DE2048783C - Guide bush for bar material on a Swiss-type automatic lathe - Google Patents

Description

The Fifmduug refers iichse for TLAs slang material at a 1 .angdreh- ^fi on a guide 5 ji '.' Imaten with present at Stangemiiaterial v'al / köipei n. Axially between F'lächen Led, nil. at least one of which is designed as an inner cone Ni and one of which is arranged on a sleeve that is axially adjustable with respect to the rolling elements.

In so-called Laim Drehauiomalen, in which the workpiece is also shifted in the axial direction during machining, it is bckaiuu. a tubular guide bushing (also referred to as aN 1 ünette) to be provided as a rod-shaped guide for rod-shaped or rod-shaped maleria to be processed. The inside cross-section of the guide bushing is dimensioned in such a way or, in the case of adjustable guide bushes, is set so that these surely still have the greatest impact on a material with more or less g, vo (Jer Querschuiusuiieran / hintiurchläßl. Da ⁱ füh :!. · Yes / u, that there is always a more or less large ^Sp; el tw isciien the Maieria auf'.riti with varying cross section and the Rihrungsbüchse mii knnstantem Durelwnesser P'ies fiiiirl zwangläutig / a time 'on ab'.viMclujiigen Work piece. This play makes you see only then! K ¹ S ₁ UuIeIs unpleasantly noticeable, if tools from different workpieces, especially in a slightly overlapping sequence, aiii the workpiece act.

For lathes of the type specified above, therefore, ui ·. ' \ er \\ endiing a Aussiangsina ieri.'K voriiLscline! ^1. · !!. tlas. depends on the required dimensional accuracy wedge of the workpiece, is closely tolerated and possibly even closed to NFaiJ.

Hm v. Further disadvantage of the well-known leadership ^ .- biu! I - c is. Discharge if there are frequent frictional pressure a relatively large amount of wear and tear in the rifle! or stigar body welding or eat food.

This manual can to a certain extent only be countered with a barrel with rollers, which is proposed in the Swiss citation 471 632 and in the German (Micnlegungsschrift I ¹ J (I? (S ') 5). The rollers are located between the bar material and the surface of the bushing. They run with their outer surface on the adjustable surface and on the raw material. The interfering bushing is effected by means of a sleeve which is axially adjustable in a thread.

The above-described Fiilirungsbüchsen sin; ¹ not resilient, which means that when you do not; ^- constant diameter of the bar material, on the one hand, no clear guides; is present and on the other hand a jamming is possible.

Further filing boxes are from the Swiss! 'Atentschrifl 207 rind, the German godparents! script 627 867, from the German patent script 1! 74 132. 1 267 06 (1. I 272 081 and I 286 375 sovvii from the German Auslegesehriften 1 602 S70 I 301 l ') 2 and I 1 20 S36 known.

In the case of ilen two first-mentioned patents, tension is applied directly to the material pliers with letlerhelätigler attachment, which as a result of the spring force in one direction of movement in certain Extent self-locking and in tier Ciegenrichtun have a self-oiling effect. These 'guide bushes' for the first angle are only ver reversible.

The other patents mentioned belrelTe F'ühruiiüsbüehsen like a direct on the material

.: 'iiege; itien collet that can be set from the outside in its • rreii Fiihningsdu ^r chmesser!. The other publications mentioned help formwork machine guides, namely! See guide and materia! u; tmdsatzhch None

· ■.!. Movement is provided. These explanations, ' . <: < One direction as a result of resilient pressure l-stiicnimeiid or with adjustment from the outside! • ■ - • η. ^{Collets that} heal directly on the material: .r Aiilagebacken provided.

is is the task of animal Fiiindung.eine Füiirungshiiclisc -ügeben where ".oransiehend specified N'ach-: smd avoided and the one in ^particular!

ν ■! ni range adjustable '! l-iihrti'i-i-vjuerschniil has i Jie .üich be; ι in (juc. -e μ η :; t '-Vmihici en: toicrii r-

a gen :: !! zenir.seh u;: d spieitrei iülu; i) | ..'- e \ uffrage becomes duiv.li e; i; e ■ ·. te m.ijn ^ a: i-

, .'j'iene Fuhi uivjshiichve iielöst. die ei! ind! .üusiie- • . ·.: ■ dadineh known - :, ich.net is. that the sleeve through '.:;, cM! sieiiba; e elasiie-che MiUeI ge <; eii die Wa! / - ! ■ he. Balls C'der Wälzen, ν eischiehha, isi.

!): l rolling elements lie, ·; automatically under pressure - <-. ^: irei and i '.-. Miau zeniriseh to your introduced'':'.;. .aal on.

The eriindunuscemäljc Fülmi !! L'.shiiehse isi / ui sie.s ■ - [-, -. 'Ii z.enirischen leadership especially sonenami-! ■ Vriofgen Materials are suitable. there · - run one ·.! s ν, .iükeiiden (Juer-ehniUsthnvuuiesscr aalweise. ^v -! 'ieilliafterWcise at the ciliiuK; üsuc Maßeii!! i'iiungs.buchse the material to be processed can vväh- ^! .ti etiics feed in the axial direction a quick further application of the same:. Manufacture. Fin essential \ 'advantage of the erliniuii.usiieiiiäGen guide bushing it. that tier /vvanu-K.aim auitreteiide wear screen, with the -e; Fühi! Long bushing not in a verrmecric! ! Accuracy ■ kr guidance, and thus a dimensional accuracy of the urgent workpiece aiiswiikt In-.K ^- .., other has tlie iTlmdi '! ILjsgemul.W bi'lnuugsiiucle- ·. ¹ the advantage. I! Ate -ic so is designed so that the existing wear parts have a very long service life and can also be easily and quickly replaced. The other advantage of the guide bushing according to the invention is that it allows the full working length of the machine to be kept free compared to known leaders.

The with the help of the eriintiungsgemeinschaft leadership rifle manufactured work pieces are characterized by cvic great dimensional accuracy. The cifuulungsgeniaße li'ihriinisbüchse isi voivugsv.eisc for the guide rotating Round material suitable The material can move with it like in a ball or roller bearing rotate rotating balls or rollers, Basically the guide bush according to the invention is also for non-rotating material with square, hexagonal or similarly regular ones Cross-section usable.

Fs is part of the subject of lirl binding. instead of ^r s besoniii advantageous hydraulic, a pneumatic, electromagnetic or cine Ietlcrmechanische power transmission for the pressure of the balls or Wa ze provide η.

Further details of the Frliniiting go from the Figures for particularly preferred embodiments of training and their description emerge.

Fig. I shows an embodiment according to the invention with balls;

F i R. 2 shows an additional part;

f-i g. 3 / ci-U one version with conical Rollers, and

F i g. 4 shows a roller door cmc of other designs form.

1 shows a guide sleeve according to the invention denoted by 1. It is used to partially guide the rod-shaped or slang-shaped one marked with 2 Materials to manufacture this workpiece from Jem isi.

<"■ The Fühiungsbiiehse is ί for l.angtlrehbänke or automatic systems to veivventien For this is the Fuhrungsbiich-e ν o'Yugswcisc in their so gewiih ¹ 'that they previously \ erwent of animal positioning · a as.-Nußenabniessiingen.. ',, en viihriiSvni.iü.ei'i Fuhvungsbüchse zur F'ül.rimg

ί ") of the ,, υ-, walirend de- \ rbeiis' orcances axial \ eischiehbarei! rod- odci sijnue. 'shaped mafeiials ί · ζν \ at four points of the mounting of such a buhi uniishiichse ciinieiüüi can be Zur Z.eninerimg ties rod ?, adheres to that shown in Fig. I ;. Loan

i ') tion example a ring-shaped arrangement of three or more kii'jeln, of which tlie! ig. 1 shows two balls labeled 3. This annular distribution is vird. As the exemplary embodiment clearly shows, the granular ring beads 4 and 5 together with the surface 6 ties StaK ¹ · -2 siewilist These surfaces work together again the outer and inner ring of a ball bearing.

The! 'Pool 4 is on the sleeve K). the the piston of a hvdrau-

3 "lischen Svstern ^1. The Ib ¹ Ke is guided exactly in the center and displaceable by liquid pressure in the direction of the Kuüehi. With the HuKe 10 can therefore be exerted on each of the angularly distributed balls at the location of the surface 4 Kialt.

> 5 As a result, surfaces 4 and 5 themselves are very accurate are centered and preferably trained a precisely centric guide and centric anthuck of the balls uew aiii. This results in the Backlash-free and precisely close to the center of the rod 2.

The cone angles of 4 and 5 are expediently chosen to be of the same size, but to be directed in opposite directions. That means, let the balls go around Jen l'mfaug is the same size on both surfaces 4 and 5 tier contact circles between sphere and

■ * 5 Describe area, regardless of the respective Pierce the surface 6.

The benefit achieved by this is. that the balls roll smoothly on i-kn surfaces and thus less wear occurs. The formation can also be realized if only one of the surfaces 4 or 5 is an inner cone. The other surface can even be flat. It is also not necessary for surfaces 4 and 5 to be developable. They can also be concave or similarly shaped.

It is essential that the surfaces 4 and 5 so designed and placed with respect to each other that when pressing tier sleeve 10 against the balls on each of the Spheres have an inwardly directed radial component of the force. The hydraulics exist

^fin substantially from the already mentioned hülsenl'örmigen piston K), the pressure space U for tlie hydraulic fluid behind the piston, the supply line 12 and the seals. 13 and 14

The hydraulics also include the

«5th pumping and control ^{devices for the liquid:} .i. They make it possible to set a constant fluid pressure of the desired size. These facilities are outside of the guide line 1

6th 7th is, 8.5, 10, 11th , 5 mm mm. 7, 8th ι 10, 11.5, 13th mm. 4, 5 .52, 6, 6, 7th 10, 9 8.73, 8th, 7th , 5

at a suitable point on the lathe or the rotary adjustable tubular guide bushing, as they are

arranged in automatic machines and with this functionally used in Swiss-type lathes and from the

bound. For automatic lathes, for example, it recommends Swiss patent specification 471 f> 32 or the German

see Olfenlegungsschrift 1905 695 for automatic control of the pressure force.

on the piston on the Kunenwclle control cam "To for different Variatiousbcrciche respectively

put on, the control pulses use the same sleeve and the same section 20 via limit switches

give. It is also possible to be able to use the control pulses, i. H. not having to change them,

to get the electric roller control. In particular, relatively large guide cross-sections are used for small guide cross-sections

used especially in the phase of the axial advance of the ball, and vice versa. Is expedient

tcrials it is advantageous to increase the pressure on the piston, the more balls the greater the

and thus the pressure force of the balls on the circumference of the guide cross-section. The following

material, namely to such a level, the table shows a compilation of five other

that in this phase there is just enough other subsequent variation ranges for the,

Leadership is guaranteed. In the guide line 1 seen from the retaining ring to be discussed,

if the upper part of the supply line 12 is advantageous- 15 only the balls need to be replaced,
sticks wisely arranged so that it comes with one in the holder

for a guide bushing existing bore too- variation range

fits together. This can in particular be that BoIi- ^of

tion, through which in known arrangements with b ' ^s

revolving guide. bushing that for lubrication 20 number of balls

oil required for this guide bush
will.

A special further embodiment of the invention. The specified ball diameters are standard, consists in saving the sealing ring 13 and svertc.

from the hydraulic oil along the outer surface 15 25 The guide bush 1 is still with a

of the piston 10 to escape. Provide the retaining ring 31 with a protruding oil. He's attuned to

flows through the balls and lubricates their running surfaces. the balls, dimensioned in such a way that the balls

It is advantageously also used in the area essence of the rod 2, z. B. during the introduction

Foreign bodies reaching the treads, e.g. B. Me- of a new rod, not in the interior of 1

metal abrasion of the material 2, to be rinsed away. That is enough. It makes sense at this stage to the

Stepping oil is captured and filtered again to reduce pressure force considerably, but not up

Given circulation. The passage connection along to the value zero, so that the retaining ring with the Ku-

the outer surface 15 is based on the performance of the gel can not tumble and the new rod immediately

Feed pump for the oil. dimensioned so tightly that at is performed. Fig. 2 shows in a single representation

12 no disadvantageous pressure drop below the setpoint value 35, such a ring 31. Those not visible in FIG

can occur. Bars between the right and left halves

The part 16 is an annular insert piece, which of 31 also keep the balls at a distance from

is fastened with screws 17. Fs closes another. Among other things, they act like the ball basket

Opening in FIG. 1 through which the sleeve 10 from FIG. 1 is a ball bearing.

can be taken. Another particular embodiment 40 The ring 31 is loosely inserted in FIG. 1 and can be

design of the guide bush according to the invention with the displacement of the balls in the axial direction

results in the sleeve 18. It is to move a coarse guide. The inner diameter of the ring 31

newly inserted rod 2 is provided and is larger than the maximum cross-sectional dimension

to protect the bullets against damage. Purpose of the staff 2.

moderately, the sleeve 18 is equipped with an inlet 45 Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of an inven-

cone 19 provided. The annular device 101 carrying the surface 5 with conical

shaped section 20 of the device 1 is with screw rollers instead of balls. The illustrated rollers 103

ben 21 attached. By removing the part 20 are on the one hand on the surface 6 of the rod 2 and

The balls can easily be exchanged on the other hand on the conical surface 104 of the piston HC

and if necessary the section 20 itself replaces 50. The preferably convex surfaces 107 of the waI

or be reworked. zen 103 lie on surface 105 of section 12C

The fact that the guide bush 1 can be easily dismantled. With a retaining ring 131 is referred to, the derr

makes it possible, the sleeve 10 and / or the partial ring 31 corresponds, but the shape, number

piece 20 and / or the balls 3 is adapted to the same parts and dimensions of the rollers.

other dimensioning, with regard to cone angle and "55 The functions of the in FIGS. 1 and 3, respectively

or ball diameter. These differently designated parts are in the dar

Way can be one and the same guide bush 1 provided embodiments in the sense of the invention

substantially the same as far beyond those infinitely adjustable variations. The ones with the

Make application area also applicable to the parts designated for the same numerals in both examples!

"A single combination of balls and Ko-60 are identical, but can also be different

nus results. If necessary, the bushing can also be designed accordingly from one another.

18 against one with a different inside diameter according to a particularly advantageous embodiment

to replace. tu ng has an embodiment according to the invention

With a single compilation, instead of the balls shown in FIG. 1, Walzci

according to the size of the diameter of the guide cross-65. The example of a conical shape at both ends

cut a variation range of at least 1 mm beveled cylinder roller for this embodiment;

to / u reach several millimeters. This corresponds to the Fi g. 4 with the roller labeled 41

more than 1 (! times the Linstcllbereiehs a roller of this type with the jacket surfaces 4!

(ο

of the truncated cones on the inner conical smile. as they are known Fülmmgsbüchsen. Therefore / .. U. with

in Γ i g. 1 shown and denoted by 4 and 5, l.angdrchautomatcn now ilie full turning length

The rollers run with the cylindrical outer surface and are used.

on the surface ft of the material. Preferably the egg according to the invention Fühniiigsbühnse proven

In this embodiment, too, the kinins are different except for the special groove mentioned above

The same angle for the two-sided surfaces as well as for other rotating machining processes

measure up. In the special embodiment after workpieces to be guided centrically, e.g. B. for milling,

Fig. 1 can therefore in principle also the rollers rolling, rolling, grinding, peeling. Chasing, marginal

41 can be used. For the rollers according to Fig. 4 your, drilling, threading.

is an adapted retaining ring corresponding to the ring io The device allows a relatively wide range of

31 provided. ized and thus cheaper material workpieces

Manufacture an embodiment of the invention with high precision rollers.

has the advantage over a version with balls. It is also of particular advantage that the that in the case of a particularly long-lasting axial guide bushing no exact insertion Standstill of the rapidly rotating rod 2 is necessary in spite of the manual position, because this automiihohcr The pressure of the rollers is no such deformation due to the pressure of the balls or rollers tion of the surface 6 of the rod 2 occurs as it occurs.

when bullets occur in unfavorable cases as a kill In some cases it brings advantages while

can. a machining process or during the transition.

In individual cases of application, however, it can change from one processing operation to the other

it may be desirable that the device according to the invention applies compressive force to the piston and thus the contact pressure

also has a surface-working effect on the rod 2. force of the balls or rollers on the material / u

With the rotating balls it is possible to change one. Such cases are e.g. B. given when the

exert high pressure on the surface 6. Da- centric leadership through particularly large forces German

this can improve the surface quality and / or use the tool on the workpiece, e.g. when knurling,

a little «? Diameter reduction achieved is more heavily loaded, or if the material is

will. rich of rollers or cylinders by axial drilling

From the preceding description of the invention or in a corresponding manner only a small one It can be seen that one of the invention has received wall thickness and normal pressure A moderate guide bush can no longer withstand wear and tear, which is very unresponsive to the balls or rollers is sensitive. Changes in the dimensions of would. It is also recommended, especially for Conical surfaces and balls or rollers compensate balls and preferably with softer material, largely automatically. In addition, use the pressure on the to avoid grooves the parts or areas because of the constant to-piston then decrease when the rotating run essentially only rotationally symmetrical. 35 Workpiece is not axially displaced for a long time. Finally, it should be noted that there is a set of balls for it but for the machining process in progress The device is cheaper than a hard metal transition that is less attached to the exact centricity of the guide Guide bushing of the conventional type. B. when parting off. Length dimensions of a guide according to the invention The change in the compressive force on the piston Bushes are much more precise centering of the 40 can through appropriate training of the control rod can be controlled automatically much shorter than with the above-mentioned device.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (12)

Patent claims: 1. Guide rifle for the pole material inside Lanmlrchauiomat with on the stick material healing rolling elements that axially / v. isch Flat led ^ inil. mih them at least an aK inner cone is formed: and one of which on one axially against the rolling elements • arranged Ni thereby characterized in that the sleeve (10. 11 (1) animals by compressible elastic means the rolling elements (3. 103, 41) is displaceable. ' Z. Führiinc-Ouehve according to claim \. vJmUirch j '! .. mvuchtk ·. that the lijNe (10. HOj is designed as a piston that can be displaced by tin: r, diaiili-eh «. · or pncinnaMschcs medium ;. 3. Führiüiii-nuchse according to claim 2 thereby jvkcnn / eiehnel, dall on the piston ep.liaim de; Manieiilächc i 15) a major .. l; i! '> \ Erbinilimv: / wipe the pressure space (I I) uii-i the roller bearing commits 4 Leadership number shuclT-e according to \ nspruch 2 or 3. iladiir.Ji marked that the pressure of the InlirauiNchen or pneumatic medium ·, with i'cr Sseueiune ties Dtchauiomat i'ckoppe'i controllable: -; 5. Führimgsbiichs · -: luic'i claim I. thereby marked, there! ' a spring ehanisehe or electromagnetic device is provided for moving the IHiNe. Ci. Fi'ihiungshüchse according einni the .Ansprüche bi- 1 5. characterized in that the v.eiieie ^I: also aclie (5) e; ne Koiiusliäche is!. which has an equally large, oppositely shaped conical element. 7. I ^: ühi imgsbüchse according to any animal claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rolling elements are balls (3). S. Fiihrunusbüchse according to one of the claims 1 to fi. characterized in that the Rolling bodies on both linden trees are tapered / v liiuierwai / eii (41, 42). ^l ). Guide bush according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rolling elements are tapered rollers (103). 10. Guide bush according to an animal, claims I to ^l ). characterized in that do the I ^; iihruiii! surface area for the parts forming the rolling elements (sleeve 10, 110; ring 20, 120) and otherwise the rolling elements can be exchanged for such changed dimensions. 11. Fühnmgshüchse according to one of the claims I to 10. characterized in that a tlas slang material in animal guide sleeve is used with game comprehensive liner (18). 12. Guide bush according to one of the claims 1 to II. Characterized, tlaß a retaining ring (.M. 131) for the balls or Walzet; is provided. 5 "