DE2237984A1 - CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE ACID STRENGTH IN AN ALKYLATION PLANT - Google Patents

Description

Patent assessor Hamburg, June 30, 1972

Dr. G. Schupfner T 72041 (D 69.982-1?)

2000 Harnburg 76 769 / HH

Sextuple gate 2.
German Texaco AG

TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 135 East 42nd Street, " 10017 New York, N.Y. United States

Control system for controlling the acid strength in an alkylation plant

The present invention relates generally to alkylation plants, and more particularly relates to a control system for a Alkylation plant.

Summary

A control system controls the acid strength in an alkylation plant in order to maintain the acid strength at a predetermined level. In the alkylation plant, an isoparaffin reacts with olefin in the presence of acid to provide an acid-hydrocarbon mixture for a settler in which the hydrocarbon is separated from the acid to provide a hydrocarbon product. Part of the acid is recycled, while the remaining acid is discharged from the alkylation system. Friachoic acid is added to the recycled acid in order to influence the acidic acidity. The control system includes a device for controlling the acid strength in accordance with a control signal. A water analyzer

309807/1332 BADORtGtNAL

takes olefin and isoparaffin samples to provide a signal corresponding to the water content of the olefin and paraffin. A network draws olefin and isoparaffin samples and delivers a signal corresponding to the olefin composition. The flow rates of olefin and isoparaffin, of fresh acid and released acid are measured with the aid of flow meter sensors which supply the corresponding signals. A control circuit "develops the signal in accordance with the analyzer signals, the composition determining circuit and the sensors.

It is an object of this invention to control acid strength in an alkylation plant by determining acid requirements during an alkylation sequence in which olefins react with an isoparaffin in the presence of acid.

Another object of the present invention is to measure the composition of an olefin before using it an Isopax * affin reacts in the presence of acid to the crowd of the acid-reducing products formed during the alkylation.

The invention relates to a control system for controlling the acid strength in an alkylation plant in which an isolefin is reacted with an olefin in an acid counterpart and the resulting acid-hydrocarbon mixture is provided for a settler in which the hydrocarbon is removed from the acid separated off and part of the acid is recycled, while the residual acid is removed from the alkylation plant and hairdressing acid is added to the recycled acid,
be π t ο h end from

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a) a device (79-83) for controlling the acid strength in accordance with a control signal,

b) a device (35) for measuring the water content of the olefin "and the isoperaffine and providing one signal corresponding to the water content,

c) a device (40-44) for determining the olefin composition and providing one of the olefin jamming corresponding signal, '' ■

d) a device (37) for measuring the olefin flow rate ™ speed and providing one of the olefin infusion rate corresponding signal,

e) a device (29, 81} for measuring the flow velocities the fresh acid and the residual acid removed and provision of the flow rates corresponding signals,

and

f) a device (43, 87-92, 108-115, 130, 140, 151, 152, 155, 170-177) associated with the device for determining the Olefin Composition (40-44) "and with the measuring devices (29, 35, 37, 81) for providing a control signal to the control signal device (79-83) in accordance with the signals of the measuring device (29, 35, 37, 81) and. the device (40-44) for determining the total olefin. setting is connected.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 shows a simplified block diagram of a control system for controlling the acid strength in an alleylation system, which is also partially shown in schematic form.

309807 / 1.3 32 6AD

FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the programming device shown in FIG.

Figure)! Figures 5A-3E are graphical representations of pulsating voltages provided by the programmer (Figure 1) during an operational cycle.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are detailed block diagrams of the olefin signal and control device shown in FIG.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic representation of the reaction of an olefin with an isoparaffin in the presence of acid.

Figures 7-11 are detailed block diagrams of the Vg, A, B, C, and M computers shown in Figure 1.

Description of the invention

In the figure I ₁ part of an alkylation plant is shown in which an olefin with isoparaffin in the presence of a catalyst, such as HpSO. or HF, reacts to form an isoparaffin of higher molecular weight. For illustration purposes, HpSO. selected v / earth. The olefin can be butene, propene or a mixture of butene and propene, while the isoparaffin can be isobutane. The control system shown in Figure 1 anticipates changes in acid strength due to changes in the amount of acid-reducing compounds formed during alkylation in order to control acid strength to speed up the control process.

Starting olefin and isoparaffin enters via line (6) into a contactor (4), in which the starting materials come into contact with acid introduced through the line (7) come. The contactor (4) delivers an acid-hydrocarbon mixture through the line (8) to the acid settler (12). The settler (1,2) separates the hydrocarbon product of the acid and the hydrocarbon product is removed through line (14) while the acid is over

309807/1332

the line (16) is removed. The acid settler (12) can just be an acid settler in the alkylation system or it can be the last acid separator in a group of acid separators. Fresh acid passes through one as needed Line (17) into line (16) to maintain a desired acid strength. A pump delivers the acid the line (16) into the line (7). Part of the acid in line (7) is withdrawn via line (21). The - accepted Acid can be released or removed from another alkylation system.

The level in the acid settler (12) is with a usual level sensor (27), a flow record controller (28), a flow sensor (29) and a valve (30) maintain. The sensor (27) provides a signal for the flow recording control (28) according to the measured acid level in the settler (12). ready. The flow sensor (29) and the Y-valve * (50) are arranged in line (21). The sensor (2-9) provides a signal E, for the flow recording control (28) accordingly

the flow rate of the exiting acid ready. The setpoint of the control (28) is · by the signal of the ' Level sensor (27) set. Is the acid level in the Spreader (12) high »becomes the setpoint of the flow recording control (28) by the signal from the sensor (27) for an increasing flow velocity of the exiting Adjusted acid. The control (28) provides a signal for the Y-valve (30) ready, making the valve more leaking acid can pass until the measured flow velocity in line (21) of the target flow velocity, which is determined by the setpoint setting of the control tion (28) is determined, corresponds to., By increasing the The flow rate of the exiting acid while maintaining the primary acid flow rate decreases Acid level in the acid settler (12). If the acid level in the settler (12) is low, the measuring sensor (.27) and the Control (28) the valve (30) in such a way that the flow

The speed of the escaping acid decreases, causing an increase in the acid level in the acid settler (12).

A water analyzer (35) measures the water content of olefin and isoparaffin in line (6) and provides a corresponding signal E _1. The analyzer (35) can be a device manufactured by Panametrics Inc. under the name of 1000. The signal E ₁ is sent to the control device (56), which also receives a signal E ^ corresponding to the flow rate of olefin and isoparaffin in line (6) from a sensor (37).

The chromatography (40) ■ be a 118 C-manufactured device from Bendix Greenbriar Co. under no. Can provide the signals E and E ^ · The signal E is, pulse signal whose pulses with the peak of the signal E ₁ -, which corresponds to the composition of olefin and isoparaffin, coincide. The pulse signal E. is given to the programming device (41) and (41) supplies control <pulses E. to Ej to the Olef ^ signal device (44). The Prograramierungsgerät (41) also receives a ffleichstromspan- \ voltage V from a DC voltage source (45) · j

The programming device (41), which is shown in detail in the ^;

Figure 2 is shown includes a manually operable ■

Switch (50) that regulates the start and end of the control sequence. When the switch (50) is closed, a DC voltage V. [is applied to an AND gate (51) which controls the AND gate (51) together with a high DC output of a logic decoder (52). When the switch (50) is open, the voltage V. is interrupted, whereby the AND gate (51) is switched off. The AND gate (51) controls the counting of pulses in the pulse signal E. of a counter (55). The operating AND gate (51) transmits the pulse signal E. to the counter (55) and interrupts the pulse signal E. when (51) is switched off. The counter (55) provides a plurality of outputs to the decoder (52). The decoding

—7—

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rer (52) contains a plurality of AND gates which receive the outputs of the counter (55) and which sets each AND gate an output ready when a single count reaches so that the decoder (52) has a plurality of outputs corresponding to the various counts in the counter (55) provides.

Menn is the number of pulses of the pulse signal. E; equals the accumulated and stored number of peaks, the decoder (52) provides a lower DC output to the AND gate (51), thereby turning off the AND gate (51) to prevent further counting of the counter (55) until . the counter (55) is reset _{by a cancellation pulse E 10.}

A large number of monostable multivibrators (57) provide pulse voltages E. to Ey. Each multivibrator of the multivibrators (57) is triggered by a different output from the decoder (52) in order to provide a pulse voltage which coincides with another peak in the signal E ₁ -. The pulse voltages E. and Ej are in the figures. 3A and 'jB . The interruptions in FIGS. 3A and 3B indicate a time interruption in which the pulse voltages En to E ₁ occur. The rear edge of the pulse voltage E _T triggers a monostable multivibrator (60) which delivers a pulse voltage E ^. The trailing edge of the pulse voltage _{Έ ν} triggers a monostable multivibrator (60A) and (60A) provides a pulse voltage E, -. The pulse voltage Ej · triggers a multivibrator (60B), which as. Delay circuit operates to provide a pulse for the multivibrator (60C). The pulse width from the multivibrator (60B) is such that enough time for the. Operation of the analog computer is given. The multivibrator (60G) delivers a cancellation pulse E ₁₀ , ^ richer resets the counter (55) so that the control mode can be started again. '

In the Y j g ur 4 the olefin signal device (4.4) in the De-.

-BAD ORIGINAL

tail shown, which delivers a signal Εγ to the control device (36), where E ₇ corresponds to the vol .- $ olefin components consuming acid. The signal E, - of the chromatography device (40) is applied to the sampling and storage circuits (65) to (631). The pulses E. to Ej of the programming device (41) control the sampling and storage circuits (63) to (631) in order to store various peaks of the signal E, -.

The following overview assumes a single sampling ' and memory circuit in relation to the corresponding components:

Circuit component

63 ethane

63A propane

63B isobutane

630 n-butane

63D. Isopentane

63E n-pentane

63P propene

65gr butene

63H pentene

631 all connections with 6 or

more carbon atoms

The outputs of the sampling and latch circuits (63) to (631) are applied to the multiplier (64) to (641) where they _ß with the DC voltages V to Vj ,, the various individual components associated Zählfaktoren the chromatography (40 ), multiplied by v / earth. For example, the voltages V _B to V _K 0.02; 0.2; 1.0; 0.2; 0.15; 0.02 {0.2; 0.1; 0.02 and 0.1 volts correspond.

The sampling and storage circuits (65) to (651) are controlled by the pulse E _{K of} the programming device (41) to the outputs of the multipliers (64) to (641)

■ · .. ■ -9-

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to collect and store. The summer (69) sums all the outputs of the sampling and storage circuits (65) through (651) to provide a signal for the dividers (70) through (7GC). The dividers (70) through (7-0-C) also receive the outputs from the sampling and storage circuits (65F) through (651) and divide these outputs by the signal from the summer (69) in order to efficiently remove the acid reducing components of the olefin to normalize the corresponding outputs. The signals from the dividers (70) to (70C) are collected and stored in the sampling and storage circuits (71) to (71c) in response to the pulse of the programming device (41). The outputs of the sampling and latch circuits (71) to (71C) are multiplied by the direct current voltages V, to V ₀ corresponding to the ratios of kilograms consumed by säurevermindernde olefin constituents of acid per liter of olefin in the multipliers (75) to (75C). The summer (76) sums the outputs of the multipliers (75) through (75C) to provide a signal E ^ for the control device (36).

The control device (36), which is shown in detail in FIG. 5 , develops a control signal Ep ₀ which is used to control the fresh acid entering the alkylation plant. A direct current voltage - Vp originating from the source (43) is subtracted from the control signal Ep ₀ with the aid of the subtracter (79), Vp corresponding to a predetermined target acid strength. The subtracter (79) provides an error signal Epp to a conventional disturbance recording control (80), with (80) receiving a signal Ep ^ from the sensor (81) in the line (17). The signal E ₂₀ regulates the setpoints from the controller (80). The signal Ep- corresponds to the flow rate of the fresh acid entering the alkylation unit. The controller (80) · controls a valve (83), um'die Friuchöäureotrömungsge-Gchwindigkeit the overall in accordance with the difference of measured Strormngsgofichwindigkeitsoignfil · E _0n and

^άΌ . -10-

30 9 807/133 2

desired StroV determined by the setpoint settings _;
to regulate the flow rate. The controller <(36) develops signal E _{? Q} in accordance with the signs ■; -; nalen E ₁ , Ep, E ₇ and E _? v, the direct current voltages V ₁ , - to V ₂₁ , ^ 2 &. k ^ ^s V ^ ₁ , V ,. and the following equations:

Fc

₅ . Wt% acid ₌

= 1.O- (W _M M ₊ W _A A ₊ W _B B ₊ W _C C. _JS . _S

W, M W. AW _D BW _r C MABC

IF _F -F _s ) German

wherein A, B, C represent the amounts of three in the contactor (4) occurring compounds, ie the era te compound resulting from eggs Grundreaktion'des olefin with iJt.-n inoparaffin to form a, alkylate, the second compound is

an acid veiur purification which results in a ^ r reversible lioaktion

309807/1332 BATH ORIGINAL «

is formed with the first compound, and the third compound is an acidic impurity resulting from an irreversible reaction with the first compound. The second and third compounds remain in the acid in line (16), M is the water in the acid phase, in the ole fi lind isobutane in line (6); R ₁ , Rp, R. * And R, are the reaction rate constants which are specified from laboratory analyzes of the reaction of olefin with isobutane in the presence of acid. A mathematical model is shown in the figure. From this model ... equations 1 to 6 are obtained; Y _n and V ™ are the initial volume and current volume of the acid phase in cubic centimeters; j ", § ., ο -η» ^ n and Jm are the densities of the acid in the contactor (4)> those of the three compounds and that of the water; W., Wg, W ,,. And W », are the molecular weights of the three compounds and of water; F ^ corresponds to the fresh _{acid flow rate and Ρ σ} corresponds to the flow rate of the emerging acid. Values for W ^, -Wg, .W ^, W ^, £ _g , $ _λ > ^ B ' ^ n and * \ τ _ϊΤ can be given by laboratory analysis of the olefin, isobutane and acid, while the density <? j. and the molecular weight W ^ of the water are known.

In FIG. 5, the variable resistors (87) and (88) reduce the signal Ep-, providing the signals Br ₃ , and Ερκ »di ^e correspond to the terms F ™ and f ^ In the above equations and the dimensions grams / Seconds and moles of water in the prisch acid / second. The signal E ^ is dependent on the variable Yfiderstand (89) and this delivers a signal Ep ^ -, v / which corresponds to the term P "in equation 6 and has the dimension grams / second.

A Vo computer (90) receives the signals Ep, and Ep ^ - from the resistors (87) and (89), control pulses E ^ ₁ from the pulse generator (91) »DC voltages V-./- to Vp ₁ from the source ( 45) and signals Ep ₇ , 'Ep ₈ , Epq and E ™. The development of the signals Epr., Ep ₈ , Epq and E ™, which correspond to the terms M, A, B and C in the equations mentioned,

309807 / 1.332

are described below. The multivibrator (92) is triggered by the trailing edge of each control pulse E- ^ ₁ , providing a pulse E ₄₀ , so that each pulse Ε- ,, immediately precedes _{each pulse E 40.} The computer (90) provides a signal E ™ corresponding to the current volume of the acid phase in accordance with the received signals and voltages, and the equation 6. In Figures 5 and 7, the voltages V r to be V ^ q with the signals Ep ₇ to E ^ ₀ in multipliers (95) to (950). The voltages V _1f -, V - ,,, V ₁₈ and Vq correspond to the given ratios of molecular weight to density

W., W. W _D W _r -M. _A E JL

of the three compounds and of water in the acid phase, while the signals E ₂₇ »E08, ^E 29 ^{and E} 30 ^{correspond to the ternias} ^ * ^> B and C. The subtracter (96) subtracts the signal Ep ^ - from the signal Ep ₇ , providing an output _{corresponding to the term PCP 0} in equation 6 for the integrator (100).

A sampling and storage circuit (101) collects and stores the integrator output (100) exactly before the pulse E ₄ Q. The pulses E ₄₀ control the integrator (100) and cause the integrator output to go to zero when a time pulse E ₄₀ appears. The output of (101) corresponds to

A multiplier (102) multiplies the output of the sample and storage _circuit (101) by the voltage V 0n, which corresponds to the reciprocal acid density 1 / v-, and provides an output corresponding to the term

in equation 6. Summer (103) sums the outputs

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the multipliers (-95) to (95C) and (101) with the voltage V ₀₁ , which is the initial volume. V corresponds to, under

c. \ SO

Provision of the signal E ₇ p.

In FIG. 5, the multiplier (108) multiplies the voltage V ₀ ,, from the source (43) by the signal Ep ^ from the resistor (89) to form one of the term pL / (P ^ -Vq (see the equations) The signals S ₇ and Ep are multiplied together in the multiplier (110). The output of (110) is passed through a variable resistor (114) to form a signal E _vr which corresponds to the term g (,, q in equation 1 corresponds to, reduced .. The resistor (114) is used to adjust the units of measurement, ei, has the dimension gram / second.

An A computer (115) supplies a signal Epo in accordance with the signals Epq, E -,., ^ 35 » ^E 40 ' ^{äen equations} ^ ^{r om} " voltages Y _0. To Vp ₇ from the source (43) and the equation 1. in figures 5 and 8, the voltages Vp of a signal corresponding to the are. to Vp ,, meeting the terms R, R "and R, together with the signal e ,, in the adder (116) to form Expression (R ₁ + Rp + R ^ ⁺ Po / ^ qVc) summed. A multiplier (118) multiplies the output of the adder (116) by the signal Ep ₈ , which corresponds to the term A. Another multiplier (119 ) multiplies the direct current saving Vp ₇ , which corresponds to the term R-, by the signal Epq, which corresponds to the term B, to form a signal which is _{summed with the signal E VP} , in the summer (120) ) subtracts the output supplied by the multiplier (HS) from the output supplied by the summer (120); · The output of the subtracter (124) is determined by an integr ator (125) and a sampling and npelohersohal fcung (! 26), the pulses E ^ ₀ and E- ,. obtained, preprocessed with the formation of a signal E _o ", which is also fed back to the multiplier (11H).

Jn dun I · ¹ i rj. ' ^r ^. ^! i_Ji JUi ^ -U. wi-f'd ⁽ '^{;i; 5 ;!} ' - g tlil -L li ^ c>>wc; lchuLi

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-H-

Term B corresponds to, from a B computer (150) in accordance with DC voltages V _oc - and Vp ₇ , signals Ep., And E- ,. and Equation 2 bex ^v eitgestellt. The signal E ,, is summed up with the direct current voltage V ₀₇ , which corresponds to the term H-, in the adder (151) to form a signal corresponding to the term R _v + rY - »/ \ eVr » which has the sign;.! E _{OQ is} multiplied in a multiplier (152). Another i * multiplier (155) multiplies the signal E _O p by the voltage V ^ ₁ - to produce an output corresponding to _{the Torrn R 0 * A.} The subtracter (150) subtracts the output of the multiplier (152) from the output of the multiplier (155). An integrator (159) and a sampling and storage circuit (HO) receiving the pulses E _/ . ,, and E- ,, process the output of the subtracter (138) to form one; Signal E _o a, which is also fed back to the multiplier (152).

The signal E - .. ,,, which corresponds to the term C in the equations, is generated by a C computer (HO) in accordance with the signals E ₀ ,, and E _v . . and Oleichstromspannung V _{O (-Creates} In Figures 5 acids a nd 10, the signal E p is _O to the voltage V _0, - corresponding in the multiplier (144) by providing the term} {· A signal multiplied egg.. n other multiplier (145) multiplies the signal E-. With the signal E,.,. Forming an output corresponding to the term (Fc / AeVc IC ). The subtractor (ι 40) subtracts the output of the multiplier (1 A 5) from Output of the multiplier (H4). An integrator (150) and a sampling and storage circuit (151), which receive the pulses Σ.,. And E ,, process the output of the subtracter (HO) to form the signal E-, ₍₎ , which is also fed back to the multiplier (145).

In d: -; r- Figure 5, the HuI ti pi Iz i erer (I ^r >!) Multiplies the signal ο H ₁ irid K ₀ and the · ri-; su 1 t iereridt 'output ν: i γλ; by eirii.'av :. r <: \ U 1 ί ·; ι. , / i dt.ri tan-.l (! '>/') anti .. :) · fiihiun /; : li ·: · ü ^ gitaLs

: \ η 9 8 0 7/13 3 2

BAD ORfQINAL

S-z6 »which corresponds to the term c £, _m , decreased.

The signal Ep ₇ is generated by an M-computer (155) in accordance with the signals Ep ₁ -, E ₇ , and E - ,, - and the equation 4. In the pig ur 11, the summer (160) sums the "signals Ep ₁ - and E ^ g to form an output corresponding to the expression ^ rrj '/ rp. The signal E ₇₄ - is combined with the signal Epr in the multiplier (161) multiplied to form an output corresponding to the term (R - / ^ cVf-) M. The. SuDtractor (162) subtracts the output of the multiplier (161) from the output of the adder (Ϊ60) to form a signal which is generated by an integrator ( 165) and a sample proximity and storage circuit (166) which _{receives the pulses I / O} and Ε ·,., _{Is processed to form a signal E 0} ^ The signal E _{? 7} is also fed back to the multiplier (161) .

In FIG. 5, the signals Ep ₇ >> Bp ₈ > Ep ₀ and E. ₇ q a. From the computers (115), (130), (140) and. (155) with the DC voltages V " _fi to V- -] are multiplied in the multipliers (170) to (170c). The voltages Yp ₈ to V,., Correspond to the specified molecular weights of the water and the three compounds. The summer (171 ')' sums the outputs of the multipliers (170) through (170C). The direct current voltage VZ ^ i, which corresponds to the term 1 in equation 5, is divided by the signal E-, p in the divider (173). The output of the divider (173) is given the voltage Vp ₀ in the multiplier (174) multiplied to form an output corresponding to the term 1 / ^ cVq. Another multiplier (176) multiplies the same signal from summer (171) by the signal from multiplier (174) and the resulting output is the voltage V ^. in the subtracter. (177) subtracted to form a ^ control signal Ep _0. :,.

A digital computer can be used instead of the control device (36), the programming device (41) and the olefin signal device.

309807/1232

device (44) can be used. The signals E., Ep, Ε ·> »E ₁ - and Epv v / earth converted into digital signals with conventional analog-digital converters and the digital signals v / earth given to the digital computer. The digital computer supplies a digital control signal in accordance with the above equations. The digital control signal is then converted into an analog signal Ep ₀ in a conventional digital-to-analog converter.

The system of the present invention controls acid strength in an alkylation plant by determining the need for satire in the course of the alkylation. In the alkylation an olefin reacts with a paraffin in the presence of acid. The olefin composition is measured and the amount of the The acid-consuming component of the olefin is determined from the measured oil composition.

-17- 309807/1332

Claims (4)

T 72041 (D 69, claims 1. ^); Control system for controlling the acid strength in an alkylation sanl age in which an isoparaffin with olefin ~ implemented in the presence of acid and the resulting acid-hydrocarbon st off mixture is provided for a settler in which the hydrogen from the Acid separated and part of the acid 'returned while the residual acid is from the alkylation plant removed and fresh acid added to the recycled acid will, consisting of tr, a) a device (79-83) for controlling the acid strength in accordance with a control signal, b) a device (35) for measuring the water content of the oil and the isoparaffin and making available a signal corresponding to the water content, c) a device (40-44) for determining the olefin s amines setting and providing one of the olefin composition corresponding signal, d) a device (37) for measuring the olefin flow rate and providing one of the olefin flow rate corresponding signal, . e) a device (29, 81) for measuring the flow velocities the fresh acid and the residual acid removed and provision of the flow rates corresponding signals, and f) a device (43, 87-92, 108-115, 130, 140, 151, 152, 155, 170-177) with the device for determining the olefin composition (40-44) and with the Measuring devices (29, 35, 37, 81) for providing a control signal for the control signal device 3098 07/1332 - 18 - BATH ORIGINAL (79-83) in accordance with the signals of the measuring device (29, 35 »37, 81) and the device (40-44) to determine the olefin composition. ·. 2.) Control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the traffic jam signal device (43, 87-92, 108-115, 130, 140, 151, 155, 170-177) a) a first circuit (110-114) connected to the olefin and ioparaffin flow rate sensor (37) and the olefin composition signal device (40-44) and one of the quantity 06 acid consuming ¹¹ &quot; O Components provide the corresponding signal, b) a second circuit (151, 152) which is connected to the analyzer (35) and the olefin and isoparaffin inflow rate sensor (37) and provides a signal corresponding to the amount _{oC m} of water contained in the olefin and isoparaffin, c) a device (87) which is connected to the primary acid flow rate measuring sensor (81) and provides a signal corresponding to the amount) f _ffl of water contained in the primary acid entering the alkylation plant, d) a device (43) for providing direct current voltages which correspond to the reaction rates R ₁ , Rg, R ₅ and R- of olefin, isoparaffin, acid and the three compounds, the initial volume V _{Q of} the acid in the alkylation plant, the molecular weights W ^, VTg and W _{ß of} the three compounds, - 19 - 309807/1332 BAD ORtGINAi. the molecular weight ¥ ** of water, the agents j *, w and ^ .- "of the three compounds", .. the agents ^ g of satire and ^ ^ of water and
the unit value 1, e) a first analog ^{computing device- (88-92, 108, -109, 115:} > Ί30 »'^ 0i 155) 2Ufli providing signals which represent the sets A _v B and C of the three connections and the vaaser set 11 in over Mood with the o £ ₀ -, ° ^ _m - and) fp ^ signals, the flow rate of the removed esthetic acid and the subsequent. Equations correspond to: A = J [ ^ ₀ - (R ₁ η- R ₂₊ ^F S IA ₊ R ^W M ^MW A ^AW B ^BW G ^C 309807/1332 - 20 - where T is a predetermined time, and f) an analog computing circuit (170-177), which receives some of the direct current voltages and the signals of the asalog computing device (88-92, 108, 109, 115, 130, UO, 155) for providing a signal which corresponds to the seed weight, as the control signal in Ürereiramung with the following equation: 100 _{> 0} - (W _M M + WA + W « 3.) Control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the device (40-44) also includes determining the olefin composition a) providing a chromatography device (40) which periodically draws olefin and isoparaffin samples a first signal whose amplitude peaks correspond to the various olefin and isoparaffin components correspond and providing a pulse signal, each pulse in the pulse signal with a different one Peak from the signal of the chromatography device (40) coincides, b) a programming device (41) which is connected to the chromatography device (40) is connected and on the pulse signal while providing a control pulse appeals to and c) a device (44) which is connected to the chromatography device (40), the control signal device (43i 87-92, 108-115, 130, MiO, 151, 152, 155, 170-177) and the programming device (4 Ό and is controlled by the control pulse to provide a signal corresponding to the acid-consuming olefin fraction as the composition signal in accordance with the first signal of the chromatography device (AC). - 21 - 309807/1332 - Jn - 4.) Control system according to one of claims 1 to 3 »thereby marked that in the alkylation plant, in which the acid strength is controlled, the olefin with the isoparaffin in the presence of acid to form a The first compound reacts in the acid phase and this compound immediately after its formation the acid phase leaves, a second compound in the acid phase is formed from the first compound and into the first compound back and a third connection in the Acid phase forms from the first compound and cannot be converted back into the first compound. 309807/133 2