DE2050917B2 - PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DEACUIFICATION - Google Patents
PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DEACUIFICATIONInfo
- Publication number
- DE2050917B2 DE2050917B2 DE19702050917 DE2050917A DE2050917B2 DE 2050917 B2 DE2050917 B2 DE 2050917B2 DE 19702050917 DE19702050917 DE 19702050917 DE 2050917 A DE2050917 A DE 2050917A DE 2050917 B2 DE2050917 B2 DE 2050917B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- whey
- reverse osmosis
- wines
- acids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 claims 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015205 orange juice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/14—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment
- A23C9/142—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration
- A23C9/1427—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration by dialysis, reverse osmosis or hyperfiltration, e.g. for concentrating or desalting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
- A23L2/72—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter by filtration
- A23L2/74—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter by filtration using membranes, e.g. osmosis, ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
- B01D63/087—Single membrane modules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G1/00—Preparation of wine or sparkling wine
- C12G1/02—Preparation of must from grapes; Must treatment and fermentation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Description
ill*
sis·ill *
sis
Semipermeable Membranen sind Filmmembranen aus Cellulose-Derivaten, wie Estern und Äthern, z. B. aus Celluloseacetat oder Celluloseäthyläther, die durch ihre besondere Herstellungsweise eigenartige Porenstrukturen und Oberflächeneigenschaften haben.Semipermeable membranes are film membranes made from cellulose derivatives such as esters and ethers, e.g. B. from cellulose acetate or cellulose ethyl ether, the pore structures peculiar to their special production method and have surface properties.
Die USA.-Patentschriften 2 386 826 (Trennung von Flüssigkeiten voneinander oder von Flüssigkeiten von festen Stoffen), 2 686 154 (Dialyse-Apparat ζ. Β zum Austausch von fluiden Bestandteilen) und 3 170 867 (Entmineralisierung z. B. von Salzwasser zur Gewinnung von Trinkwasser) beschrieben die Verwendung von Membranen mit Stützvorrichtungen, die in dieser Kombination mehrfach nebeneinander- oder aufeinandergestapelt sein können.U.S. Patents 2,386,826 (separation of liquids from one another or liquids from solid substances), 2,686,154 (dialysis machine ζ. Β for exchanging fluid components) and 3,170,867 (Demineralization e.g. of salt water for the production of drinking water) described the use of membranes with support devices, which are stacked next to each other or on top of each other in this combination could be.
Demgegenüber besteht das Plattenaggregat für die Vorrichtung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung aus Verteilerplatte 2 mit Zulauf 11, Kanälen 13 und 14 und Überlauf 12 sowie der semipermeablen Membran 3 mit zwei porösen Stützscheiben 16, zwischen denen ein Drr.inagegewebe 5 liegt, dessen Kanäle in einen Ausflnß'kanal 6 für das Filtrat münden.In contrast, the plate assembly for the device according to the present invention consists of Distribution plate 2 with inlet 11, channels 13 and 14 and overflow 12 and the semipermeable membrane 3 with two porous support disks 16, between which there is a drainage tissue 5, the channels of which lead into an outflow channel 6 open for the filtrate.
Dieses besondere Plattenaggregat hat sich für das vorliegende Verfahren als besonders günstig erwiesen.This particular plate unit has proven to be particularly favorable for the present process.
Das Verfahren kann bereits mit einer Platteneinheit durchgeführt werden. Es ist aber zweckmäßig, Stapel dieses Plattenaggregates zu verwenden.The process can already be carried out with a disk unit. But it is useful to pile to use this plate unit.
F i 2.1 zeigt ein Diagramm, aus dem der allgemeine Verfährensablauf ersichtlich ist: Die wäßrige säurehaltige Flüssigkeit wird von einer Pumpe 1 aui den erforderlichen Druck gebracht und über Leitungen in eine Verteilerplatte 2 eingegeben. Die Verteilerplatte grenzt an eine semipermeable Membran 3,durch welche die Druckfiltration nach dem Prinzip der umgekehrten Osmose erfolgt. Das Filtrat, bestehend aus Wasser und den gewünschten entfernten Säureanteilen, wird durch eine poröse Stützschicht 4 aus dem Bereich der Membran abgegeben und über ein Drainagegewebe 5 dem Ablauf 6 der Vorrichtung zugeführt.F i 2.1 shows a diagram from which the general process sequence can be seen: The aqueous acidic Liquid is brought to the required pressure by a pump 1 and is fed into the liquid via lines a distributor plate 2 entered. The distributor plate is adjacent to a semipermeable membrane 3, through which pressure filtration is based on the principle of reverse osmosis. The filtrate consisting of water and the desired acid content removed, is through a porous support layer 4 from the area of the membrane released and fed to the drain 6 of the device via a drainage fabric 5.
F i g. 2 zeigt einen Stapel von in Serie geschalteten Verteilerplatten2, die von einer Druckplatte? und einer Bodenplatte 8 über Gewindebolzen 9 und Muttern 10 unter Druck zusammengehalten werden. Die Verspannung dient nur dem Aushalten des Druckes der umgekehrten Osmose, der von der Pumpe erzeugt wird Über eine Einbauleitung 11 wird die zu entsäuernde Flüssigkeit von der hier nicht dargestellten Pumpe zugeführt und in die erste Verteilerplatte 2F i g. Figure 2 shows a stack of manifold plates 2 connected in series, which are supported by a pressure plate? and a base plate 8 are held together under pressure by means of threaded bolts 9 and nuts 10. the Bracing is only used to withstand the reverse osmosis pressure generated by the pump Via an installation line 11, the liquid to be deacidified is replaced by the liquid not shown here Pump fed and into the first distributor plate 2
eingeleitet Die Platte 2 ist ζ. B. aus korrosionsfreieminitiated The plate 2 is ζ. B. from corrosion-free
Edelstahl und weist neben dem Überlauf 12 Kanäle 13 und 14 auf, wobei die Kanäle an jeder Seite miteinan-Stainless steel and has 12 channels 13 and 14 in addition to the overflow, the channels on each side with one another
der in Verbindung stehen. Der Überlauf 12 der ersten Verteilerplatte 2 ist mit dem Zulauf 11 der nächsten.who are related. The overflow 12 of the first Distribution plate 2 is next to inlet 11.
Verteilerplatte in Serie geschaltet Es ist aber auchDistribution plate connected in series But it is also
,ohne weiteres möglich, von der Pumpe her gesehen, sämtliche Verteilerplatten bei Gegenamschluß parallel, easily possible, seen from the pump, all distribution plates parallel with counter-connection
ίο^ZU schalten.ίο ^ TO switch.
Die Kanäle 13 und 14 jeder Verteilerplatte sind von je einer semipermeabler! Membran 3 abgedeckt Die Membranen sind zweckmäßig auswechselbar montiert, um den jeweils wechselnden Anforderungen je nachThe channels 13 and 14 of each distribution plate are each semi-permeable! Membrane 3 covered the Diaphragms are expediently mounted interchangeably, in order to meet the changing requirements depending on
dem Einsatz der zu entsäuernden wäßrigen Flüssigkeit und dem gewünschten Grad der Entsäuerung zu genügen. Auf der anderen Seite der semipermeablen Membran sind Stützringe 15 angeordnet, die einmal dazu beitragen, die Membran 3 gegenüber den Verteiler-to satisfy the use of the aqueous liquid to be deacidified and the desired degree of deacidification. On the other side of the semipermeable membrane, support rings 15 are arranged, once for this purpose contribute to the membrane 3 with respect to the distributor
ao platten zu halten und die weiter zwei poröse Stützschichtscheiben 16 halten. Die Stützschichtscheiben je eines Stützringes 15 sind durch ein Drainagegewebe 5 voneinander getrennt. Die Kanäle im Drainagegewebe 5 münden in einen Ausflußkanal 6 für das FiI-ao plates to hold and the next two porous support layer discs 16 hold. The support layer disks of each support ring 15 are covered by a drainage fabric 5 separated from each other. The channels in the drainage tissue 5 open into an outflow channel 6 for the FiI-
trat. Lediglich der oberste und der unterste Stützring 15 ist abweichend ausgebildet, da er an seiner zu den Stützplaiten (Druckplatte 7 und Bodenplatte 8) gewandten Seite keine weitere poröse Stützschicht hat. F i g. 3 zeigt noch einmal separat die Anordnung derkicked. Only the top and bottom support rings 15 is designed differently because it faces the support plates (pressure plate 7 and base plate 8) Side has no further porous support layer. F i g. 3 shows the arrangement of FIG. 3 again separately
porösen Stützschichtscheiben 16 mit dem dazwischenliegenden Drainagegewebe 5 und dem Ausflußkanal 6, der semipermeablen Membran 3 und der Verteilerplatte 2 mit Zulauf 11, Überlauf 12 und den Kanälen 13 und 14 sowie mit dem Stützring 15.porous support layer disks 16 with the drainage fabric 5 in between and the outflow channel 6, the semipermeable membrane 3 and the distributor plate 2 with inlet 11, overflow 12 and the channels 13 and 14 as well as with the support ring 15.
Die Platten haben zweckmäßig eine Oberflächengröße von etwa 500 cm2 bis etwa 1000 cm*. Versuche haben ergeben, daß es bei einer Plattengröße von 715 cm* möglich ist, das Verfahren bereits mit einer Platteneinheit durchzuführen. Es ist aber zweckmäßig, Stapel von Plattenaggregaten der in den Zeichnungen F i g. 2 und 3 gezeigten Anordnungen zu verwenden, die bis zu etwa 100 Einheiten betragen können.The plates expediently have a surface size of about 500 cm 2 to about 1000 cm *. Tests have shown that with a plate size of 715 cm * it is possible to carry out the process with one plate unit. But it is expedient to use stacks of plate units of the type shown in the drawings F i g. 2 and 3, which can be up to about 100 units.
Die folgenden Versuchsreihen 1 und 2 zeigen die Ergebnisse der partiellen Entsäuerung von Trauben-The following test series 1 and 2 show the results of the partial deacidification of grape
mosten bei Zimmertemperatur und bei verschiedenen Drücken von 20 bis 220 atü.must at room temperature and at various pressures from 20 to 220 atmospheres.
Versuchsreihe 1 Gesamtsäure des Traubenmostes: 7,2 g/lTest series 1 Total acidity of the grape must: 7.2 g / l
1,6
1.6
1,02
1.02
2 0502 050
Versuchsreihe 2 Gesamtsäure des Traubenmostes: 7,6 g/lTest series 2 Total acidity of the grape must: 7.6 g / l
Das Verfahren kann !eicht kontinuierlich durchgeführt werden, und zwar bei einem Druckbereich von ao etwa 20 bis etwa 250 atü und bei einer Temperatur, die im allgemeinen im Bereich etwa der Zimmertemperatur liegt, also um 20 bis 30° C. Die untere Temperaturgrenze ist durch den Erstarrungspunkt der zu entsäuernden Flüssigkeit gegeben: die oberen Temperatur- a$ grenzen sind unterschiedlich, je nach der Art der zu entsäuernden Flüssigkeit, wobei in jedem Falle darauf zu achten ist, daß eine Schädigung der zu behandelnden Flüssigkeit vermieden wird. So liegen die oberen Temperaturgrenzen für Traubenmost bei etwa 60° C, für Fruchtsäfte bei etwa 4O0C und bei Molke bei etwa 7O0C.The process can easily be carried out continuously, namely at a pressure range from about 20 to about 250 atmospheres and at a temperature which is generally in the region of about room temperature, i.e. around 20 to 30 ° C. The lower temperature limit is through where the solidification point of the liquid to be deacidified: limit the upper temperature a $ are different, depending on the nature of the deacidifying fluid, it being ensured in each case that a damage of the liquid is avoided to be treated. So are the upper temperature limits for grape must at about 60 ° C, for fruit juices at about 4O 0 C and whey at about 7O 0 C.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702050917 DE2050917B2 (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1970-10-16 | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DEACUIFICATION |
IT2997171A IT945999B (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1971-10-16 | WATER SOLUBLE AZO DYES |
DE19732320660 DE2320660A1 (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1973-04-24 | DEVICE FOR DE-ACIDIZING LIQUIDS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702050917 DE2050917B2 (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1970-10-16 | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DEACUIFICATION |
DE19732320660 DE2320660A1 (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1973-04-24 | DEVICE FOR DE-ACIDIZING LIQUIDS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2050917A1 DE2050917A1 (en) | 1972-04-20 |
DE2050917B2 true DE2050917B2 (en) | 1973-02-08 |
Family
ID=37963822
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702050917 Pending DE2050917B2 (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1970-10-16 | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DEACUIFICATION |
DE19732320660 Pending DE2320660A1 (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1973-04-24 | DEVICE FOR DE-ACIDIZING LIQUIDS |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19732320660 Pending DE2320660A1 (en) | 1970-10-16 | 1973-04-24 | DEVICE FOR DE-ACIDIZING LIQUIDS |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (2) | DE2050917B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2348807A1 (en) * | 1973-09-28 | 1975-04-03 | Henkell & Co | Potassium acid tartrate removal - from wine by reverse osmosis and filtering of tartrate crystals from concentrate |
DE2438170A1 (en) * | 1974-08-08 | 1976-02-19 | Henkell & Co | Reverse osmosis to separate tartar from wine - as filtered crystals from cooled osmotic concentrate |
DE3125222A1 (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-03-24 | Leonid Nikolaevič Čekalov | Membrane element for separating gas mixtures and liquid mixtures and apparatus containing the said element |
AT379520B (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1986-01-27 | Vogelbusch Gmbh | DEVICE FOR SEPARATING LIQUID OR GASEOUS MIXTURES |
DE3700694C1 (en) * | 1987-01-13 | 1988-07-21 | Rudolf Dipl-Ing Obersteiner | Filter element for a tangential flow filter apparatus |
DE4242719A1 (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-06-23 | Mulli Christian | Assembly to separate heated mixts. by pervaporation |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4070291A (en) * | 1974-09-24 | 1978-01-24 | Henkell & Co. | Method and apparatus for accelerating the crystallization and removal of tartar from wine |
FR2333455A1 (en) | 1974-10-18 | 1977-07-01 | Molins Ltd | Reversible buffer reservoir for cigarette machine feed - conveyor belt from zig-zag storage paths vertical belts at bends |
DE2559714C2 (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1982-09-30 | Molins Ltd., London | Reservoir for cigarettes |
FR2443216A1 (en) * | 1978-12-04 | 1980-07-04 | Verniers | Clarification of fruit juice by ultrafiltration - enabling recovery of pectin(s) from retentate |
US4304670A (en) * | 1979-04-03 | 1981-12-08 | Terumo Corporation | Blood filter with air trap and distributing chamber |
FR2845096B1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-10-29 | Vaslin Bucher | PROCESS FOR DEACIDIFYING BEVERAGES |
-
1970
- 1970-10-16 DE DE19702050917 patent/DE2050917B2/en active Pending
-
1973
- 1973-04-24 DE DE19732320660 patent/DE2320660A1/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2348807A1 (en) * | 1973-09-28 | 1975-04-03 | Henkell & Co | Potassium acid tartrate removal - from wine by reverse osmosis and filtering of tartrate crystals from concentrate |
DE2438170A1 (en) * | 1974-08-08 | 1976-02-19 | Henkell & Co | Reverse osmosis to separate tartar from wine - as filtered crystals from cooled osmotic concentrate |
DE3125222A1 (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-03-24 | Leonid Nikolaevič Čekalov | Membrane element for separating gas mixtures and liquid mixtures and apparatus containing the said element |
AT379520B (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1986-01-27 | Vogelbusch Gmbh | DEVICE FOR SEPARATING LIQUID OR GASEOUS MIXTURES |
DE3700694C1 (en) * | 1987-01-13 | 1988-07-21 | Rudolf Dipl-Ing Obersteiner | Filter element for a tangential flow filter apparatus |
DE4242719A1 (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-06-23 | Mulli Christian | Assembly to separate heated mixts. by pervaporation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2320660B1 (en) | 1974-02-14 |
DE2050917A1 (en) | 1972-04-20 |
DE2320660A1 (en) | 1974-02-14 |
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