DE2238784A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COLORING SYNTHETIC FIBER MATERIALS - Google Patents

Description

FARBWERKE HOECHST AG formerly Master Lucius & BrÜning

Date: August 4, 1972 hoe 72 / F 241 + H. File number: Dr.CZ/Ha

Method and device for dyeing synthetic fiber materials

In the course of the development of rapid staining methods and more suitable for them Dyeing apparatus for dyeing synthetic fibers with disperse dyes is · the problem of instability in aqueous media Dye dispersions have been brought to the fore. These new rapid staining methods are based on the one hand on a faster one Heating and cooling of the dye liquor (achieved through oversized heat exchangers and increased throughput of the Dye preparation through the heat exchanger) and on the other hand on an increased mass transport of the dye from the Dye liquor on the material to be dyed (achieved by a higher throughput of the dye liquor through the material to be dyed, expressed in Liter / min. * kg goods). The higher liquor throughput through heat exchangers and dyed goods can be achieved by increasing the pump output, with an upper one due to the deformation of the dyed goods Limit for this process is set. The other method to increase the mass transport is to increase the liquor ratio to shorten, working with concentrated dye liquors. In the case of disperse dyes, however, this can the latter measure -only the mass transport from the fleet Do not increase the substrate very much, since the product is only raono- "molecular" in water can absorb dissolved dye, and the concentration of monomolecularly dissolved dye in the water through the Presence of dispersed dye particles fairly constant is held ".

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In the practical application of these two methods described, their combination or other, similar working methods, the dyestuff dispersion flowing along is very heavily stressed, whereby it is very often to the. Flocculation as a result of disturbance of the state of dispersion mechanical stress (turbulence) or similar consequences of instability of the dispersion can occur. Such phenomena are practically expressed in that deposits of dye occur on the material to be dyed, with sometimes whole lots are spoiled.

It has now been found that the difficulties outlined above when dyeing synthetic fiber materials with disperse dyes in the presence of dye accelerators. and/ or under high temperature (.HD conditions from aqueous liquors Have it removed using the pull-out method if in the liquor during the dyeing operation with the help of ultrasound an optimal fine distribution of the dyes is achieved and maintained over the duration of the dyeing process.

The principle of the present invention is based on the fact that by switching on an ultrasonic generator (ultrasonic whistle) in the dyeing cycle, the stability of the dispersion is significantly increased or the desired degree of dispersion (2-0.2 μ) of the dyes in the liquor is constantly restored. At the same time, the measure according to the invention surprisingly often accelerates the dyeing speed remarkably. According to the novel dyeing process, a considerable improvement in the dye yield and a shortening of the dyeing process are achieved and the dyestuff precipitations caused by pump turbulences are avoided.

As part of the new working method, ultrasonic sources are used, which expose the dye liquor to the influence of preferably 20,000 to 40,000 vibrations / cm.

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The present method is suitable for all synthetic fibers, which can be colored with disperse dyes, preferably but polyester, polyacrylonitrile or polyamide fibers.

Disperse dyes for the purposes of the invention are those based on pull up the synthetic fibers mentioned from an aqueous bath. Such Products are well known and belong, for example, to the azo or anthraquinone series.

The dyeing conditions correspond to those of the usual working methods.

The device used to carry out the claimed method, to which the present invention also extends, consists of a dyeing machine of normal construction, in which an ultrasonic generator at a suitable point in the fleet estimate, For example, an ultrasonic whistle is built in. Conveniently, such an ultrasonic whistle is immediate mounted behind the circulation pump (in the sense of flow); both Construction elements are as close as possible to the textile material to be dyed.

The ultrasonic generator brings about a significant improvement in the dispersed state at the critical point in time shortly before the Dispersion flows through the material to be dyed and thus reduces / thereby the possibility of coarse, aggregated particles being deposited on the goods. At the same time the dyeing speed is increased, "possibly by the fact that the formation of a real Dye dissolution from the dispersion is accelerated. In the Cases where the step that determines the speed of the solution this inevitably leads to an increased overall staining speed. With today's disperse dyes, the rate of dissolution is often agreeing (McDowell and Weingarten, Melliand Text über rieh te 50 (1969), page 59 ff.), So that one with this device

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has a real advantage, thanks to the rapid dyeing process under warranty the dispersion stability can be achieved.

An embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown schematically in the drawing below. The symbols used in it have the following meanings:

1 febrifuge

2 pump,

3 Valve for changing the direction of circulation

4 ultrasonic whistle

5 to the attachment container

6 heating elements

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Example 1:

a) Threads made of cellulose triacetate are in a laboratory dyeing machine with 2% of the disperse dye (in commercial form) of the formula

Stained from aqueous liquor at 85 ° C. for 20 minutes. A blue coloration of medium depth of color is obtained.

b) The dyeing process is carried out under the same conditions as in 1 a) repeated, but with the involvement of an ultrasonic generator (Ultrasonic whistle of the Minisonic type from Ultrasonics Ltd., Shipley, OB ^) into the staining circuit. The resulting The blue coloration is about 50% lower than that of Example 1 a) and shows no dye deposits whatsoever.

Example 2:

a) Threads made of linear polyesters are in a laboratory dyeing machine with 2 % of the disperse dye (in commercial form) of the formula

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2233784

with 3 g / l of a carrier based on emulsified 2-methylnaphthalene Dyed from aqueous liquor at 98 ° C. for 30 minutes. A yellow coloration with a medium depth of color is obtained.

b) The dyeing process is repeated under the same conditions as in 2 a), but with the switching of an ultrasonic whistle into the dyeing cycle. The resulting yellow coloration is about 40 % lower than that of Example 2a) and shows no dye deposits whatsoever.

Example 3:

a) Yarns made of textured polyester fibers are in a closed laboratory dyeing machine with 2 % of the disperse dye (in commercial form) of the formula

,O.

Dyed from aqueous liquor at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes. The result is a violet coloration with a medium depth of color,

b) The procedure for dyeing is as described in Example 3 a), but with the switching of an ultrasonic whistle into the dyeing cycle.

The resulting violet color is compared to that of Example 3 a) about 50% lower and is free of dye deposits.

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Claims (4)

Patent claims: Process for dyeing synthetic fiber materials with Disperse dyes in the presence of dye accelerators and / or HT conditions from aqueous liquors using the extraction method, characterized in that during the implementation of the coloring operation with the aid of ultrasound in the Float an optimal fine distribution of the dyes is achieved and maintained over the duration of the dyeing process. 2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that an ultrasonic generator ("ultrasonic whistle) is built into the fleet cycle. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the ultrasonic whistle immediately behind the circulation purape (in the sense of flow) is attached. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized-characterized. that The ultrasonic whistle and circulation pump are placed as close as possible to the material to be dyed. £ 09808/0607 Blank page