖNCHEN HAMBURG

telefon= 395314 2000 HAMBURG 50, 2 .. April 1973phone = 395314 2000 HAMBURG 50, April 2nd, 1973

TELEGRAMME: KARPATENT KDNIGSTRASSETELEGRAMS: KARPATENT KDNIGSTRASSE

W. 25769/73 8/VoW. 25769/73 8 / Vo

Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Tokio (Japan)Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Tokyo (Japan)

Feuchtxgkexts fester PlattenerhitzerFeuchtxgkexts solid plate heater

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Plattenerhitzer zur Verwendung in Wasser oder in feuchter Umgebung und insbesondere in einem Fischbassin für die Fischkultur.The invention relates to a plate heater for use in water or in a humid environment and especially in a fish basin for fish culture.

Ein für solche Zwecke bestimmter Plattenerhitzer muß eine Anzahl von Forderungen erfüllen, unter denen folgende zu nennen sind:A plate heater designed for such purposes must meet a number of requirements, among which the following are to be mentioned:

1. Er soll eine Ausgangsleistung haben, das einer besonderen Größe des Wasserbassins angepaßt ist, und er soll frei von Stromlecken sein.1. He should have an output power that is adapted to a particular size of the water basin, and he should be free from current leaks.

2. Seine Oberflächentemperatur soll nicht zu hoch sein (Wattdichte).2. Its surface temperature should not be too high (watt density).

3. Er soll von See- bzw. Salzwasser nicht korrodiert werden.3. It should not be corroded by sea or salt water will.

4. Es soll im Laufe der Zeit keine Änderung4. There should be no change over time

in Widerstand des Heizelementes auftreten, und das Heizert ro".., ί,:.ηβ konstante Wärme erzeugen.occur in resistance of the heating element, and the heater ro ".., ί,:. ηβ generate constant heat.

303844/0Ö21303844 / 0Ö21

5. Die äußere Hülle des Erhitzers soll in Luft nicht verbrannt werden. .5. The outer shell of the heater should be in air not be burned. .

6* Die Größe des Erhitzers soll mäßig sein, und der Erhitzer soll leicht aus dem Wasser herausziehbar sein. '6 * The size of the heater should be moderate, and the heater should be easy to pull out of the water. '

Ein herkömmlicher Unterwassererhitzer, dessen Oberfläche aus Metall besteht, hat eine hohe Wattdichte und eine Oberflächentemperätur von mehr als 2oo 0C, und sein Temperaturgradient ist in einem Wasserbassin steil. Daher ist er für die Fischkultur ungeeignet. Außerdem wird der metallene Oberflächenüberzug in einem Bassin für Seefisch besonders stark korrodiert, so daß der Erhitzer nur während einer kürzen Zeitdauer verwendet werden kann.A conventional Unterwassererhitzer whose surface is made of metal, has a high watt density and Oberflächentemperätur of more than 2oo 0 C, and its temperature gradient is steep in a water basin. Therefore it is unsuitable for fish culture. In addition, the metal surface coating in a sea fish basin is particularly badly corroded, so that the heater can only be used for a short period of time.

Zuweilen werden als Erhitzer für ein Fischbassin im Handel erhältliche Drähte verwendet, die mit einem Vinylharz überzogen sind. Offiziell sollen die äußeren Oberzüge von Unterwassererhitzern frei von Verbrennung sein, wenn sie in Luft einer Standardspannung unterworfen werden, jedoch werden sie geschmolzen* wenn sie in Luft getestet wird. Um ein Schmelzen zu verhindern, ist es notwendig, ihren Widerstand auf etwa das Vierfache zu erhöhen, jedoch werden in diesem Fall die Drähte voluminös und zur praktischen Verwendung ungeeignet»Sometimes commercially available wires are used as a heater for a fish basin, which are connected to a Are coated with vinyl resin. Officially, the outer Underwater heater covers will be free from combustion when subjected to standard stress in air, but will melt * when in Air is tested. To prevent melting it is necessary to increase its resistance to about four times increase, but in this case the wires become bulky and unsuitable for practical use »

Andererseits weisen die herkömmlichen Plattenerhitzerj die auf beiden Seiten mit aufgebrachten Schich*- ten von Kunstharzfilmen versehen sind, den Nachteil auf, daß der Widerstand des Heizelementes zufolge des Einflusses von Feuchtigkeit, die im Laufe der Zeit durch die Filme hindurchdringt, erhöht wird- und daß eine Verminderung der Ausgangsleistung nicht vermieden werden kaiin.On the other hand, the conventional plate heaters have the layers applied on both sides * - th of synthetic resin films have the disadvantage that that the resistance of the heating element results from the influence of moisture, which over time through the Films penetrates is increased - and that a decrease the output power can not be avoided kaiin.

Ferner ergibt sich, daß, wenn ein im Wasser befindlicher Erhitzer dieser Art an eine Wechselstromquelle; angeschlossen wird, die auf dem Erdboden stehende Person einenIt also shows that if one is in the water This type of heater connected to an alternating current source; connected the person standing on the ground becomes one

309844/0821309844/0821

Leckstrom fühlt, wenn sie ihre Hand in das Wasser hält» während dieser Leckstrom die in dem Bassin befindlichen Fische nicht beeinflußt.Leak current feels when she puts her hand in the water, while this leak current is felt by those in the basin Fish not affected.

Gemäß den Sicherheitsvorschriften soll der Leckstrom kleiner als 1 mA sein. Experimente zeigen, daß zum Einstellen des Leckstroms auf einen Wert unter 1 mA der maximale Oberflächenbereich des PlattenerhitzersAccording to the safety regulations, the leakage current should be less than 1 mA. Experiments show that to adjust the leakage current to a value below 1 mA the maximum surface area of the plate heater

auf 7oo cm beschränkt sein soll, und daß seine Ausgangsleistung so eingestellt werden soll, daß sie weniger als IAo W beträgt. Mit einem solchen Plattenerhitzer ist es nicht möglich» ein Wasserbassin mit einem Fassungsvermögen von 3oo bis 5oo 1 auf einer mäßigen Temperatur von 25 bis 28°C zu halten.should be limited to 700 cm and that its output should be adjusted to be less than IAo W is. With such a plate heater it is not possible to create a water basin with a capacity from 3oo to 5oo 1 to keep at a moderate temperature of 25 to 28 ° C.

Die vorliegende Erfindung sieht einen Plattenerhitzer vor, der ein kohlefaserhaltiges Papier als Heizelement enthält und als Unterwassererhitzer frei von den oben genannten Mangeln ist.The present invention provides a plate heater which uses carbon fiber paper as a heating element contains and, as an underwater heater, is free from the deficiencies mentioned above.

Der Hauptzweck der Erfindung besteht darin, einen Unterwassererhitzer zu schaffen, der ein Bassin zur Seefischkultur auf einer mäßigen Temperatur halten kann, sicher ist und während langer Zeitperioden verwendbar ist und bei dem das Stromlecken durch Einschluß einer Aluminiumfolie in den Plattenerhitzer herlJl/setzt.und eine Änderung des Widerstandes des Heizelementes im Laufe der* Zeit verhindert ist.The main purpose of the invention is to provide an underwater heater that can be used as a basin for sea fish culture can keep at a moderate temperature, is safe and can be used for long periods of time and in which the current leakage is caused by the inclusion of an aluminum foil in the plate heater and a change the resistance of the heating element during the * Time is prevented.

Ein weiterer Zweck der Erfindung besteht darin, das Stromlecken an dem stromführenden Teil eines Plattenerhitzers zu verhindern.Another purpose of the invention is to reduce current leakage at the current carrying part of a plate heater to prevent.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example.

Fig. 1 ist eine Draufsicht, welche die Ausbildung eines feuchtigkeitsfesten Plattenerhitzers gemäß der Erfindung widergibt.Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the construction of a moisture-proof plate heater according to the invention reflects.

309844/0827309844/0827

- it -- it -

Fig. 2 ist eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht:Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view:

eines Teiles des Plattenerhitzerspart of the plate heater

gemäß Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 ist eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsichtaccording to FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned plan view

eines stromführenden Teils des Plattenerhitzersa live part of the plate heater

gemäß der Erfindung.according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 und 2 ist ein Plattenerhitzer wiedergegeben, der folgende Teile aufweist: ein Heizelement 1» aus einem Kunstharz, wie Polyäthylen, bestehende Schichten 2 und 2f, Aluminiuinfoliei|3 und 31, aus dem vorgenannten Kunstharz bestehende Schichten M und M1, aus einem Kunstharz , wie einem Polyester» bestehnde äußere Schichten 5 und 5* , Elektroden G und'6* und leitende Drähte 7 und 7*. für die Zufuhr von Elektrizität. .In Fig. 1 and 2 is shown a plate heater which has the following parts: a heating element 1 "from a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, existing layers 2 and 2 f, Aluminiuinfoliei | 3 and 3 1, consisting of the above-mentioned synthetic resin layers M and M 1 , outer layers 5 and 5 * composed of a synthetic resin such as polyester, electrodes G and 6 *, and conductive wires 7 and 7 *. for the supply of electricity. .

Insbesondere werden auf die beiden Oberflächen des Heizelementes 1, das aus einem Blatt kohlefaserhaltigen Papiers und den Elektroden 5 und 6f besteht» die beispielsweise aus einer Kupferdrahtgaze hergestellt und mit den ' beiden Enden des Papierblattes verbunden sind, zuerst die Kunstharzschichten 2 und 2* aufgebracht. Dann werden auf die Oberflächen der beiden Harzschichten die Äluminiumfolien 3 und 3* aufgebracht. Ferner werden auf die Oberflächen der beiden Almainiumfolien ± die aus Kunstharz» wie Polyäthylen, bestehenden Schichten t und M^r aufgebracht und nachfolgend werden die aus Kunstharz, wie einem Polyester, bestehenden äußeren Schichten 5 und 5* aufgebracht. Das Heizelement 1 kann dadurch erhitzt werden, oa& Elektrizität über die. Elektroden 6 und 61 zugeführt wird. / Wenn der Plattenerhitzer in Wasser oder in einer feuchten Umgebung verwendet wird, ist es beispielsweise notwendig, Vorkehrungen zu treffen, die an den zu dem Heizelement führenden Anschlüssen ein Stromlecken in das Wasser bzw. in die feuchte Umgebung verhindern.In particular, the heating element 1, the carbon fiber-containing of a sheet of paper and the electrodes 5 and 6, f the two surfaces "which for example are made of a Kupferdrahtgaze and connected to the 'two ends of the paper sheet, first, the resin layers 2 and 2 * applied . Then the aluminum foils 3 and 3 * are applied to the surfaces of the two resin layers. Further, the two Almainiumfolien be on the surfaces of the resin ± "such as polyethylene, existing layers t ^ r and M are applied and the applied synthetic resin such as a polyester, existing outer layers 5 and 5 * below. The heating element 1 can be heated by oa & electricity via the. Electrodes 6 and 6 1 is supplied. / If the plate heater is used in water or in a humid environment, it is necessary, for example, to take precautions to prevent current leakage into the water or the humid environment at the connections leading to the heating element.

309844/0827309844/0827

Wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, ist eine Verlängerung der Elektrode 6 des Plattenerhitzers mit einem Kern Io eines außen isolierten Leiters verlötet, und eine aus Polyäthylen bestehende Isolierschicht 11 des Leiters ist durch Heißpressen auf die Polyäthylenschicht aufgebracht, die eine Zwischenschicht des Kunstharzteiles des vorgenannten Heizelementes bildet. Dann wird ein Teil einer aus Polyvinylchlorid bestehenden Hülle 8 des Leiters mit der Kante 12 des aufgebrachten Kunstharzes in Berührung gebracht, wonach beide in Berührung miteinander in einen Stoff, wie z. B. Filz oder Flanell, eingewickelt werden, der mit einem Epoxyharz imprägniert ist,und durch Härten des Epoxyharzes werden die Anschlußteile des Plattenerhitzers geschaffen.As shown in Fig. 3, an extension of the electrode 6 of the plate heater with a core Io is one externally insulated conductor soldered, and an existing polyethylene insulating layer 11 of the conductor is by hot pressing applied to the polyethylene layer, which is an intermediate layer of the synthetic resin part of the aforementioned heating element forms. Then part of a polyvinyl chloride sheath 8 of the conductor with the edge 12 of the applied Synthetic resin brought into contact, after which both in contact with each other in a substance, such as. B. felt or Flannel, which is impregnated with an epoxy resin, and by curing the epoxy resin, the Connection parts of the plate heater created.

Bei dieser Ausführung dient die Undurchlässigkeit der Aluminiumfolien dazu, eine Zunahme des Widerstandes des kohlefaserhaltigen Papiers und damit eine Herabsetzung der Ausgangsleistung zu verhindern. Ferner trägt das Vorhandensein der Aluminiumfolien dazu bei, den Leckstrom auf etwa 1/3 zu vermindern, im Vergleich mit einem Plattenerhitzer, der keine Aluminiumfolien enthält« Auf diese Weise kann der Oberflächenbereich des Plattenerhitzers auf etwa das Dreifache erhöht werden.In this design, the impermeability of the aluminum foils serves to increase the resistance of the carbon-fiber-containing paper and thus a reduction in output power. Furthermore, the presence contributes the aluminum foils help to reduce the leakage current to about 1/3 compared to a plate heater, which does not contain aluminum foils «In this way, the surface area of the plate heater can be reduced to about Be increased threefold.

Der Plattenerhitzer gemäS der Erfindung liefert eine für ein gegebenes Fischkulturbassin geeignete Ausgangsleistung, und er ist frei von Stromlecken und Korrosion durch See- oder Salzwasser.The plate heater according to the invention provides has an output suitable for a given fish culture basin, and is free from current leakage and corrosion by sea or salt water.

Es ist auch möglich, Änderungen des Widerstandes des Heizelementes im Laufe der Zeit sowie ein Verbrennen der äußeren Schichten während der Wärmeerzeugung in Luft zu verhindern- Der Plattenerhitzer gemäß der Erfindung ist biegsam und kann in irgendeine gewünschte Gestalt geformt werden. Übeixlies kann auf Grund seiner geeigneten Oberflächentemperatur ein zvzeckents ρ rech ender Temperaturgradient in dem Fischbassin geschaffen werden. Daher kann der Plattenerhitzer gemäß der Erfindung nicht nur in Wasser sondern auch in einer feuchten Umgebung sicherund wirksam.verwendet werden.It is also possible to change the resistance of the Heating element over time as well as a burning of the outer layers during the heat generation in the air. The plate heater according to the invention is flexible and can be molded into any desired shape. Due to its suitable surface temperature, Übeixlies can a zvzeckents ρ calculating temperature gradient in the Fish basin to be created. Therefore, the plate heater according to the invention can be used not only in water but also in a can be used safely and effectively in a damp environment.

309844/0827309844/0827

Claims (3)

PatentansprücheClaims Feuchtigkeitsfester Plattenerhitzer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er ein Heizelement enthält, das; aus einem Blatt kohlefaserhaltigen Papiers und au dee beiden Enden des Papiers vorgesehenen Elektroden besteht, und daß auf beide Oberflächen des Heizelementes Schichten aus einem Kunstharz und über diesen Aluminiianfolien aufgebracht sind und auf die Oberflächen der AlraBiniraafolien Blätter aus einem Kunstharz aufgebrächt sind.Moisture-proof plate heater, thereby characterized in that it includes a heating element which; from a sheet of carbon fiber paper and au dee both Electrodes provided at the ends of the paper, and that on both surfaces of the heating element layers of a synthetic resin and applied over these aluminum foils and on the surfaces of the AlraBiniraa foils Sheets made of a synthetic resin are applied. 2. Feuchtxgkeitsfester Plattenerhitzer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er ein Heizelement enthält, das aus einem Blatt kohlefaserhaltigen Papiers und an beiden Enden des Papiers vorgesehenen Elektroden besteht^, und daß auf beide Oberflächen des Heizelementes Schichten aus Polyäthylen und über diesen Aluminiumfolie^ aufgebracht sind-und auf die Oberflächen dieser Aluminiumfolie!! Polyäthylenschichten und über diesen Blätter aus einem Polyester aufgebracht sind.2. Moisture-proof plate heater, thereby characterized in that it contains a heating element that consists of a sheet of carbon fiber paper and on both ends of the paper provided electrodes ^, and that on both surfaces of the heating element layers of polyethylene and over this aluminum foil ^ applied are - and on the surfaces of this aluminum foil !! Polyethylene layers and over these sheets made of a polyester are upset. 3. Plattenerhitzer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein verlängerter Teil der Elektroden mit einem Kern eines isolierten Leiters verlötei: ists eine aus Polyäthylen bestehende Isolierschicht des Leiters mit einer* Polyäthylenschicht durch Anschmelzen verbunden ist, die j eine Zwischenschicht des Kunstharzteiles des Erhitzers bildet, und die Kante der äußeren Kunstharzschicht des Erhitzers und die Außenhülle des Leiters mittels eines Stoffs, wie Filz, gehalten sind^der mit einem Epoxyharz imprägniert ist, welches gehärtet ist.3. Plate heater according to claim 1, characterized in that an extended part of the electrodes is soldered to a core of an insulated conductor: s is a polyethylene insulating layer of the conductor with a * polyethylene layer is connected by melting, which j is an intermediate layer of the synthetic resin part of the heater forms, and the edge of the outer synthetic resin layer of the heater and the outer sheath of the conductor are held by means of a material, such as felt, which is impregnated with an epoxy resin which is hardened. H. Plattenerhitzer nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden aus einer Kupferdrahtgaze bestehen.H. Plate heater according to claim 3, characterized in that that the electrodes consist of a copper wire gauze. 309844/0827309844/0827
DE2316707A 1972-04-06 1973-04-04 Surface heating device with a Expired DE2316707C3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP47034698A JPS5110892B2 (en) 1972-04-06 1972-04-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2316707A1 true DE2316707A1 (en) 1973-10-31
DE2316707B2 DE2316707B2 (en) 1978-03-02
DE2316707C3 DE2316707C3 (en) 1978-10-26

Family

ID=12421573

Family Applications (1)

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DE2316707A Expired DE2316707C3 (en) 1972-04-06 1973-04-04 Surface heating device with a

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US (1) US3859504A (en)
JP (1) JPS5110892B2 (en)
DE (1) DE2316707C3 (en)
GB (1) GB1420812A (en)

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EP0188160A1 (en) * 1984-12-26 1986-07-23 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle De-icing device for a wing structure
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Cited By (10)

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DE3143520A1 (en) * 1981-11-03 1983-05-19 Gerhard 6971 Großrinderfeld Wenz Panel heating element
EP0176284A1 (en) * 1984-09-14 1986-04-02 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) Electrical contact between metals of different resistivities
EP0307007A2 (en) * 1984-09-14 1989-03-15 Raychem Corporation Making electrical contact between metals and resistive elements
EP0307007A3 (en) * 1984-09-14 1989-04-12 Raychem Corporation Making electrical contact between metals and resistive emaking electrical contact between metals and resistive elements lements
EP0188160A1 (en) * 1984-12-26 1986-07-23 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle De-icing device for a wing structure
FR2578377A1 (en) * 1984-12-26 1986-09-05 Aerospatiale HEATING ELEMENT FOR A DEFROSTING DEVICE OF A WING STRUCTURE, DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING SAME
US4737618A (en) * 1984-12-26 1988-04-12 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Heating element for a defrosting device for a wing structure, such a device and a process for obtaining same
EP2866345A1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2015-04-29 Thomas Reiter Panel heating element for heating photovoltaic panels
AT514977A1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2015-05-15 Reiter Thomas Mag Surface heating element for heating photovoltaic panels
AT514977B1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2016-01-15 Thomas Mag Reiter Surface heating element for heating photovoltaic panels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2316707C3 (en) 1978-10-26
DE2316707B2 (en) 1978-03-02
GB1420812A (en) 1976-01-14
JPS48101634A (en) 1973-12-21
JPS5110892B2 (en) 1976-04-07
US3859504A (en) 1975-01-07

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