DE2032796C - Formwork machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a peeling machine provided with a rotatably mounted peeling vessel a cover that can be moved between an open and a closed position for letting in and out of the products to be peeled or peeled and with two shut-off valves for feeding and discharging a peeling agent to or from the peeling vessel, wherein a piston to be fed with a pressure medium Cylinder device for closing the lid is available and the peeling agent is only available when the

n (can be fed into the peeling vessel in a lid.

Such a peeling machine is known from German patent specification 1,234,690 and is above all by bulk consumers of potatoes and such products, e.g. B. in hospitals and the like 5 institutions. applied. In this known steam peeling machine, the steam forms during operation to release the shell from the product, at the same time the pressure medium with which the piston-cylinder device

is fed and by means of which the piston that Device is held in its end position corresponding to the closed position of the lid. The peeling steam is thereby over the cylinder of the piston-cylinder device fed to the peeling vessel and must pass through an opening in the cylinder wall, which opening only when the lid is closed by the piston of the device to let through released by steam. When opening the steam supply shut-off valve (after initially or at the same time the vapor discharge shut-off valve has been or is closed) that of the cylinder So supplied steam initially cause the piston and the lid connected to it in the Closing position are moved to it, when the opening in the cylinder wall comes free, into the peeling vessel pour in.

Opening the lid after the peeling process ° ·.,; RJ effected by a spring after the steam supply The valve has been closed and the steam discharge valve has been opened. The pen must be around hers To be able to perform a function reliably under all circumstances, overeating quite a lot being. However, this has the consequence that the spring Ceiling! wants to decrease at the end of the peeling process before all peeling steam through the discharge valve has been drained from the peeling vessel. so that over the too early opening lid under influence of the excess pressure still present in the peeling vessel, steam can escape to the outside, which is necessary for the operating personnel can be very dangerous.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a peeling machine of the type mentioned at the beginning to improve the operational safety, is guaranteed, especially after the operation has been carried out when opening the lid.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the piston-cylinder device is double-acting is formed and the two cylinder ends via a switching valve on one of the peeling means independent pressurizing means are connected, the supply valve for the peeling agent being self-closing Valve is designed and equipped for opening with a control cylinder, which over a control valve is connected to a control medium source and in the connection line between the Opening side of the piston-cylinder device and the switching valve depending on the pressure medium working valve is arranged.

In the peeling machine according to the invention, as in the known machine, it is ensured that the steam can only be supplied to the peeling vessel after the lid is closed. It is also the risk of steam escaping the peeling vessel over the lid at the end of the peeling process, as in the known peeling machine occurs, has been avoided by feeding the designed as a double-acting piston-cylinder device Operating cylinder of the cover in the sense of an opening movement via the valve present in the connecting line to the switching valve is made possible after the pressure in the peeling vessel to a predetermined value, e.g. atmospheric Pressure, has fallen. This operational reliability has been achieved thanks to the double-acting training the operating cylinder and the use of a separate pressure medium to feed that cylinder.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the operating cylinder is for closing the supply shut-off valve Via the associated control valve on the same pressure medium source as the double-acting

s piston-cylinder device connected, namely via the connection point of the switching valve, on which the closing side of the piston-cylinder device is connected, the discharge shut-off valve door the peeling agent as a self-closing valve

ίο is designed and with an operating cylinder is equipped for opening, which is connected to a line that is connected to the connecting line between the opening side of the piston-cylinder device and the switching valve in one upstream comes together from the point lying in that connecting line.

In a preferred embodiment, the valve body of the control valve is the pressure in a connecting line with the opening side of the piston cylinder device exposed, wc ',; i in the connection point of this line a check valve is arranged. that in the closed position of the lid of the KoI ben is opened.

In a further embodiment of the invention, this is

Valve in the connection line between the opening side the piston-cylinder device and the switching valve formed by a slide, which in the one end position corresponding to the minimum value of the pressure in the peeling vessel is the connecting pieces processing section between the opening side of the piston-cylinder device and the valve with a Ventilation port connects and in the other, the pressure values exceeding the minimum value corresponding end position the upstream and downstream

3i downstream sections of said connecting line connects directly with each other.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the slide is controlled with the aid of an electromagnet, in its excitation circuit one of the named

-to minimum value corresponding contact has been made by the display element of a connected to the vessel Pressure gauge can be closed.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention the pressure gauge is provided with a second contact, which is activated by the indicator when it is reached of a certain working pressure above the minimum value is closed and that in the excitation circuit of the drive motor of the rotatable vessel is added.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawings using an exemplary embodiment. It shows:

F i g. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the peeling machine;

s F i g. 2 shows a section through that in the feed line control valve arranged in the operating cylinder of the supply valve;

F i g. 3 shows a section through the valve in the connecting line between the opening side of the double-acting Piston-cylinder device and the switching valve;

Fig. 4 is the electrical diagram of the pressure sensitive device that controls the valve in the opening control line the piston-cylinder device bctä-

(.5 tigt;

F i g. 5 shows a section through the switching valve shown schematically, which is connected between the connecting lines and the pressure source, and

6 shows a section through that which is turned away from the Deekel End of the piston cylinder device on a slightly enlarged scale.

The peeling machine is provided with a peeling vessel I which is rotatably supported by the hollow shafts 2 and 3 in the bearings 4 and 5. The loading and unloading funnel 7 is connected to the loading and unloading connection 6 of the vessel I by means of a flange connection 8. Between the flanges 8 of the nozzle 6 and the funnel 7, a seat ring 9 is clamped, which works together with the cover 10, which can close the loading and unloading opening 11 of the vessel I. The cover 10 is of the outward-closing type and is attached to the rod 12 of the piston 13 which is guided to move back and forth in the cylinder 14 of the double-acting piston cylinder device A. which device is attached with its outer end at 15 in a spherical shape to a spoke piece 16 in the mouth of the funnel 7. On the cover 10, a guide rod 17 is also coaxially attached to ße / jg on the piston rod 12, which guide rod is slidably guided in a Fülirungsbuchse 18 ge. that side of the vessel 1 facing away from the funnel 7 is sealingly mounted and removably mounted in the vessel 1 by means of a flange connection 19. The hollow shaft 2 is rotatable at 20 and leak-tight with the stationary supply line 21 for the peeling agent. / .. B. Steam, coupled, the steam supply shut-off valve 22 is angcurd net in a soft line. The shut-off valve 22 is gifted with a Beclie voltage cylinder B , the piston 23 of which is loaded by a spring 24 in the closing direction of the valve body, not shown, and can be moved in the opposite direction to open that valve body by a pressure medium to be introduced at 25.

Similarly, the hollow shaft 3 is rotatable at 26 bar and leak-tight with the stationary discharge line 27 coupled for the peeling agent, in which discharge line the steam release shut-off valve 28 is arranged is. The shut-off valve 28 is provided with an operating / ylinder C, the piston 29 of which is supported by a spring 30 is loaded in the closing direction of the valve body, not shown in detail, and by an at 31 to be supplied pressure medium are moved in the opposite direction to open that valve body can.

The closing side, that is, the lid 10 moves returned side of the cylinder of the piston-cylinder device A is connected to the one outlet port 36 of the illustrated schematically via lines 32 and 33rd z. B. electromagnetically operated switching valve 34, whose outlet port 35 is connected to the pressure-Tnittelquelle 38 and whose second outlet port 37 on the one hand, via the connecting line 39 at 31 on the operating cylinder C of the vapor relief valve 28 is connected and on the other hand, via the connecting lines 40 and 41. at 42 on the opening side ie the side of the piston-cylinder device A facing away from the cover 10 is connected. In the connecting line 40, a valve D is arranged, the effect of which will be described in more detail below. The first-mentioned outlet port 36 of the switching valve 34 is further via a connecting line 43 at 25 on the operating cylinder B of the vapor discharge shut-off valve! 22 connected. In the connecting line 43 is a control valve / ·. ' arranged., whose function will be explained in more detail below when describing the action of the peeling machine. The valve /·.' is connected via connecting lines 47 and 48 at 49 on the outlet side of the piston-cylinder device .1.

The line 41 is downstream of the steam supply shut-off valve 22 with a pressure gauge 44 indicating the pressure in the vessel 1 in connec tion, whose indicator 45 cooperates with a number of contacts in the manner to be described in more detail below with reference to the diagram from FIG. 4, which belong to an electrical exciter circuit for the valve D or to a relay for switching the Hlcktroniotors (not shown) back and forth, which can set the vessel I in rotation via the gear 46 sitting on the shaft 3 and a translation (not shown). The stationary sections 33 or 40 or 47 and the sections 32 or 41 or 48 of the connecting lines 32, 33 or 40, 41 or 47, 48 ′ are connected to one another by means of a special coupling 50 , which coupling consists of a disk 51 which is fixedly arranged on the shaft 2 and is thus in the middle with the vessel, and a stationary disk 52 which is rotatable with respect to the shaft 2 for the purpose. Between the disks 51 and 52, three annular connecting spaces 54, which are separated from one another by sealing rings 53 and are arranged concentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the device, are formed each through a channel 55 in the disk 52 with a stationary line section 33 or 40 or 47 are in communication and via a corresponding channel 56 in the disc 51 with a movable line section 32 and 41 and 48 are connected. Two bearing rings 57 ensure the desired accuracy of the relative rotational movement of the two disks 51 and 52.

The machine works as follows:

It is assumed that the game provides ver in Ausführuügsbei as a spool valve body 58 of the changeover switch 34 running straight in the gezeichnr 'i location is. For example, as a result of the excitation. ^ an electromagnet 59 by operating an electrical switch, not shown in detail (see a detail F in Fig. 5). In this position of the switching valve 34, the closing side of the piston-cylinder is orrich device A via the connecting lines 32, 33. the gate 36, the channel 60 through the valve body 58 and the gate 35 to the z. ß. by compressed air of 6 atm. formed DruckmittelqueHe 38 connected. At the same time, the opening side of the device I is vented via the lines 41 and 40, the valve D. the gate 37 and the venting channel 62 in the Ventilkör by 58 of the switching valve 34. In dieserr initial stage D, the valve assumes the position shown in FIG. 1. in which the channel 65 in the valve body 64 performed ah slide the upstream and downstream portions Windwärts de; Connecting channel 40 connects to one another. The valve body 64 is held in this position by electromagnet 68, whose excitation circuit (see there: diagram in FIG. 4) is closed via the auxiliary relay as long as the pressure in vessel 1 is a certain low value. z. B. 1 atm. and the indicator 4 'of the pressure gauge 44 has the contact 70 belonging to that low pressure value in the circuit of the auxiliary relay

69 keeps closed. The cover IO is thereby moved from its position indicated by dashed lines into the closed position shown with full lines. At the end of the relevant closing stroke of piston 1? this piston operates a in the connection between the opening cords of the device A and the control valve /; present, normally closed by a spring 72 valve 71. This is the line 47, 48, which was subjected to a pressure up to that moment. vented via the connection point 42 ι and the lines 40 and 41 through the gate 37. As a result, the pressure on the widened end of the valve body 73 of the valve / "(see FIG. 2), which is designed as a slide, falls away, whereby this valve body can move from its position indicated in the drawing to the right, namely under the influence of the pressure which is vented while still time on the right end of the valve body 73 tung channel 63rd result, the pressure falls on the opening side of the piston 23 of the operating cylinder B of the check valve 22 off and this shut-off valve 22 is closed and the steam supply to the vessel I At the same time, compressed air is supplied to the opening side of the piston 29 of the operating cylinder C of the steam ablal.i shut-off valve 28, whereby this valve opens so that the exhaust steam can escape from the vessel 1 via this valve In the vessel 1 by opening the valve 28, the contact 75 of the pressure gauge 44 is opened by the returning indicator 45 , whereby the relay 76 opens. The engine is, however, e.g. B. via a holding contact and under the control of a timer, continue to rotate for some time. In the meantime, the lid 10 remains closed during the discharge of the exhaust steam, on the one hand by the in

some -. * .. »

acts as a result of the delayed ventilation on that side

of the valve body via the throttle channel 74 in that> n the closing direction, still in the vessel I.

VentUköroer The connection between the sections of pressure and, on the other hand, together

th 43 'and 43 "of the line 43 and thus the connection with the fact that the valve body 64 the opening

dune between the opening side of the operating cylinder side of device A still from the compressed air source:

DERS B of the shut-off valve 22 and the pressure medium 38 keeps separate. Only after the pressure in the slope

duels 38 up to this point through the: < I to a safe, low value, e.g. in

τ ', I I,. * IaWt trtfrJoP

Valve body 73 was interrupted, is now due to the n-ch "shifting to the right" of valve body 73 came about so that the piston 23 now by means of the compressed air supplied at 25

• '- - -: -J 1 Y ""

the height of 1 atm., has sunk and thus no more steam can leak through the opening lid is chen, the contact 70 of the pressure gauge 44 is ge from the returning indicator 44 again

liie'VirkunE the spring "24" is shifted and the w closed, so that the solenoid 68 is energized. Steam supply shut-off valve 22 is opened. The valve body 64 and the valve body 64 in the Fig. 3 attached to the Dec

Fig.

given position is drawn, in which position the downstream section of the connecting line, 40 with the now pressurized upstream section of that line in connection dung stands. At the same time the connection to the vent line 67 is interrupted.

It is only at this moment that the piston-cylinder device A pulls compressed air at 42

Steam can now, after the cover 10 has been reliably closed, into the
Enter vessel 1. The steam drain shut-off valve
28 had already been closed by the
The opening side of the piston 29 of the control cylinder C of that valve is already via the line 39
vented through the gate 37 of the switching valve * 34
had been and the valve body of that shut-off Π ako had been closed by the spring 30. -to leads and the lid 10 is opened so that the ^ nHaH rlpr DamDfdruck in the vessel 1 the desired peeled products, such as potatoes, from which still

As soon as the uampicruc * ^ _: "i, ₍ u" can detach the rotating vessel 1. Then

the jar comes through a limit switch in a to accommodate a new amount of car the relay 76 π toffeln appropriate position to the level.

When compressed air is supplied to the opening side of the piston-cylinder device A , the connecting line 47, 48 to the control valve E is once again acted upon via the valve 71 which opens in the process, where-

Tst and "of the valve body through the valve body 73 of that valve immediately again B ~ under spring pressure, from which it is put into the position indicated in FIG no compressed air can be supplied to the opening side of the operating cylinder B if the switching valve 34 is operated at any point in time during the opening of the cover or afterwards. Protected in the peeling machine against steam when the lid is open.

tungsieuung ο / s _vnrhcstinunt peeling time is Wed This steam supply is only possible after unloading After the Ablaut g voro "_ ^ _n ^ _ρ ^ _ρ ^ _{η tion of!} ^" g _{47j 4, which} vent groove

can be effected by the piston 30 after

As soon as the vapor pressure is in the Ge th value, e.g. at the height of 7 Atm. has reached, the drive motor is switched on by the indicator 45 of the pressure gauge 44 at that pressure value the contact 75 closes, whereby the relay 76 Se Fig. 4) is attracted, and the excitation circuit de Motofs is closed. In the meantime, while you are the increase in pressure in the vessel 1 the contact

S TTd valve body

_{to link}

Ventilation connection _and downstream lying

magnets ^^ _{B under F} per 04 aes ve 'n L shifted _{to the left}

in Ng. angg vent connection

has been. ^ _{and st}

between the ^stro ™ ^u f £ i £ _d _ _line 40 over the sections of the N. ^. ndungs e tung ^

Channel interrupted. ^& «= ™ 5 ™ * £« come, and final ventilation combustion to Sund g _r ^ ^ ^

via the duct 66 in the ventilation duct _{67. ü ten Schä}

f dei ' ^v ? "? * _that ^ ₆ gate

the changeover valve J4 ^Demc " ¹ '

^mc " ¹ '. _def back air source

of the same via the ^ anaj "» · _ _b ^ _{n Ent] üf} . _{the Dec} | cel io is again in the closed position

38 is connected unü aie none y «

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. Peeling machine equipped with a. rotatably mounted peeling vessel with a movable lid between an open and a closed position for letting in and out the products to be peeled or peeled and with two shut-off valves for supplying or discharging a peeling agent to or from the peeling vessel, one of which is closed with a pressure medium feeding piston-cylinder device is available for closing the lid and the peeling agent can only be fed into the peeling vessel when the lid is closed, characterized in that the piston-cylinder device (A) is double-acting and the two cylinder ends are connected to one via a switching valve (34) pressure medium source (38) independent of the peeling means are connected, whereby .'as supply valve (22) for the peeling means is designed as an independent valve and is equipped with an operating cylinder (B) for opening. which is connected to a control medium source (38) via a control valve (E). and in the connecting line (40, 41) between the opening side of the piston-cylinder device (A) and the switchover valve (34), a valve (D) operating as a function of the pressure medium is arranged. 2. Peeling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that c '^ i operating cylinder (S) for closing the supply shut-off valve * (22) via the associated control valve (E) to the same pressure medium source (38) as the double-acting piston Cylinder device (A) is connected. namely via the connection point (36) of the switching valve (34), to which the closing side of the KoI ben cylinder device (A) is connected. wherein the discharge shut-off valve (28) for the Sjhälmittel is designed as a self-closing valve and is equipped with an operating cylinder (C) / to open, which is connected to a line (39) which is connected to the connecting line (40, 41) between the opening side the piston-cylinder device (A) and the switching valve (34) come together in a point upstream of the valve (D) present in that connecting line. 3. Peeling machine according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve body (73) of the control valve (E) is exposed to the pressure in a connecting line (47, 48) with the opening side of the piston-cylinder device (A), wherein in A check valve (71) is arranged at the connection point (49) of this line and is opened by the piston (13) in the closed position of the cover (10). 4. Peeling machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the valve (D) in the connecting line (40, 41) between the opening side of the piston-cylinder device (A) and the switching valve (34) by a slide (64) is formed, which in the one end position corresponding to the minimum value of the pressure in the bottom vessel (1) the connecting line section (40, 41) between the opening side of the Kol'oen cylinder device (A) and the valve (D) with a vent (67) connects, and in the other end position corresponding to the pressure values exceeding the minimum value, connects the upstream and downstream sections of said connecting line (40, 41) directly to one another.
', 5. Peeling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that that the slide (64) is controlled with the aid of an electromagnet (68) in its excitation circuit a contact (70) corresponding to said minimum value has been received by the display element (45) of a pressure gauge (44) connected to the vessel (1) can be closed can. 6. peeling machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the with the π piston-cylinder device (A) connected with the vessel (1) movable sections (32, 41 and 48) and with the stationary switching valve (34), the steam supply shut-off valve (22). the control valve (E) and the valve _H) (D) connected stationary sections (33, 40, 47) are connected to one another by means of a coupling (50), which consist of a disk (51) and tiner fixedly mounted on the shaft (2) of the device (1) with this cooperating stationary disc (52), between which a number of ge separated by sealing rings (53) annular, concentric with respect to the axis of rotation of the vessel (1) lying Ver connection spaces (54) are formed, each by a channel (55) in the one disc (51) in communication with a stationary line section stand and via a corresponding channel (56) in the second disc (52) with a movable Line section are connected. 7. peeling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the pressure gauge (44) with a second contact (75) is provided. determined by the display element (45) when reaching sines, above the minimum working pressure is closed and that in the excitation circuit the drive motor of the rotatable vessel (1) is added.