DE2056497A1 - Control system for extruders - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys _Dipl ,, " _e . Walter Meissner ■ * "· ^He ZVJJu

BERLIN 33, HERBERTSTRASSE 22 Telephone: 8 87 72 37 - Wired word: Invention Berlin

SSrSlÄ «" i ^ i ^ 5 1 »™ UN 33 (GRUNEWALD), den

BerHn-Halensee Kurfürstenda.m. 30 Herbertstrasse 22

2C564S7

HUNKAH INoTRUMENTÜ DEVELOPMENT LüBORaTORIES, INC., Cincinnati / Ohio - U & l

control system for extruder

The invention relates to extruders and to control devices and parts thereof.

Plastic containers in which cleaning supplies and other household items are sold are made by machines with high speed extrusion and on blow molding machines manufactured. In these machines the plastic is melted in the extruder and passed through an annular Shape pressed where it takes the shape of a pipe receives. The thickness of the pipe walls is rounded by moving a central core relative to the surrounding one Molded member changed. (The limb can also be moved relative to the core.) The extruded tube will then surrounded by a mold in the desired design of a hash. While the ear is still soft, a gas is introduced into the tube under pressure to bring it into complete contact with the connections of the mold member It has been found that significant amounts of plastic material can be saved by changing the wall thickness of the hash when the The walls are thickest in the areas of greatest stress concentration and in areas of lesser stress are thinner «,

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To create a simple set up of eggs to create x, r extruded to facilitate their various wall thicknesses, a control panel is provided which, according to the invention, has two one behind the other and one from the other contains isolated sets of electrical sockets arranged in two coordinates, each of which is the second Set is aligned with each of the first so that a conductive contact bifts when inserting, through a Bushing of the first set between itself and the correspondingly aligned bushing of the second set Establishes electrical connection. Here, the sockets in each ordinate are electrical in a sentence and the socket in each abscissa in the other set is electrically connected to one another.

To receive a corresponding job display signal, such a switchboard is provided in a signal generator, with the ordinates electrically connected or the abscissa of one of the sentences through a chain of resistance are interconnected, while those of the other set are connected by switches that are consecutive each place an ordinate according to a pulse of a clock generator to an output circuit.

In order to set the position of the core, the position control device contains such a signal generator and a position sensing transmitter, which provides an output signal that is compared with the output signal of the signal generator is used to generate an error signal that is derived from the difference between the two signals depends.

According to a special feature of the invention, the pipe extrusion machine has a shape with an opening, a core in this opening which can be displaced axially relative to the mold, the core being shaped so that the relative movement results in a corresponding change in the wall thickness of the extruded tube and

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the position of the core relative to the shape is determined by the control system described.

Various proposals have hitherto been made for the automatic control of the thickness of the foundation by means of electromechanical arrangements, e.g. in the American patent 3> 368,241. In general, these systems include a Funktionggenerator which is scanned by a mechanical stepper _o This switch is connected to the extruding and molding machine and synchronously driven with it "The signal from the function generator to a servo system with a LIotor or another drive for Moving the core relative to the shape is guided. A feedback search loop is brought out of the position transmitter connected to the core, so that the position of the core corresponds to that of the function generator.

Known systems of this type have been used in practice not proven. First of all, the mechanical step switches introduce instability into the servo system they have a follow-up contact arrangement. Furthermore must

for/

constructed these mechanical systems / a special machine and cannot be universally applied to the various extruders used. For example some may not be programmed to run an extrusion run of less than one Control times for thirds of a second and even the fastest programmers now available can do processes that are shorter take than six seconds, do not regulate. On the other hand, the productivity of bottle extrusion and molding devices are increasing rapidly and the extrusion processes are done in a fraction of a second.

When using the invention, no mechanical drive is required for the extruder and the control device can easily used to control an extruder.

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Furthermore, there is no mechanical switch stable and reliable operation over a long period of use.

The clock generator of the signal generator automatically divides the entire extrusion process into a given number of equal numbers Times, e.g. twenty. This clock gives pulses to the field effect transistor circuit, so that this first connect to the first horizontal "time" coordinate manufactures. The potential at this coordinate becomes due to the connection of the ordinate with an abscissa scanned by the field effect transistor circuit and connected to a servo amplifier. This amplifier again actuates a servo valve to bring the core to its rest position until a feedback signal is received from the Position transmitter is received, which cancels the command signal and indicates that the core is in the selected Location is located. At the end of the first time interval, the switching circuit checks the potential at the second coordinate. This potential is then applied to the servo amplifier and the core is fed back if necessary. In this way, the core is passed through each interval of the extrusion sequence corresponding to that at the The program set on the control panel is then brought into its position.

For modifying the signal from the control panel to the servo amplifier preferably becomes an auxiliary "weight" control intended. This "weight" control provides a signal which algebraically adds to the signal from the control panel or is subtracted from it. As a result, the total weight and shape can be changed without the influence of differential changes the wall thickness can be changed from one interval to another. This weight control is special useful when operating multi-head machines because there are differences between the individual heads of the Extruder., .. ■ '

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• This program control can also be used to control auxiliary functions used like the operation of another device that is chronologically synchronized with the extrusion process will. This control is carried out by an auxiliary switchboard with coordinates to which a potential is placed after a time sequence with coordinates of the main switchboard willo The horizontal rows of the auxiliary switchboard work with vertical ladders, each of which has an actuator to control a particular one Machine function switches on. The vertical coordinates are individually connected to a horizontal "row by an insertable pin. In such a connection At given times of the work process, potentials are transferred from the horizontal ladders to the vertical ones Coordinates placed on Eelais or other auxiliary devices.

According to another feature of the invention, the control system for changing the thickness of the measurement form can be asymmetrical used wisely, i.e. around one side of the wall thicker than their opposite part. This is often desired for such types of containers, one side of which is specially designed, e.g. provided with a handle.

According to a third feature of the invention, the control system of the bank angle is used to set a i ⁿ ormringes relative to the core "transversely of the core from the concentric position in an eccentric position, the annular extrusion orifice is at one side than at the other by displacement of the ring and an asymmetrical shape is extruded. The symmetry or asymmetry of the shape is regulated during the individual following periods of the extrusion sequence by the control circuit according to the invention in the manner described. It is thus obvious that this control for moving the binge transversely at the same time as a control for moving

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pushing the core and thus changing it symmetrically the wall thickness is used.

The invention is based on an exemplary embodiment Help of the drawings · explained. In the drawings is:

Figure 1 is a view of a molding extruder with the electronic control according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a front view of the programmer;

FIG. 3 is a partial view and a partial block diagram the electrical circuit according to Figure 1. ·

Figure 4 is a schematic view of the program point "block of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a schematic and graphical perspective Partial view of the ladder of the switchboard of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the auxiliary switchboard and the auxiliary circuit;

Figure 7 ^e i ⁿ vertical cross-section through the panel;

Figure 7A is a broken off part of the in figure 7 ^m i 't a circle surrounding area in a larger scale, and

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the extruder machine with the electronic control according to the invention.

The electronic control according to the invention is particularly suitable for regulating molding extruder machines, although undoubtedly also other possible uses for the specialist appear possible. Figure 1 shows one form of extruder 10 controlled in this way. The special ones Details of the extruder are not part of the invention. He generally takes a certain amount plastic raw material, which is heated in it and pressed from one or more extruder heads 11. Everyone

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Head 11 is provided with a stationary mold opening 12 and a core 60 is provided which includes a core part I3, which cooperates with the stationary mold opening. The relative position of the core and the shape controls the size the mold opening and thus the wall thickness of the generated Plastic pipe.

The length of the pipe or the form 14- which has been extruded from the head 11 is received in a form (not shown) which consists of two half-shells which completely surround the pipe. The tube, which is still soft " ^: ν, is then brought into contact with the mold walls by introducing pressurized gas into the interior of the mold. Again, the construction of the mold does not form part of the invention.

Details of a suitable. The American patents show the embodiment of extruders and molding devices 5, ο19,4β1, 2,784,452 'and 3,368,241.

The control system according to the invention can also be used with other extruders, for example an apparatus in which the core remains stationary while the extruder head is moved away to the nucleus and from it when the Jt size of the mold opening and thus the thickness of the pipe wall to be changed target. As shown in Figure 8, the control system can be used on an extruder with a transversely displaceable mold so that the thickness of the wall can be changed asymmetrically, that is, one side of the wall becomes thicker than the side opposite it. This particular, «? The exemplary embodiment is described with the aid of FIG.

As Figure 1 shows, it is the task of the control system the invention to operate the extruder so that the wall thicknesses of the mold 14 are changed in a given manner can. The main elements of the tax system '

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contain an electronic programmer 21 with a main switchboard 50 on which the program is set will. A servo amplifier 26 receives the control signals of the electronic programmer over the line 53 The servo amplifier actuates a servo valve 58, which in turn regulates the flow of pressure fluid to a core displacement cylinder 59 = through a linear transducer (LYDT) 61, which is located on the core and provides an electrical feedback signal that passes through the line 63 is fed back to the servo amplifier, a Feedback signal generated "which indicated the position of the core

: With this control, the control panel contains 5 ° ordinates or conductors that correspond to the parts of the wall thicknesses. For example, in one embodiment, Jef de ordinate or vertical conductor corresponds to a wall thickness; of 0.05 mm. Each vertical ladder is through a cha- .; characteristic potential identified. The control panel also contains twenty horizontal conductors or abscissas which correspond to the units of time during the operation of the machine. So if a complete extrusion run takes two seconds, then each a V horizontal ladder is one tenth of a second. As yet erläu- ■ ^-:; Time "-Heine or: Each conductor with Je one of the vertical or""will be tert, Each horizontal is" fat "- ^

Conductors connected by a pin 152, which through ^a; suitable opening in the panel at the intersection

the desired horizontal and vertical ladder a-Γ is set. '■

The electronic programmer contains an electronic clock, which sets the extrusion sequence time in several f (in the example shown 2o) divided into time units.

The clock generates a time unit at the beginning of each

iiiiij :,

Signal and these signals are used to advance a

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Field effect transistor circuit, this circle first digs the first abscissa or time series, after a given time interval the second horizontal height, after a further interval the third row, etc., until each of the twenty rows is sent to the control circuit one after the other is switched. When each row is turned on, the potential obtained by turning on the row becomes Row through the associated pin 152 to a particular one Ordinate checked and used as a control signal for the servo amplifier. The servo amplifier moves the Kern until the feedback signal of the transmitter 61 the The input signal of the servo amplifier, which shows the position of the core according to the set program, cancels.

The electrical details of the electronic programmer 21 of Figure 1 are shown in Figures 3 to 6, in which the electrical circuit according to FIG. 1 for controlling the head 11 through the block channel in FIG 3 is shown. A single electronic programmer can operate multiple channels and thereby multiple Steer the control heads.

In the following description of the logic circuit, the terms "1-state", "on-state" and "are more positive State "has the same meaning as well as the expressions" 0-state "," off-state "and" negative state "have the same meaning are. A transition from the 0 state to the 1 state is called the "leading edge of a pulse" and a transition from the 1 state to the 0 state is called the "trailing edge of a pulse "

The two channels 51 and 52 in FIGS. 1 and 3 are fed from the output 53 of the electronic programmer. Each channel contains a servo amplifier 56> the output 57 of which is connected to the rotating coil 58a of the servo valve 58. The output of the servo valve controls the flow of pressure fluid to a hydraulic cylinder 59 »

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containing a piston that attaches to the extrusion core 60 is coupled. The position of the extrusion core 60 is scanned by a linear transducer (LVDT) 61, which has a proportional electrical signal on line 63 is fed back to the servo amplifier. The servo amplifier 5 & generates an error signal at its output, which is the algebraic difference between the input signal the line 53 and the feedback signal on the line 63 corresponds.

A potentiometer that can be changed by weight control

65 lies between the positive voltage source and earth, The wiper 66 of the potentiometer 65 is connected to the input of the servo amplifier 56 connected. The amplifier adds algebraically the voltage on the wiper

66 to the input signal on line 53 · This setting of the potentiometer 65 enables a first shift to be introduced into the core layer. The weight of the The shape can thus be changed without programmed changes in the thickness of the application occurring »This weight control is particularly useful for creating or compensating for differences among different heads a multi-head machine useful.

The electronic programmer 21 contains an electronic program board 70 which is shown in FIG. 3, and a switch board 50 which is shown in FIGS. 2, 5 and 7. The electronic program board 7o contains an FET scanner 7Ί> ^e i * i shift register 72 and a timing circuit 73 Each of the 2o inputs corresponds to a corresponding one of the horizontal rows of the control panel 5 °, which will be described in detail later. The FET scanner checks the voltage at one of the inputs 75 and applies this voltage to the output 76

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Shift register 72 is a twenty-bit register with - one flip-flop 78-1 to 78-2o at each bit position, which ever one of; FET scanner inputs 75 corresponds. the Flip-flops are standard circuits with -positive and negative outputs 79 or 8p, setting and reset inputs 81 or 82, J and K inputs 83 or * 84 and a clock input 85

The flip-flops of the shift register 72 are connected like a conventional shift register, the positive output 79 and the negative output 8o of the next flip-flop being connected by lines 86 and 87. The setting input 81 of the first flip-flop and the reset inputs 82 of the other nineteen flip-flops 78-2 to 7S-2o are connected together via the reset line 88. When the reset line 88 is grounded, the first flip-flop 78-1 will go into the on state and the remaining flip-flops will be switched off. The clock inputs 85 of the flip-flop 78-1 to 78-2o are connected together via the clock line 9o The trailing edges of a pulse on the line 9ö let each flip-flop assume the state of the previous flip-flop of the shift register, so that an originally set bit is shifted in the first flip-flop 78-1 along the shift register into a position in response to pulses from the clock generator. A bit in one of the flip-flops causes the corresponding input 75-1 to 75-2o of the FET scanner 71 to be switched to the output of the scanner 76.

The FET scanner 71 ^{un (i} d- ^as shift register 72 are in the twenty program points 93-1 divided up 93-2o Each program item is identical with the exception of the compound in the program point 93-1 of the Binstelleingangs 81 and not the reset input 82 to the reset line 88ο Each contains one of the twenty identical parts of the FET scanner 71 and the shift register 72. Each program point contains a flip-flop 78 and the corresponding scanner

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stereinangsklemine 75 »A detailed scheme of the programiapuiikts 92 «2 is shown in FIG.

The program point 93-2 is, as FIG. 4 shows, in three Parts divided: e.inen FET ~ Sahalter 94, which is a part of the FET scanner is a shift register bit 95 »that of the corresponding part of the shift register 72, and a lamp circuit 96 »which shows the state of the shift register bit / 95 displays. The flip-flop 78 «2 is, as indicated above, switched.

The Laiiipenkreis 96 contains a lamp 1oo-2, which between a positive DC voltage rail 1o1 and the collector 1o2 of an IiPlT transistor! The emitter 1o4 of transistor 1o3 is connected to rail 1o5, those outside of program point 92-2 at the anode 1o6 the diode 1o7, which is grounded at its cathode 1o8. The base 1o9 of the transistor 1o3 is connected to the positive output 79 of the corresponding via the resistor Ho Fli £> -Flop 78 connected, 7 / is thus the flip-flop 78-2 is in the on state, the transistor becomes 1o3 short-circuited to earth and thereby the display Lamp 1oo ^ -2 switched on when the flip-flop 78-2 SiQh in the off state, the transistor 1o3 remains non-conductive, so that the indicator light 1oo-2 remains off,

The negative output terminal 8o of the flip-flop 78-2 is connected to the negative bus 114 via a resistor voltage divider. The voltage divider consists of the resistors. 115 and 116 connected in series _; ind. The connection of the resistors 115 and 116 is at the base of the NPN transistor 12 ©. The emitter 121 of the transistor 12o is connected to the negative busbar 114 via the resistor 122. The collector 123 of the transistor 12p is connected to the positive busbar 125 via the resistor 124. The emitter 123

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is also on the cathode 126 of the diode 127 · The gate 129 of the I ¹ ET 13ο is on this diode. The train of FET 130 is connected to the appropriate input line. The food source 132 of the E ¹ ET 13o is on the input line: 76 of the electronic program board .70. If the flip-flop is thus in the Aua state, the negative output 80 of the flip-flop 78 is positive. ". tiv and the base 118 of the transistor 12o is relatively positive and makes the transistor 12o conductive, ./if the transistor 12p is conductive, its collector is,;.; · 123 in the state, lower potential and is via the. Jj Diode 127 placed on gate 129 of JB ¹ ET 13o
the FET 13o remains non-conductive. If the flip-flop 78 is in the on state, a relatively negative potential appears at the base 118 of the transistor "ϊ ~ 2ο, which makes the transistor 12o non-conductive. The capacitor 128 is charged via the resistor 124 and a relative positive potential appears at gate 129 of FET 13o _o This makes FET 13o conductive, so that the voltage is applied to the corresponding input terminal 75 via train 131: to source 132 of FET 13o and to output line 76. For connection to a Auxiliary switchboard 49 and the circuit according to Figure -6 is an auxiliary terminal 135> which-will be described ₀ on the
There are twenty rows of contacts on the control panel 5 °, one for each program point 93 · The anode 136 of the diode 137 has the auxiliary terminal 135 · The cathode 138
the diode 137 is connected to the negative output 80 of the corresponding flip-flop 78. The diode 137 isolates the flip-flop 78 of the shift register 72 if
the auxiliary contacts 135 are connected.

Figure 5 shows the circuit of the switchboard fjo. One-chip " voltage divider 14o contains five resistors 141, which between a voltage reference point 142 and earth in series lie. The voltage divider 14o provides forty nine Intermediate Stress Reference Points at Each Level Between

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the reference voltage purict 142 and earth. ' Ss can also be one

■ larger or smaller number of reference points are used »Point 142 is at pole 144 of a single-pole changeover switch 145, which is ^a push-button switch on the

'Tafel von Figur'2 can be seen. This switch 145 connects the voltage reference point 142 either via the ', / i - the stand 146 or the resistor 147 with a source

; ■ a positive DC voltage. The resistors 146, and 147 have different ',' values. The switch 145 varies hence the reference voltage at point 142 and thus the The voltage drop across each of the resistors 141 and changes also the enlargement of the space between the oparua-

} ■ level 143.

The mechanical! Details of construction of the Schultta- fei t 5o v / ground in connection with Figure 8. ^In:; In general, the table 5 ° consists of several horizontal and vertical conductors and is constructed in the form of a twenty by fifty-one cross matrix * The twenty: horizontal conductors have a corresponding entrance; of the ΪΈΤ scanner connected. The fifty-one vertical: conductors are located at a corresponding point on the chip I- "voltage divider 14 o, wherein the first point is grounded The.

“Fifty-first is at, voltage reference point 142 and ^! the forty-nine intervening ladder lie

■ at corresponding intermediate reference points 143.

Pins 152 can be inserted into holes I53- in the control panel used to have a horizontal ladder 15o to connect a vertical conductor 'I5I. Through this Connection is made at one of points 143 of the voltage divider 14o the reference voltage to a corresponding input terminal of the EET scanner. V / hen the flip-flop 3tifei 78 äes the program point corresponding to the terminal switched on is, this voltage is applied to the output terminal 76 of the scanner and "thus to the servo input -

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line 53 of the servo amplifier 56, which the core 60 can assume such a dimension of the nozzle opening that corresponds to the position of pin 152 on the control panel.

The timing circuit 73 in Figure 3 basically provides two .output signals. That. the first signal is a reset pulse on line 88 and the second a clock generator pulse on line 9o. The timing circuit delivers twenty pulses on line 9o for each pulse on the Lei-Lung 88 during a normal workflow in automatic »/ Ice.

During automatic operation, a trigger signal is received from the clock via line 161, which signal is connected to the extruder. This start signal can be related to any function of the machine. For example, it can be sent when the plastic material in the extruder has reached a certain temperature. This signal can also cause a reset pulse to appear on line 88, which turns on a first flip-flop of shift register 72. The time circuit 73 then gives twenty clock pulses to the glue 9o at each time interval. The total time for the twenty pulses corresponds to the time to _m extrude a shape. These pulses let the bit ' M through the shift register from the program point »3ins. to program item twenty and then back to program item one ■ hike *

The transfer of the bit from program point twenty to Program point one is scanned by the timing circuit via line 155, which is at the positive output of the flip-flop 78-2o of program item twenty is. The other end of the line 155 is via switch 156 which is active during normal operation is closed in the time cycle guided. That. Sampling the transmission of the bit from Program point twenty for program point one suppressed

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further clock pulses and thus stops the programmer. With switch 156 open, this shift does not occur scanned and the programmer runs freely and the bit continues to freely circulate in the register. With normal automatic if the register has been stopped once, a further start signal must be received from time circuit 73, another twenty-round sequence of workflow trigger again. This start impulse is how already explained, delivered by the extruder when it is ready for the next run.

The extruder can also be controlled by hand. No clock pulses are given automatically, but must be done individually by applying a start pulse via the hand switch 157 on the front of the board to be triggered.

The manual progress switch 157 is a single pole torque switch, the pole 158 of which is normally grounded. The normally open contact 159 of the switch 157 is connected to a positive voltage source via the resistor 16o. The open contact 159 is also connected to the extruder machine via a line 161. _r via the line 161 is applied a start pulse during the automatic see operation for triggering a twenty cycles scan. The contact 159 of the switch 157 is connected to the input 164 of the RS-ELip-Flop 165 via a capacitor 163. The input 164 is also connected to the positive voltage source via a resistor 166. The normally open contact 167 of the switch 157 is via the resistor 168 The contact 167 is also connected to the input 169 of the RS flip-flop 165i, which is primarily intended to isolate the clock generator from the switch 157 and to eliminate the effects of contact bouncing.

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The flip-flop 165 includes two non-AND gates 171 and 172. The inputs of gate I7I are the flip-flop input 164 and the input 173, which is connected to the output 174 of the Not-And-Gate 172 is. The entrances of gate I72 are the flip-flop input 169 and the not-and-gate input 175, which is at exit 167 äes Tores I7I. The outcome of the not-and-gate 172 is through resistance 177 Ait; connected to the positive voltage source. The outputs 176 and 174 of the gates 171 and I72 form the outputs of the lis flip-flop 165

The output 176 is at the input I80 of the monostable · m multivibrator 181, the output of which is connected to the input 184 of a second RS flip-flop 185. The output 174 of the flip-flop 165 is at the input 189 of the flip-flop 185 · The input 189 is also at the output of a monostable multivibrator 187, the input of which is connected via the switch 156 to the line 155, through which the transmission of a bit from program point twenty to program point one of the shift register 72 is scanned between the output 188 of the multivibrator 187 and the input 189 of the flip-flop 185 is a switch 19o which is closed during automatic operation and open during manual operation. *

Flip-flop 185 includes non-AND gates 191 and 192. The inputs of gate 191 are the flip-flop input and the entrance 193, which is at the exit 194 of the gate 192 lies. The inputs of the gate 192 are the flip-flop input 189, the input 195 at the output 196 of the gate 191 and the input 197 · ^ ie outputs I96 and 194 of the Gates 191 and 192 form the entrances to the

.Output 194 of flip-flop 185 is connected to input resistor 199 of an oscillator 2oo. The output 196 of the flip-flop 185 is located via the switch 2o1 at the input 2o2 of the mono-stable multivibrator 205 ° -The switch.

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2o1 is during automatic work and at Manual operation, closed. The output 2o4 of the cultivibrator 2o3 is at input 2o5 of driver 2o6 above the Not-And-Gate 2o7, which is used to reverse the outcome of the Multivibrators 2o3 and to deliver a correct reset pulse the same polarity as that of the multivibrator on line 88 with which output 208 of driver 2o6 is connected.

The opposite end of the input resistor 199 of the oscillator 2oo is connected to the base 21o of the transistor 211, whose emitter 212 is grounded and whose collector 215 is connected to the wiper 215 of the cycle time setting potentiometer 216, one end of which is connected to the positive voltage source. The collector'213

is also connected to earth via capacitor 217 and to -

the base 22o of the transistor 211, the emitter of which is geer-. det is. The collector 223 of the transistor 211 is connected across resistor 224 to the positive voltage source.

The oscillator 2oo is thus a single-connection relaxation oscillator in which the potentiometer 216 and the capacitor 217 determine the time constant. The potentiometer 216 is used to change the time constant of the oscillator, which determines the expiry time of the shift register ^ 2 = In practice, the potentiometer 216 is set by turning the knob 216a (Figure 2) to the desired total expiration time, the digital register assigned to the knob 216a can be read.

The transistor 211 is a shunt transistor that acts as a container To block the oscillator, a collector 223 is connected via resistor 228 to input 229 of the driver amplifier 23o connected «The output 231 of amplifier 23o is on line 9 °> to give clock pulses to the flip-flop 78 of the shift register 72. Of the

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Amplifier output 231 is also at input 233 of a mono s tab ile multivibrator 234 · whose output is via the Switch 238 connected to input 197 & es gate 192 is. The switch 238 is closed during manual operation and open when working automatically. This switch is used to feed back the clock pulse Handbetrieb.über the flip-flop 185 to bypass the transistor 211 of the oscillator and thereby the oscillator switch off after sending an impulse *

Between the entrance 24o of the not-and-gate 2o7 and earth Jj there is a manually operated normally open torque reset switch 239> also serves to clear the shift register 72 by hand.

Sometimes other functions of the extruder should also be controlled in relation to the time of the extrusion process. In the system according to the invention this is achieved by an auxiliary switchboard 4-9. This panel, shown in figure. 6 contains twenty horizontal conductors 25o and three vertical conductors 251 · The conductors 25o are each connected to corresponding auxiliary contacts 135 & ^e ? electronic program board 70 according to FIG. 3 · The states of the corresponding flip-flops 78 are scanned on these lines. Each vertical conductor rests on auxiliary relay 252, which in turn operates an auxiliary device. When programming the auxiliary contact board, the operation of these auxiliary devices may correspond to some or all of the positions of the bit in the shift register

The auxiliary relay circuits 252 switch the relay on or when a selected crossing point in the auxiliary matrix is excited. Two consecutive pins in a vertical one In this way, the associated relay initially switches in series on and then off when these points correspond to the flip-flop of the shift register (Figure 6).

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In particular, the auxiliary relay contains a flip-flop 26o, whose positive output 261 via a resistor 263 is at the base 236 of a transistor 264, whose Emitter 265 is grounded. The collector 266 is with the Coil 2? O of relay 271 in series. When the Flip-flop is thus the transistor 264 conductive and the relay 271 is energized. Is on the coil 27o of the relay 271 a diode 273 »whose anode connects to the collector 266 of the Transistor 264 and its cathode 275 across the resistor. 276 connected to the other end of the relay coil 27o which in turn is connected to a positive voltage source lies. This releases the stored energy from the coil when it is switched off. The contact circle of the Relay 271 'is through a container 277 with a con, capacitor 28o and a resistor 281 connected in series between the movable contact, and the normally of ^ fenen contact are shown. A capacitor 282 and a resistor 283 are interposed between the movable one Contact and the normally closed contact of the switch. The moving contact of the switch is the common terminal of the input circuit.

The clock input terminal 29o of flip-flop 26o is with a vertical conductor 251 of the auxiliary switchboard and also connected to the output of an RS flip-flop 291. This contains two Ficht-And-Tore 292 and 293 "where the Output of the gate 292 at the entrance 295 of the gate 293 and the Output 296 of gate 293 at input 297 of gate 292 lies. The other output 298 of gate 292 is with the normally closed contact of switch 3o © connected whose output 3o1 is grounded. The normally open contact of switch 3oo is on the other Input 299 of gate 293 The flip-flop 291 acts to * - together with switch 3o1, which is a momentary switch, as a push-on and off manual actuation for the; Flip-flop ■ 26o and thus for the auxiliary relay 271.

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The Eücka tell glue 3 © 3 of the flip-flop 26o of each auxiliary relay circuit 252 are together via a line 3o4 and connected to earth via a switch 3o5 and lie also via a »resistor 3o6 at the positive voltage source. Closing the switch 3o5 brings the flip-flop 2-6o to lull.

The physical structure of the circuit board ^ o is shown in Figures 2j 5, 7 and 7A. The board 5 ° contains two separate parts 25 and 26, made of non-conductive material, preferably plastic. The plates Λ are arranged parallel and at a distance from one another and are connected by a series of non-conductive spacer blocks 27 between them by gluing «

Each panel part is provided with a matrix of holes, the fifty-one ordinates and twenty abscissas Each sleeve preferably contains a smaller diameter part that goes into the hole in the plate fits, and a shoulder part 3o slightly larger in diameter, which sits on a surface of the plate. Each socket also has a central hole 153 with inwardly exiting fingers (not shown) for frictionally receiving the shaft of the head pin 152. ^

The front panel part 25 has a series of twenty horizontal conductive strip 15 ° on its back; printed and aligned with the rows of holes are «, Jed.e; r. Strip is then covered with a layer of tape and finally a horizontal layer of solder is placed over the tape. Soldering is used for electrical Connect the jacks in a given row and keep them in place.

The rear panel part 26 also carries a socket in each hole. There are no horizontal conducting strips there, but fifty-one vertical conducting strips

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■ 109842/1567 ■ original bathroom

■ Β. - 22 -

Stripe Ι5Ι. Mese make contact with, the sockets 28, which are identical to those used in the front table ax. The sockets are through vertical bands and Layers of solder along each of the fifty-one verticals The rows are combined with the rear part of the panel. the upper ends of the abscissas are denoted by V / i resistors 141 connected together, creating the vertical 'stripes form part of a voltage divider. Each strip is due to a characteristic potential difference across from the other stripes.

The auxiliary switchboard 49 is constructed similarly to the board 50

In operation, the program is started by inserting a pen set in each of the twenty rows of holes according to the thickness of the mold at the point of extrusion process. The weight spotentiometer 65 is turned by turning the knob 65a set to first specify the desired total weight. If there are several extruder heads, each channel a potentiometer 65 set by buttons 65a and 65b to compensate for a difference between the two heads. With a single head there is only one Potentiometer 65 required. Another preset w is that of the elapsed time potentiometer 216. This occurs by operating button 216a so that the total elapsed time which is displayed on the associated register, is equal to the total extrusion cycle time. This time is then automatically divided into twenty parts. After setting the program, the device is switched on and the, switch 239 momentarily to all flip-flop to be set to zero in the shift register 72, with the exception the first to be set to one. To the automatic Switches 19o and 2o1 are closed during operation, while switch 238 is open. The outputs and, 196 of the KS flip-flop 165 and 185 are initially located in the zero state and the outputs, the monostable

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109842/1 567 ' ^ß AD original

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: 2C66487

Liul ti vibrator en 181, 187, 2o3 and 234 are initially im 1 state. The negative input pulse at the terminal 159> either with manual operation via the switch 157 or in automatic operation via the line 161 applied wjLrd ^ causes at the output 176 of the RS flip-flop 165 a positive output pulse. The leading edge this pulse triggers the multivibrator 181, whereby a negative going output pulse of e.g. 1o llicrosecond duration occurs at output 132.

The leading edge of this pulse changes the state of the Ro flip-flop 185 and leaves a positive pulse of 1o Microsecond duration appear at output 196. Further it triggers the multivibrator 2o3, causing a delayed negative output pulse at its output 2o4 occurs which is inverted twice by gate 2o7 and driver 2o6 to a hefty negative To produce a pulse on the line 88, which all flip-flops 18 with the exception of the first at the program point, that comes from one, brings it to zero.

At the same time as the reset pulse appears at the output 194 of the RS flip-flop 185 sin negative lo-IÜkrosecond pulse, which turns off the bridging transistor 211 of the oscillator 2οό, so that the oscillator can oscillate and cause a series of clocked pulses to appear on line 9o. The trailing edge of this Pulses solve each flip-flup of the one after the other Shift register to move the bit from program point one through program point 2o and then immediately move back to the program item 'Sins.

When the flip-flop starts at program point twenty becomes the monostable multivibrator 187 is triggered, whereby a long negative pulse occurs at its input 188. This negative pulse is inverted at input 189 of flip-flop 185 and shifts its output 194 from

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1 0 9 8 A 2/1 5 6 7th. _BAD original

negative to positive. The positive, voltage on the transistor 211 makes this conductive, whereby the oscillator is bridged and thus switched off.

In manual mode, switches 19o and 2o1 are open and the switch 258 closed, by opening the switch 2o1 the automatic reset becomes ineffective. By closing switch 238, each clock pulse of the Oscillators fed back to flip-flop 185, which this is reset and the oscillator is switched off again.

In the exemplary embodiment described, the thickness of the wall is of a shape symmetrically changed, i.e. the thickness of the whole / andung of the hollow body is from one point on the other hand, changed evenly. When manufacturing e.g. a bottle with a single side Handle should measure the thickness of the shape in asymmetrical, / eise be changed, d.fcu there should be one side of the bottle get thicker than the other. The steer / utom after the Invention can also be used for this.

One form of an extruder and the control for releasing this gave up is shown in Figure 8. "The extruder is provided with a core 36 ,, of the vertical axis (not shown) by a servo system which can similarly be shifted to the Figure 1 _o In In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the shape surrounding the core can be displaced in the lateral direction, so that the nozzle can be arranged concentrically to the core or eccentrically to it.

The die plate 37 is formed by a piston rod

a piston 39 in the hydraulic cylinder 4o in their.]

Brought location. The position of the plate 37 is controlled by a ote iersystern similar to that of FIG.

109842/1567

This system contains a programmer with a control panel and other controls similar to those of Figure 2. At this point the abscissas of the control panel correspond to the amount of eccentricity. The programmer 4-1 supplies a control signal to the servo amplifier-4-2 and this in turn energizes the moving coil 4-3a of a hydraulic servo valve 4-5. This valve controls, the flow of the pressure fluid to the cylinder 4-0, whereby the piston and the .Formring 37 are moved. The piston rod J8 is also connected to a linear sliding transformer 44, for example an LVDT. M bundeno The signal from this transmitter is fed back to the servo ver more 4-2, which can move the Hing 37 until the feedback signal of the transmitter 4-4- cancels the command signal from the electrical programmer. The system according to FIG. 8 thus changes the thickness of the bottle wall everywhere by controlled movements of the core 36 and also the thickness of an individual part of the wall asymmetrically by moving the hinge 37 to the side.

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1098A2 / 1B67 ^ bad original

Claims (10)

'Claims 1.] Control device for determining the relative positions of a orm and an associated core of a hollow body extruder which the relative positions determine the wall thickness of the hollow body, with a drive for the relative position adjustments of form and core corresponding to attitude adjustment signals of a programmer and an attitude transmitter for providing feedback signals corresponding to the relative attitude adjustments which the Position setting signals are connected in opposition, characterized in that the programmer has a control panel with a Matrix of two sets of conductors that run between two sets, for example through. Switching plug, are connected to each other can, with a bias to adjust the, potential of a each conductor of the first set, with an electronic clock pulse generator and with an electronic switching device, which is operated by the generator to increase the voltage on each conductor of the second set in turn to check the position adjustment signals to deliver, owns. 2. Control device according to claim 1, for multiple extruders or an extruder with multiple shapes and associated cores for simultaneous extrusion, characterized by a drive and a transformer for each form and the associated core, wherein the feedback signals of each transmitter isolated from the other and the corresponding attitude adjustment signals of a common Programmer are opposed. 3. Control device according to claims 1 and 2, for setting the relative position of the shape and core in the axial direction, to determine the total wall thickness of the hollow body and the asymmetrical - 2 - 10 9 8 A 2/1667 -a JUL11971 'Sent out inserted Changed 2 056487 ^gm '^ p- ^ ⁿ tric deviations of the wall thickness in the transverse direction, whereby one wall part is thicker than the opposite part, characterized by a drive for determining the relative transverse settings of the positions of the mold and core, by a Adjustment transmitter for providing feedback signals corresponding to the relative lateral adjustments un <| the position setting signals of the programmer, the. preferably the clock pulse generator of the programmer for the axial Shift affects. 4. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electronic switching device is a Contains shift register that is triggered by the clock pulse generator and a set of bit positions, each of which is the corresponding one of the conductors of the second set corresponds to a set of electronic switching elements, each of which is between different of the second set, and a servo amplifier and, and that each for the presence of a bit in the corresponding bit setting of the shift register responds and the corresponding conductor with an input of the servo amplifier connects. 5. Control device / according to claim 4, characterized in that that the shift register is connected so that it is a ring counter forms and contains a device which sets a bit in 'a predetermined bit position of the shift register. 6. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a voltage divider with a set of intermediate positions, each of which is connected to a conductor of the first set and so to this the corresponding one Imprints potential. ' 7. Control device according to claim 6, characterized in that the set of intermediate positions are evenly distributed ·· - '■■ - 3 - 109 842/1587 -8 JUL11971 Separated Uiii2cii'ijt G "3 η dart _ο η ι- r / m Potentials on the conductors of the first sentence. 8. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an adjustable control for changing of the signal from the electronic programmer. 9. Control device according to claim 8, characterized in that the drive is based on the algebraic sum of the electronic Programmer and responds to signals received from the adjustable controller. 10. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic clock generator is periodic Provides output signals and a device at various Times of pessimism at the exit of the L ^ ktronis arten Clock on different time sequences of the ibtbruders [J f DiI patent attorney Df PlJ- Ing.W. Möfe Dipl. Ing. H.Ti 1098A2 / 1567 is Le e rs ei te