DE2239794A1 - ELECTRON ORGAN - Google Patents

Description

Electrons

The invention relates to; © ine El®ktroaea «-Os = gel with Oisaer keyboard.

In the American patent application; Serial Ν® _β 1q2 8y4, registered on 2o. December 197o _{t describes} an »automatic» arpeggio system, which in a broad sense® already carries out arpeggio functions, playing the device in © ine® arpeggio module * ». For this, a Rampenspannusig is used to di © Tonausgangsgatter the electron organ scan in the upward direction and a triangular voltage SBUR scanning dee-up wait and see mode. The ramps or triangular voltage impulses must successively scan all possible tones that have been activated in the Blektronen-Orgol of the present system, ausätz Höh all Jane Tön · der 9ntepre «h®iiden nomenclatures, where ·! the "Znpul""j" but over all the other notes

.'Γ! J

must run off without activating it. In order to make this possible, a series of interconnected diodes is scanned by the Hainpen voltage, some of which belong to unresponsive notes, are short-circuited and the others are continuously open to the pushbutton switches being played. As a result, only the short-circuited diodes of the system are eliminated during a scanning process, i.e. upward and downward scanning, but if the scanning of non-short-circuited diodes sounds tones, if the Hampon voltage has scanned the last conductive diode upward, the scanning process can be reversed so as to scan the diodes in descending sense, or the ramp voltage may scan-up are switched according to a further and the drop of the ramp or triangular voltage then determines the tempo of the arpeggio.

However, this scanning system using diodes and using a ramp voltage has disadvantages. Therefore, in the present invention, the ramp voltage and the diode scanning system are replaced by an up-down asynchronous counter chain which works as a commutator. Some of the flip-flop modules, which belong to the non-activated tones and octave tones, are scanned so quickly that no tone is heard, whereas the actuated pushbutton switches are scanned slowly enough for each step that corresponding tones can be heard. The counter is constructed by flip-flops, having two operational states that depend on whether a push-button switch of the organ has been operated or not. In an operating state, the flip-flop works as a monostable flip-flop with an operating time of approximately 30 microseconds. If a pushbutton switch is operated, the associated flip-flop is goniuchted bistable and timed by a clock. The tempo of an arpeggio is therefore wildly controlled by setting the T frequency.

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Bio Eloktronon-Orgol contains an automatic system for spiolon dor organ in arpeggio and strum modua with oinotn up-down counters, which consists of a chain of flip-flops, which can be set individually in order to work monostable or bistable . Dosveitäron is a clock for timing the bistable stages, which are used in sequence as an open tone gate of a fixed duration. Those flip-flops that belong to the activated pushbutton switches of the organ and to the tones of the same nomenclature, but higher octaves, work bistable and controlled by the clock; Those flip-flops that belong to non-actuated pushbutton switches work as monostable flip-flops with a very short time constant of about Jo Mlkrοseconds, which is independent of the clock. Furthermore, control circuits are provided that allow different game modes or also scan modes of the present system? 1 «Normal mode, in which the notes sound as they are played; 2. Strum · mode, boi dom the tones that have been activated by the pushbutton switch (Ilroltt linientouort odor ab ^ orufon wonton, only gounlolt in olnor AtifwUrtaroihonfolgo! 3 "an arpeggio-modu", boi dem all tones of a given nomenclature included Jonor tones of the higher octaves of the same nomenclature by the operation of one or more of the key switches anftontouort Wordon been goepiolt only in oinor AufwUrts-Arpoegiofolge, and k. a step-up AbwUrts-Arpoggiomodüs in dom automatically jodom upward arpeggio a down -Arpeggio follows, which includes the tones that have been activated by means of the actuated pushbuttons. The downward arpeggio can be interrupted and the upward arpeggio can be started again by playing a note or notes during the downward arpeggio. 5. Is a multi -Tone mode, which can be used in conjunction with the aforementioned Strum mode or an Arpeggio mode, in which the operation of a switch

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while the sequence of a strum or arpeggio introduces an additional strum or arpeggio sequence. Since tones can also be inserted or subtracted in each up arpeggio, or added to or subtracted from or from any down arpoggio, complex arpeggio so from tones can be induced at the same time, namely in the multitone mode, obgloich nut run in dereolbon Riohtung at any time, the addition or subtraction.

The counter works asynchronously and is reversible. Furthermore , its counting direction can be reversed by appropriate control . Namely, the counting direction can Abwärtβ- a count upon actuation of any Sphaltere during Abwärt s are reversed count or, naohdem an upward counting is completed.

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Examples of the invention are shown in the drawing and described below. It shows ι

1 is a block diagram of a system for the automatic generation of arpeggios according to the present invention,

Fig. 2 shows a circuit for certain controls in the System according to Fig. I are used,

Figures 3a and 3b taken together, with Figure 3h below 3a follows to illustrate a circuit diagram a counter and control device for it, according to the block diagrams of Figures 1 and the Control circles of FIG. 2,

Fig k * is a logic circuit diagram of the Systens according to the figures 3 ^a "3h,

5 shows a tone flow diagram of a system according to ^{FIGS. 3 a} t 3b, '

6 shows a circuit diagram of an alternating pedal-controlled Timer, as it is in the system according to the »Figures 3a and 3h is used, and

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a system sur Vertnetdwrag vosa double Harmonics in up-down arpeggios.

1 shows push-button switches Io and denotes the corresponding notes Cp, CIS ", D ₂ , BIS ₂ ···" a control voltage on line 22 regardless of which switch or switches Io are switched on. If at least one switch is switched on, the voltage is given to successive readers to display and control the operation. The Au * l «e« r 13 is a multi-stage counter.

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Each pushbutton switch is assigned a signal gate, such as BB 23 for o2, 2k for ois 2, and each signal gate is connected to an audio signal source, eg 25 for ο 2, which generates a corresponding frequency and usually has a rectangular character. These signal gates or gates 23, 2k are all gates for briefly maintaining the signals in order to produce a piano staccato sitnulation. Long lasting piano effects are obtained by connecting a gate for long stretching of the signal in cascade with each gate for short maintenance, as described in the American patent application SN Io2 87 *.

All C switches of a manual are connected to a busbar 3o, all CIS switches to a busbar 31 and all D switches to a busbar 32 in each case via an insulation resistor Jk _{t and} so on for the other notes. There are therefore four sets of three rails per set, encompassing all octaves and all notes of each octave, each octave being divided into four sets of three adjacent notes per set, the number three having proven economical, but not in principle necessary is. . Only one set of Sohienen is shown in the drawing Fig 1 · Bs a C-rail is therefore intended result of all Cs, a CIS-Schlene, ¹ S lead to the all CIS and so on, which is specifically this Sohienen - beyond the switches - which are connected to the Eretach alters of the signal inputs, such as C 2, CIS 2, D 2. The outputs of the latter set are brought together to a common output 35 and the signal output of line 24b ends at tone gates 36, 37, 38, 39 and so on, all of which have a long retention capacity. The last-named four gates cover the first octave. However, each octave has its set of four tone gates. The drawing shows all twelve tone gates; However, to encompass an organ keyboard of 61 notes, 2o tone gates are required with the collective signal from the tone gate for the highest frequency, resulting from four signal inputs instead

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• dor gowiSimilar gobrltuohllchon three. All Tongatter doe Syotome führon scu olnor ßoinoinaruiion Snniisioleohiono 4o, dio ihroraoito ru oinom eoloktivon Tonfiltor 14 runs as aio in oloktronisolion organs (electronic organ ©) aind known * "The Flltor führon Ku Vornt / lrkorn 15 and then oh to Lnutoproohorsi X6, Dio Tone gate has been turned up or read in sequence by a subsequent reader 13, either according to the arpeggio mode of the system or according to the sow (etrun) mode, by which a guitar is simulated · reading off and v all activated Tongatter / ground through in FIG · I not inclined means being controlled simultaneously but Ausleser is designed so 'that only those Tongatter are having at its input an input signal "read out or scanned, and the other will be skipped"

The successive readout has a limited number of Read-out positions, especially 2o, where a read-out position is assigned to each tone gate 36, 37, etc. · Each read-out position is switched on or off according to a control voltage on each of the lines 4.5 »46, etc., each of a group of three pushbutton switches, such as B. from C 2, CIS and D, run. When a position is on, will

they are read out one after the other, if not »it is skipped, so that any requested note can be read out according to the row of notes, regardless of how arbitrarily these requested notes are arranged in the field of possible notes. The readout speed can be controlled arbitrarily will. This draw controls and brings about the arpeggiation.

The busbars 3o, 31 »32 are in octave sections Series diodes 51 and diodes 53 connected in parallel are divided. E.g. the C-bracket starts with the C 2 switch Io and leads

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A resistor 5o bu a series diode 51 polarized in the forward direction is connected to the C 3 switch, which leads one side sum C oil switch, etc. The anode of the diode 5 * is connected via a parallel JoIo Dloflo 53 with the Snmmoleohiono $ U · Jerlo series « fliodo lot with olnor parnllolon Dlodo voraohont dio AlIo with dorsolbon Sammolachlono $ k vorbundon are when the busbar $ k is at free potential (switch 12 switched off), then the parallel diodes 53 are currentless and the series diodes 51 are conductive and all notes are the same reward are then given up on the busbar 3o when they are above the note that has just been called up. However, when a note in the third octave is called, the diode $ 1 blocks the octave gates of the second octave due to its polarity.Therefore, all notes of a given nomenclature that have been called up by a push button switch will be for all octaves above this push button switch , blanked one after the other with this key switch, Jedooh no notes of this nomenclature are blanked in lower octaves ·

If the Knthodon of the parallolon Diodon 53 is set to ground potential through the switch, then no octaves are blanked that are higher or lower than the octave just played, since a series diode blocks the lower octaves and a parallel Dlodo dio hear octaves. Anyway, a Splolor oino rwoi octave mufaasondo string can be played and all the notes played can be heard together, either in piano mode, if called up, or one after the other in any of the remaining testicles, "up only" or ⁿ up-down " as usual, by means of suitable holders, which will be described later

Bs is obvious that separate controls are provided for each sepa- rate Sats of the three parallel diodes 53

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can and moreover that a successive selector for each signal gate, if necessary, can be provided instead every set of three. The present embodiment represents a compromise between cost and complexity and the amount of work determined by musical and economic realities.

In Fig. 2, reference numeral 71 denotes a flip-flop or a counting stage (of which there are twenty in the present invention), the flip-flop or counting stage having two operational states which depend on the position of the three pushbutton switches, which are connected to the stage (in the case of a twenty-fold flip-flop there are four switches) · Three signal inputs, denoted in FIG. 1 by 23, 2k and 24a, are illustrated in FIG. 2 by reference numeral 72 · Bs is necessary That each of the three notes control, on an OR basis, the state of the counter 71 so that any and every note called is sounded, but it is also necessary that if a lower octave is keyed, the signal gates of the higher octave just as the signal gate of the directly activated octave are also activated «^ © 1 © Circuits for the latter purpose are shown in FIG.

The signal inputs to tone gate 36 are from the three adjacent notes, such as C 2, CIS 2, and D 2, each sats of three notes in this system requiring a tone gate, except for the highest four notes which only require a single tone gate. '

The positive pole of a voltage source is connected to a line U, which leads via any one or more of the pushbutton switches Io, denoted by S 1, S 2, S 3, to the end point Jk and from there to the collector of the transistor Q. 1 of the flip-flop N, which is denoted by the reference numeral 7I « This transistor

- Io -

3 0 9809/08 0 9

- Io -

is normally running and Q 2 dos flip-flop 71 is normal where locked, lfonn applied to the collector of Q 1 voltage the flip-flop flips over and reacts as a bistable Flip flop. If none of the pushbutton switches is closed, the transistor Q 1 has a collector voltage and dl Stage works as a mono-stable building block with a tent constant of more than 30 microseconds.

The trigger input of flip-flop 71 is a right-hand pulse course, a work cycle, applied at point T and originating from the clock.

Before now further details of the circuit are described, are previously k the figures and be explained by 5, in which the logic of the present system is shown bezUglioh the control signals in Fig. K and the sound signals in Fig. 5. Reference numeral KS is a series of push-button switches ⁸ Jf * 13 to sp ⁵ 73 of an electronic organ.If you now consider the push-button switches & 13, - ^ lh and ^ 15, each leads over a line loo the gate voltage to a three-signal gate SG (23, 2k, 25a according to 1) relating to the three pushbutton switches which add the tone signal and allow it to pass through to the tone gate TO 1 via a single line, which is shown in FIG include, where SG 2o relates to the highest four pushbutton switches and SO 1 - SG 19 the three-way switches *

The audio signal paths are shown in FIG. Each tone gate is a linear gate of a known type and transmits, without intermediate modulation, one, two or three tone signals, corresponding to the key or keys that are pressed same nomenclature as shown by lines Io2 in Figure k . So initiates SO 1 SO 5 »which in turn SG 9 initi-

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tiiert, which in turn initiates SG 13, etc. The required circuits are shown in Fig. 1, the busbars 3o, 31 and 32 include. Any switch that is operated can so close the gates that allow the passage of all notes of the same Nomenclature in higher octaves are used according to the switch that is operated. Circuit details for this end are shown in FIG. The tone signals passed through the signal gates SG 1 to SG 2o become the tone gates NG forwarded to NG 2o

The outputs of the tone gates are tone signals which pass through the summing amplifier Io5 according to FIG. 5, each amplifier operating on two tone gates. The tone gates are normally open (non-conductive) and are closed by a signal on line 70 from the end point zero of the associated counting stage according to FIG. The opening time or conduction time of the Tongatter is an opening or Durchlaßschaltkreis IO7 of FIG. K controlled, which is then turned on whenever any associated key switches KS is geschlössen in response to a detector I08 for notes played, the playing of any note as perceives a voltage variation.

If one of the signal gates SG 1 - SG 2o always responds by playing one or more notes on the gate, a locking voltage is applied to the associated counting stage C 1 to C via a line kf> . Flop with only a short dwell time of a few microseconds when triggered is converted into a bistable flip-flop, which must be reset or time-controlled by a clock generator CL. The note detector I08 supplies a large number of signals over lines Ho at an interval of 20 microseconds from the first stage C 1 in order to generate a sampling cycle of the counter on line 111,

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oiner gloichepnnungeloitung, to initiate, to a control or start control circuit 112, which controls the voltage via a line tuns 113 forwards, which enables counter C 1 to answer the impulse on line 111. The latter works in such a way that, as soon as the counter starts, it can complete its ascending order (of interrogation) without Consideration of whether a new pushbutton has been pressed during the ascending sequence, in normal up arpeggio mode or Strum-Modua. The start control circuit 112 is therefore used to provide a Start the counter cycle again, e.g. when all control pushbuttons are open.

The time between the playing of the notes is fixed by means of a normally in rest position clock generator EL, which is switched on and niiBßesohnltet via a direct current signal on the line 115, the pay routine from the line Ho is supplied. Diosos Gleiohstf otnaignnl is the same as that passed to the start control circuit 112.

The counter C 1 - C 2o can count up and down, i.e. it is reversible according to the character of a control voltage which is supplied by means of the up-down flip-flop Ho. The busbar Ho passes a pulse to the flip-flop Ho when a Note is played so as to ensure that it is in the tilted state, whereby the counter chain is always up counts as soon as a key has been pressed.

A manual switch 12ο routes the signal from the last counter C 2o in the chain selectively to a line 121 or a line 123. If it is routed to line 121, a pulse is applied to the flip-flop 116 from the counter C 2o, which converts the entire counter chain into switches a downward-counting chain and at the same time transmits the information to the start control circuit 112 via the line 122, the next pulse from C 1, the termination

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of a down counting cycle, allowed (lon start control circuit to put in a state that the introduction of a new pulse from the line Ho in the counter chain at C 1 allows, creating a new sequence of an up count is initiated.

When the switch 12o is in its lower position, an output pulse from C 2o is generated via the line 120, indicating that the counting chain C 1 -C 20 has completed an up sequence, passed to control circuit 112 start and this immediately ready for a new upcounting sequence, starting at C 1, to be moved »

The undamped control circuit Io7 delivers over the line to a common gate 126 an undamped control signal « Gate 126 is activated by a voltage across line 127 triggered, which is connected to the busbar le> 5, the

a pulse is supplied because each Not® from the gates MS-1 ' until NG 2o is switched on by the counter chain C 1 - C So via

The present system has five operational states _t first normal, second strum (hammering) ₉ third arpeggio upwards, fourth arpeggio up and down and fifth multiple note

In the normal state, no arpeggio is desired, but the instrument responds to every pushbutton switch when it is activated. By means of the switch 13o, a minus 25 V voltage is logged to all counters together via the line 131. This transfers the counting stages to a state in which they are mainly pulse amplifiers. Therefore, every note played transmits a goal impulse from SG to C to a tone gate TG (whereby the deep-written η a typical level ®nu®nt®n) ₉ that this tone to a one-signal amplification a? io5 eoiaäfl Pig «5

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Tune 13 »1 ** and 15 passes" and the sound is heard · Another output of each TG-Gattar leads to a line IO5 FIG. k, which in turn leads to the common gate 126 that lets through DIO, jenigen tones, that have passed a tone filter.

When connected to the line 131, the clock CL emits a positive pulse to the counting stage through the switch 13o, whereby these, if bistable, are timed · The clock CL is normally in the rest position and begins its operation in response to a played note when DC voltage is supplied via line 115

The Strum mode is the same as the Arpeggio Up mode, only with the difference that only really played · Fetuses generate tones and notes of higher octaves do not sound · This mode therefore corresponds to a limited range arpeggio.

To illustrate what is happening, assume that two Notes are played simultaneously, one of the three-tone gate SG 1 u: * d encompassed the other by SG 2 · If both e.g. are encompassed by SG 1, they sound together and no Strum effect occurs. However, both gates are SG 1 and SG 2 activated, the detector emits a start pulse for C 1 for the notes played. C 1 and C 2 are in the bistabilon State flipped over lines U5 of SG 1 and SG 2, the clock CL starts to run and the up-down flip-flop 116 is placed in the up mode. Levels C 1 and C 2 then operate in succession under the control of the clock, whereby the gates TG 1 and TG 2 the tone signals of the series after let pass. The rest of the counter stages are not switched to the bistable state, which is why they do not respond to the clock generator CL and thus work as monostable circuits. The count then runs very quickly dl chain upwards,

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after it has passed C 1 and C 2 and when level C 2 ο v / ird is reached, a pulse is passed via line 123 to the start control circuit 112, which emits a -complete counting signal to i * counter stage C 1. If the two tones are suppressed, the icoin causes repeated strum. But if at least one of the activated switches drops out and is closed again, the detector generates signals for the played notes Io8, which repeat the sequence until the detector Io8 indicates that a switch has been triggered, regardless of whether other switches are triggered or not .

In the up arpeggio mode, the operation is the same as for Strum, the only difference being that every note played also addresses the gates SG of the associated octave notes at a distance upwards. When the switch D 2 is actuated, for example, the gates D 3 >> D k _t D 5 etc. are opened together with the gate D 2, just as if the switches D 3, Ok ₉ D 5 etc. had been activated themselves.

The C 1, C 5, C 9, C 13 etc. counter stages are then toggled into the bistable state and read out one after the other according to the clock CL. The readout speed is not influenced by the counter stages that are counted, since the reading time is short compared to the timing of the clock.

For up and down arpeggios, the output of C 2o, instead of stimulating the start control circuit 112 again as a condition for receiving a new tone, resets the up-down flip-flop 116, which puts all counter stages C 1 - C 2o in the downward -Counting mode offset. The start control circuit 112 will now be controlled by C 1 through line 135 in conjunction with the signal on line 122, so that the starting control is prepared for a new start signal as soon as one appears on line 111 and the down count will ver then by C 1 -

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Completely. However, it becomes a note during the downward arpeggio played, an impulse flips over the line Ho from the note detector I08 the up-down flip-flop Il6 in its flipped state. A new pulse cannot get to C 1 yet, but the count is now up and any bistable stages cause tones to sound. Whenever a new note is played, the flip-flop 116 is in the Tilted up state, if it is not already in this

Dor clock CL has a manually operated clock control loop l ^ o. However, the beat can be changed by moving the expression pedal oinor Orgol modified wordon, by an expansion controller 1 * »1. The latter leaves the clock as a puncture increase the volume according to the expression pedal.

The start control circuit 112 can be in two different states work. In a state C 1 it can prevent another impulse from being picked up after an arpeggio has started, until the control circuit 112 has been reset to the up arpeggio mode by a pulse on the line, or by oinon pulse on line 135 in connection with information on line 122 has been placed in up-down arpeggio mode. In this state, if an up arpeggio has started, it cannot be completed until it is completed to be changed. If, on the other hand, it is in the up-down arpeggio state and counting down, the operation is reversed a switch gate changes the direction of the arpeggio «, but has no effect on Cl.

In the ondoron Zuatnnd the start control circuit 112 C 1 does not prevent SEuuiitzlicho Impuluo from the Notonspieldotoktor Io8 Ubor the Loitung Ho and 111 gomäu Fig. K to receive. Therefore, every new note played, an impulse is given to C 1 and this can freely run down the counter chain. Because of this

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Condition of the start control circuit 112, parallel stages of the counter, which are in the bistable state due to the actuation of a switch, can be read out at the same time the counting sequence, if each bistable stage that is read out sounds the note or notes that are present at the corresponding signal gates SG through the associated tone gate TG, then parallel tones can be played and the combination of these tones, controlled by the operator. This effect is called multi. Sound effect, as a large number of parallel tones can be heard at the same time or several arpeggios can run at the same time. Whether the start control circuit 112 operates in the normal or in the multi-tone mode is determined by the control ikk .

In Fig. 5, the audio signal paths of the present invention are shown. The signal gates SG 1 - SG 2o receive signals from the sources 13 to 72, each gate comprising three notes of the tones or they are essentially Droler gates with a single output. This single output for each of the gates SG 1 to SG 2ο (SG 21 is only used for signal 73, whereby the output of SG 21 is combined with the output of SG 2o) is now led to the associated tone gate, so that twenty tone gates TG 1 - TG 2o are required.

Ten amplifiers Io5 conduct the output signals of the twenty tone gates to a structured timbre filter DF, since it is designed in a known manner and from which two groups of timbre signals are picked up, namely string tones on line 1 * 7 and blow tones on line 148. The tones of stringed instruments run to two piano tone filters, W "2 and # 3 of different tonal characteristics" - while the blown Tiino on the line IkQ asu a third piano filter

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• ί * / = 1 run. The outputs of the piano filters ήτ I ₁ $ Y 2, ~ λΨ 3 are combined in node 15o and routed via bread roll switch TB to volume control 151 and then to amplifier 15 and loudspeaker 16 of the organ according to FIG.

The blast tones on the line lU8 run to a harphone filter 152 and a harphone chord filter 153 · For the latter, the string tones are fed from the line 1 * »7} a banjo filter 15 *» is also arranged parallel to the filter 153. The output of the filter harp iat through line 155 ', the output of Pianofliters $ f 3 is connected via the joint 126 with Gattor dom output doe Gltnrronfiltors I56 and Hnrfonflltere 152 * Dor output dee Gitarronfliters 156 is connected directly to the output of Harfonfilters 152nd The common gate 126 generates a marking-Zupfeffekt at the moment of a guitar or harp sound * Dae common gate 126 is from the outputs of all Tongatter TG 1 TG 2o. K actuated via line IO5 of FIG and its opening time is controlled by the rail 125 . The audio filter system is known per se and does not form part of the present invention, for which reason specific circuit details are not shown.

The circuit details of the logic of FIG. K in FIG. 2 will now be explained. The reference number 2oo denotes a voltage source of 11.5 V positive direct voltage, which is _{routed in parallel to the three pushbutton switches SI 1} S 2 and S 3. The gates 72 are all made equal, so that need not be discussed only one of these "all gates receive their input signals via the line 2-ol in the form of positive Rocht · ockimpulson and the outputs of the three gates are via a common line 2o3 to a Tongatter 26 · performed angelogte The DC voltage is, when S 1 is closed, is supplied through a diode to charge a 2O4 "capacitor C 1 via" inen high resistance 2O6. Dl discharge of the capacitor 0 1

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takes place tintor Kontrollo dor Tonquollo, oinor high-speed oscillation

207 gooi ^ notor Froquonz for the distance required by the pushbutton switch S 1. The capacitor C 1 therefore changes its charge only slowly when the square wave oscillation 2o7 blocks the diode 2o8 in order to then discharge itself as quickly as the diode wonn

208 is polarized in the forward direction. The resulting signal on the Loltung 2o3 is marked with the reference number 2o9, a triangular oscillation.

Pan closure of the switch gate S 1 l ^ ogt a positive voltage across the diode 2Io and the line 211 to a gate of the appropriate designation, at a distance of an octave, etc. through all gates. For the direct voltage, applied by the pushbutton switch S 1, a voltage can also be applied which originates via the line 212 from a gate with the same nomenclature, but one octave lower. _y

In the Strum or normal play mode, it is desirable that the higher octaves not be raised when playing a lower octave note. In order to suppress the transmission of a signal on the line 211, a voltage of

- 4.5 V applied to point V, which poles the diode 213 positive and short-circuits the line 211. If any one or more of the three gates, here called signal gates, are excited via a pushbutton switch such as S 1 or via a lower octave switch via line 212, the gates transmit the DC voltage on line 7k to a counting flip-flop 71 of the counter chain 13, the DC voltage being applied to the collector of transistor Q 1, which has an emitter voltage of - ^, 5 V and whose base is connected to line 25o, which can either be connected to the clock CL or to a voltage source

- 25 V leads, corresponding to the position of switch 130 in Fig. K. If - 25 V are applied to Q 1, the transit gate Q 1 is blocked, whereby at the same time the base of Q 2 is equal to

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voltage from line 7 * "is applied, while one of the three Tongattor 72 switches is pressed and remains conductive and the emitter is at -, 5 V voltage." The input lines to the typical stage 71 are 116a and 117a designated. If the line 215-25 V is applied to the counter stage 71, it cannot count, which is used for all counting stages. But when a pushbutton switch is closed, the line fk carries a positive voltage to the base of Q 2, which generates a voltage jump at its collector, which in turn appears as a transition pulse at the base of the transistor 22o dos Tongatters 36, continuously because through the Transfer capacitor 221 · Since the transistor 22o is a PNP transistor, this transistor becomes conductive, whereby a current through the diode 222, 223 of the linear gate 22k via the resistors 225, 226, for example the size of 1 megohm. The linearity gate lot obonfalle is known. It is nornialerwoiso goaporrt and becomes conductive as a function of the Gegonstromos, which is fed via the anodes of the two diodes 222, 223. When transistor 22o is conductive, the capacitor CN is charged positively and begins to discharge immediately. At least one toilet charge flows off via the gate and switches it on. So there is an unloading path via the Diodo 227 to the collecting chion 228. The busbar 228 is held at a voltage that can be varied by a potentiometer 230 with a slip ring 229. One end 231 of the potentiometer 230 is connected to a positive voltage, originating from the note game detector connection S 1 (FIG. 3b), and the lower voltage end of the potentiometer 230 is connected to a voltage of - .5V. It follows from this that the - * », 5 V pre-block gate 22k via diode 227} However, if a note is played, the voltage at point 22 $ is triggered. The amount of discharge of the capacitor »CN is thus controlled in accordance with the position of the sliding contact 229, which creates a discharge path parallel to the gate 22k. For example, if the sliding contact is on a

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Position ontnprochond Io V, then koin Nobonschluss or koine UinloitiinfT is present and the gate has a long decay time, but if the voltage is - Ί.5 V, then the decay period is so very short. The output doa Tongatters 22k can have one or two odor droi Tiino ooin, corresponding to which switch gate S 1, S odor S 3 is goschlosson; If the gate is linear, no mutual modulation appears. It is theoretically possible that the system could be constructed with one, two, four or five signal gates per tone gate; the actual number of three means a compromise

If the clock is connected to point T, the counter is able to count and each stage functions as a bistable or monostable flip-flop, which depends on whether a voltage is supplied via line 7 ^ via one, two or all pushbutton switches 51 »52 or 53 is fed. If you now consider the ZJUilor flip-flop 71 gomaß Fig. 2, so is in the initial Ziuitnud in Jodor Stufo (koinor dor push-button switch iat aktiviort) dor tranaistor Q 1 loitond and transistor Q 2 gosporrt. The operation of the pushbutton switch and the consequent supply of voltage to the collocator of Q 1 does not change (lon state of the flip-flops, but converts the stage into biatablles flip-flop. Each stage is now either via the line 117a and II6a, which are connected to the base of Q 2, are read and the transistor is turned on. This changes the state of this stage and creates a negative jump at the collector of Q 2, which is coupled to transistor 22o in the tone gate and leaves The next positive clock pulse occurring at point T saturates Q 1 and changes the state of the flip-flop Stage and via II6a to the following stage «Depending on the state of the up-down flip-flop, dl® will be followed by * or.

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a positive tilting impulse is applied to the pre-listening stage, dor has the effect that the stage is either read out or overturned.

Wherever there is a breakover voltage on the line 7 ^, the reception of a breakover pulse at the base of Q 2 only makes this conductive for the duration of the breakover pulse, which is too short in time to activate the transistor 22o of the tone gate. As soon as the stage comes outside of the saturation range, it transmits a toggle pulse to the next counter stage. One of the lines 13o, 131 can carry - Ί.5V. If the tilting impulses are grounded by one of the diodes D 1 and D 2 and orroiohon not half the base of Q 2, then the voltage on the Loitungon 13o, 131 the Rl oh tune in the tilting pulse on the counter, either up or down \ nν nbwUrin. It is wosontlioh that every stage transmits the tipping impulses it up and down, JoUooh let a dloaor impiiluo untordrtlokt and the andore nioht to increase the counting direction.

If no switch is activated, no current flows through the resistors Zkl and ZkZ, which block the transistor Q Io according to FIG. 3b, since its base and emitter have the same voltage. U is a mains connection contact for all pushbutton switches If one of them is closed, a current flows from the connection point Zkο through the resistors Zkl, 242 to the connection U, which lowers the voltage at the base of Q Io, which becomes conductive and therefore the voltage of 11.5 V at point Zko on dor Vorzößorungssammolschiene 231 according to FIG. 2 fills. At the same time, a negative pulse is applied to the base of transistor ZkZ , which forms part of a monostable flip-flop together with transistor 2 ^ 3, which emits a pulse on line 2hk via capacitor 245. This pulse becomes the line II6a of counter stage 1 in FIG. 2

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3 09809/0809

Runs and starts a count. It is therefore necessary that the noton detector supplies a direct voltage to the start control circuit and a working bias voltage to the clock generator CL and a return notr bofinclot. The transistor 2k2 generates one pulse on line 25o to the base of transistor 251 of the up-down flip-flop, resetting the latter. The clock receives its DC voltage, as long as one of the pushbutton switches KS is closed, via point S (Fig. 3b) of the tone detector Io8, via the lead 2 $ k to the base of the transistor 255.Normally there is no voltage at the latter, which is why this is locked so that the clock cannot work. Venn a positive voltage to the base of transistor 255 dea of the clock CL is set so that transistor is turned on and the clock, which consists of a multivibrator, starts to oscillate. Its cycle time or frequency is set by the size of the resistor 257, which supplies the bias voltage for the transistor 255. An alternating pedal-controlled clock generator is shown in FIG. 6.

The output of clock generator CL leads via an amplifier 26o and line 26Ί to the upper contact of the switch S k. When the upper switch contact is closed, the output pulses run to line 262 and then to all counter stages. If the switch arm S h is present at low -25 V, the line 262 carries this voltage via the line 263 and the counter does not count.

If no pushbutton switch is activated, the start control circuit 112 is forced into a start state, in which transistor 281 is coaporated and transistor 27o is conductive. This state is ensured by non-activated switches due to the negative voltage of 4.5V via the line 259, when the transistor 2111 blocks. The state of the upward-downward flip

- 2k -

309809/08 0 9

Flop'o is not pre-changed untor dioaon Bodendungon, woahalb © n cntwodor im Aufwrta- odor AbwUrteztihlotatue eioh bofindon can.

If one or more of the pushbutton switches are actuated, the tone detector applies a collector supply voltage to the Transietor 2ηο the start control circuit via the line 259, but does not change the state of the start control.Therefore, the collector of the transistor 281 is raised or blocked, which creates a reverse voltage on the diode D 1 is the Zähleretufe 1 (71 3 ^a in Fig.) produces. As a result, a positive pulse can be supplied from the tone detector via the line 2 $ k , which starts the counting of the counter. At the same time, a positive pulse from the tone detector is passed via line 250 to the base of transistor 251 of the up-down flip-flop II6, which puts the flip-flop in the up-counting state * Now that these solid controls are set, the counter begins counting up.

The purpose of the start control circuit 112 is to prevent more than one pulse from the tone detector being introduced into the counter while a counting sequence is taking place. This pulse passes through diodes 283, 283a and lines 27I and 271a. These lines are connected to the downward control busbar or upward control busbar, so that if the counter stage one is in the upward selection status, the output of the counter stage on dio Daoia is carried by transistor 281 · This controls the transistor durohimd changes the state of the start control »112, to keep the transistor 281 conductive, whereby the diode D 1 receives the ZlUilorstufo oins oino forward voltage. The diode D 1 switches iodon on the line 2kk incoming pulse to · 4.5 V and thus prevents dl · counter stage one.

- 25 -

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is working. In the strum or upward arpeggio mode, the output of the counter stage 2 o is led via the line 275 and the switch 55 to the base of the transistor 27 o, whereby this transistor conducts and changes the state of the start control flip-flop so that this now gives a new impetus to di "counter chain. this process is therefore off because the level 2ο the end of a AufwärtszählfοIge represents. When the device is in the up-down mode, however, is _t the switch S 5 is open and the output of the stage 2o is not led to the base of transistor 27. Instead, the second output of stage 1 is connected to the base of transistor 27 © via line 273 and diodes 283, 283a and lines 271 and 271a, which occurs when the upward -Down flip-flop is in the down-counting status »This in turn indicates the status of the start control flip-flop ₈ .s © d & B äleses d ± ® -Insertion of a new pulse in the count ^ chain © omits ₈ what not is manoeuvrable, because the second output of the counter ⁵ punish © 1 indicates the end of an up-down counting sequence «

In multi-tone mode, switch 28o is open. " whereby the emitter of transistor 281 is exposed, xiodureh. a voltage drop on line 282 is avoided, so that a tilting pulse can be introduced at any time. When switch 28o is open and the system is in the up arpeggio mode, pulses can be initiated into stage S * 1 at any time and start the counter, regardless of the fact that other pulses progress in the counter. When the system is in the up-down mode and pulses are supplied on the downward path, the direction of counting is reversed at the same time as the pulses are introduced.

It is not shown, but when separate upward and Down counters were available, so new impulses could be introduced into each at any time, which at the same time upwards.

-26-

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and produce downward arpeggios. In the present system the counter must always increment or decrement and any closing of a key switch during the Down counting of the counter reverses its working direction.

While the simple clock generator according to FIG. 3b has proven to be generally suitable, FIG. 6 shows an alternative, more highly developed clock generator which has a clock rate which is complementarily controllable or controllable in two states or by two controls.

The transistors Q 11 -Q lk represent an astable multivibrator of known construction, the last stage Q l * t of which is fed back to the first stage Q 11 via a capacitor C 22. The frequency of the oscillator is determined by the current injected into capacitor 22 , which is controlled by transistor Q19. The latter works as a constant current source, ie if this has a sufficiently high internal resistance, the current in the capacitor 22 is constant, regardless of the voltage across C 22. When the transistor Q lk switches to the conductive state, the negative voltage jump occurs is coupled at its emitter through capacitor 22 to the base of transistor Q 11, turning that transistor off by setting its base to approximately -9 volts. The transistor Q 11 can no longer tip over until the capacitor C 22 is charged to approximately -k V. This charging time is controlled by the current from the constant current source Q 19, which is why this constant current source controls the frequency of the clock generator. The negative voltage jump at the collector of the transistor Q 11 when it is switched on is coupled via the transistor Q 12 and the capacitor C 1 to the base of the transistor Q 13, whereby this transistor and transistor Q Ik are blocked. The time of this section of the cycle (Q 13 and Q lk blocked) is not variable and is

- 27 -

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determined by the constanto of C 1 and the resistance * When the negative pulse of transistor Q 11 at the base of transistor Q 13 is reduced again, Q 13 becomes conductive, whereby Q Ik also becomes conductive and a negative voltage jump from the emitter of the transistor Q 1 * »is fed back to the base of Q 11, which means the start of a new cycle.

The transistors Q 15 and Q 16 form a pulse amplifier and Pulse shaping circuit which is known per se and is therefore not described in detail.

When a tone is played, a voltage of 11.5 V is applied to the end point 2 <? O from the tone detector Io8. A current path is thus via line 291, variable resistor 292, diode 293, resistor R 21, emitter of transistor Q 19, collocator of Q 19, capacitor C 22, emitter of Q l * t and back. Line - 4.5 V manufactured. When the transistor is charged, Q lh is conductive, so that the charging of the capacitor 22 is actually limited by - ft, 5 V «The current, - © rv © n Q

is delivered, I β is 11.5 V - ¥ B ~ VBB- ¥ D

R21 + R28.

In the equation, VB is the voltage aa of the base of Q 9, VBE is the voltage between the base and emitter of the transistor Q 19, VD is the voltage drop of the diode 293 and the resistor R 21, R 28, the resistors in series with the transistor Q. 19 lie and are constant. The voltage at the emitter of Q 19 is approximately 0.5 V less than the voltage at the base of the transistor Q 19, so that the current in the capacitor C 22 can be controlled by controlling the base voltage ητκά remains constant regardless of the instantaneous voltage of the capacitor, and this current can still be controlled by changing the circuit resistances, for example the resistor R 28.

- 28 -

309809/0809

The transistor Q 2o is connected to the collector of the transistor Q 19, the base of the Traneistore Q 2o is connected to a low voltage via the resistors R 22 and R 23 and the collector of Q 2o is connected to a capacitor C 2k connected to the end point 29o, which is connected to + 11 * 5 V voltage, if and only then, separating a tone is played. When the emitter of Q 2o is connected to - 1 », 5 V and the base is connected to - 5o V via the resistor R 2J , line 29o (no pushbutton is operated) is voltage-free, the transistor Q 2o is turned on, which means that the Base of Q 11 is held at -1 *, 5 V. As a result, the clock is stopped if no pushbutton switch is actuated, which is why the same starting conditions of the clock switch are ensured.The capacitor C 2k generates a positive voltage pulse at the base of Q 11 when the first pushbutton is pressed to start the clock, with the game synchronize the first or the first pushbutton switch

A variable! Voltage divider with elements R 19 and Q 18 let furthermore provided, the bias voltage of the latter being set by the voltage divider R 17, R 18 · Bin in the base of the current flowing through Q 18 determines its resistance so that it is indeed a variable controlled by Q 17 Resistance is * The emitter of Q 17 has a known one constant voltage boaufeohlagt, the collector directly with dor Base of Q 18 pre-bundon, the base of which is pre-bound with a voltage source controlled by the foot pedal of the organ according to the invention.

When the switch ES is open, the control switch is on for the current coming from Q 19 to capacitor C 22, the Change of the value of R 28, controlled by hand. If switch ES is closed, then D 3 is connected to the cathode a compensation voltage is applied, as described below

- 29 -309809/0809

schriobon int. An NPN-Tranaistor Q 21 is with a voltage source vorbundon. A potentiometer 292 is between the collector and the emitter switched, a sliding contact of the potentiometer 292 being connected to the base of the transistor, * dor in Ko Hole gate circuit arboitot «The collector current Int then a function of the position of the sliding contact, which is caused by pressure of the EP pedal. The tension tapped by the ' Collector of Q 21 via line 2Qi * is variably positive and therefore controls the voltage at the base of Q 17 and therefore whose collector voltage «Accordingly, the pressure controls the Pedals EP the resistance of Q 18, which in turn represents the base, current of Q 19 and further the current flow in the capacitor C 22 controls.

When the pressure pedal is depressed so ,, d ± © increasing volume of the organ. In the same way, the tension increases a »d @ ä? Base of Q 21 and the output current of Q 19, causing the arpeggio clock to also increase;

The organ's pedal is such a useful and convenient device to change the beat or the speed of the starting position of arpeggios, if they are going up or down and the aid sounds musically, since soft music is associated with slow arpeggio and vice versa will. Of course, other devices can be used for the pedal will. For example, a knee operated switch can be used. The critical point is to create a voltage controlled clock that is controlled while the hands are busy playing the organ and the use of the pedal is a particularly enjoyable musical experience Represents effect.

It is desirable to have the highest note in an arpeggio on it to prevent this "from being played twice" when the

309809/0809

system is in up-down mode. If the highest note played affects counter level C 2o, then occurs

tli ti-. .

no problem, since only upwardly directed impulses activate this level and therefore no repetition of the highest tone can take place. However, if, for example, the highest note reaches counter level /; - 19, the system reproduces this highest note, then flips level ³ M "2o in negligible time and returns to level ^ 19. Therefore, the highest note becomes twice are played with a negligible time gap in between, but this deforms the tempo of the arpeggio.

In order to solve this problem of doubling the highest tones in the up-down mode, the pushbutton switches relating to the counter 2o (and the note TP "73) receive a voltage on the line 3oo via insulating resistors R 12, R 15, R 18 and R 21 according to FIG. 7 * Those push-button switches which belong to the counter stages -}: '"- 19 and ^ 2O receive a voltage via the line 3ol, and those push-button switches which belong to the counter stages tfr 18 and -i- 19 and T ^ 2o lead, via a line 3o2, all via suitable insulating resistors R 1 - R 21 inclusive.

Furthermore, there are three transistor gates Q 31, Q 32 and Q 33 of the NPN type, the collectors of which are jointly connected to a DC voltage, namely the step-down control voltage from the up-down r-flip-flop 16 according to FIG. 3 via the load resistors R 22, R 2k and R 26. The emitters of these three transistors are jointly connected directly to - 4.5 V and the collectors are connected to the base of Q 1, stages of C 17, C 16 and C via resistors R 23, R 25 and R 27 19 of the counter stages, which is designated by TI in FIG. 2 and represents a typical counter stage.

-31-

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The device is inactive during an upward arpeggio when the DC voltage is not present. When the DC step-down voltage is applied, it is fed to the TI line of counter stages C 17, C 18 and C 19. A gate of SG 18 is, however, controlled via RI ₉ R 2 or RJ to switch on Q 31, which causes the downward control voltage of TI 17 to drop, so that the © Stuf © TI 17 mm can more freely operate normally in downward arpeggio mode the gate voltage from signal gate SG 19 conducts transistors Q 31 and Q 32 by reducing the downward control voltage from TI 17 and TI 18; a gate voltage of SG 2o cancels the step-down voltage from the endpoints TI 17, TI 18 and TI 19 by turning on transistors Q 31, Q 32 and Q 33. In this way, the downward control voltage only appears on the counter corresponding to the highest note played, regardless of which of the ^ r 17 »4k 18, -fj '19 or 4 ^ 2ο tone gate is currently switched on ± & t,

The transistors Q 31, Q 3 ² and Q 33 let, w © nsi si © open odor non-loitonci, the GloicSispasiimmg ssusa Baslspvmkt TI through and thus prevent the Erto ^ esi uex · corresponding Töa ©, but when the transistors through eisae Spai & s & usig voe SG 18, SG or SG 2ο are saturated, then - dismantle Si © control -w @ n the line TI, whereupon the corresponding counter can respond to the clock and produce further tones «

It follows that if and only when the ~ ¥ r So gate is activated, the counters # -17, ^ J = 18 and # "19 are able to sound a tone during the downward arpeggio. If an ir ~ 19 gate is the highest activated ©, the © gate 'fj = - 17 and + r-18 can sound in the downward arpeggio, but not fr-19 * and if gate 4r 18 is the highest activated, then only the step rr 17 sound in the downward arpeggio, but no longer Φ

- 32 309809/0809

The downward control voltage appears on the counters only while playing the highest note and only on the downward path. No controls are required for a tone in SG 2o and if SG 19 and SG 2ο are excited at the same time, SG sounds 19 on the way down. But if, for example, SG 19 is the highest Note that is being played, SG 19 does not sound down the Veg, only upwards.

The operation of the present invention is now summarized as follows. The down-up counter, which is necessary for the generation of successive pulses, consists of twenty counting flip-flops, which are shown in Flg. 2 are shown. Each of these flip-flops has two working states, which depend on the state of the three (or four - in the case of stage 2o) organ pushbutton switches that belong to this stage. When one or all of these pushbuttons are closed (or in the case of the arpeggio, any pushbutton is assigned a lower note belonging to an octave that belongs to a level below the one under consideration), the flip-flop works as a bistable flip-flop , with Q 1 conducting and Q 2 blocked in its initial state. If none of these pushbuttons is actuated, the flip-flops work as monostable flip-flops with an operation time of about 30 microseconds. In any case, Q 1 is conductive and Q 2 is blocked in the initial state of the flip-flop. During the Strum and Arpeggio operating mode, but not during normal mode, the trigger input T is an Io Volt square wave with a short duty cycle. Each stage has two inputs which make it possible to tilt the stage from its initial state t An input is required for counting up and another for counting down. These inputs require a positive pulse and have means, diodes D 1 and D 2, to suppress any attempt to switch the state of the flip-flop through one or both inputs. These

- 33 -309809/0809

Stages are interconnected, as shown in Fig. 3, with the output of each stage (Gn for the Nth stage) to the up counting input of the next stage (Un + 1) and also to the down counting input of the previous stage (Dn-1) . Stage 1 receives the first pulse at its up- _{counting input (U 1} ) from the tone detector, as is also shown in FIG. <The clock is thus synchronized by the tone detector, so that the first clock pulse appears simultaneously with the first note played and the switching of level 1 «An up-down flip-flop ¹¹ is set in the upcounting mode by the tone detector, if the has the output of stage 1 (Gl), a positive (over) voltage so Stuf® _s 2 is the Aufwar tszähleingang (U2) is connected. This Sehaitera of step 2 takes place either at the next Taktgeberirapala instead, when stage 1 has been activated (which is This is in case _5, if the conditions have been set to let level 1 work as © lsi, ibistable flip-flop), and in a bucket of much Icürseren Seit (the operating tent of the 'monostable conditiona) _p fisna level 1 has not been activated This sequence is repeated as far as the counter reaches and then switches the stage 2o at the time at which the counting ends if the system is in Strum or Upward Arpeggio mode. Down arpeggio mode is, G 2o is connected to the down counter input of stage 19 (D 19) and to the "up-down flip-flop ¹ ", which changes the state of this flip-flop to the down-counter state and determines the counter to count down . The impulse introduced in stage 19 by stage 2o can now run freely down the chain in the same way as the up count impulses run.

The start control according to FIG. 3 determines when a start pulse can be sent to the up-counting input of stage 1. These Control has four inputs, two of which are driven by G 1 and each by the "up-down flip-flop". con-

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trolls. If the system is in the up counting operation, a positive pulse on G £ will set the start control in such a way that no new pulses can be introduced. If the system is in the downward counting mode, a positive pulse from O 1 sets the start control in such a way that new pulses can now be introduced. In the up arpeggio or strum mode, the stage & 2o is connected to the start control, so that after the waiting-down counter has counted up through the stage / ^ 2o, another pulse can be introduced into the stage. If the connection between step # * 2o and the start control is broken in the up-down arpeggio mode, no new pulses can be introduced in step 1 until the downward counting is completed. In the multitone mode, the start control is essentially ineffective, so that new impulses can be introduced at any time.

In the normal mode, the switch S 1 makes the up-down flip-flop via the diode D 3 ineffective and puts the start control in a state so that no pulses can be introduced in stage 1. In this way the up-down counter is blocked. No other pressed pushbutton switch can now generate a current through I _{n of} the counter flip-flop, which saturates Q 2 and thus generates a negative pulse at 0 ". This current is now diverted by Q 1 because the trigger input has been switched and the trigger is now a negative voltage, which prevents Q 1 from flipping into another position. A gate pulse is therefore given to the counter stage, which works as an amplifier.

- 35 - / patent claims 309809/0809

Claims (1)

Claims Electronic »organ with oinor keyboard * gokem% ss®ichnot
oinon by electronic counter with a Yi © lzahl of Sturen normally monostable ;, converter for overturning of selected stages ± n bistables, Kon · of. Synelironieiervorgaagee troll circles SSUM for controlling
Resetting the bistable stages, a large number of ψοη sound signal sources and means for converting g dor
swell this bistable stage in 2. Device according to claim 1, dadtarola gek © aias®i <3li @ © t _e da® the counter works asynchronously 3 "Device according to claim 2, g © k © a" s © i © Sasa © t dweik © ± a © si
Impulse Gober as a response to oil actuation ®isa®® des »
sohaltor the organ to
dos counter. k. Device according to claim 3 _e dadarcfe go & eaias®IcSmQt ₀ da® the meter works reversibly 5. 'Device according to claim k ₉ dadiweti gölz®nn% ® ± ®fon®t ^ that the counter after completion öiaea »upwards seeding
is reversible - ' 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized gekennseieSaaet »that the counter as a response to the actuation © ine © dor which is »reversible during a down counting · 309809/0809