DE2254828A1 - DEVICE FOR PROCESSING WASTE, IN PARTICULAR IN HOUSEHOLDS, RESTAURANTS AND HOSPITALS, SUCH AS BOTTLES, GLASSES, CANS, MUGS, CARTONS ETC. TOO MUELL - Google Patents

Description

"Device for processing, in particular in households, restaurants and hospitals collecting waste wwe bottles, glasses, cans, mugs, cardboard boxes etc. to garbage "The invention relates to an apparatus for processing in particular waste generated in households, restaurants and hospitals such as bottles, Glasses, cans, mugs, cardboard boxes, etc. to garbage.

Those in households, hospitals, hqtels, restaurants, large kitchens etc. required food and luxury items are increasingly in bottles, Glasses, cans, mugs, eartons, etc. are offered. The amount of garbage generated has increased enormously as a result and continues to increase significantly. The departure this bulky or voluminous waste and des.

other accumulating garbage is a considerable transport problem, since on the one hand, appropriately large containers must be provided for this purpose and on the other hand, the capacity the Müilwagen for the transport in the foreseeable future Time is no longer sufficient. In these bins the waste just gets loose, d. H. stacked with considerable gaps, so that their filling capacity is not optimal is exploited. The same applies to the transport rooms of the garbage trucks, as the garbage brought in must be emptied later, d. H. not also optimally compressed can be, so that an enormous transport space is required.

In addition to these transport problems, there are also considerable hygienic concerns. The garbage generated in households is first in the garbage can in the apartment filled, which are then emptied into garbage cans.

Because this emptying the trash can usually at intervals of a few Days, this has the consequence that bacterial cultures are grown in the garbage cans because in general the maintenance of the trash cans is poor and neglected he follows. In addition, there is the unpleasant smell of the garbage can, caused by the bacteria originates.

Plastic bags or newspaper to lay out can be trash cans Protect against visible contamination, but it is not possible to prevent the To prevent the accumulation and reproduction of bacteria. Also a daily emptying the rubbish bin can meet these hygienic requirements, which not only apply to households, but especially at restaurants, hospitals, etc. are not satisfy.

The invention is based on the object of creating a device On the one hand, a space-saving shredding and / or compacting of waste such as B.

of bottles, glasses, cans, cups; Cardboard boxes etc.

allowed to garbage, so that the capacity of the garbage cans or the car is better used for garbage collection and on the other hand the hygienic requirements is fair.

This object is achieved by a housing with a Filling opening for the waste, an organ arranged in it for shredding and / or compressing the waste and through one with the outlet opening of the housing releasably connected bag, which can be closed by a slider. By this arrangement of housing and bag is a two-chamber system that is used for Crushing and / or compressing and for collecting or storing rubbish serves. First of all, when the slide is open, food waste is fed through the filling opening filled into the bag Depending on the inventive design of the organ is the Then slide in the waste consisting of bottles, glasses, etc. placed in the housing, closed the filling opening and crushed the waste undjoder pressed together. If the device according to the invention is a printing press is formed, the slide is then pulled out again, whereby the The filling opening of the bag is released for the goods to be picked up. Is however if this organ is designed, for example, as a worm, the slide is only used to separate the two chambers formed in the time when the device is not is used and prevents the unimpeded access of air in particular to food waste in the bag.

After filling, the bags are removed from the outlet opening of the housing loosened, locked and stored.

Only trucks, i. H. no special vehicles (Garbage truck) required.

There are also no garbage cans. Are advantageous on the vertically arranged Housing attached to the side rails, between which the bag underneath the slide is attached. This results in a very simple and convenient handling the bag. To make things even easier, the housing can have a collar at the bottom for insertion into the open bag and have a quick release fastener, the Overlaps the edge of the bag. This makes an easy to manufacture and detachable one Connection between the device and the bag established.

The device advantageously has the edge of its filling opening overlapping and releasable cover in the manner of a bayonet lock. Through this the result is a safe and simple connection between the housing and the cover. In As a modification of this, the cover on the housing can be rotated or pivoted and at the same time be arranged lockable. These measures mean that the cover cannot be lost attached to the housing.

According to the invention, the filling opening can also be on the lateral surface of the housing and can be closed by means of a slide. The connection between the cover and the housing, for example by means of a swivel joint on the edge of the housing can be done depends on the Choice of the organ for crushing and / or Compressing the waste.

According to the invention, the organ can be comminuted and / or compressed the waste will be a sliding plunger that is in its upper end position is received by the cover so that it can be pivoted with it. These Embodiment of the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for Households, since they have smaller amounts of glasses, cans, etc. than z. B. in large kitchens. The pressure surface of the pressure piston advantageously has pressure cams au-f, so. that on filled bottles etc.

A high pressure can be exerted at certain points, which results in the crushing is funded significantly. The is used here and also during compression Slide as an abutment. It is then withdrawn so that it has the opening releases to the bag, which receives the shredded and compressed waste. The pressure piston on a rack guided through the cover is advantageous arranged, which is in engagement with a drive pinion mounted in the cover, which is in engagement with a disengageable lever. Through these measures can the pressure piston after disengaging the lever by means of the rack in its upper one Be pulled to the end position, pushed onto this after filling in the waste, then the lever is re-engaged, so that a cumbersome and annoying fiddling with the lever is avoided. For easy operation of the device can the pressure piston can also be arranged on a piston rod guided in the cover, on which cams are arranged above the lid, into which a pivotable in the lid mounted lever engages.

A particularly easy-to-use and simply designed device results according to the invention in that the pressure piston is guided on one in the cover Spindle is rotatably mounted.

The pressure piston is advantageous for use in large kitchens etc. arranged to be hydraulically displaceable, the cover having a valve for supplying a Hydraulic fluid in the space delimited by the inner wall of the cover and the pressure piston as well as an outlet valve for the hydraulic fluid. As a pressure fluid, for example pressurized tap water can be used, leaving only one connection is to be established between the pipe network and the supply valve. After opening the supply valve When the outlet valve is closed, water flows in above the pressure piston and leads this down on the waste to be shredded and compacted; To Closing the supply valve and opening the outlet valve can release the pressure piston Hand can be pulled into its upper end position. The piston is advantageous on one The piston rod guided through the cover is pretensioned by a compression spring arranged so that after opening the outlet valve, the pressure piston automatically in the upper position is pulled.

In a modification of this, an electric or an electric piston can be used for the pressure piston electrohydraulic drive may be provided, which drives the spindle or the rack of Plunger drives. The limit switch is activated after reaching a given. Maximum pressure switched off the drive, after which the pressure piston is pushed back into its upper end position by a spring.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the organ is for comminution and / or compressing the waste one arranged in the axial direction of the housing Auger, which the waste towards the bag by crushing and compressing transported, whereby the worm also has cutting edges on the lower face may have. If the housing is cylindrical, the screw tapers downwards off, with at least the last worm thread approximately corresponding to a diameter the inside diameter of the housing. This ensures that the actual The shredded waste is compressed directly in front of the outlet opening, so that the force to be applied to operate the device is as low as possible is. For the same purpose, the housing can move in the direction of the outlet opening taper conically, whereby the screw is cylindrical, it can also be the lower end of the screw be designed as an inwardly pointing cone with the lower housing wall the outlet opening is limited.

Are advantageous on the inner wall of the housing in the axial direction arranged running pressure strips, which by interaction with the rotating The screw causes the waste to be crushed or torn apart. at Devices for the household the worm is driven by means of a crank, while with larger devices such. B. for hospitals an electrical or electro-hydraulic Drive is provided.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the cover is as in one pivotable flap formed on its plane perpendicular to the container axis Inside has knife for pivoting into a grate arranged in the housing, on which the waste is placed. When the lid is swung in, the interaction of the knife and the grate cut the waste and through the column of the grate pressed into the bag. To prevent that during the For example, crushing glass splinters leave the housing through the individual opening can, the flap has fixedly arranged edges at its edges adjacent to the articulation Side parts and on the opposite edge a pivotably attached side part that overlap the edge of the filler opening. This eliminates any risk of injury safely avoided by glass splinters and the like jumping away.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the organ is for Shredding and / or compressing the waste one perpendicular to the housing axis rotatably arranged shaft with pressure or cutting cams, which in the slots of a Immerse the grate partially arranged in the lower housing. Through this measures a particularly low design of the device according to the invention is achieved. In an advantageous development, the cams are on or off. double-edged and on the shaft one behind the other in a plane or at an angle on its circumference staggered. -The double-edged training takes place in every direction of rotation the shaft shredding the waste, while due to the staggered arrangement the cam always requires the same amount of effort when rotating the shaft.

Other features and benefits. are based on exemplary embodiments explained in more detail in the drawing.

The figures show: FIG. 1a a device with a pressure piston; FIG. Fig. Ib a modification of the device according to FIG. 2a, b modifications of the cover attachment according to Fig. 1a or 2b; Fig. Da - d further examples for the guide and the drive of the plunger; 4 - 5b devices with a screw conveyor; Fig. 6 a side view of a device with arranged on the lid Knives, each working with a grate; 7 shows a section of the device 6 according to the line A-A; Fig. 8a is a side view of a device with a rotatable shaft with pressure resp.

Cutting cam; FIG. 8b shows a section of the device according to FIG. 8a according to line B-B.

In Fig. Ia an upright housing 1 has three rails 2 with feet 3, which form a tripod and the housing is spaced apart from one another Hold stand area 4. The housing has an outlet opening designed as a collar 5 for the processed waste, over which a bag 6 to hold the shredded and / or compressed waste with its filling opening and by means of a quick release 7 is attached. This clamps by means of its elastic Band 8 secures the bag on the waistband. Above the covenant are inside the case Guides 9a and 9b are arranged for a slide 10 which can be closed off the outlet opening. The guides are on opposite sides of the inner wall of the housing.

This has a side located between the rails Slot 11 through which the slide 10 designed as a longitudinal slide is inserted. will. The collar 5, which is molded onto the housing, is located below the slide the housing opening sits the cover 13, the by means of a hinge is pivotable about an axis perpendicular to the housing axis and opposite to the Hinge has a tab 25 which, after receiving a from the housing Pin 26 locked the cover and the housing together. Instead of the tab a cover can also be put on, which is located on the outside of the housing Cams protruding under locking the lid.

The cover has a central bore in which a toothed rack 16 is guided with attached pressure piston 17, the cross section of which corresponds to the cross section of the housing. The pressure piston also protrudes into the interior of the housing Pressure cam 18. The rack is in engagement with a drive pinion 19, the is seated on a shaft 21 which is rotatably mounted in the cover and actuated by a lever 20. The lever can be disengaged from the shaft by sliding it sideways Drive pinion are brought.

To illen the housing, the lever is first disengaged from brought the drive pinion, the rack by means of its handle 16 'in its upper End position pulled. It is then located inside the lid. This is raised and after filling in the waste placed on the opening and by means of the flap locked. Then the rack is pushed down and the lever with it brought back into engagement with the drive pinion. By operating the lever will the waste is crushed and compressed with the slide closed. Afterward the slide is pulled back so that the waste falls into the bag. After insertion With the slide the contents of the bag are secured against ingress of air.

In Fig. 1b the slide is around a pivot pin arranged in the housing 22 rotatably mounted in a plane perpendicular to the housing axis and as a plate 23 educated. When it is pivoted into the housing, the plate is received by guides 24.

In the area of the filling opening, the housing faces on the outside opposing eyes 12. The lid sits on the filling opening 13, the one the edge of the filler opening overlapping collar 14 with opposite, in the direction of the cover axis extending slots 15a, each in a section 15b running parallel to the lid edge. When putting on of.

Lid, the eyes are inserted into the slots and the lid then pivoted so that they are parallel to the lid edge in the sections snap into place. The plunger and bag are arranged in the same way as in Fig. 1a. The parts that correspond in both figures are given the same reference numerals Mistake.

In a modification of FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, according to FIG. 2 a, the cover 13 is around a pin 27 rotatably mounted. In the position shown he with a pipe section 28 against a pipe section 29 located on the housing, in a bolt 30 is used to lock the cover and housing.

In Fig. 2b the cover forms a unit with the housing. The single opening for the waste is arranged on the outer surface of the housing. She is through a longitudinal slide 31 can be closed, which is guided and mounted in rails 32.

In Fig. 3a, as in Fig. 2a, the pivotable and lockable Cover a spindle 33 guided by it, which is actuated by means of a handle 34 will. The pressure piston is rotatably connected to the spindle, so that it during the Actuation of the spindle does not perform any rotary movement.

In Fig. 3b, the pressure piston sits on a piston rod 35, on the Cams 36 projecting over the cover section are arranged. On the lid is a lever 37 is arranged, which can be inserted between the cams and in a vertical position Direction is pivotable.

According to FIG. 3c, the pressure piston can also be displaced by means of pressurized water take place via a line, not shown, via the valve 38 in the of the cover and the pressure piston limited space flows and when it is closed Valve 39 pushes the piston downward. After closing the valve 38 and opening the Valve 39, the pressure piston is pulled into its upper end position by the compression spring 41. The compression spring 41 sits on the section of the piston rod protruding over the cover and is supported on the one hand on the cover and on the other hand on one on the front side the disk 40 'attached to the piston rod.

In Fig. 3d the spindle of the plunger is with an electric or electrohydraulic drive 40 coupled, which after reaching an adjustable, the final pressure exerted by the pressure piston on the waste switches off automatically, whereby the pressure piston is brought back to its upper position.

The exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 3a to 3d match those not described or parts not shown correspond to those of FIGS. la and ib.

In Fig. 4, a cross member 42 is used in the outlet opening, while the filling opening is closed by means of a cover with a filling flap 43 is.

A worm 44 is rotatably mounted in the traverse and the cover. During operation, the slide closes the lower opening of the housing removed, which is not shown in the figure.

The housing has a cylindrical shape, while the worm gear at the end of the screw approximately an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the Housing has. Furthermore, there are cutting edges 46 on the lower end face of the worm and arranged on the inner wall of the housing in the axial direction pressure strips 47, the promote the shredding of the waste.

In Fig. 5a the housing 49 is conical and the screw 50 is cylindrical educated. At the lower end, the worm has a cone 51, which is connected to the inner wall of the housing the outlet opening is limited.

Pressure strips 47 are also arranged on the inner wall of the housing.

While. in Fig. 4 and 5a the screw is driven by hand, is in Fig. 5b the screw with an electric or electrohydraulic drive 52 coupled.

The bag for receiving the shredded waste is shown in Fig. 5a and 5b detachably attached in the same way as in FIG.

In Fig. 6, the cover is designed as a flap 56, which by means of a Hinge 54 is attached to the housing. The flap points towards the inside of the housing Knife 56 'which engage in grate 55 when the cover is pivoted in. the The flap has side parts fixedly arranged on its edges adjacent to the hinge 60 and 61 (Fig. 7), and opposite to the hinge a pivotally attached Side part 62.

In Fig. 8a, b, a grate 67 is arranged in the lower part of the housing. Above the grate, a shaft 64 is rotatably mounted horizontally, which by means of a Crank 65 is driven. A "f of the shaft are cams 66 arranged during shredded waste on the grate during the rotary motion and through the rust push them through, temporarily inserting them into the spaces between the ribs forming the grate immerse.

The cams are double-edged so that they are independent of the direction of rotation the shaft shred the waste. You are still on the perimeter of the wave arranged offset at the same angle, 80 that on the crank 65 essentially one consistent muscle strength is to be exercised.

By transporting the shredded and compacted garbage In bags, the sidewalks are no longer blocked by garbage cans, the attransport takes place noiselessly with considerably less personnel expenditure, and at the same time the capacity of the sports vehicles is better used without must have these special facilities.

Claims

Claims (25)

Device for processing, in particular in households, Waste generated in restaurants and hospitals such as bottles, glasses, cans, Cups, cardboard boxes, etc. to garbage, not shown by a housing (1) with a filling opening for the waste, an organ arranged in it for shredding and / or compressing the waste and by one with the outlet opening of the Housing detachably connected bag (6) which can be closed by a slide (10) is. - 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the side rails (2) are attached to the vertically arranged housing, between which the bag is releasably attached below the slide. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i ch n e t that the housing at the lower edge has a collar (5) for insertion into the open bag and a quick release fastener (7) that engages over the edge of the bag. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h a 'the edge of the filler opening overlapping and after Type of a quick release lockable lid (13). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h a rotatably or pivotably arranged on the housing and lockable lid. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the cover is hinged to the edge of the housing by means of a pivot pin (27) and is rotatable in the plane of the filling opening. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a -d u r c h g e k e n n n n e i n e t that the filling opening on the outer surface of the housing is arranged and can be closed by means of a slide (31). 8. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the organ is to be comminuted and / or Compressing the waste is a sliding pressure piston (17) in his upper end position is taken from the lid. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that the pressure surface of the pressure piston has pressure cams (18). 10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n shows that the pressure piston is on a rack guided through the cover (16) is arranged which meshes with a drive pinion (19) mounted in the cover stands, which with a disengageable lever (20) is engaged. 11. The device according to claim 8 or 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n shows that the pressure piston rests on a piston rod guided in the cover (35) is arranged, on which cams (36) are arranged above the lid, in which engages a lever (20) pivotably mounted in the cover. 12. The apparatus of claim 8 or 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n shows that the pressure piston is mounted on a spindle (33) guided in the cover is rotatably mounted. 13. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h -n e t that the pressure piston is hydraulically displaceable and the cover is a valve (38) for supplying a pressure fluid into the of the inner wall of the cover in the pressure piston limited space, as well as an outlet valve (38) Has. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, d a- d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the piston is on a guided through the lid under the bias a compression spring (41) standing piston rod is arranged. 15. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, g e k e n n n z e i c h n-e t by an electrical or electrohydraulic Drive (40) for the pressure piston. 16. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the organ for crushing and / or The waste is compressed by a screw arranged in the axial direction of the housing (44, 50) is. 17. The device according to claim 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the worm has cutting edges (46) on the lower end face. 18. The apparatus of claim 16 or 17, d a d u r c h g e k e n It should be noted that the housing is cylindrical and the screw is conical at the bottom runs out and at least the last screw thread one the inner diameter of the Housing has the appropriate diameter. 19. Device according to one or more of claims 16 to 18, as it is indicated that on the inner wall of the housing in the axial direction Directional pressure strips (47) are arranged. 20. Device according to one or more of claims 16, 17 or 19, d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h -n e t that the housing is in the direction tapers conically towards the outlet opening and the screw is cylindrical. 21. Device according to one or more of claims 16 to 20, characterized that the lower end of the screw is designed as an inwardly pointing cone (51) with the lower housing wall the outlet opening is limited. 22. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that the lid as in one to the container axis vertical-n plane pivotable flap (56) is formed on its inside Has knife (56 ') for pivoting into a grate (55-) arranged in the housing. 23. The device according to claim 22, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h- n e t that the flap is fixed at its edges adjacent to the hinge (54) arranged side parts (60, 61) and a pivotable on the opposite edge has attached side part (62) which overlap the edge of the filler opening. 24. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c. h n e t that the organ for crushing and / or Compression of the waste a rotatable perpendicular to the housing axis Shaft (64) with pressure or cutting cams (66) which is inserted into the slots of an im Immerse the grate (67) arranged in the lower part of the housing. 25. The device according to claim 24, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the cams are switched on or off are double-edged and on the shaft one behind the other in a plane or are arranged offset at an angle on its circumference.