DE2218993A1 - DEVICE FOR ELECTROSTATICALLY APPLICATION OF LOOSE PARTICLES TO A SURFACE TO BE COATED - Google Patents

Description

PATENT Attorney DIPL.-ING. GERD UTERMANN 71 HEiLBRONN. KAISERSTRASSE 54, POST BOX 1145

(NSUBAU HANOKLSBANK. OSOENOaER OF HARMONY) O71 SI / 8 28 28 · TBLEOR .: PATU · KONTENi HANDELSBANK KEILBRONN AG. 23 O8O POST CHECK STUTTGART 430IS

J 5. 32 D. 18. April 1972 Ut / Ke / Ra

Patent and utility model help s registration; ■

Applicant: Mr.

Horst Jäger

. D-7132 Illingen Banzhafstrasse 18 ··

Device for the electrostatic application of loose Particles on a surface to be coated.

The invention relates to a device for the electrostatic application of loose particles to a surface, wherein, the Particles of a preferably cup-shaped, with an insulating container provided with electrodes connected to high voltage under the effect of the electric field to the surface to be coated. The invention particularly relates to a hand. advises.

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Devices of this type are mainly used today to cover surfaces with a velor-like cover made of small To coat fibers. For this purpose, an area to be coated is first coated with an electrically conductive adhesive or sprayed. A tension is then placed between the adhesive and the surface, for example

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Can be 10 to 10 volts. The little fibers will poured onto the bowl-shaped container on the device, fly under the effect of the electrostatic field, So the Coulomb forces, to the glue and become in these literally "shot in", so that you get very beautiful, · velor-like surfaces, e.g. for furniture and Living rooms are used, but also for the coating of motor vehicle roofs.

In the same way, it has also been possible to produce granules from substances with a low specific weight, e.g. Perlite or vermiculite or light sands, to be used for electrostatic coating, whereby'man in the same way proceed as described above for fibers. This process is used, among other things, for the production of sandpaper used, see '. Scientific American, March 1972, pp. 47 to 58, also on coating walls. One receives on This way very nice surfaces, which admittedly have the disadvantage · that the material used because of its Porosity is not resistant. For this reason, such coatings are used on heavily used walls, e.g. in hotels, counter halls or the like. Subject to heavy wear and tear. '

On the other hand, it has been shown that even when high voltages are used, granules made of resistant materials with a higher specific weight, e.g. granite or marble

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split, cannot be processed with the known devices can.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is also suitable for Granules made from substances with a higher specific weight are suitable.

According to the invention, this is done in the case of a device mentioned at the beginning achieved by the fact that for processing particles in the form of relatively heavy granules, e.g. glass crumbs, Granite or marble chippings, a vibrator is provided on the device, which vibrates the granules in the container offset. The vibrations give the individual grains an initial acceleration, and that's it surprisingly shown that this. Initial acceleration is sufficient to put the 'grains under the effect of the applied electrostatic field to fly bring and get very good quality coatings. The oscillation amplitude is expediently adapted to the type of granulate in order to achieve an optimal coating to obtain.·

The initial acceleration caused by the shaking can in the case of inexperienced operators, there is a risk that initially, especially after filling the device too much granulate flies away from the device; A skilled worker can counteract this by holding the container initially holds almost horizontally and in this way can achieve very good coatings. After another An inexperienced operator is also given the feature of the invention very good results if the device is designed in such a way that the insulating container has a storage space is provided for the particles to be processed,

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and that this storage space is connected via a throttle point to a point on the container from which the particles can fly to the surface to be coated. The throttle point is expediently made adjustable. The vibrator only feeds a certain amount of grains per unit of time through the throttle opening, so that only this amount can fly away to the wall to be coated and consequently a very uniform coating is obtained. In this case, the vibrator has a double function, namely a) conveying a metered flow of granules to the take-off point and b) providing an initial acceleration at the take-off point. The vibrator and the throttle point therefore work together as a device for the metered supply of the granulate to the take-off point. It should be pointed out that other metering devices can also be used, but that the combination mentioned has proven to be particularly suitable and advantageous in view of the special conditions, in particular the very high voltages.

As already mentioned, very high voltages can be required in a device according to the invention. ¹ Such voltages are usually generated by means of cascade circuits that contain a large number of capacitors. In practice, it has been shown that such capacitors have a so-called "recharging effect", ie when they have been discharged by short-circuiting, a voltage that can reach values of 10,000 V, for example, arises across them after some time. For safety reasons (avoiding the ignition of ignitable mixtures; risk of electric shocks for the operators) one proceeds according to the invention in such a way that the device is attached to the container for the particles in a manner known per se.

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having articulated elongated insulating member, and that on an earthing switch for earthing the im. insulating container arranged electrode is provided. This way you get a permanent one when needed Ground the electrode. In the event of a short interruption in operation, e.g. to refill granules or fibers, you can easily switch the device with this earthing switch short circuit which supplies the high voltage. But this is also the case when the high-voltage device is switched off Switch is very important because it safely discharges the charge generated by the aforementioned "recharge" to earth.

Further details, advantageous developments, configurations, Essential features and advantages of the invention are to shorten the introduction to the description only dealt with in the following description, .the drawings and the claims ". ·..

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings of exemplary embodiments.

It showj

Pig. 1 shows a first embodiment of an inventive Device, partly in longitudinal section;

Pig. FIG. 2 is a view taken along line II-II of FIG Pig. 1; * '

Pig. 3 a section, seen along the line III-III de £ Pig. 1; ^:

Pig. Figure 4 is a view taken along arrows IV-IV of Pig. 1, on a reduced scale;

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Pig. 5 shows a representation of a second exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention and

Pig. 6 is a partially sectioned illustration, seen along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5.

The device or applicator 10 shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially of a bowl-shaped container (also called "screen") for receiving the particles 12 to be processed and a tubular, elongated insulating member 13 closed at the rear "end, for example a plexiglass. tube which is provided with a handle 14. The container 11 and the insulating member 13 are connected to one another via a hinge 15, which the latter can be loosened by means of a wing nut 16 to adjust the container 11 , the container 11 with the insulating member 13 held horizontally have approximately the angular position shown, while with heavier particles 12, such as marble fragments or the like. The container 11 is rotated, for example, by 30 ° clockwise into a more horizontal position.

The container 11 consists of an insulating material suitable for the voltages that occur, and inside its interior is an electrode 17, the shape of which is shown in FIG 12 to be charged evenly to the potential of this electrode 17 in order to obtain a uniform coating. The electrode 17 is connected to a fixed contact 19 in the insulating member 13 via a high-voltage cable 18, and a high-voltage cable 23 leads from the contact 19 to a high-voltage generator (not shown), the

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Connection takes place in a known manner via series resistors, in order to reduce the current below the permissible minimum value of e.g. 0.7 mA in the event of unintentional contact with the electrode 17 and reduce the voltage to a safe level.

With the fixed contact 19> which is made of iron, for example a movable contact 24, which is designed as a magnet and which is arranged at the end of a rod 25, interacts and is connected to earth (ground) via a cable (not shown). On the rod 25, the handle 14 is made of ■ ' Insulating material attached, which is provided on its outside with a conductive coating, so that on the operator accumulated electrical charge can flow through it to earth. This handle 14 is as in FIG. 2 shown, passed through a hook-shaped recess 26 of the insulating member 13 to the outside, in the illustrated Position, or in the locked position 31 (Fig. 2), presses the handle 14 the rod 25 against the action of a compression spring 27 to the right, whereby the movable contact 24 against a likewise magnetic fixed contact 28, in whose central bore 29 the rod 25 is guided is. If, on the other hand, the handle 14 is disengaged, the spring pushes it. 27 to the left into the designated 30 in FIG Position, with the movable contact 24 resting against the fixed contact 19 (which is due to the magnetism des Kontakt.24 is still supported) and the electrode 17 is grounded, so that this without the risk of an electrical Can be touched with a shock and without sparkingJ It can be seen with such a construction without further ado an explosion-proof design of the earthing switch is possible, if the central hole 29 is made accordingly long and with small tolerances.

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An electromagnet 41 is attached to the insulating member 13 by means of two half-shells 35 and 36 (5 ¹ Ig. "3), which are connected to one another and to the insulating member 13 by screws 37, 38, the two pole shoes 42 and 43 of which are shown in FIGS 1 and 3 and which can be connected, for example, to a 50 Hz alternating current network via a cable 44. A soft iron sheet 45 welded to the half-shell 35 is attached directly in front of the pole pieces 42, 43, the shape of which is shown in FIG

is registered and that when the electromagnet 41 is switched on, it is attracted by it a hundred times a second so that the entire assembly vibrates and as The vibrator acts on the insulating member 13 and the container 11 constantly vibrates, which also causes the particles to vibrate and experience an acceleration.

The sheet metal of the half-shell 35, on which the electromagnet 41 is attached, has two, interrupted in FIG. 1 Lines shown elongated holes' 47J 48, by means of which the distance between the electromagnet 41 and the soft iron sheet 45 can be changed. If this distance increases, the vibrations become weaker; on the other hand, if it becomes smaller, so the oscillation amplitude increases. In this way, when processing heavy particles, e.g. from coarse granite chippings, increase the vibration amplitude as required. Instead of the one shown Vibrators can of course also be used any other types of vibrators.

In operation, after loosening the wing nut 16, the shell-shaped container 11 is set to the inclination required for the processed granulate'12, where the handle 14 is in its position 30 (FIG. 2), in which the contacts 24 and 19 who together den

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The desired granulate 12 is then placed on the container 11. .- '. The earthing switch 19 »24 is then opened by pulling the handle 14 back into the latching position 31 (FIG. 2) against the force of the spring 27> and the electromagnet 41 and the high-voltage device (not shown) are switched on, whereby, for example, the electrode 17 receives a voltage of 80 kV (+, or -) to earth particles 12, a check ■ ■ scavenging acceleration and then migrate along the lines of force elektrisehen to appropriately prepared adhesive surface, which is not shown '- -..:

With some skill on the part of the operator Coatings can be achieved very well with the device according to FIGS. 1 to 4, but one is required. Beginner one certain learning time. In order to shorten this learning time. And also inexperienced operators consistently good To enable results, the device 60 of FIGS. 5 and 6 was created. This device has a vibrator 61, which can be constructed in the same way as the vibrator according to FIG. 1, is arranged on the container 62. "It is explicit here point out that in this second embodiment, the vibrator in exactly the same way as can be arranged in Fig. 1 on the insulating member 63, which due to the high voltages used mostly from electrical Reasons is preferable, and vice versa, the arrangement of the vibrator according to FIG. 5 in the same way is possible in the first embodiment. The use of two vibrators can also be advantageous for large devices be. "·

In the second exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6

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the container 62 has a different structure, namely most of it is designed as a storage container 64 with a closed front wall 65; on his On the top there is a refill opening 66 for refilling granules 67 over the entire rear wall 68 of the container 62 extends here as well which is connected to a high voltage source via lines 70, 71 Electrode 72.

In the lower left corner, related to Pig. '6, there is a field _75}, the insulating front wall 65 does not extend over that. This field 75 is separated from the storage container 64 by a partition wall formed from two mutually adjustable parts 76, 77 and connected to it via an opening or throttle point 78. It can be seen that the opening 78 can be enlarged or reduced in size by mutually displacing the parts 76 and 77, according to the grain size of the granulate used.

The embodiment according to the Pig. 5 and 6 works as follows: Before commissioning and with the earthing switch closed, the storage container 64 is filled with granules 67 is filled and the size of the opening 78 is set to the desired value, e.g. using a table.

Then the earthing switch is operated by means of the handle 14 opened and the vibrator 61 switched on, so that now a steady, metered flow of granules 67 through the Opening 78 to the left (based on Pig. 6) to field 75 is promoted. Vibrator 61 and opening 78 thus work together as a ^ dosing device. In PeId 75 the Grains of the granulate 67 accelerated by the vibrations of the vibrator and then fly under the action of the applied electrostatic field to the loading

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layering surface. Since the flow of grains flying off is metered in the manner according to the invention, is the coating-extraordinarily evenly, and you receives a qualitatively extraordinarily good and also aesthetically very satisfactory work.

The entire container 62 according to the! Pig. 5 and 6 is expedient as a molded piece made of an insulating plastic manufactured.

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Claims (13)

PATENT Attorney DIPL.-ING. GERD UTERMANN 71 HEILBRONN. KAISERSTRASSE 54, POST BOX 1145 ~ ~ λ QQQO (N (UBAU HANDELSBANK, OEOENObEB OF HARMONY) . £ - £. IV / v / 31/8 28 28 · TELEOB .: PATU · KONTENi HANDELSBANK HEILBRONN AO, 23OSO «POSTSCHECK STUTTOART 43Olβ Horst Jäger J 5. 32 D 4 D-7132 ! Hingen April 18, 1972 Ut / Ke / Ea - 12 protection claims Device for the electrostatic application of loose particles to a surface, whereby the particles of, a preferably bowl-shaped ,. with one on High-voltage connected electrode provided with insulating container under the action of the electrical Flying field to this area, thereby gekennz eiohnet that for processing Particles (12; 67) in the form of relatively heavy granules, e.g. glass crumbs, granite or marble chips, a vibrator (41; 61) is provided on the device (10; 60), which shakes the granules in the container (11; 62) vibrated. 2. Device according to · Claim Ί ", characterized in that that the device (10) in a manner known per se on the container (11) for the particles has articulated elongated handle (13), and that the vibrator (41) is arranged on this handle is (Fig. 1-4)., 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized marked z e ichne t, dai3 the vibrator (61) is arranged on the container (6Z). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ./13 309844/0198 J 5. 32 D 4
18.4.72 Ut / Ke g e k e η η ζ e denotes that a device (47, 48) to adjust the amplitude and / or the working frequency the vibrator (41) is provided. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4 »characterized in that that the vibrator has an electromagnet (41) that can be connected to an alternating current source has, which is assigned a ferromagnetisch.es part (45) is, which can be made to vibrate when the electromagnet is excited, and that for adjusting the amplitudes of the vibrations, the distance from the electromagnet to the ferromagnetic part is adjustable (47, 48) is. ■ ■ 6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is marked. e t, 'that the insulating Container (62) is provided with a storage space (64) for the particles (67) to be processed, and that this storage space (64) is connected to a point (75) of the container (62) via a throttle point (78) from which the particles (67) can fly to the surface to be coated. · 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized ei without t that a device (76, 77) for adjusting the size of the throttle point (78) is provided is. 8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized calibrate that the pantry (64) at a point of the iso- at the top during operation. container (62) with a filler neck, lle (66) is provided for filling in the particles to be processed (67). ./H 309844/0198 J 5. 32 D 4
18.4.72 Ιίΐ / Ke -H- 9 · Device for the electrostatic application of loose particles on a surface, wherein the particles of a preferably shell-shaped, with a high voltage connected electrode provided, insulating container under the action of the electrical Flying field to this area, thereby marked as the isolating one. Container (62) with a storage space (64) for the to processing particles (67) is provided, and that a device (61, 78) for metered supply of the Particles (67) to a point (75) of the container (62) is provided from which the particles (67) to the coating surface can fly. 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by that the device for metered feeding one to the size of the to be processed Particle (67) adapted opening (78) and a vibrator (61) for generating a particle flow through has this opening (78). 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, d adurch 'characterized in that it is in a known manner on the container (11; 62) for the particles (12; 67) hinged elongated '■ _a insulating member (13; 63), and that an earthing switch (19, 24) for earthing the electrode (17; 72) arranged in the insulating container (11; 62) is provided in this insulating member. 12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that that a handle (H) is provided on the elongated insulating member (13; 63), and that this Handle (H) as the actuating element of the earthing 309844/0198 J 5. 32 D 4
18.4.72 Ut / Ke switch (19> 24) is formed. 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that that the earthing switch (19, 24) has a contact (24) loaded by a spring (27) " has that the handle (H) - has a latching position (31) in which this spring (27) is held taut and that to close the earthing switch (19 »24) the handle (i4) is out of its locking position. (31) can be disengaged, the contact (24) under the ' Action of the spring (27) against a high-tension counter-contact (19) sets and this with Earth connects. H. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that that the movable contact (24) is designed as a magnet, and that at least .der mating contact (19) which can be connected to high voltage is made of magnetic material. ' 3Q98U / 0198