DE2303828A1 - CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL - Google Patents

CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL

Info

Publication number
DE2303828A1
DE2303828A1 DE2303828A DE2303828A DE2303828A1 DE 2303828 A1 DE2303828 A1 DE 2303828A1 DE 2303828 A DE2303828 A DE 2303828A DE 2303828 A DE2303828 A DE 2303828A DE 2303828 A1 DE2303828 A1 DE 2303828A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
computer
data
output
computers
control method
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE2303828A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Ulrich Arnold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG filed Critical Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Priority to DE2303828A priority Critical patent/DE2303828A1/en
Priority to GB285274A priority patent/GB1444513A/en
Priority to CH96874A priority patent/CH591119A5/xx
Priority to IT19734/74A priority patent/IT1014538B/en
Priority to NL7401015A priority patent/NL7401015A/xx
Priority to JP49010298A priority patent/JPS49110248A/ja
Priority to ES422629A priority patent/ES422629A1/en
Priority to BE2053387A priority patent/BE810210R/en
Publication of DE2303828A1 publication Critical patent/DE2303828A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/0703—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
    • G06F11/0751—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy
    • G06F11/0763—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy by bit configuration check, e.g. of formats or tags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/30—Trackside multiple control systems, e.g. switch-over between different systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1629—Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/18—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/18—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits
    • G06F11/181—Eliminating the failing redundant component
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/18—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits
    • G06F11/182—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits based on mutual exchange of the output between redundant processing components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/18—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits
    • G06F11/187—Voting techniques
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multi Processors (AREA)
  • Hardware Redundancy (AREA)
  • Control By Computers (AREA)

Description

ü. Arnold - 1ü. Arnold - 1

Yerzeichnis der verwendeten BezeichnungenList of terms used

Bezugs- ITrsprungssprache: ÜbersetaungsReference source language: translation

zeichen:sign:

R1, R2, R3 RechnerR1, R2, R3 calculators

Α-Reg AusgaberegisterΑ-Reg output register

L12 Ms L32 leitungenL12 Ms L32 cables

T1, T2, ID3 DatentelegrammeT1, T2, ID3 data telegrams

Aus gäbe feldOut of field

409831/0553409831/0553

TlOTlO

Leer se iteBlank page

Claims (12)

U.Arnold - 1 /jT -1T-U. Arnold - 1 / jT -1T- PatentansprücheClaims Steuerverfahren zur ständigen Punktionskontrolle der Informationsverarbeitung und der Ausgabe von Datentelegrammen für Datenverarbeitungsanlagen, insbesondere für Prozeßrechnergesteuerte Eisenbahnsignalanlagen, mit drei parallel betriebenen Rechnern und mit Codesieherung der ausgegebenen Datentelegramme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Rechner (R1, R2, R3) jeweils ein eigenes Datentelegramm (T1, T2, T3) erarbeitet, daß ein Rechner (z.B. Rechner R1) als Ausgaberechner das selbst erarbeitete Datentelegramm (T1) mit dem von einem anderen Rechner (z.B. Rechner R2) als Vergleichsrechner erarbeiteten und zu einem besonderen Ausgabefeld (AF) des Ausgaberechners übertragenen Datentelegramm (T2) vergleicht und bei Übereinstimmung dieses Datentelegramm (T2) zu einem rechnerexternen Ausgaberegister (Α-Reg) überträgt, daß das im Ausgaberegister (Α-Reg) eingeschriebene Datentelegramm (T2) zu dem als Prüfleserechner arbeitenden Rechner (z.B. Rechner R3) zurückgelesen und mit dem dort erarbeiteten Datentelegramm (T3) verglichen wird, und daß bei Übereinstimmung die Aussendung des im Ausgaberegister (Α-Reg) stehenden Datentelegramms (12) freigegeben wird.Control method for the continuous puncture control of the information processing and the output of data telegrams for data processing systems, in particular for process computer-controlled railway signal systems, with three computers operated in parallel and with code extraction of the output data telegrams, characterized in that each computer (R1, R2, R3) has its own data telegram (T1 , T2, T3) works out that a computer (e.g. computer R1) as output computer the data telegram (T1) worked out by itself with the data telegram developed by another computer (e.g. computer R2) as a comparison computer and transmitted to a special output field (AF) of the output computer (T2) compares and, if this data telegram (T2) agrees, transmits to an external output register (Α-Reg) that the data telegram (T2) written in the output register (Α-Reg) is read back to the computer (e.g. computer R3) working as a test / read computer with the data compiled there telegram (T3) is compared, and that if they match, the transmission of the data telegram (12) in the output register (Α-Reg) is released. 2. Steuerverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei fehlender Übereinstimmung der vom Ausgaberechner und vom Vergleichsrechner erarbeiteten Datentelegramme (z.B. 11 und T2) vom Ausgaberechner (z.B.Ri) ermittelt wird, ob eines dieser Datentelegramme mit dem vom Prüfleserechner (z.B. R3) erarbeiteten Daten-2. Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that if there is a mismatch of the output computer and data telegrams generated by the comparison computer (e.g. 11 and T2) from the output computer (e.g. Ri) it is determined whether one of these data telegrams with the data generated by the test reader computer (e.g. R3) 18.12.1972December 18, 1972 Vl/Wa ./.Vl / Wa ./. 409831/0553409831/0553 Ü.Arnold - 1 / Ü.Arnold - 1 / telegramm (T3) übereinstimmt, und daß in diesem Pail das mit dem Datentelegramm (T3) des Prüfleserechners (z.B. R3) übereinstimmende Datentelegramm (T1 bzw. T2) zum Ausgaberegister (Α-Reg) übertragen wird,telegram (T3) and that in this Pail that with the data telegram (T3) of the test reader computer (e.g. R3) matching data telegram (T1 or T2) is transferred to the output register (Α-Reg), 3. Steuerverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei fehlender Übereinstimmung des vom Prüflesereohner (z.B. R3) erarbeiteten Datentelegramms (T3) mit dem rückgelesenen Datentelegramm (T2) ermittelt wird, ob das vom Prüfleserechner rückgelesene Datentelegramm (T2) mit dem vom Ausgaberechner oder vom Vergleichsrechner ursprünglich erarbeiteten und dem Prüfleserechner direkt übermittelten Datentelegramm (T1 bzw. T2) übereinstimmt, daß in diesem Pail das übereinstimmende Datentelegramm (T2) im Ausgaberegister (Α-Reg) zur Aussendung freigegeben wird.3. Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that if there is a mismatch from the test reader resident (e.g. R3) processed data telegram (T3) determined with the read back data telegram (T2) whether the data telegram read back by the test / read computer (T2) with the one originally worked out by the output computer or the comparison computer and the Test reader computer directly transmitted data telegram (T1 or T2) agrees that in this Pail the corresponding data telegram (T2) in the output register (Α-Reg) is released for transmission. 4. Steuerverfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei fehlender Übereinstimmung des rückgelesenen Datentelegramms (T2) sowohl mit einem der ursprünglich erarbeiteten und dem Prüfleserechner (R3) direkt mitgeteilten Datentelegramme (R1, R2) als auch mit dem von ihm selbst erarbeiteten Datentelegramm (T3) im Prüfleserechner ermittelt wird, ob Übereinstimmung zwischen dem vom Prüfleserechner (R3) erarbeiteten Datentelegramm (T3) un<i einem der ihm direkt übermittelten Datentelegramme (11 oder T2) der anderen Rechner besteht und daß dann dieses übereinstimmende Datentelegramm (T1 bzw. T2) ins Ausgaberegister (A-Reg) übertragen und erneut rückgelesen wird.4. Control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, if the read back data telegram (T2) does not match, both with one of the data telegrams (R1, R2) originally compiled and communicated directly to the test reading computer (R3) and with the data telegram compiled by itself ( T3) it is determined in the test reader computer whether there is a match between the data telegram (T3) and one of the directly transmitted data telegrams (11 or T2) from the other computers and that this matching data telegram (T1 or T2 ) is transferred to the output register (A-Reg) and read back again. 5. Steuerverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Störungsanzeige mit Alarm und Programmunterbrechung erfolgt, wenn keines der drei Datentelegramme mit einem der beiden anderen5. Control method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a fault display with Alarm and program interruption occur if none of the three data telegrams with one of the other two # der anderen Rechner /# the other computers / 409831/055 3409831/055 3 U. Arnold - 1 *r -VT- U. Arnold - 1 * r -VT- Datentelegraiiane bzw. mit dem rückgelesenen Datentelegramm übereinstimmt, wenn also mindestens zwei fehler in verschiedenen Rechnern gleichzeitig aufgetreten sind.Data telegrams or with the read back data telegram matches, i.e. if at least two errors occurred at the same time in different computers are. 6. Steuerverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rechner (R1, R2, R3) stets eine Abstimmung über die zu bearbeitenden Aufgaben (unter Einschluß der Bearbeitungsreihenfolge und der funktionsverteilung als Ausgaberechner, Vergleichsrechner und Prüfleserechner) vornehmen, wobei zunächst jeder Bechner für sich nach vorgegebenen Richtlinien eine Aufgabenbestimmung durchführt, dann durch Vergleich eine bei zwei Rechnern übereinstimmende AufgabenbeStimmung als verbindlich festgelegt wird und nur bei drei voneinander abweichenden Aufgabenbestimmungen anhand einer vorgegebenen Prioritätsfolge (z.B. R1, R2, R3) die Aufg^benbestimmung eines Rechners (z.B. R1) als verbindlich festgelegt wird,6. Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the computers (R1, R2, R3) always have a vote About the tasks to be processed (including the processing sequence and the distribution of functions as output calculator, comparison calculator and test reading calculator), with each calculator initially performs a task definition for itself according to given guidelines, then by comparing one at two computers matching task definition as is bindingly established and only in the case of three different task definitions based on one given priority order (e.g. R1, R2, R3) the Determination of the tasks of a computer (e.g. R1) as binding is determined 7. Steuerverfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einer Störung eines Rechners, z.B. bei wiederholt abweichenden Datentelegrammen eines Rechners von den stets miteinander übereinstimmenden Datentelegrammen der beiden anderen Rechner, selbsttätig vom Betrieb mit drei Rechnern auf einen Betrieb mit zwei Rechnern umgeschaltet wird, wobei einer der ungestörten Rechner zugleich die Funktion als Vergleichsrechner und als Prüfieserechner übernimmt, während der andere ungestörte Rechner nur die Punktion als Ausgaberechner übernimmt.7. Control method according to claim 6, characterized in that in the event of a malfunction of a computer, e.g. repeatedly deviating data telegrams from a computer from the always coinciding Data telegrams from the other two computers, automatically from operation with three computers to one operation it is switched with two computers, whereby one of the undisturbed computers also functions as a comparison computer and as the test computer, while the other undisturbed computer only does the puncture takes over as output computer. 8. Steuerverfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei wechselnder Verteilung des abweichenden Datentelegramms auf die drei Rechner durch wechselnde8. Control method according to claim 7, characterized in that that with changing distribution of the deviating data telegram to the three computers by changing 409831 /0553409831/0553 U. Arnold - 1U. Arnold - 1 Paarbildung unter den drei Rechnern zum Zweirechnerbetrieb ein ungestörtes Rechnerpaar ermittelt wird.Pair formation among the three computers for two-computer operation an undisturbed pair of computers is determined. 9. Steuerverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Freigabe der Aussendung des im Ausgaberegister (Α-Reg) stehenden Datentelegramnis durch ein Quittungszeichen vom Prüfleserechner zum Ausgaberechner erfolgt.9. Control method according to claim 1 or claim 7, characterized in that the release of the transmission of the data telegram in the output register (Α-Reg) by an acknowledgment character from the test reader computer to the output computer. 10. Steuerverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9» dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der dritte Rechner im Zweirechnerbetrieb mitläuft, so daß seine Datentelegramme zum Vergleich zur Verfugung stehen.10. Control method according to one of claims 7 to 9 »characterized in that the third computer in the Two-computer operation runs so that its data telegrams are available for comparison. 11. Steuerverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Oatentelegramm aus einem binären Codewort besteht, wobei jedes Bit zu einer anderen zu übertragenden Information gehört und eine für einen bestimmten Empfänger bestimmte Information durch Sammeln der an einer bestimmten Bitposition in aufeinanderfolgenden Codeworten vom Ausgaberegister abgegebenen Bit zusammengestellt wird.11. Control method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that each Oatentelegram from a binary code word, each bit belonging to a different piece of information to be transmitted and information intended for a particular receiver by collecting the information at a particular bit position in successive code words from the output register sent bit is compiled. 12. Steuerverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß regelmäßig Prüftelegramme erarbeitet und auf den im Normalbetrieb für den Datenaustausch vorgesehenen Leitungen vom Vergleichsrechner zum Ausgaberechner, vom Ausgaberechner zum Ausgaberegister und vom Ausgaberegister zum Prüfleserechner übertragen werden, daß der Prüfleserechner diese Prüftelegramme als solche erkennt und eine Aussendung der Prüftelegramme vom Ausgaberegister verhindert.12. Control method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that regularly check telegrams and on the lines provided for data exchange during normal operation from the comparison computer to the output computer, from the output computer to the output register and from the output register to the test / read computer are transmitted so that the test reader computer recognizes these test telegrams as such and a transmission which prevents test telegrams from the output register. 409831 /0553409831/0553
DE2303828A 1973-01-26 1973-01-26 CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL Pending DE2303828A1 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2303828A DE2303828A1 (en) 1973-01-26 1973-01-26 CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL
GB285274A GB1444513A (en) 1973-01-26 1974-01-22 Control method using computers operating in parallel
CH96874A CH591119A5 (en) 1973-01-26 1974-01-24
IT19734/74A IT1014538B (en) 1973-01-26 1974-01-24 CONTROL EQUIPMENT UTI LIZZANTE THREE CALCULATORS OPERATING IN PARALLEL PARTICULARLY FOR RAILWAY SIGNALING
NL7401015A NL7401015A (en) 1973-01-26 1974-01-25
JP49010298A JPS49110248A (en) 1973-01-26 1974-01-25
ES422629A ES422629A1 (en) 1973-01-26 1974-01-26 Control method using computers operating in parallel
BE2053387A BE810210R (en) 1973-01-26 1974-01-28 CIRCUIT FOR THE CONTINUOUS ERROR DETECTION IN A FORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2303828A DE2303828A1 (en) 1973-01-26 1973-01-26 CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2303828A1 true DE2303828A1 (en) 1974-08-01

Family

ID=5870051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2303828A Pending DE2303828A1 (en) 1973-01-26 1973-01-26 CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL

Country Status (8)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS49110248A (en)
BE (1) BE810210R (en)
CH (1) CH591119A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2303828A1 (en)
ES (1) ES422629A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1444513A (en)
IT (1) IT1014538B (en)
NL (1) NL7401015A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009355A1 (en) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-17 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart REDUNDANT COMPUTER SYSTEM
EP0059789A2 (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for testing the functions of a multi-computer system
EP0073602A2 (en) * 1981-08-20 1983-03-09 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Company Limited Combining replicated sub-system outputs
EP0077179A2 (en) * 1981-10-10 1983-04-20 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Company Limited Computer-based interlocking system
EP0120339A1 (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for reliable process control
WO1993020488A2 (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-10-14 The Dow Chemical Company Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
DE102005023296A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-16 Siemens Ag Train Control System
ITGE20110034A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-01 Automazione E Sicurezza Ferroviaria S R L SAFETY REPRESENTATION SYSTEM OF THE STATE OF EQUIPMENT OF A RAILWAY SIGNAL SYSTEM

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2019622B (en) * 1978-04-14 1982-04-07 Lucas Industries Ltd Digital computing apparatus
GB9205842D0 (en) * 1992-03-18 1992-04-29 Marconi Gec Ltd Distributed processor arrangement
JPH0760395B2 (en) * 1992-11-06 1995-06-28 日本電気株式会社 Fault tolerant computer system

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009355A1 (en) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-17 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart REDUNDANT COMPUTER SYSTEM
EP0059789A2 (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for testing the functions of a multi-computer system
EP0059789A3 (en) * 1981-03-09 1984-05-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for testing the functions of a multi-computer system
EP0073602A2 (en) * 1981-08-20 1983-03-09 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Company Limited Combining replicated sub-system outputs
EP0073602A3 (en) * 1981-08-20 1984-09-05 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Company Limited Combining replicated sub-system outputs
EP0077179A2 (en) * 1981-10-10 1983-04-20 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Company Limited Computer-based interlocking system
EP0077179A3 (en) * 1981-10-10 1984-08-08 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Company Limited Computer-based interlocking system
EP0120339A1 (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for reliable process control
WO1993020488A2 (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-10-14 The Dow Chemical Company Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
WO1993020488A3 (en) * 1992-03-31 1994-03-31 Dow Chemical Co Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
EP0869415A2 (en) * 1992-03-31 1998-10-07 The Dow Chemical Company Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
US5970226A (en) 1992-03-31 1999-10-19 The Dow Chemical Company Method of non-intrusive testing for a process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
EP0869415A3 (en) * 1992-03-31 1999-12-15 The Dow Chemical Company Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
US6061809A (en) 1992-03-31 2000-05-09 The Dow Chemical Company Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
DE102005023296A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-16 Siemens Ag Train Control System
DE102005023296B4 (en) * 2005-05-12 2007-07-12 Siemens Ag Train Control System
ITGE20110034A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-01 Automazione E Sicurezza Ferroviaria S R L SAFETY REPRESENTATION SYSTEM OF THE STATE OF EQUIPMENT OF A RAILWAY SIGNAL SYSTEM

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1444513A (en) 1976-08-04
BE810210R (en) 1974-07-29
CH591119A5 (en) 1977-09-15
IT1014538B (en) 1977-04-30
ES422629A1 (en) 1976-05-01
JPS49110248A (en) 1974-10-21
NL7401015A (en) 1974-07-30

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