DE2109144A1 - Vane pump with radially displaceable vanes arranged on a rotor - Google Patents

Description

V-29.998-01 _{t (/} *; February 25th 1971

VANE PUMP WITH RADIALLY SLIDING VANES ARRANGED ON A ROTOR

The invention relates to a vane pump with radial Slidably arranged vanes on a cylindrical rotor, their outer edges when rotating The rotor with the inner cylindrical surface of one of the

The rotor blade trajectory surrounding the rotor is in contact, while the rotor is alternately sealing and opening

BATH ORIGINAL

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"■ 2" -

marked areas of the flight pathway crossed. The invention relates in particular to improvements in the wings of such raceway vane pumps to prevent, with the aim that a noticeable a wing carried outward movement, during which crosses a sealing area of the wings raceway.

The present invention is for example for hydrostatic Variable displacement pumps for running high speed turbines according to the German Patent applications P 16 53 8O9 and P 19 53 848 suitable «

These Petantacraeldiingen refer to two-chamber " 5 i.si which the chambers enlarged and reduced

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ff # hr iiäcfet atri 'lie, ere: uiit -will * I; the latter i

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Patent application also describes a vane pump, in which a deformable cylinder surrounds the rotor and is controllably deformed to form an inner, cylindrical one Flights 11 on bahn sbu create from a circular to an approximately elliptical cross-section is adjustable to vary the displacement. at any vane pump, as well as generally in such rotating devices, is the amount of liquid displacement by changing the relative positions of the rotor in at least one sealed area in the Flight career varies. Is the sealing area substantially circular in cross-section, the wings slide in the radial direction while they seal the Cross the area at all displacement settings except for the one in which the center of rotation of the rotor coincides with the center of curvature of the sealing one Area coincides. In previously known pumps with variable displacement, this is radial The wings slide inwards and in each case for about half a distance over the sealing area directed outwards.

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A noticeably outward sliding of the wings in the sealing area increases the leakage loss over the outer edge of the wing and leads to a sudden impact of the wing on the wing's trajectory. If the wing is a possesses rotatable edge, this can rotate uncontrollably, whereby both this and the ring of the raceway wear out quickly. Special shapes in the sealing areas can be provided, to avoid or reduce a radially outward sliding of the wings, however, such are Surfaces with difficulties and a lot of effort with the the required accuracy. The present Invention avoids a noticeable outward radial movement of the wings, while this one sealing Cross the area over all displacement settings and even if the inner surface has a substantially circular cross-section in the sealing area. In this way, the Manufacturing costs reduced.

In addition, pumps with constant displacement can also be manufactured according to the invention with less effort,

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The cross-section of the inner surface of the raceway in a single-chamber device can be simply circular while in a two-chamber device the cross-section is almost an ellipse with four arcs of a circle can represent those at points of tangency with each other are connected.

A typical vane pump according to the present invention has a cylindrical rotor on which essentially radially displaceable vanes are arranged, the outer edge of each vane with the inner cylindrical surface remains in contact with a wing trajectory surrounding the rotor, which alternately seals as it rotates and traverses apertured areas in the wing path. The inner surface in each sealing Area has a substantially circular cross-section. The center of rotation of the rotor is on a line passing through the center of curvature of the Inner surface in the sealing area and through one end of this inner surface or this area passes, so that any noticeable radial displacement of a wing is directed inwards, as long as this is the sealing one Area crossed, maintaining contact with the inner surface in this sealing area will. If the center of rotation is closer than

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the center of curvature on the inner surface of a sealing area, the center of rotation is on that to the trailing edge of the sealing area pointing radius. On the other hand, the center of rotation is where it is further than the center of curvature is removed from the inner surface of a sealing area, on an extension the radius pointing to the leading edge of the sealing area.

The vane pump according to the invention can also have Have devices that allow the liquid displacement by adjusting the relative arrangement so changeable between the rotor and a sealing area (sealing area) of the wing runway is that at all settings any noticeable radial displacement of a wing is directed inward is once a wing is the inner surface of the sealing areas.? crosses and stays in contact with this area. Such devices generally produce a relative movement between the center of rotation of the Rotor and a sealing area, namely along a portion of the diameter through the center of curvature the inner surface - and through one end of this sealing or sealing area. Can the center of rotation closer

SAD ORiQfNAL

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as the center of curvature on the inner surface of the The sealing area, the relative movement should be in take place essentially along the radius that points to the trailing edge of the sealing area. Can against it the center of rotation farther than the center of curvature be removed from the inner surface of the sealing area, the relative movement should be substantially the extension of the radius pointing to the leading edge of the dxcht area. More merlanale, advantages and Possible applications of the invention emerge from the following description and from the accompanying figures of embodiments of the invention.

It shows

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a typical two-chamber Vane pump according to the invention,

Fig. 2 in cross section, enlarged and largely schematized part of the vane pump according to Fig. 1, and

3 in cross section, simplified and largely schematized a typical single-chamber vane pump according to the invention *

BATH ORIGINAL 10 9 8 3 9/1101

1 shows a vane pump 10 with variable displacement, that of the pump according to FIG. 13 the German patent application P 19 53 848 is similar, but according to the features of the present invention is modified. The disclosure of this embodiment the invention shows how the same or similar modifications can be routinely carried out, in order to realize the features of the invention in other comparable devices, for example in Liquid motors and other pumps, such as single-chamber, variable displacement pumps and double-chamber pumps, in which only two of the sealing areas are movable; as in Figs. 1-7 of the German patent applications P 16 53 809 and P 19 53 848.

A cylindrical rotor 11 has blades 12 which are arranged in this rotor to slide or move substantially in the radial direction, the outer Edge of each blade 12 with the inner, cylindrical surface 13 of a blade runway surrounding the rotor 11 remains in contact while the wing 12, the sealing or sealing areas 15, 16, 17, 18 and those with openings provided areas 20, 21, 22, 23 in the wing runway alternately crossed.

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The sealing area 15 extends over the left half of a block 25 »during the sealing area l6 the lower half of the block 26 occupies. Correspondingly, the sealing area 17 is on the right Half of a block 27 and the sealing area 18 are arranged on the lower half of a block 28. All Blocks 25 »26, 27 and 28 are radially movable. Flexible layers 30 attached at one end to the Block 25 and connected to block 26 on the other contain openings (not shown) that extend over the entire area between blocks 25 and 26 extend. Layers 31 » 32 and 33 are present, each at their ends with the corresponding blocks 25, 26 and 27, 28 and 28,25 are connected. Their openings are also not shown.

The openings in layers 30 are in communication with an opening 35 in the right half of the block and with an opening 36 in the upper half of the block Thus, the apertured area 20 extends from the center of the block 25 to the center of the block

26. The apertured area 21 is located between the lower end of the block 26 and the right one

BATH ORIGINAL 109839/1 101

End of block 27. The openings in layers 32 are with an opening 37 in the left half of the block 27 and with an opening 38 in the lower Half of the block 28 connected. Thus, the apertured area 22 extends from the center of the Block 27 to the middle of block 28. The openings having portion 23 expands from the upper end of block 28 to the left end of block 25. Blocks 25-28 and layers 30-33 are such formed and firmly connected to each other at their adjacent ends that the inner surface of the raceway ring 13 a perfectly circular one with the wave Ίθ and the rotor 11 corresponds to a coaxial cylinder when the blocks 25 to 28 are equidistant from the axis of the shaft 40, around which the rotor 11 rotates are arranged. Thus, the inner surfaces of the blocks 25-28, which are the sealing Areas 15-18 and their corresponding adjacent openings 35-38 form, in cross-section portions of the same circle.

The blocks 25-28 are radially movable from the positions just described, in which the inner surface of the wing flight path l'i is circular in cross-section,

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Over a continuous range of attitudes to the position shown in Fig. 1 in which the upper and lower blocks 25 »27 are closer to the center line of the film 40 as the left and right blocks 28, 26 are arranged. In the latter situation takes the inner surface 13 of the panel l4 has an almost elliptical cross-section. In the layers between the Both extremes also result in an almost elliptical cross-section, which, however, then has a smaller eccentricity having.

The radial positions of the blocks 25-28 can be in a appropriately monitored and regulated. In the case of the pump shown in FIG. 1, the one shown on the right is used Block 26 is pressed outward with the aid of a compression spring 42, which is elastic between the housing 4l and a groove 43 arranged on a bolt 44 and connected to the block 26. In the same way, the left block 28 of a Compression spring 45 pushed outward between the housing 4l and a groove 26 arranged on a bolt 47 and is connected to the block 28. Pressurized fluids remove the outer ends of the upper and

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lower blocks 25, 27 via the inlet openings 48 and the outlet openings 49 in the housing 4l as well via lines 50 * 51 »52 and 53» through the lines 50, 51, 52 and 53 acted on to the blocks 25, 27 securely to hold in the appropriate positions and to reduce the vibration due to the rotation of the rotor 11 on Bring minimum.

A source 55 supplies liquid at an adjustable pressure through a supply line 56 into a liquid-tight chamber 57 on the housing 41, from there into the vicinity of the spring 45, the groove 46 and the bolt 47, from where a connection to the outer end of the left block 28 consists. The source 55 also supplies liquid under adjustable pressure through a supply line 58 into a liquid-tight chamber 59 on the housing kl, to the spring 42, the groove 43 and the bolt 44, whereby a connection with the outer end of the right block 26 is established. When the forces against the blocks 28, 26 by the fluid pressure from the source 55 in the chambers 57 »59 are less than the opposing forces of the springs 45, 42 and the fluid pressures at 48, 49, then the wing flight path 14 becomes in place maintained with maximum eccentricity and maximum displacement, as shown in FIG. The fluid pressure

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from the source 55 can be increased to increase the forces against the outer ends of the blocks 28,26 sufficient to overcome the opposing forces so that the blocks 28 and 26 are forced inwardly and the eccentricity of the wing flight path 14 is reduced . . This reduces the liquid displacement in the pump 10. Once the desired displacement is achieved, the pressure from source 55 is automatically reduced to establish equilibrium.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen how with the present invention a noticeable outward radial movement of a wing is avoided as long as it crosses the inner surface of a sealing area and remains in contact with this surface. When the pressure from the source 55 is adjusted to such a value that the displacement in the pump 10 is equal to zero, the inner surface 13 of the wing flight path 14 assumes a substantially circular cross-section and is concentric with the center of rotation 60, as through the dash-dotted circular arc 6l is indicated.

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If the pressure is adjusted so that there is a considerable displacement, the upper block 25 is also its center of curvature at a point 62, idp in 2, moved downwards so that the center of rotation 60 is now closer than the center of curvature 62 to the inner surface of the block 25 is located. Simultaneously moves the block 26 to the right, so away ^^ from the center of rotation 60, so that it is now Center of curvature 63 closer to the inner surface than the center of rotation 60 is located.

For explanation, Fig. 2 contains an auxiliary line 64, which represents an arc of the circle drawn around the center of rotation 60 and touches the inner surface of the block 25 at its center 68, which is on the trailing edge of the trailing area 15 at the connecting line with dei ~ Sk Opening 35 is located. Another auxiliary line 65 denotes an arc of a circle, the center point of which lies in the center of rotation 60 and which at its ends 70, 72 coincides with the inner surface of the right block 26. With the proviso that the rotor vrie, indicated by arrow dom, rotates in the clockwise direction, the Dotrnn can 6k the position of the edge reflect a wing 12 when it is held in a fixed position during rotation of the rotor Ll. Since each wing 12 in the wpsRiiti fief

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is movable in the radial direction and is pushed outward by the fluid pressure and centrifugal force, the fingertip actually follows the inner surface of the upper block 25) as it sweeps over this surface. Thus, the tip of the wing 12, while it extends over the sealing area 15, moves inward from the left corner point 67 on the leading edge of the sealing area I5 to the center point 68 on the trailing edge of the sealing area I5, as the inner surface at the point 67 further than the arc 6 ¹ I is removed from the center of rotation 60, while the arc Sk has just reached the same distance from the twist center 60 at the point 68. As soon as the wing edge continues its way to the right to the end point, it moves out of the arc 64. Consequently, the radial movement of the wing is directed inwards as long as it sweeps over the inner surface of the sealing area 15 and remains essentially in contact therewith. If the sealing area extends over the right half of the block 25, the wing 12 would move noticeably outwardly as it traverses this part of the sealing area, which could lead to unstable operation and damage to the wing 12 and the wing trajectory l'l .

BATH ORIGINAL

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As the vane 12 continues to rotate over the area 20 provided with openings, an outward movement continues to take place along the inner surface of the flexible part of the vane track lh. The wing moves outward as it traverses the upper half of the inner surface of the block 26 from the upper end point 70 to the center point 71 on the leading edge of the sealing area 16. If the opening were not provided in this area, the wing would perform a noticeable radial movement outward in a sealing area. Such an undesirable situation is thus avoided by the opening. As soon as the wing rider rotates from the center 61 of the block 26 via the sealing area 60 to the lower end point on the trailing edge of the sealing area, a radially inward movement takes place, as is clear from the arch 65 in FIG , the center of which coincides with the center of rotation five Π11 «

A17f.- the above "rl :! iiruns can be seen that the measure of the Fl- &quot;. Γ cigicei tir '/ erdräi .-. T-xmg by Cinrt Ellung the relative

BATH ORIGINAL

Layers can be varied between the rotor and the sealing areas in the wing running web along a portion of the radius of up to one end of the sealing portion extends from the center of curvature of the inner surface, wherein the sealing region has an inner surface which circular in cross-section substantially is. If the center of rotation 60 is closer to the inner surface of the sealing area 15 than the center of curvature 62 of this area, the relative movement takes place essentially along the radius 73 , which leads through the trailing edge 68 of the sealing area. On the other hand, the center of rotation 60 can be further removed from the inner surface of the sealing area 16 than the center of curvature 63 of this area _; a relative movement takes place essentially on an extension of the radix 7k , which points to the leading edge 71 of the sealing area l6. The sealing areas 17 and 18 are identical in shape and arrangement to the areas 15 and 16, respectively, but offset by 180 °; thus FIG. 2 and the above explanation with reference to this FIG. also apply to the same extent to the offset regions.

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Fig. 1 can also be used to illustrate a constant displacement pump in which the Wing runway 14 in the shape and arrangement shown is retained. In fact, the structure can be greatly simplified be when a change in displacement fails is provided.

Fig. 3 shows a single-chamber pump 80 with a cylindrical Rotor ί) 1, which has wings 82 (in Fig. 3 only the protruding parts of the wings are schematic indicated), which slide substantially in radial directions, the outer edges of each wing 62 with the inner cylindrical surface 63 of a surrounding the rotor 8l Cam track 84 remain in contact when the wings, the sealing areas 85 »86 and with Apertured areas 87, 88 in the wing path 84 alternate as it rotates in a clockwise direction sweep over the center of rotation 90. The direction of rotation is indicated by the arrow 89.

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The inner surface 83 of the wing raceway 8 ¹ I is elin in cross-F it t shaped manner substantially krei Ff, with a Mr iimmungFmitt alpunkt at 91 · Dor center of rotation 90 de .'- rotor 8l is on dom diameter 92, which passes through the center of curvature 91 Foivie goes through one end 93 (on the leading edge) of the sealing area 85 through one end 9 ^ (on the trailing edge) of the sealing area 86. The pump 80 can either be operated with constant displacement, with the center point of rotation ° <0 being at the point 6 in FIG Diameter 92 can be shifted in the direction of the center of curvature 91.

From Fig. 3 it can be seen that a wing edge 82, after which it crosses the area C3 with liquid r inlet opening, when sweeping over the sealing area from the left end point 935 of the puf - the annuikmito Lies uiic vrciter from the rotor 8l eiitftriit art, bir: ^t u the rocliien

BATHROOM OBiGINAL.

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End point 95 t, which is located on the trailing edge and is closer to the rotor 81, moves inward. It is also evident that the wing edge 82. after it dei; has left the area 87 provided with liquid outlet openings, executes an inward movement from the right end point 96 on the leading edge to the left end point 9 ^l i on the trailing edge when crossing the other sealing area 86. Thus, any noticeable radial sliding of a wing 82 as it traverses the inner surface of each sealing area? Directed 85 »86 inwardly, ao that contact between the wing and inner surface is maintained.

Werdon changed the sealing portion 85 could be arranged displaced clockwise from the position shown, relative while the sealing portion 86 counterclockwise call r'ie ± n Fig Pocition shown 3 in the adaption ■ r-rx l:.!. Öimto-, "aarirch ^ -f.ii leeway for Ui? T '.; iiauigj: .ai' -: & n .cj-rcliaffg; .- 'v" ir (' e »Die T! r: XiT" tb <.-- ^.;: '- hi """''3: j r.Uji.2;!

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dariii that this is not significantly left over allowed to extend beyond diameter 92, i.e. in the area in which the blades 82 move radially outward. With some pumps, however, can be in a small amount Dimensions an outward movement can take place without that the wings or the wing track are damaged.

Similarly, in the two-chamber pump of FIG. 1, the openings 35-38 in the blocks 25-28 can extend beyond the corresponding vertical and horizontal axes 73 j 7 ^l i (FIG. 2) if there is clearance for inaccuracies is desired. Conversely, the sealing areas I5 - 18 can slightly overlap the corresponding axes 731 7 ^! i atisdehnen in such pumps in which a slight outward movement of the blades 12 does not damage the blades 12 or the blade trajectory Ik .

The invention also includes deviations from those in the Drawings reproduced relative arrangements of the individual parts of the vane pump described.

ORIGINAL

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The drawings are not to scale. Abrtänäc-, Eccentricities etc. are exaggerated darref--te3.lt to facilitate understanding.

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Claims (1)

λ ρ teji tan sayings 1.) ri'i trelpumpc with radially displaceable fliiceli arranged on a cylindrical-shaped rotor, the outer edges of which allow the rotation of the rotor. ⁿ ; ellaiifbahn in BerHhr / unfr rind, vriihrend dor rotor abvr ^ hselr.d sealing areas of the fl ^ i ^ ellatifbnhn accounted for with OxT inm / reii, thereby. ^ c l rrnng.?ichnc t that the inner surface every . «R.sealing areas.« · (15, 16, 17, Ic, 85, 86) in the Q.uerFohnitt im - ".- GPeIIt] -XChCn kr ei p £ ürmi £; is or has the shape of an EreiFbopens \ mö. that the center of rotation (6O, 9O) of the rotor (11, 8l) in the vrcP is borrowed on a diameter (73 »7" - »92) which is defined by the center of rotation (62.63i ^f - * l) of the Inside; if I cheii in the sealing borehole: hon (15,16,17,10,85,86) and goes through one end of the self-sealing area, then every noticeable radial shifting tiries flaps - (12.02) bercuoren the sealing ^ cx'icht is and r'r.with- άον enricher , ir. contact remains _K SAD ORfGtNAL Vane pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of rotation (6θ) of the rotor (11) is on the radius of curvature of the inner surface of this sealing area (15) directed towards the trailing edge (60) of the sealing area (15) and closer to the inner surface of this Area as the center of curvature (62). 3. Vane pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the center of rotation (60) on the extension of the leading edge (71) of the sealing area (l6) directed radius of curvature the inner surface of this sealing area (l6) and further away from this inner surface than the center of curvature (63). k. Vane pump according to one of claims 1-3 », characterized in that it has devices with which the liquid displacement by adjusting the relative arrangement between the rotor (ll, 8l) and a sealing area (I5» l6, 17,18,85, 86) of the wing runway (14, 84) is changeable, BATH 10 9 8 3 9/1101 2109U4 5. Vane pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the devices for changing the liquid displacement between the center of rotation (6O, 9O) of the rotor (11, 8l) and a sealing area of the vane track (14, 84) have a relative movement on the diameter (73 »74.92) which passes through the center of curvature (62.63» 91) and through one end of the inner surface of a sealing area. 6. Vane pump according to claim k or 5 » characterized in that the rotor (11.8l) within the vane raceway (14.84) essentially on the radius of curvature (73) 92) of the inner surface pointing to the trailing edge (68.94) a sealing area (15, 86) is displaceable. 7. Vane pump according to one of claims 4 - 6, characterized in that the rotor (41.8 · 1) within the vane raceway (14.84) is essentially on an extension of the inner surface of a sealing to the leading edge (71-93) Area (15.85) pointing radius of curvature (7-4.92.) Is displaceable. BAD ORIOINAt 109839/1101 Le e i f ρ