DE2300975A1 - METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FABRICS FROM POLYAMIDES - Google Patents

Description

A3EC1O1O8 DT

Process for the production of threads from polyamides

A k ζ ο GmbH Wuppertal

The invention relates to a process for the production of threads from polyamides, in particular polyamides, which are at least 80% consist of polycaprolactam {nylon 6), after a spin-drawing process, the freshly spun threads in the still unstretched state with a spin finish consisting of an oil-in-water emulsion, be treated.

Methods of the type mentioned are known, for example from DT-OS 1.926.948. Under "spin-draw process" are processes to understand where thread-forming polymers are melted and extruded through one or more spinning orifices. After this When they cool below the melting temperature, the threads become continuous immediately, i.e. without any intermediate winding stretched. Only then is it wound up and, if necessary, after-treatment, e.g. texturing.

309829/106 0.

230097

- 2 - A3EC1O1O8 DT

Spin-drawing processes therefore differ from such processes: drive in which spinning and drawing are carried out in two different stages, and in which the threads first wound up in the unstretched state and then stretched in a separate operation. In these procedures separate spinning and drawing machines are required. In spinning frames, both work gears, spinning and drawing, are used carried out continuously on one and the same machine.

The spin-draw process has a number of advantages, but on the other hand it has filaments made by this process some unfavorable properties. For example, carpets made from spunbonded and then textured as usual Threads were produced, no uniform staining. In addition, the dyeability is according to known spin-drawing processes produced threads relatively low.

The inventive method aims to achieve the above Reduce disadvantages and the production of threads that meet today's quality requirements, according to a spin-draw process to enable.

The invention accordingly provides a method for Manufacture of filaments from polyamides consisting of at least 80% nylon 6 by melt spinning the polyamide and directly subsequent drawing of the threads formed, the threads in the still undrawn state with an oil-in-water existing spin finish are treated, characterized in that the spin finish 0.1 to 6 wt.% Benzyl alcohol contains.

309829/1060

- 3 - A3EC1O1O8 DT

Dye the threads produced by the method according to the invention more evenly and also show a higher affinity for colors. On the other hand, the addition of benzyl alcohol to spin finish without affecting other thread properties such as shrinkage, strength, elongation, bulk or size and intensity the ripple.

The method is particularly applicable to polyamides made from caprolactam, and also to copolyamides in addition to at least 80% caprolactam have up to 20% of another polyamide-forming component. - The polyamides can be the usual Contain additives such as matting agents, dyes, light stabilizers, etc. The effect of the spin finish Benzyl alcohol contained on the properties of the ■ spun-stretched threads is probably - at least partially one Influence on the crystalline structure of the threads. The crystal structures of nylon 6, the essential ones Influence on the thread properties are hexagonal * = (3 " Form and monoclinic «= cc form. The (X shape is more stable, so it seems desirable that the ratio of β -form:

OC form is as low as possible. Threads with a low β t OL ratio show good stability in heat treatments, for example when texturing and dyeing, while threads with a high p> ι OC ratio show differences in the conversion from the β> to the CX form in such heat treatments, which is noticeable, among other things, in an uneven streaky coloring of end products such as woven, knitted fabrics, carpets, etc.

A high ρ : CX ratio is found in particular in the case of spun-drawn threads. Because of the short time between the application of the spin finish and the drawing, the water contained in the finish cannot usually be used in sufficient quantities.

309829/106 0.

- Λ - A3EC1O1O8 DT

penetrate sufficient amount into the thread and accelerate the conversion of the ß- to the OC-form during the drawing. As a result, the conversion from the (2> - to the CX -form does not reach the desired extent, and the drawn ' thread accordingly has a relatively high ρ: oC ratio,

According to the method of the invention, one uses a Aqueous spin finish which, in addition to oils, contains 0.1 to% by weight of benzyl alcohol contains. . Benzyl alcohol surprisingly shows a strong accelerating effect with regard to the critical conversion the p> - into the OC form under the influence of water during spin drawing. This influencing the crystallinity leads to an improved stability of the drawn threads, which is particularly evident in subsequent texturing and Has a beneficial effect on dyeing treatments. The color uniformity and. The color intensity of the threads treated according to the invention is considerable improved.

The usual oil-in-water emulsions can be used as spin finish be used. However, it is important to ensure that the benzyl alcohol is added does not lead to a reduction in the stability of the aqueous emulsion. The benzyl alcohol can be the emulsion or are added to the oily components. These oily components can be made from a lubricant, a viscosity stabilizer, an emulsifier and an antistatic agent. The amounts of these compounds can be within the generally known limits vary, with the oily components totaling between 5 and 20% by weight in the aqueous emulsion. According to the invention these emulsions contain 0.1 to 6% by weight of benzyl alcohol. The upper limit is due to the solubility of the benzyl alcohol set in water or the emulsion.

309829 / 1Ό60

-'5 - A3EC1Q1OS DT

The application of the spin finish to the still unstretched Fade; n can be done according to known procedures, 2.13, by using a preparation roller ad, the like, VJie from the is to be derived from the above explanations, has the addition Benzyl alcohol has no effect if the preparation is applied after crosslinking. It was also found that not even a suspension of benzyl alcohol before spinning brings the desired success.

The method is explained in detail by means of examples;

1) Nylon 6 chips with a relative viscosity of 2.4 and a melting point of 220 ° are spun into threads with a total denier of 1160 dtex (68 individual threads). The spinning speed is 600 m / min and the draw ratio is 3.7. An oil-in-water emulsion with an addition of renzyl alcohol from 0 to 6% by weight is used as the spin finish. The spin finish is carried by means of a moistening godet on the not yet drawn v ^ den.

An aqueous emulsion was used as spin finish * det, which contained 8% by weight of oily Beatand parts. These are made up as follows:

77.3% butyl stearate (lubricant)

6.5% dioctyl sodium sulfo succinate (viscosity *

Stabilizer)

4.9 % polyether glycol (MW approx. 600) monolaurate

(EEiLi-IgCi ₁ gate)

8.7% Oley! Phosphate

2.6% KOIi (56% solution)

_r 6 - »

- 6. - A3EC1O1O8 DT

The relative viscosity was determined on a 1% strength Solution of the polyamide in 90% formic acid at 25 °.

Table I shows the properties of the pre-drawn filaments.

ο Tabel I. Titer
dt ex strength
g / dtex - Strain
% oa shrinkage
(H ₂ Q - 100 °> 1230 3.3 27 % Benzyl alcohol in
Preparation «thread * ¹ " 0.2 12th 1240 3.4 27 O 0.3 12th 1220 3.5 30th ι 0.4 16 1230 3.5 27 2 · 0.7 15th 1200 3.6 26th 3 15th 1230 3.5 27 4th 14th β

+ ■) Calculation based on the oil analysis.

The thread samples were then crimped, two threads being gathered together. " The physical data of the yarns, including the P to OC ratio, can be seen from Table II,

Table II

Naßkr / äuse - * - Kraus. Shrinkage. Titer firm. Elongation F

elbow (HpO - ■ dtex g / dtex%

% per cm 100 °) S.

l & 6.3 4 16 6.3 4 15 5.S. 4th 15 4.3 4 15 4.3 4 t7 4k7 3

286o 2.S m 52 2: 830 3.0 45 54 2890 3.0 4a 53 2910 3.0 ■ 47 37 2900 3.0 47 2S 25-3.O 2.9 49 · 25th

- 7 - A3EC1O1O8 DT

+) The value "F" gives the ratio of ß- tooC-Form im Thread on. "F" is determined from the X-ray diffraction diagrams and is defined as follows:

(002)

χ 100

I (020-220)
here mean:

I (002) = intensity of the 002 peak in a meri-

dial x-ray diffraction pattern

I (020-220) «Intensity of the 020-220 peak in one

Equatorial X-ray diffraction image.

F is not an absolute value for the ß> s OC ratio, however, a relative value which allows a comparison of the various samples.

The values in Tables I and II show that the benzyl alcohol has only a slight influence on shrinkage, strength, Has elongation, wet bulk and number of puckered arcs.

The puffed threads were made into a carpet, which was then dyed. The one containing a benzyl alcohol Filaments treated with spin finish showed greater color uniformity and deeper staining than those Compare according to the first sample (0% benzyl alcohol) . It was also found that the density of the threads with increasing proportion of benzyl alcohol in the spin finish increases.

309829/1060

-S- A3EC1O1O8 DT

2} As in Example 1, threads were spun and drawn generated, a spin finish with an addition of 4 wt.?; Benzyl alcohol was used. That Thread material consisted of a copolyamide of 80% caprolactam and 20% adipic acid-hexarcethylenediamine salt.

The threads showed none towards such / with which one A spin finish containing benzyl alcohol was used, a higher color affinity and better color uniformity on.

The drawn polyamide yarns were dyed using the customary dispersion dyeing techniques. The used Dyes were mixtures of "Disperse Blue 3", "Disperse Red 55" and "Disperse Yellow 3". The dye baths contained 0.15%, 0.25% and 0.81% of the named dyes.

309829/1060

Claims (1)

Claim Process for the production of threads from polyamides, which consist of at least 80% by weight of nylon 6 by Melt spinning of the polyamide and immediately subsequent drawing of the threads formed, the threads in treated in the still undrawn state with a spin finish consisting of an oil-in-water, thereby characterized in that the spin finish contains 0.1 to 6% by weight of benzyl alcohol. L_ 309829/106 0 '