DE2057097B2 - PROCEDURE FOR INDICATING THE CHARGE STATE OF LEAD ACCUMULATORS - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to a method for indicating electrolyte concentration through a swelling membrane

the state of charge of lead-acid batteries is determined by.

Measurement and display of the concentration of the electrical It is a surprising result of our

lyten. - "investigations that the swelling state of an ionic

When loading or unloading batteries 5 exchange membrane almost independent of temperature

not only do the anodes and cathodes change, is. However, this behavior becomes understandable when

but there is also a change in the concentration, considering that the osmotic pressure

tion of the electrolyte. You can tell that only to a very small extent with the temperature

Overall response that changes written in the following form.

can be: io The change in the swelling of a

τ) κη _i_ BV. _l ο weh-_l ο u + ^ inucn ι ο tr η ion exchange membrane with the concentration of the

.-.'-.-. surrounding sulfuric acid is the basis of the

After this reaction, per 2 F = 2 -96500As according to the method for measurement, control Charge change "2val. Sulfuric acid consumed. And possible control of the charge status of Depending on the amount of electrolyte in the 15 lead-acid batteries. For this purpose it becomes the ion cell the acid concentration changes with the exchange material in the electrolyte space of the lead charge state and thus represents a loyal ·. Image of this accumulator introduced and its source state through State. . Measurement of a linear, plane or spatial

In the case of open accumulators or those, determined by Dimension.

those after charging has been completed over a long period of time 20 The procedure is particularly easy with the help of When water has been electrolyzed, the concentration of a strip of ion exchange material changes through filtration by evaporation or electrolysis, the change in length as a function of loss even when not under load. In such concentration one pursues and as a calculated value for In cases one generally proceeds in such a way that one uses the determination of the state of charge. You tighten after the acid density has been sufficiently charged through one end of the membrane strip, the Adding distilled water to the front movement of the other end in per se resets the written value; but there is also no way to be transferred to a pointer, the one this measure sweeps out the change in concentration on the scale. This scale can be in concentration discharge a measure of the state of charge. Unit units have to be calibrated. However, it can also only the change in concentration on the output 30 directly shows the state of charge as a percentage initial state of the electrolyte concentration at full capacity or contained in another measure, to obtain a charged battery. In the case of low-maintenance, the determination of the , or gas-tight accumulators, the electrolyte state of charge remains when you have a rotating segment volume During the loading and unloading, the disk, which indicates the total loading area, is in a fully constant state or it is regulated to a predetermined charged state with the pointer position to coincide Value again. With such accumulators it is therefore important. From the time shift of the fixed Acid concentration an exact image of the loading scale and the characterizing state of the situation. In addition, the fluctuation gives the segment disc one can see the change in the Area between the full and discharged state Concentration as a result of evaporation or also as a result the temporal drop in capacity. 40 Read the fillization of the plates. When arrested

It has already been suggested that the concentration of the electrolyte volume can be recognized from this

or the pH value of electrolyte solutions with the help of exercise that is caused by sulfation

to measure an ion exchange membrane. If the battery capacity drops,

This method makes one the property. For the measurement, the membrane strip was in a

using an ion exchange membrane, clamped by a Hy- 45 measuring device with which the length

to swell dratization in aqueous solution. The change is made via a lever on a rotary pointer system

the water uptake and release is reversible; she represents could transfer. The tensile force on the membrane strip

so that the osmotic pressure within the was realized by a counterweight of 20 ρ. Of the

Membrane fluid in equilibrium with the osmo- ■ membrane strip had a length of 96 cm and

table pressure of the surrounding solution. 5 ° had a width of 15 mm and was 0.25 mm thick. It

It has already been suggested that a membrane made up of two layers and one

existing plastic strips or plastic mem- brane polyethylene film and polystyrene sulfonate

to produce burns, one of which consists of ions. In the lead accumulator, a density

contains exchange material and is swellable, while the. Change in the H ₂ SO ₄ solution from 1.1 g / cm ³ to 1.28 g /

others observed themselves with -dian -osmotic pressure of around 55 cm ³ in the fully charged state. At this

giving solution changes little. One such change was the relative change in length of the

Bimembrane behaves like a bimetal strip and membrane 2 ⁰ J ₀ , the path of the rotary pointer 40 °, at

bends in solutions of various concentrations from an acid with a concentration of 1.28 g /

tion different. The curvature of the membrane cm ³ on water 95 ° angular deflection. Within the

or the deflection of the free end from its position 60 angular range of 40 ° could be the discharge state

is a direct measure of the concentration that can be read from the position of the pointer, where

Solution. however, the division approximates, but not

The object of the invention was to provide a simple but exactly linear one.

technically flawless and precisely working process It is also within the possibilities of the

Ren to display the state of charge of lead 65 expert, the movement of the free end of the

to develop accumulators. Use membrane for remote display. That can

This problem was solved by the fact that the la- happen by one with the free

condition via a measurement and display of the end-connected magnets in a moving coil

system works. However, one can also use a fixed coil and one of these generated alternating field in a second coil connected to the free end of the membrane Induce alternating current and thereby report the state of charge remotely. Other options too Magnetic, optical or mechanical remote transmission by changing the membrane length given signal are familiar to the person skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. A method for displaying the state of charge of lead-acid batteries, characterized in that that the state of charge via a measurement and display of the electrolyte concentration is determined by a swelling membrane. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the swelling state of the membrane and thus the electrolyte concentration by measuring a linear, plane or spatial Dimension of the source membrane in contact with the electrolyte is determined. 3. Process according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the swelling membrane is used uses a strip of ion exchange material that is immersed in the electrolyte. 4. Process according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one end of the Clamps membrane strip and transmits the movement of the other end to a pointer that crossed a scale. 5. Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that there is a rotatable Segment disc, which indicates the total charge area, when the battery is fully charged aligns with the pointer position and the state of charge after moving the pointer read directly from the disc. 6. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the dimensional change or movement of the membrane to one Remote display of the state of charge exploited.