DE2125249A1 - Builder substances for detergents and cleaning agents - Google Patents

Description

Building substances for detergents and cleaning agents

The invention relates to the use of salts of N-substituted aminodicarboxylic acids as builder substances for detergents and cleaning agents.

It is already known that the addition of certain substances, which as such have practically no cleaning power, can increase that of soaps and synthetic detergents and their mixtures. Such substances are called structural substances, building blocks or builders.

The theoretical background of the effects of such structural substances are not yet known and therefore it is not possible to predict which connection types might be suitable. ■

The difficulties in clarifying this theoretical background result primarily from the large number of individual effects, which all contribute to strengthening the cleaning power of detergents:

Neutralization of acidic dirt, inactivation of those present in the washing solution Mineral components,

Solubilization or emulsification of water-insoluble protective particles,

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• - Stabilization of soil solid suspensions,

Peptizing the tendon agglomerates, Regulating the visual capacity of the wash liquor.

So far, the inorganic, Alkaline substances: alkali bicarbonates, carbonates, borates, phosphates, polyphosphates and silicates.

At present, alkali polyphosphates are used almost exclusively as structural substances in detergents and cleaning agents.

However, the use of the alkali phosphates has two disadvantages. For one thing, they easily hydrolyze to lower levels Phosphates, which are inferior structural substances, and on the other hand they promote the growth of algae in rivers and lakes in to such an extent that the oxygen balance of the waters is considerably disturbed (Chemical and Engineering News 44/1969 P. 5 ff, 55/1969, p. 7 ff).

The invention was therefore based on the object of overcoming these disadvantages of the relevant prior art.

It has now been found that the use of salts N-substituted Aminodicarboxylic acids of the general formula

(CH _Q ) _V COOM

- R ₁ N or the formula:

) ^G00M

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^R l N-CH COOM

CHpCOOM

in which

R, a straight or branched aliphatic residue with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an oxyalkyl group with 3-4 or an alkoxypropyl group with 3-15 carbon atoms,

Rp is a hydrogen atom or R ,,

x, y is an integer from 1-3,

M mean sodium or potassium,

as a framework for plastic and cleaning products, they do not exist solve only the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, but also with respect to the use of polyphosphates show improved washing effects.

The preparation of the compounds to be used according to the invention can be done according to methods known per se:

For the preparation of the N-substituted iminodiacetic acids or their salts, which correspond to the formula cu_, is suitable the implementation of primary amines, alkanolamines or alkoxyalkylamines with 2 moles of formaldehyde / hydrocyanic acid and subsequent saponification or with 2 moles of chloroacetic acid or their Alkali salts, especially their sodium salt, in the presence of aqueous alkali. Primary amines with 1 mole of acrylonitrile can also be used and 1 mol of chloroacetic acid reacted in the presence of alkali or with formaldehyde / hydrocyanic acid and then the nitrile groups saponified (e.g. German patent specification 564 787; German patent specification 634 037, example 8).

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The aspartic acid derivatives or their salts, which correspond to the formula b ^, can be prepared by addition of primary or secondary amines or alkanolamines of maleic acid or fumaric acid or their esters and subsequent saponification of the substituted aspartic acid obtained and esters (L.H. Flett and W.H. Gardner, Maleic Anhydride Derivatives, New York 1952, pp.

As N-substituted iminodiacetic acids, the salts thereof according to the Formula a ^ are to be used, for example will:

N-methyl-iminodiacetic acid, N-ethyliminodiacetic acid, N-propyl-iminodiacetic acid, N-butyl-iminodiacetic acid, N-octyliminodiacetic acid and the corresponding derivatives of iminodipropionic acid, imino-dibutyric acid etc.

The salts of:

N- $ -hydroxypropyl-iminodiacetic acid, N-ß-hydroxybutyliminodiacetic acid.

As N-substituted aspartic acids, the salts of which are to be used according to the formula b ^ _, for example will:

N-methyl-aspartic acid, N-ethyl-aspartic acid, N-propyl-aspartic acid, N-butyl aspartic acid and the analogues N-disubstituted aspartic acids.

The salts of N-ß-oxethyl-aspartic acid are also suitable, N-bis- (ß-oxethyl) -aspartic acid, N-ß-oxypropyl-aspartic acid, N-ß-Oxäthyl-N-ß-Oxypropyl-Aspartinsäure and the N-alkyloxypropylaspartic acids such as N-octyloxypropylaspartic

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acid, N-decyloxypropyl aspartic acid and N-lauryloxypropyl aspartic acid.

The sodium salts in particular are used as salts of the acids described for use.

The framework substance according to the invention should be used in the washing and Cleaning agents in an amount of 5 to 40 percent by weight, preferably 8 to 20 percent by weight, based on the total amount of the detergent. The ratio of builder to surfactant is generally 1: 2 to 10: 1.

The framework substances to be used according to the invention can E.g. all detergents and cleaning agents based on n-alkylbenzenesulfonates, n-paraffin sulfonates, n-oil sulfonates * Soaps and nonionic surfactants such as ethylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohols, alkylphenols or fatty acid amides can be added.

Examples of some powder detergent formulations;

1. n-Dodecylbenzenesulfonate

Mixture of 50 mole percent decyl alcohol and 50 mole percent dodecyl alcohol, with 10 moles of ethylene oxide implemented

N-isobutyl-iminodiacetic acid 'sodium salt

Soap made from tallow fatty acid water glass J> Q Baume magnesium silicate soda

Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium perborate sodium sulfate

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10 percent by weight Il 4th Il 30th ti 4th Il 4th ti 2 Il 10 Il 1 ti 10 Remainder to 100 Weight percent

oz 2552 May 18, 1971

n-dodecylbenzenesulfonate

Mixture of 50 mole percent dodecyl alcohol and 50 mole percent tetradecyl alcohol, reacted with 12 moles of ethylene oxide

Soap made from tallow fatty acid N-ß-Oxäthy! Aspartic acid-Na-salt water glass JQ Baume magnesium silicate soda

Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium perborate sodium sulfate.

12 percent by weight

4th η 4th Il 25th Il 5 Il 2 η 8th η 2 η 12th Il Remainder i to 100 Weight percentage

3. n-Dodecylbenzenesulfonate

Tridecyl alcohol, with 12 mol Ethylene oxide implemented

Soap made from tallow fatty acid N-diniethylaspartic acid Na salt Water glass 38 Baume magnesium silicate soda

Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium perborate Sodium sulfate

4. n-Dodecylbenzene sulfonate Soap made from tallow fatty acid 8 percent by weight

Water glass 38 trees Magnesium silicate soda

Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium perborate sodium sulfate

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4th Il Il j3 I! Il 35 It Il 5 t! It 2 Il Il 10 Il Il 1 I! It 10 If to 100 rest to 100 Weight percent Weight percent 12 percent by weight 4th 30th 5 2 15th 2 15th rest

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The compounds to be used according to the invention can hitherto mainly be used as builder substances in detergents and cleaning agents Phosphates used, in particular sodium tripolyphosphate, not only fully replace, but result compared to these, especially in hard water, even better values. The relative washing value is calculated from the formula: - -

(away) . 100

c-b

Washing value

Therein mean:

a = reflectance value fabric washed b = "" "test soiled c = "" "unpolluted.

The remission, a value for the lightening caused by the washing process, was determined with the Eire pho-Photometer of the Pa. Zeiss measured. The device was calibrated against standard no. 20 707 for filter B 57.

To the effect of the rust substance according to the invention with the To compare the most common of the state of the art, the following tests were carried out:

Examples 1-3

A WFK test cotton fabric is placed in a Launder-0-Meter, a standardized laboratory washing machine, up to 90 ° C, 30 minutes each time washed in aqueous liquor. The wash liquor always contains 1 g / l n-alkylbenzenesulfonate as a washing-active substance and 2 g / l of the builder substances listed in the table below. Drinking water with a degree of hardness is used for washing experiments 12 used. The lightening of the washed fabric will

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18.5.19Tl

through the. Measurement of remission determined. The relative washing value is calculated from 16 individual measurements.

Tabel Type of structural substance Wash value

Np _r opyi-iminodiacetic acid sodium salt 57

N-Dimethylaspartic acid sodium salt 53

N-ß-Oxethylaspartic acid sodium salt 52

Na tripolyphosp "has (for comparison) 47

It can be seen from the table that the invention Compounds to be used as builder substances show a superior effect over tripolyphosphate.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1 «Use of salts of N-substituted aminodicarboxylic acids the formula a. R ₁ N (CHg) _x COOM (CH ₀ -) COOM or dejr formula: b. R ₂ N-CH COOM CHpCOOM in which a straight-chain or branched aliphatic radical with 1-8 carbon atoms, an oxyalkyl radical with 3-4 or a Alkoxypropyl radical with 3-15 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom * a hydroxyethyl radical or R ₁ x, y is an integer from 1-3, Sodium or potassium mean as scaffolding substances for detergents and cleaning agents, 2. Use of salts of N-substituted aminodicarboxylic acids according to claim 1, characterized in that in the formula £ u R _{1 is} an n-alkyl radical having 1 to H carbon atoms and χ and y are 1. 3. Use of salts of N-substituted aminodicarboxylic acids according to claim 1, 209849/0978 '" - 10 - OZ 2352 May 18, 1971 characterized in that in the 'formula b ^ R and R _{2 are} an n-alkyl radical having 1 to k carbon atoms represent or
Rj, is an oxyalkyl radical with 2 to J5 carbon atoms, if ' . R _{0 is} a hydrogen atom. / i ■ 209849/9878