DE2156676B2 - Preparations for promoting the growth of plants and animals - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an agent for promoting the growth of plants and animals Use of a vitamin and ubiquinone. The agent according to the invention is capable of the life of To preserve individual organisms and tissues of animals and plants, to promote their biological activity and to maintain the activity of fresh animal or plant products. It is ultimately used to regulate the Growth of plants and the facilitation or guarantee of root formation of trees or Flowers capable.

When individual organisms are transferred from their appropriate environment into a completely different one then the tissues or their cells can be. can no longer maintain their normal state and lose their resilience.

Such phenomena occur when plants are cut, planted on a cut, transplanted and the like, or if due to pathogenic insects or climatic environments abnormal growth occurs. Such phenomena appear in plants and especially noticeable in fruits.

Means for increasing activity have already been described. So is from the FR-PS 1343 482 a Feed additive based on ubiquinone known. This basic substance can contain further components, z. B. Salt mixtures and vitamins are added. Plant growth substances with a content of tocopherol or a mixture thereof are given in GB-PS 993 395 and BE-PS 644 953 been. However, the increases in activity achieved with these conventional additives can, in particular with a view to promoting plant growth, yet not completely satisfy.

It has now been found that the activities can be increased even more effectively by means of the type mentioned at the beginning. The agent is characterized in that it contains α-tocopherol and ubiquinone in molar amounts of 1: 4 to 3: 2 as active ingredients. The proper concentration ranges of the components are respectively 10 ~ ^IS mol / l to 10 "" ² mol / l, preferably 10 ~ ¹⁴ mol / l to 10 ^ft ~ mol / l.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the agent can additionally use an iron compound as a stabilizer contain.

Are fresh animal or plant products with a solution of a-tocopherol and ubiquinone treated in the given amount for a reasonable period, then the fresh produce in the active state can be returned and for long periods m a state be preserved, in which no decrease in fresh takes place, I _n this case the proteins and other components are not destroyed, and there is no quality degradation instead.

The agent according to the invention can also be used for regulating the growth of plants. It namely, it has been found that various phenomena of plant growth including the Flowering can ultimately be determined by the ratio of u-tocopherol to ubiquinone. Furthermore, was found that when a-tocopherol and ubiquinone in the plant bodies in a certain molar ratio and are present in a defined concentration, the plants accelerate growth regardless of the experience specific environmental conditions

Unfavorable environmental fractions, which cause great difficulties in plant growth, can also be compensated for by administering the agent according to the invention to the plants. In this case, growth can be promoted under any environmental conditions simply by administering the agent to the seedlings or the roots of any plants over very short periods of time, as is shown in the examples. take place. Bring even under conditions that do not bloom and do not fertilize the plants ά .: treated plants to bloom and a Befruchtune can be brought. The environmental restrictions on the plants regulate not only flowering, but also all stages of growth, for example germination, root formation, reproduction of the plants, and the like The usability of the plants can thus be extremely increased. The planting (ie the formation of roots) of plants can also be influenced in a simple and reliable manner.

The application of the agent according to the invention can reduce the activity of a cut branch or a growth point can be returned to the original state before cutting, by cutting the branch or growing point to be used for planting, is immersed in the agent, the treatment concentration and the treatment fit adjusted be that the «-tocopherol and the ubiquinone inside the plant body in the desired Concentration. As a result, the absorption and movement of water and the Nutrients are carried through the cut branch normally, and the activity of the plant can be carried out without Difficulties are sustained until the roots develop from the cut branch to have.

When using a fertilizer or an agricultural chemical agent together with the invention Medium can shorten the time it takes for the cut branch to take root and the yield of the root formation can be increased. Thus, even with fields with a small area a higher harvest yield can be expected.

As shown by the following comparative results, those of the present invention Agents achieved beneficial effects upon administration of either ubiquinone or α-tocopherol not achieved alone.

Results of the comparison tests
I. Plants

There were 4.3 mg u-tocopherol, and 100 mg of a surfactant (Polyoxyäthylensorbilmonooleat) and dissolved in 100 ml distilled water containing obtain a 10 ~ ⁴ mol / l α-TocopheroI solution (Α solution) dissolved.

6.6 mg of ubiquinone and 100 mg of the surfactant mentioned above was dissolved and mixed _t0 in 100 ml of distilled water to obtain a 10 ^"4 mol / l of ubiquinone-containing solution (B solution).

By mixing suitable amounts of the A solution and the B solution and, if necessary, topping up with distilled water, a total of five different solutions were produced in which the molar ratios of a-tocopherol / ubiquinone were 0/1, 1.4. 1.1, 3/2 u ⁿ d represent 1/0. In all of these solutions, the total molar concentration of (i-tocopherol and ubiquinone was 1O ^-5 mol / l.

Chinese cabbage seeds (Kinsho species) were each ^{immersed in one of the above solutions for 1 1} ₂ hours at room temperature under atmospheric pressure, further treated for 45 minutes under reduced pressure, then taken out and air-dried at room temperature for one day. The seeds treated in this way were sown in a bed of earth and cultivated in a green room at a temperature of 8 to 13 ° C for 40 days. The results are summarized in the table below. An aqueous solution containing only 0.01% of the surfactant was used as an additional control.

Table 1

Ί-tocopherol ^ -
^^ ~ ^ ~ ^ ubiquinone Fresh weight above the earth
(Grams per plant)
after 40 days control 202 0/1 250 1/4 301 1/1 328 3/2 280 I / O 234

35

40

45

50

From the table above it can be seen that with an equimolar mixture of ubiquinone and u-tocopherol increases fresh weight and growth within a defined period of time the plant against ubiquinone alone (0/1 solution), the control solution and against u-tocophero! alone (1/0 solution) is achieved.

2. Animals

4.3 mg a-tocopherol, and 100 ml of the surfactant mentioned above were mixed and contained in 100 ml of distilled water to obtain a 10 ^"4 mol / l a-tocopherol solution (A solution) dissolved.

6.6 mg of ubiquinone and 100 ml of surface active agent were dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water to obtain a solution containing 10 ~ ⁴ mol / l of ubiquinone containing (B-solution).

When using suitable amounts of A-solution and B-solution and after mixing them or, if necessary, dissolving them with distilled water, four different solutions were produced, the molar ratios of α-tocopherol / ubjquinone of 0/1 1 / 4.1 / 1 and 1/0. In all these cases the total molar content of α-tocopherol and ubichinoi was adjusted in such a way that a concentration of less than ^10-12 mol / l was present.

100 Corbicula atrata were placed in the respective L & solutions immersed and stored at room temperature in the closed state. In addition, eir Control experiment carried out in the same way only using before water

After 25 days, the results shown in the table below were found:

after
25 days

Table 2 after after .! - TocopheroKx ^ 15 days 20 days Percentage of Ci 63 0 s' ubiquinone after 54 0 control 10 days 72 5 0/1 78 95 95 1/4 80 70 G 11 85 1/0 100 81

0
0
0
80
0

The table above also shows that the use of the agent according to the invention from α-tocopherol and ubiquinone an improved effect both against each of the individual substances as can also be achieved with respect to water alone.

From the above comparative results, that by using ubiquinone and α-tocopherol clearly visible synergistic effect achieved in the claimed ratio.

The preparation of the mixture of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone is best carried out in one homogeneous aqueous solution. That is, the water-insoluble α-tocopherol and ubiquinone are in Incorporated the presence of a wetting agent in a homogeneous aqueous solution and in this form as Activity accelerator or as an activity retention agent used. The wetting agents used represent non-ionic wetting agents compared to living ones Bodies are not toxic. Wetting agents of the polyoxyalkylene system are also suitable. As special effective wetting agents can be polyoxyethylene sorbitol monostearate and polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate be mentioned.

The homogeneous aqueous solution of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone is prepared as follows Way:

a-tocopherol and ubiquinone are weighed exactly and in a suitable order with a not ' ionic wetting agents thoroughly mixed. Then the resulting mixture is slowly mixed with water diluted, whereby the α-tocopher oil and the ubiquinone be dispersed homogeneously in water. The resulting homogeneous solution is mixed with water further diluted to the appropriate concentration and used as a treatment solution. In this case it has been confirmed that a quantitative change in the wetting agent has no direct relationship to the Activation effect of the treatment solution on the

living body. To obtain a clear, homogeneous aqueous solution, it is sufficient to mix the ii-tocopherol and the ubiquinone with a wetting agent in 10 to 20 times the total weight of a-tocopherol and ubiquinone. Ordinary s SHORT- are the a-tocopherol and the ubiquinone in the aqueous solution in each case l and the wetting agent therein and having a concentration of 10 ^-3 to 10 ^-4 mol / at a concentration of 0.2 to 0.5 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution. The solution is then diluted to the desired concentration.

The aqueous solution of α-Tocopherol and ubiquinone at a suitable concentration have an affinity for the living Bodies. The dispersibility of the treatment solution through living bodies is excellent.

The treatment solution prepared in this way ' however, it is zo towards air (oxygen) and light due to the chemical properties of a-tocopherol and ubiquinone relatively sensitive. There is therefore a risk of reducing the effectiveness of the agent slowly decreased. Even if the treatment solution is in a light-shielding vessel or in a preservation vessel where air has been exchanged with an inert gas is kept often the deterioration is quite inevitable.

The effectiveness of the treatment solution composed of «-tocopherol and ubiquinone will deteriorate and stability for extended periods of time when the treatment solution is treated as follows. The homogeneous Aqueous solution of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone can be stabilized by adding the solution to a temperature of 70 ° C to the decomposition temperature of α-tocopherol under atmospheric pressure or under pressure for a short period of time, e.g. B. 5 to 30 minutes immediately after preparation the solution heated. The solution can in this way remain stable over extended periods of time stored if it is kept in a wire-shielded condition.

In addition to the described procedure for preparing a treatment solution using of wetting agents can be a clear homogeneous aqueous solution of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone produced by α-tocopherol and ubiquinone using hydrophilic, nucleophilic, polar organic solvents as dispersing medium is made water-soluble. The solvents used according to the invention are such nucleophilic solvents as dimethyl sulfoxide, Dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, tetrahydrofuran and tetramethylphosphoramide. There these solvents have a high dissolving activity for the water-insoluble α-tocopherol and ubiquinone and also have a high affinity for water, these solvents can already be used make the α-tocopherol and the ubiquinone water-soluble in relatively small amounts. The usage a solvent in an amount of 10 percent by weight or less based on the resulting *; Solution is sufficient. It is well known that diethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, etc. due to their high polarity or high affinity have high permeability and that they still have excellent permeability even when applied to living bodies. In particular, the dimethyl sulfoxide is as Medicinal valuable. These solvents are therefore for the homogeneous and rapid dispersion of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone in the individual organisms very beneficial when these with the treatment solution be treated.

As already stated, the aqueous solution of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone is relative unstable, and it is rapidly decomposed by exposure to light or dissolved nitrogen. These solvents however, as nucleophilic solvents, they have excellent dissolving properties and they work also to a considerable extent as a radical scavenger. The solvents mentioned therefore also act as stabilizers.

As stated earlier, the activity of different living bodies and tissues can be can be obtained in different ways using α-tocopherol and ubiquinone. So were Substances found which are capable of producing the ri-tocopherol-ubiquinone-S ^. '. Em in the living organism in a stable state: .u hold. It has been found that such substances are iron ions. Therefore, Lisenverbindungen, such as Eisenattrat. Iron chloride, iron sulfate and the like can be used as stabilizers.

The addition of the iron compound as an activator can have a more positive effect in a wider one Area attributed to the abnormality of living organisms caused by various reasons is. The iron ions are used in amounts equivalent to that of the µ-tocopherol are or are above.

The aqueous solution which contains the agent according to the invention in a suitable concentration has an affinity for living organisms and therefore good dispersibility in them. Hence can the dispersion of the tocopherol and ubiquinone poured through into living bodies or their tissues known working methods such as absorption, immersion. Surface coating, spraying and the like, very good take place.

The invention is illustrated in the examples.

example 1

4.3 mg u-tocopherol and 100 mg of wetting agent (PoIyoxyäthylensorbitmonooleat) were mixed with 100 ml of distilled water, thereby obtaining a solution A / l had a concentration of 10 ^"4 mol.

6.6 mg of ubiquinone and 100 mg of the above wetting agent were mixed with 100 ml of distilled water, whereby a solution B whose concentration was 10 "* mol / l was obtained.

By preparing samples with suitable volumes of solutions A and B and mixing these above and diluting the resulting mixture to the desired volumes, sieber types of solutions were obtained in which the molar proportions α-tocopherol and ubiquinone 1: 0.8 : 2 6: 4, 5: 5.4: 6.2: 8 and O: 1 was-än. However, the Gesamtoumiru of moles of a-tocopherol and ubiquinone wurdi l kept at 2 x 10 ^-7 mol /.

Radish seedlings (kind of comet) which had been germinated in advance were put into the individual above The above-mentioned solutions were immersed for 30 minutes. The seedlings were then immediately ti 1/5000-A pots planted with quartz sani

were filled. In a boiling chamber with continuous lighting (30,000 lux) during the day and grown at night at 25C. Each pot contained five radishes. The five radishes, however, were after one week reduced to three per pot. The seedlings were grown in the control experiment, where distilled water was used in place of the solutions.

Table I gives the stem length and flowering of the radishes 45 days after the start of cultivation.

Table I.

ii-tocopherol
Ubiquinone

Control attempt
0/1

2/8
4/6
5/5
6/4
8/2
1/0

Stcngelliingc
Jcm)

2.7 12th 13.5 18th 21

2.3

0.5

low

not differentiated

Buds

Buds

Buds

blooming

Buds

not differentiated

not differentiated

continuous exposure (luminescent lamp: 4000 lux). Each pot had five seedlings. Seedlings were also grown in the control experiment, using distilled water in place of the solution was used.

The result was that all plants whose seedlings had been treated with the solution of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone, themselves had differentiated in terms of flower buds. In the control experiment, one breeding took place no cultivation at all for 5 months after sowing. Table II gives the change in Flower ratio again over time.

Table II

Differentiation for the flower buds
and the flower ratio

Example 2

«-Tocopherol 4.3 mg

Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q ·,) 6.6 mg

Wetting agent (polyoxyethylene sorbitol

monooleate) 200 mg

distilled water 100 ml

The emulsion obtained by mixing the above ingredients was diluted to 1,000 times the original volume with water. The resulting solution was added to bindweed seedlings (species: large-flowered purple). These had previously been allowed to germinate on a Petri dish for 30 minutes. The seedlings were then immediately placed in 1/5000 A pots. which were filled with quartz sand, transferred and at 25 C night and day in an incubation chamber

treatment

Solution of
(t-tocopherol
and ubiquinone
None (control attempt)

50 days
after sowing

Differentiated for
Flower buds

1ST FLOOR 0

Flowered

0 0

85 days after sowing

Differentiated for Blood buds

100 0

Bloom

100
0

Example 3

The emulsion of Example 2 was diluted with water to 1000 times the original volume. the resulting solution was added to the seedlings of soybeans (species: octiharabeans) grown in germinated 30 minutes beforehand.

The seedlings were sown in pots which had been filled with soil. In a glass chamber was cultivated at 30 ° C. The tests continued for 23 days. The results obtained are shown in the table III compiled.

Table 111

treatment

length
of the grass

(cm)

number
of leaves fresh weight of planters »

above ground

underground
(G)

Root nodules per S plants

number
the adhesions

Fresh weight
(mg)

Solution of a-tocopherol

and ubiquinone

None (control attempt) ..

71.2
49.8

7.0
6.0

3.6
2.7

1.0
0.6

53
22nd

112.6

Example 4

The emulsion of Example 2 was diluted with water to the original volume lOOfache, whereby an aqueous solution in a concentration of 10 ~ ⁶ mol / l (solution A) was obtained. An aqueous solution containing 1000 ppm of iron citrate in terms of Fe was also prepared (solution B). 10 ml of the solution A and 10 ml of the solution B were added to 980 ml of distilled water and mixed thoroughly with stirring, whereby a solution C was obtained.

Cucumber seeds were trained in a farm. 50 ecm of the solution were applied to the leaves Sprayed for 2 days per seedling. The seedlings

were cultivated in the usual manner for 67 days. At the same time, seedlings were grown using Tap water in place of Solution C was sprayed.

409585/392

In Table IV the overall yields during this cultivation period are shown.

Table V Table IV

ßchandluni!

treatment

A solution from

H-tocopherol and

Ubiquinone

(Coenzyme Q ₇ ) ..
No

(Control experiment)

Total yields / number of seedlings

number

9.0
4.6

weight

1172
531

A solution from

(/ -Tocopherol and
ίο Ubiquinone

(Coenzyme Q-,)

None (control attempt)

Example 5

The emulsion of Example 2 was heated 30 minutes at 120 'C in an autoclave ^1. The resulting solution was diluted with water to form an aqueous solution having a concentration of 10 ~ ⁷ mol / l. 10 eggplant seedlings were placed in pots filled with earth. The ratio was one seedling per pot. After 2 days, 200 ml of the solution with the concentration of 10 " ⁷ mol / l was injected at the roots of the eggplant seedlings. The seedlings were grown in a greenhouse at 25 Hs 30 C for 58 days, adding to the seedling in appropriate amounts Ammonium sulfate and nitrogen and potassium phosphate fertilizers were added, and seedlings sprinkled with water in place of the solution were grown at the same time as a control, and the results obtained are shown in Table V.

Total yield / seedling

average

number

2.4
1.8

weight
(S)

132
92

15th

Example 6

The emulsion of Example 2 was diluted with water to 1000 times the original volume. the cut ends of 20 cut rose branches (species: Early Francis) with a length of 20 cm with four connecting leaves were immersed in the resulting solution and out of the solution removed after 30 minutes. Then five cuttings per pot were planted in 1.5-1 flower pots, which were filled with quartz sand and thoroughly filled with water. The pots were in a glass chamber of 23 C during the day and 18 C at night. Those plants whose cut off Ends dipped in distilled water in place of the solution were in the same Grown as control plants.

The percentage survival of the cuttings and the cultivation process are given in Table VI. The cultivation was carried out for 74 days.

Table VI

treatment

A solution of »/ -Tocopherol
and ubiquinone

None (controversy).

. number
of the survivors

20th

Percentage survival

100 cultivation process

The activity of the stems and leaves was from the start of planting and pruning
not changed. Auxiliary buds were pulled after one month and the new twigs were quickly expanded after 2 months.

The activity of the plants was reduced after planting. The leaves ver
gradually scented and fell away. the
Branches turned brown after a month,
and water absorption stopped. the
Auxiliary buds were all weathered.

Example 7

The emulsion of example 2 was diluted with water jf the original volume, Cut branches of maple with four leaves and a length of 25 cm, the resulting solution was immersed. After 30 mils the twigs were removed from the solution, i.e. three twigs were placed in three rows in a pot > n ί / 5000-Α, which was filled with earth, planted, After planting and cutting, the pots were placed near the window of a chamber with an atmospheric temperature of 20 to 23 ° C. It water was added thoroughly. The pots were left.

Those cutlets that are only distilled in that Water that had been used was also planted as a control. It was caught for 58 days Tests carried out. The formation of the cut branches and the cultivation process are compiled in Table VII

Table VII

treatment number
of experiences Percentage
Survival Cultivation process Its solution of «-Tocopherol
and ubiquinone
None (control attempt) 9
0 100
0 Activation of the stem and the leaves
was not changed after planting
been. The green color of the leaves went down
not lost. The water absorption through
the cut ends took place continuously
fiercely further. The leaves showed
IV2 months a natural red color.
The auxiliary buds were thick, and am
cut end was a callus formation
ascertain, and also had themselves
Roots formed.
After 5 days of planting, the started
Weathering leaves. They were gradual
weathered and fell off. After a month
all parts were weathered.

B e i s ρ i e 1 8

«-Tocopherol 4.3 mg

Ubiquinone (coenzyme Q ₇ ) 6.6 mg;

Dimethyl sulfoxide 100 ml

The components mentioned were mixed with one another. The resulting solution was diluted with water to form a solution which contained α-tocopherol and ubiquinone each with a concentration of 10 " ⁷ mol / l (solution A) - 10 "contained ¹³ mol / l (solution B). Then one end of 20 sprouts (18 cm) of spindle trees was immersed at the cut end and left in solution A for 30 minutes at normal temperature. Likewise, 20 sprouts thereof were similarly treated and left in solution B for 24 hours. Then they were taken out of the solutions. The cut ends were washed with water. Five heads of these were planted in a pot filled with black earth. The cultivation took place in a greenhouse at temperatures of 25 to 28 ° C. per day over a period of 67 days. Table VIII shows the results obtained. It was also immersed in water as a control.

Table VIII

treatment

Solution of a-tocopherol and ubiquinone (ΙΟ "" ⁷ mol / l)

Solution of a-tocopherol and ubiquinone (8 ΙΟ " ¹³ mol / I)

None (control attempt)

Example 9

α-Tocophcrol 4.3 mg

Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q ₇ ) 6.6 mg

Wetting agent (polyoxyethylene

sorbitol monooleate) 200 mg

Distilled water 100 ml

The components were mixed together, nd the resulting emulsion was diluted with water to give an in solution the α-tocopher oil and ubichi-

Percentage
Survival Root-
growth
the root
pulled
Cut pieces
(G) 90
100
80 0.171
0.479
0.114

growth
the root-drawn
Cut pieces

(cm)

60 3.98

12.19
2.02

non in each case with a concentration of 10 ⁵ mol / l (solution A), and to a solution which contained these two in each case with a concentration of 8 - 10 ~ ^u mol / l (solution B). Similarly, an aqueous solution was prepared containing 1000 ppm iron citrate expressed as Fe (solution C).

10 ml of solution A and 10 ml of reading C were made added to 980 ml of distilled water and mixed thoroughly with stirring, resulting in a solution D was obtained. Similarly, 10 ml of the

solution B and 10 ml of solution C to 980 m! distilled Added water and mixed thoroughly with stirring to prepare Solution E. Then one end of 20 sprouts (18 cm) of spindle trees was soaked in Solution D for 30 minutes immersed for a long time, and an additional 20 sprouts were treated in Solution E for 24 hours. Then the sprouts were planted in pots in the same manner as in Example 8. The spindle trees were cultivated in a greenhouse for 67 days at 25 to 28 ° C. The results are in the table IX shown. As a controversial test, it was also immersed in water.

Table IX

growth

the root

drawn

Cut-

lingc

(cm)

Percent root tuale
Above- growth treatment life the root
drawn Cut
ling __ (§) _ Solution of u-tocopherol and ubiquinone 80 (IO " ⁷ mol / l) 0.206 Solution of α-tocopherol and ubiquinone 100 (8 ■ 10 ~ ¹³ mol / l) 80 0.289 None (control attempt) 0.114

6.33

9.98
2.02

Example 10

The emulsion of Example 9 was heated ^{to 120 ° C. in an autoclave for 30 minutes.} The resulting emulsion was diluted with water to a solution, the u-tocopherol and ubiquinone each with a concentration of 10 ^"7 mol / l (solution A), and a solution containing the two substances each with a concentration of 8 x 10 ~ ¹³ Mol / L (solution B), and then one end of 20 sprouts (18 cm) of spindle trees at the cut end was immersed and left at normal temperature in solution A for 30 minutes, and another row of 20 sprouts became the same In the manner of 24 hours, they were taken out of the solutions, the cut ends were washed with water, 5 sprouts were each planted in a pot filled with black earth. Cultivation was carried out in a greenhouse at 25-28 ° C. during the day over a period of 67 days The results are summarized in Table X. A control experiment was carried out in the usual manner using water.

Table X

20th

treatment

Solution of
fj-tocopherol and
Ubiquinone
(IO ~ ⁷ mol / l)

Solution of

(/ -Tocopherol and

Ubiquinone

(8 · 10- ' ³ mol / l)

None (control! Try)

Percentage rj survival

100
80

Root growth the root-pulled

Cutting c

(G)

0.284

0.342
0.114

growth

the root

drawn

Cut-

lingc

(cm)

4.57

8.74
2.02

Example 11

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 100 times the original volume. The cut ends of ten cut branches of pine (black pine) with green leaves growing in the mountains (length 25 cm including the leaves) were immersed in the resulting solution and taken out after 30 minutes. Then five branches each cut were planted in a 1.5-1 blood vessel filled with quartz sand. Ls was thoroughly filled with water. Cultivation was carried out in a glass chamber at 23 ° C during the day and 18 ^C C at night over a period of 86 days. The corresponding values are given in Table XI.

Table XI

treatment number
of survivors Percentage
survival
(%) Cultivation process Solution of a-tocopherol
and ubiquinone
None (controversy) 10
0 100
0 No change in the green color of the
Leaves after planting the
Cut pieces. No trouble at that
cut ends of branches. To
3 months from implantation
the cut ends as a preliminary stage
a callus formation of the root growth
observed
The plants were a month after
Planting green, but then turned quickly
Brown. The water absorption of the whole
Rehearsals was canceled. The leaves
weathered.

Example 12

The emulsion of Example 9 was heated to 120 ° C. in an autoclave for 30 minutes. The resulting solution wu; de with water to the original volume lOOOfache diluted, thereby preparing a solution containing "tocopherol ubiquinone and in each case a concentration of 10" ⁷ mol /!.

The cut ends of 25 sprouts (15 cm) of the Japanese cedar (made in Masuyama, Toyama Prefecture, Japan) were immersed in the solution for 30 minutes. In each case there were 5 offspring planted in a pot. A total of 5 pots were available. Soil was filled into the pots. The cultivation took place in a greenhouse at 25 to 30 C per day over a period of 138 days. The results obtained are summarized in Table XII. An experiment was made for comparison made with water.

Table XII

treatment

Solution of <i-TocopheroI

and ubiquinone

None (control attempt).

Example 13

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 100 times the original volume. Cut off Flowers of a rose (species: Early Francis. Flower with five leaves) were placed in the for 30 minutes resulting solution is immersed and removed from the solution. The rose was then placed in an Erlenmeyer pot given, which was filled with distilled water. The flask was under a chamber Percentage of root wax

84%
52%

well ventilated at an atmospheric temperature of 25 to 30 C for 16 days. A rose, which had been immersed in water instead of the solution. was used as a control. Of the The degree of weathering of the cut flowers and the turbidity of the water were observed. Tabel XIII shows the results. The numerical values in the table are average values from 10 tests. Two roses were used in each experiment.

treatment

Solution of «-Tocopherol

and ubiquinone

None (control attempt) ..

Table XIII

Display graph ('\. |

25th

X day

0 100

Ifi. Day

0
100

. Day

Triihhcil of the water

3rd day

16. Dew

Example 14

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 100 times the original volume. A cut lily (stem length 50 cm, blooming) was in the resulting solution for 30 minutes submerged and removed from it. The lily was placed in an Erlenmeyer flask that came with was filled with distilled water. The flask was placed in a well ventilated chamber at atmospheric temperature given at 28 to 32 C for 12 days. Table XIV shows the results obtained. With Water, a control experiment was carried out.

treatment

Solution of «-Tocopherol
and ubiquinone

None (control attempt)

Table XIV

2 day

Activity of the blood cells. of the stem and the leaves
4th day

No change in the freshness of the flower, stem and leaves

The freshness was reduced overall, no change in the
Freshness of the flower, des
Stengeis and the leaves

The bloom was weathered
and the color of the
Leaves were destroyed.

11th day

No change in
Freshness of the flower, des
Stem and leaves

The tissue of the flower
and the leaves were
broken.

Example 15

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 100 times the original volume » The cut flowers of blooming carnations were immersed in the resulting solution for 30 minutes immersed and taken from it. The clove was placed in an Erlcnmeyer flask filled with distilled Water was filled. The flask was placed in a chamber that had good ventilation and was present in the atmospheric temperature of 28 to 32 ° C. This was done for 12 days to observe the degree of weathering. The results obtained are shown in Table XV. A control experiment was carried out with water.

Table XV

(O

treatment

3. Eradicate activity of the stem and leaves
6. T «g

11. Repayment

Solution of «-Tocopherol

and ubicbinon

None (control attempt)

No change in

Freshness.

The flower was weathered.

Example 16

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 1000 times the original volume, whereby a solution was obtained containing u-tocopherol and ubiquinone each in a concentration of 1 (contained P "mol 1. The resulting solution was further diluted with water to form a solution that contains these two components each in a concentration of 8-10 '"mol / l (solution A). Separately, an aqueous solution was prepared which contained 1000 ppm Iron citrate. expressed as Fe. contained (solution B).

IO ml of solution A and 10 ml of solution B were added to 980 ml of distilled water and under No change in freshness.

The flowers, stems, and leaves were almost weathered.

No change in

Freshness.

The upper part of the

Stem and leaves

was weathered and

became white.

Stir thoroughly mixed. The cut end of the cut flower of a non-flowering tulip (Total length 35 cm) was poured into the resulting solution and placed therein at room temperature Leave for 24 hours. The tulip was then placed in a flask containing a nutrient solution with a Nitrogen source, phosphates. Contained potassium salts and other nutrients. The flask was placed in a culture chamber of 15 C under continuous lighting day and night (mercury kimpe: 30,000 lux). Likewise, a control experiment with water was added. Table XVI / eiüt the change in the activity of the cut flowers before and after treatment.

Table XVI

treatment

Solution of «-Tocopherol
and ubiquinone

None (control attempt)

Activity of the flowers, the stems! and the leaves

3. lay

The leaves and flowers were all fresh and in full activity

The tips of the leaves had turned brown and the ends had shrunk.

55

Example 17

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to give a solution which u-tocopherol and ubiquinone each with a concentration of 8 · 10 "" "mol /! (solution A) contained. An aqueous solution was also prepared containing 1000 ppm of iron citrate, expressed as Fe, contained (solution B). 10 ml of solution A and 10 ml of solution B became 980 ml of distilled water and mixed thoroughly with stirring to prepare Solution C.

The root parts of 50 1-year-old seedlings of red pine trees were immersed in the solution C at the normal temperature for 24 hours and planted in a mold over a period of > ■ day

The leaves and the
Flower stems were
elongated, and a
had substantial blooming
trained.

The freshness of the leaves
and the flower stem
was lost.
Weathering ensued, the hue of the
Ends was destroyed
been.

8th day

The leaves and flower stems were both in thickness and length grown. All of the parts had maintained their activity continuously, with a considerable one Flower formation with a significant color took place.

Both the flowers and the leaves of all samples were weathered been. The spoilage of the cut ends and the turbidity of the nutrient fluid was considerable.

from 106 days, the condition and growth of the seedlings were observed. As a control experiment was worked with water. The results are shown in Table XVII.

Table XVII

treatment Average Percentage Growth (mm) survive Solution of Tocopherol and Ubiquinone 5.1 98 None (control attempt) 2.9

Example 18

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 10 "times the original volume, whereby 51 of a solution were obtained which contained α-tocopherol and ubiquinone with a final concentration of 1 each (Γ ¹² mol / l. Furthermore, a dilution to the made I0 ^lo times its original size, whereby 51 of a solution were obtained which these two components each in a final concentration of 10 ^"l4 MoI / l contained.

Separately, 18 flasks with a capacity of 500 ml with a round bottom were prepared. In the flasks, cut flowers of roses with one bud per flask were immersed and cultivated in water in an exposed chamber of 25 ° C., whereby the rose petals were grown in the flasks (species of roses: Eaily Francis Superstar). After 2 days the roses were allowed to bloom and divided into three groups. Each group was immersed in the solution containing the two components in a concentration of 10 ¹² mol-1. It was closed with a rubber stopper to prevent air contamination. At that time, the tips of the cut branches were cut off with knives to expose the surface and hold it between the rubber stopper and the plunger. Other groups were included with the solution containing the two Κοπή jnents each at a concentration of Ιϋ ¹⁴ mol / l in a similar manner. A control experiment was carried out with water.

The roses prepared in this way were placed in a chamber at atmospheric temperature of Allowed to stand at 22 ° C for 40 days with the flasks turned upside down so that the blossoms of the roses could stand upright. In this way, the following results were obtained.

a) A solution with u-tocopherol and ubiquinone
each in a concentration of 10 ^l2 mol 1

The rose petals were opposite to the original green ones Version not changed if they were sealed in the flask. The ends the color of the leaves and the stems were kept fresh. The activity of the flowers could be 40 days are maintained after treatment without any reproduction of microorganisms, d. H. the solution remained clear.

b) A solution with u-tocopherol and ubiquinone
at a concentration of 10 " ^u mol / l

The freshness of the rose petals was lost after a day of treatment. The components of the Roses were released into the solution. There was considerable reproduction of microorganisms. The solution became cloudy. The tissues of the roses were burst open after 3 days from the treatment. A spoilage was found in the flask.

c) control experiment

broken open and the spoil had progressed rapidly in the flask.

Example 19

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 1000 times the original volume. Ten fruits of aubergines were dipped in parallel into the resulting solution so that the cut ends dipped into the solution. They were removed from the solution after 30 minutes In a parallel experiment, the fruits were immersed in ordinary tap water, and the trough was kept ^{at 22 ° C. with good ventilation.}

As a result, it was found that when water was used in the control experiment, the fabrics of the cut ends were broken after 2 days of treatment and that propagation the microorganisms had started around the cut ends. The solution had turned cloudy. The fruit had lost its original luster. However, the freshness of the treated had increased Fruits did not change, and the solution was not cloudy. The treated fruits had each other did not differ from the original condition after one month after treatment. On the other On the other side, the attempt at control was spoiled. The treated samples were kept fresh.

Example 20

The emulsion of Example 9 was ^{diluted with water to 10 8} times the original volume, whereby a solution was obtained ww; de, which contained u-tocopherol and ubiquinone each with a concentration of K) ~ ¹² mol / l at the end. In a 500 ml plastic kettle, ten live crucians were placed, which had been filled with the resulting solution. The vault was covered. The active movement of the cross fish was stopped after 24 hours. Then they were left in the same solution at room temperature with tight sealing. A control experiment was carried out with distilled water.

As a result, the tissues of the cruciferous fish were broken after one day from preservation in distilled water. The reproduction of microorganisms was significant and parts of the fish bodies had become detached. All of the water was turned into a muddy state. On the other hand, the cross fish kept in the solution were fresh, and the solution was kept clear. There was no breakage of the tissues. No reproduction of microorganisms was observed even after 13 days from the treatment, and the freshness was maintained.

Example 21 The freshness gradually decreased after 2 days. The emulsion of Example 9 was mixed with water Treatment lost. At the same time the diluted to lOOOfold the original volume increased, Reproduction of the microorganisms gradually increases. whereby a solution was obtained which u-Töco- After 6 days from the treatment, the tissues were pherol and ubiquinone each at one concentration

of 10 "'mol / l. The resulting solution was separately further ^{diluted to 6 · KT 13} , 6.5-10', 7 · ΙΟ" ¹³ , 7.5-10 " ¹³ and 8 ΊΟ" ¹³ mol / l. These solutions were placed in 200 ml glass bottles. A tropical fish was placed in each solution

(neon tetra) given. The bottles were then tightly closed. Water became a control experiment carried out. The lifetimes of the fish after treatment are shown in Table XVIII.

Control attempt 6 · in- ' ³ Table XVIII Treated
7-10- ' ³ 7.5 • ΙΟ " ¹¹ 8th ■ 10 " 3 5 51 1 5 Lifetime (days) 6.5 · IiT ' ³ 14th

Example 22

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted 100 times its original volume with artificial seawater, thereby obtaining a solution containing µ-tocopherol and ubiquinone each at a concentration of 10 ⁷ mol / l. In a plastic trough (36 30 χ 5 cm), sea sand was placed to a depth of 3 cm. The resulting solution was poured to a depth of 4 cm. Forty insects (marphysa sanguinea) were put in the trough and kept in a refrigerator at 10 C as treated insects. The same was done with those insects which had been treated in artificial sea water in place of the solution. As a result, it was found that the untreated insects began to die after 3 days and that 80% of the untreated insects were dead after 12 days. This can be seen from table IXX. On the other hand ^, 40% of the treated insects were still killed after 12 days. The tissues of the killed insects were not as broken up as in the control process. The freshness was maintained so that the insects could often be used as bait for fish.

treatment

None (control attempt)

Solution, the a-tocopheroI and
Contained ubiquinone

Table IXX

After 3 days of treatment

70% lived

100% lived, almost no change after 12 days from treatment

20% lived, the tissues being the

killed insects severely broken up

was.

60% lived. The fabric was marriage-like

stayed, and the killed insects

were used as bait door fish.

Example 23

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 100 times the original volume, thereby obtaining a solution containing α-tocopherol and ubiquinone each in a concentration of ΙΟ " ⁷ mol / l. The resulting solution was further diluted with water to 8 × 1O ^- "mol / l (solution A) diluted. Separately, an aqueous solution containing 1000 ppm of iron citrate as Fe was prepared (solution B).

10 ml of solution A and 10 ml of solution B were added to 980 ml of distilled water and under Stir thoroughly mixed. Ten live clams were placed in the resulting solution and Maintained at room temperature for 24 hours. Then ten clams were divided into two groups each with Split five clams and place in plastic vessels (9.5 9.5 χ 9.5 cm) containing 50 ml of distilled water were filled, given. The jars were sealed and kept continuously at room temperature.

Those mussels that had been treated with distilled water instead of the solution were used as a control test and accordingly treated * Table XX shows the number of living muscles after treatment compiled with the percentage of survival.

Table XX

45

50 treated
not
treated
(Control experiment)

After 2 days

10 (100%)

5 (50%)

After 4 tai; cn

10 (100%)

2 (20%)

After 7 days
10 (100%)

0 (0%)

Example 24

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to the original volume IOOOfache, the u-tocopherol ubiquinone and thereby preparing a solution containing each at a concentration of 10 ^-7 mol / l. The solution was further ^{diluted to 10-12} mol / l with water.

20 corbiculas were immersed in the solution with a concentration of 10 "" mol / l for one day and removed therefrom, transferred to water and stored in a well-sealed state at room temperature.

Another 20 corbiculas were added to the ΙΟ " ¹² mol / l solution and stored similarly. Those treated in water instead of in the solution were likewise saved. Table XXI summarizes the results obtained after 30 days .

Table XXl

(5

Treated

1 (Γ ⁷ mol / l

ΙΟ " ¹² mol / l

Untreated

(Control experiment)

Percentage survival of the corbiculas

after 12 days

100 100

75

after 16 days

100 95

65 after 21 days

100
95

after 23 days

90
85

after 30 days

80 0

Example 25

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 1000 times the original volume, whereby a solution was prepared which contained μ-tocopherol and ubiquinone each in a concentration of 10 " ⁷ mol / l. The solution was further diluted with water to 8 × 10 " ¹³ mol / l diluted.

Meat from live ark clams that had just been stripped of their shells was turned into a 900 ml glass jar. It was at room temperature kept sealed. In the control experiment, it was immersed in distilled water.

The change in the meat of the ark clams after the treatment is shown in Table XXII specified.

Table XXII

Treated

Untreated
(Control experiment)

After 5 days

No cloudiness in the solution.

Considerable cloudiness in the solution.

15 days

The shape of the flesh
was good.

The spoilage of the
Meat was substantial.

After 40 days

The shape of the flesh was good.

The meat had liquefied.

Example 26

The emulsion of Example 9 was diluted with water to 100 times the original volume. A portion (1.5 x 1.5 cm) of hair on the sides of white rats (species: DDK, weight: 20g) was found cut off, and the skin was artificially damaged on this part with 0.2 ml of a 10 η-sulfuric acid. After 7 minutes from the sulfuric acid treatment, the solution was immersed in defatted cotton applied this part. In the comparative experiment, the same procedure was used with distilled water.

Table XXIII summarizes the results obtained. There were five rats each in

¥> used by each group. The rats were kept in an incubator at a mean atmospheric temperature of 23 "C for 24 days.

treatment

Treated

Control attempt

after 2 hours after 10 hours

By sulfuric acid it was
no skin prevention
observed.

The surface of the skin was
rough and
swollen
and white.

The skin was

not

abnormal.

The surface of the skin was cracked and turned red.

Table XXIII State of prevention after 1 day after 2 days_ after 5 days after 10 days

The skin was

not

abnormal.

To the

treated

Part grew

Hair.

The skin had a red tumor and was brooding.

The skin was
not

abnormal.
The hair growth
was obvious.

There were
Skin tissue
Broken.
A rat
under 5 died.

The skin wasn't

abnormal. hair

grew almost to the original state.
The tissues of living rats
became
killed.

Not abnormal.

The tissues were broken and there was considerable pus instead of. A white-gray scab appeared.

409585/3

Claims (2)

Claims; 1. Means for promoting the growth of plants and animals using a vitamin and ubiquinone, characterized that there are u-tocopherol and ubiquinone in molar amounts of 1: 4 to 3: 2 as active ingredients contains. 2. Means according to claim 1, characterized in that it also contains an iron compound contains as a stabilizer.