DE2035842A1 - Weapon system with tinder actuation mechanism and method for igniting the tinder - Google Patents

Description

Weapon system with detonator actuation mechanism and method to ignite the detonator

The invention relates generally to weapon systems for actuation a detonator and in particular systems in which the range setting can be changed during the plug travel of the projectile.

The well-known detonators can be used according to their different Methods of triggering the ignition are classified. For example, there are detonators with timer actuation, preset for the required time to the destination detonators with mechanisms to determine the approach to the target and impact detonators that ignite the target. If a conventional detonator with time * encoder has been preset once and then shot down,

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then the gun personnel still have no control, and the accuracy of the hit is determined by neglected movements of the target and by the accuracy of the timing system. If the detonator is controlled by determining the approach to the target, there is likewise no control during the plug path, and neither is the detonator can detonate prematurely from other objects it approaches. A conventional target impact fuze can also cannot be checked after the projectile has been fired.

It is an object of the invention to provide a weapon system, that is, the inherent accuracy of an electronic timer actuation mechanism and, in addition, the ability to do so the adjustment of the running time until ignition by the Gun personnel in flight. The system thereby has the best properties of a digital timer and a proximity detonator.

A special feature of the system according to the invention (as in Fig. 1) is an electronic digital time fuse, which has a time base via a radar control connection with a Frequency receives which of the desired flight time of the projectile is inversely proportional. A target finder range finder device, for example a laser range finder j transmits information about the target range. distance to a pulsed radar transmitter. The distance signal of the range finder device controls a control unit for the variation of the pulse repetition frequency, which in turn sets the pulse repetition frequency of the transmitter to a value which is reciprocal to the target range. The sender is attached to the weapon system and radiates in the direction the flight path of the projectile. Each projectile contains an actuation circuit for the detonator, which consists of a Antenna, a high frequency detector, one on a fixed

- 3 counting number set counters and an ignition circuit; consists.

With. "! Firing, the safety circuit for the detonator in each projectile is ready for operation on a short". "E £ after exiting the gun barrel. During the flight of the projectile towards the target, it receives a series of high-frequency pulses of a focus frequency which is set up in such a way that the counter is just full when the projectile is at the correct distance . The counter in the detonator wallows the wuehrer.J of the flight to the target received Ii.ipulse. When the preset counting number has accumulated, the ignition circuit ignites the charge :. Once the repetition rate for the generated impulses is set as a function of the direction of the target, then: Each projectile has the same duration and the same duration. ^ put back before the same full count has accumulated. Therefore, the Gcso: .ut zpersorial through the setting up of the impulse sequence (PRF) of the bender, the Kntferr.unc in which the ^ pronbladunc is detonated.

A few unique advantages of this 3yster; s are:

1. The system is insensitive to the consequences speed at which projectiles are launched. D.h..üaß sotiohl with single shot operation as well as with one The burst of fire detonates the projectile launcher in the same Removal will occur.

2. The desired precision of the detonation distance is only limited by the capacity of the counter in the detonator and the pulse repetition frequency of the transmitter.

3 »The detonation distance can be set automatically if automatic information about the distance is available,

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k. The detonation range can be intentionally changed while the projectile is on the plug to the target.

5. Interference from other transmitters is hardly possible. because a special transmitter is required for transmission to the projectile and the receiving antenna of the projectile has a directional characteristic towards the rear.

A similar system as shown in Figure 7 can be used to power a rocket motor in a booster projectile to ignite a distance that is best suited for the programmed plug path. The muzzle velocity of the projectile, the elevation angle setting of the weapon and the information on the target range are processed to be data for the time required to the ignition point to deliver, which is then converted into a pulse train frequency of the transmitter.

These and other objects, aspects, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of a specification exemplary embodiment in connection with the figures.

Fig. 1 is an overview of a weapon system with a projectile and a detonator system for one Detonator with controlled ignition distance.

Figure 2 is a side view, partially in section, of one Detonator system according to the invention, which is particularly a projectile with a smaller caliber is adapted for insertion into the front end.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the electronic circuit of the igniter of FIG. 2.

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- 5 pig. 4 is an electronic circuit diagram of the igniter of FIG.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the electronic circuit of the flip-flop with reset.

Figure 6 is a graph of projectile range plotted above the radar pulse repetition rate.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a detonator system according to the invention, particularly is set up for insertion into the rear end of a projectile with a booster missile.

Fig. 1 shows the preferred embodiment of the system, and this contains a source for distance data, for example a laser range finder 10, a control unit for the variation of the pulse repetition frequency, a pulse transmitter, for example a radar transmitter 14 in the X-band, a Transmitter antenna 16, a weapon 18 and one or more projectiles 20. Each projectile 20 has a detonator 22. Off 2 it can be seen that each igniter 22 includes a housing 24 which contains an antenna, "for example a slot antenna 26, electronic circuitry 28, a battery 30, which may be a thermal battery, a rotor detonator assembly 32 and a booster charge 34 contains.

The rotor detonator assembly 32 comprises an eccentric rotor 36 which has a detonator charge 38 with an ignition thread ¹ JO and a contact brush 42 and a C-shaped retaining spring 44. The rotor 36 is held in the off-center, secured position until the projectile has assumed a sufficient twist in flight. The retaining spring 44 is then enlarged by the centrifugal force and is able to insert itself into an annular recess 46 in the housing 24 and to release the rotor 36. Of the

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Rotor 36 then rotates in the axial direction so that his Center of gravity and the detonator charge in the longitudinal axis of the Projectile lying. The rotor 36 is on a transverse axis 48 rotatably mounted to force the rotor to rotate irt a predetermined longitudinal plane, so that the Contact 42 sweeps this level.

The thermal battery 30 includes two normally solid and non-conductive heat fusible Electrolyte spaced electrodes. Thermitic material is attached in thermal contact with the electrolyte and can be ignited by a primer attached between two solid surfaces. One of these is a sliding impact element. The battery is normally not activated and will only be activated when the projectile suffers recoil when launched. This causes the striking element to strike the primer, which explodes and ignites the thermitic material, which then activates the electrolyte to activate the battery melts. The battery is in a cavity in the housing 32 by a front dielectric ring 50 and a rear dielectric ring 52 and is held by a snap spring 54 held in front. The outer shell 56 the battery serves as a negative contact and is designed so that the detonator contact 42 sweeps over it.

The electronic circuit 28 includes the antenna 26 and a diode detector 60, a two-stage video amplifier 62, a counter 64, an ignition circuit 66, and a Reset circuit 68. The antenna 26 consists of a Double slot antenna with four openings, their dimensions and phase relationships are designed so that the antenna gain is increased to the rear, as seen from the projectile will. The slot arrangement using two diametrically opposed double pairs of adjacent ones Slitting 1/4 wavelength apart gives one

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Antenna gain in the reverse direction of +5 decibels compared to a standard dipole. The antenna power is peak-rectified by the diode 60. The output signal of the diode 60 is the envelope curve of the high-frequency pulses emitted by the transmitter. The signal voltage at this point is about 0.05 V. from a transmitter with a peak power of ¹ IO kW m at a distance of 3000th The rectified pulses are amplified by the two-stage amplifier 62 to a value for actuating the counter 64 sufficiently is. The counter consists of twelve flip-flop stages in a cascade arrangement, which results in a counting ratio of input to output of 2 or 20 ^ 8. The changeover of the last counter stage is detected and actuates the output circuit, so that only a count of 102 * 1 is used on the counter. When the 1 output terminal of the eleventh flip-flop is low and the 0 output terminal of the twelfth flip-flop is low, the output terminal of gate 66A will be high and current through the ignition filament Uö via output amplifiers 66B and 66C See Betonatorladunc 38 and actuate the detonator after a finite time interval which is a function of time and current.

After the projectile accelerates out of the weapon and the battery is activated, the battery takes a finite amount of time to reach its full output voltage. When there is sufficient voltage to operate the flip-flops is reached, each of the flip-flops can either be one Assume switching state in which its 1 connection is high and its 0 terminal is low or the 1 terminal is low and the 0 terminal is high. If the auto reset circuit is not in place, the detonator fuse will 40 will start drawing current when the 1 output of the eleventh flip-flop happens to be low and the 0 terminal of the twelfth flip-flop is low. The detonation would

otherwise occur after a certain period of time. Less disastrous but it is also not desired that the Counter assumes a count that is too low when one of the flip-flops assumes the state in which its 1 output is high is.

The automatic reset circuit 68 forces each of the counter's flip-flops to be in a low output state when the igniter is initially powered up by the power supply from the battery 30. This reset occurs in less than ί microseconds and this prevents the detonator from being triggered prematurely. The reset flip-flop 70 * the reset NOR gate 72 and the drive transistor 74 for the reset, which is of the PHP type and is connected in common emitter, are used to configure the reset circuit as a feedback loop (race loop). As can be seen from FIG. 5, the reset flip-flop 70 can be constructed in the form of two NOR gates 80 and 82. The 1 output terminal Sk of the gate 82 is coupled to one of the input terminals 86 of the gate 80, the other input terminal 88 of which serves as a pulse input terminal. The 0 output terminal 90 of the gate 80 is connected to one of the input terminals 92 of the gate 82, the other input terminal 94 of which serves as a reset input terminal. The O output terminal of the flip-flop 70 is connected to an input terminal 95 of the NÖR- £ atters, the other input terminal 96 of which is connected to Hasse. The output terminal 93 of the gate is connected to the base of the driver transistor 74. The emitter of the driver transistor 74 is connected to the supply voltage and the collector is connected to the reset bus 100. The NOR gate 72 results in the longest delay in the circuit, ie the slowest transmission from an input signal to an output signal and the driver transistor results in the smallest delay «

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The operation of the reset circuit can be in three phases be divided. Phase I contains the time interval during which the battery power increases. Phase II contains the interval after the reset and before the arrival of the first transmitter pulse. Phase III contains the Process when the first transmitter pulse arrives.

Phase I will be considered first. The 0 output terminal of the reset flip-flop 70 may initially be either high or low. Assume that the O output terminal 90 is high. Then, initially and in the steady state, the output terminal 98 of the NOR gate is low. The base electrode is initially low and steady-state and the driver transistor carries current initially and steady-state, so the reset bus 100 is high initially and steady-state. The high signal on reset bus 100 resets all of the counter's flip-flops. The high reset signal on input terminal 94 also results in a low signal on output terminal Sk and therefore a low signal on input terminal 86, thereby holding output terminal 90 high. It is now

the
assume that the / O output terminal is low. Then the output terminal 98 of the NOR gate is initially low and, because of the long transmission delay, the base electrode is initially low and the driver transistor Ik is initially carrying current, so that the reset bus 100 is initially high. The original high signal on reset bus 100 resets all of the counter's flip-flops and also resets the reset flip-flop. After the long transmission period, the output terminal 98 of the NOR gate goes high. This makes the base electrode high and turns off the drive transistor 7k so that the reset bus line 100 goes low. However, the reset flip-flop is already reset so its O output terminal is now high and as before

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described, the driver transistor carries current and * the reset alarm line gets high again. Therefore, in phase II, the 0 output terminal of the reset flip-flop is high, the Output terminal 98 of the NOR gate is low, the driver transistor 74 carries power and the reset manifold 100 is high. Likewise, the 1 output terminal 8Ί of the reset flip-flop is low.

When the first Senderirnpuls arrives in phase III, v / ill he ^{ζ ί} coupled to the input terminal 9, so that the O-Ausgängsanschluß 90 occupies the low switching state. However, the transmitter pulse is such that its pulse width is greater than the transmission delay of the MOR gate 72. Therefore, the driver transistor Ik ceases to carry current when the output terminal 98 of the NOR gate goes high. This places the reset bus 100 low and the O output terminal remains low. The reset bus 100 remains low and the counter is able to count subsequent transmitter pulses without resetting.

The reset circuit has the following advantages:

1. The priorities and operating speeds are sufficient to prevent accidental detonation.

2. The circuit is independent of the rise characteristic of the! Jet ζ supply.

3. The circuit can easily be installed in the projectile must be checked, since the mode of operation only depends on the presence of a voltage, giving way to an unintentional one Could produce detonation.

Fig. 6 shows the details of the variable pulse repetition rate of the radar transmitter. It shows the required change

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rune in the pulse train frequency, which is required for the detonation of a detonator charge depending on the target distance with a counter capacity of 1O2'4, ie 2 pulses. The pulse repetition frequency fluctuates between 10,000 pulses per second at a distance of 100 m to 200 pulses per second at 2000 m. At 2000 la the resolution of the detonation of the sinner is ± 0.01 m. This assumes that there is a pulsed high frequency with a constant frequency. In this way, however, the radar system would normally be operated in burst mode. For single fires, the pulsed high frequency can be programmed in such a way that the follow-up frequency increases. quenzenz increases with the advancement of the projectile on the flight path and thereby nan receives a higher resolution in the maximum of the distance of the projectile.

As shown in Figure 7, a detonator according to the invention can be built into a booster missile projectile and can serve as a missile detonator assembly for in-flight detonation. The assembly 200 includes a muzzle plate 202, an inner plug 20 which carries a three-turn Vfendel antenna 2Q, which rests on a dielectric core 208, a detector assembly 210, and a canister 212. The canister 212 contains one tennis battery 21 ¹ I, the counter and reset circuit 216 _a, the trigger 218 for the detonation and the rocket detonator 220. The circuit is essentially identical to the circuit shown in Fig. H with the exception of the replacement of the slot antenna by a helical antenna.

Flip-flops for the counter and reset circuitry can be components 913J and the IIOR gate components 910 as described in the ^{May 1964 catalog of the M} Fairchild Semiconductor Division of Fairehild Camera and Instrument Corporation.

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Claims (1)

- 12 claims J weapon system, dadurchgeke η η I net that it comprises: a projectile (20) with a detonator (22), a receiving antenna (26), a high-frequency detector (60) with an output terminal and an input terminal connected to the receiving antenna, a Counter (64) with a fixed count, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the detector and which has an output terminal, and a circuit with an input terminal which is connected to the central output terminal, and a high-frequency pulse transmitter (I ¹ I) with a Transmitter antenna (..16), whereby the detonator (22) is set up so that it can receive and store pulses from the transmitter (Ik) and detonate when a preselected number of pulses occurs. 2. Weapon system according to claim 1> characterized in that it further contains a target tracking distance measuring device (10) for transmitting distance information to the high-frequency pulse transmitter (lh) and the transmitter is designed so that the pulse repetition frequency is reciprocally controllable for the distance of the target . 3. V / monkey system according to claim 1 or 2, dad u r c h marked ',. that there is still a Device for arming contains, which are so designed is that the ignition circuit up to the beginning of the flight path the projectile is secured. ¹ J. Waffensystea according to claim 1 or 2, characterized geke η η ζ η ei ch et, that the counter (64) _s a plurality of multi-equipped Schaltzuständ 009886/1576 '■' ■ ~ ¹³ '' ■ ^'■: ^ " Contains stages and furthermore a reset device (68) for automatically imposing a given Switching state in all stages. 5 »Weapon system according to claim 1 or 2, d ad u r c h g e k e η η show that the receiving antenna (26) mounted in the front part of the projectile (20) is and a maximum received power in the direction behind the projectile. 6. Weapon system according to claim 1 or 2, dad u r, c h ge ken η ζ ei c h η e t that the receiving antenna (206) on a middle core (208) of the rear Part of the projectile is arranged and a maximum Receiving power behind the projectile possesses. 7. Method of detonating a detonator in a projectile at a predetermined distance at; Flight direction, wherein the detonator has an antenna and a pulse counter which counts for a predetermined total number of pulses emits an output signal and a detonator, because d u r c h ge k e η η ζ e i c h η e t that on the detonator pulses at a pole frequency that is reciprocal the desired distance is sent and the Removal of the detonation controlled by the transmitter will. 009086/1576 Blank page