DE202021103591U1 - Reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom - Google Patents

Abstract

Reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom, characterized in that
a replacement layer is attached to the underside of the riverbed in order to flatten the underside of the riverbed after dredging on the underside of the riverbed,
on the underside of an existing retaining wall (2) on both sides of a waterway, located on the top of a replacement layer (1), a channel (21) is provided within the existing retaining wall (2),
a gravel layer (3) is arranged above the replacement layer (1), watertight plates (4) are installed on both sides of existing retaining walls (2), the inner wall of the channel (21) on top of the gravel layer (3) and the gravel layer ( 3) lies in the channel (21),
Furthermore, a steel grating (5) is paved on the gravel layer (3) and both ends of the steel grating (5) protrude into the channel (21) provided on the bottom of the retaining wall (2), and
a river bed top-side consolidation layer (6) is formed by pouring concrete onto the steel mesh (5).

Description

Technical area

The present utility model relates to a reinforcement structure / reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom and is particularly suitable for the reinforcement of a shallow buried tunnel that crosses under a river bed top, which falls within the field of construction.

State of the art

Currently, the bottom of the river bed is strong in relation to a shallowly buried floor of an underground tunnel that crosses a waterway in China due to the unfavorable geology of the section and the heavy silting of the top of the river bed year after year, together with the constant scouring by domestic sewage and industrial sewage corroded. In addition, the distance between the passage under the tunnel and the surface of the river bed is smaller, so that the construction is quite difficult. Risks such as seepage water in the river bed, tunnel collapse and subsidence may arise during construction work. To reduce the risks involved in tunneling, China has advanced methods of: (1) strengthening the top of the river bed and improving the slope of the surrounding rock with a mud injection method; (2) diversion of the waterway to avoid disruption to construction; (3) Redirecting the river water with a large-caliber lightweight pipe. These methods can only reduce the risk of water leakage during tunnel construction, but cannot improve the safety and reliability of tunnel construction.

Summary of the utility model

The present utility model provides a reinforcement structure for a shallowly dug underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom in order to solve problems, namely great risks and difficulties in building a shallowly buried underground tunnel that crosses a waterway, influences of seepage water from a river bed bottom on the tunnel construction, possible tunnel collapse and the like.

To achieve the above object, such a reinforcement structure is adopted for a shallowly buried underground tunnel top and a river bed bottom. In this structure, after the underside of the river bed has been dredged, a replacement layer is applied to the underside of the river bed in order to flatten the underside of the river bed. A gutter will be provided within the existing containment wall at the bottom of an existing containment wall on either side of the river that is on top of the replacement layer. A layer of crushed stone is applied over the replacement layer. Waterproof slabs are paved on the existing walls attached on both sides, the inner wall of the top of the gravel layer and the gravel layer in the gutter. A steel net is also installed on the gravel layer, both ends of which extend into a groove provided on both sides of the bottom of an existing retaining wall. The steel mesh is formed by pouring a concrete to form a river bed top layer.

In the foregoing river bed bottom reinforcement structure, the waterproof plate applied on the gravel layer extends 0.5 m into the inside of the river.

In the previous river bed reinforcement structure, a water retention wall is built in the middle of the river along the direction of flow of the water in order to facilitate the subsequent consolidation of the river bed.

In the above river bed reinforcement structure, the gravel layer has gravel with a grain size of 2-3 cm and a thickness of 8-15 cm after installation and compaction.

In the foregoing river bed bottom reinforcement structure, the groove is a rectangular groove with a depth of 15-30 cm and a height of 25-40 cm. The lower part of the groove is flush with the upper end of a replacement layer and the upper part of the groove is flush with the upper end surface of the river bed top consolidation layer.

Compared to conventional positioning methods, the present utility model changes the geological structure of a river bed surface in such a way that normal river water flows over the surface of the concrete structure. Anti-seepage treatment is carried out on the water retention walls on both the left and right sides of the river, reducing the likelihood of water seepage from the top of the tunnel and eliminating risks such as tunnel collapse and mud breakage and water ingress. The present utility model is characterized by a stable structure, low production costs, a strong ability to implement on site, a high level of construction security and good applicability and promotion in similar shallow dug underground tunnels that cross existing rivers.

Figure list

• 1 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the paved river course of the present utility model.
• 2 Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the waterproof panel on the bottom of an existing containment wall.
• 3 is a schematic representation of the structure of a steel mesh.

Embodiments

In order to make the subject matter, the technical solutions and the advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model is explained in detail below by combining the figures. It should be understood that the embodiments described here were used only to explain the present utility model and not to define the present utility model.

Examples

With reference to the 1 until 3 denoted the reference number 8th a secondary tunnel liner, reference number 9 a first tunnel support and the reference number 10 surrounding rock. The examples presented a reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed top. In this structure, a replacement layer was used after the top of the river bed was dredged 1 built in on the top of the river bed to flatten the top of the river bed. On top of the replacement layer 1 was attached to the underside of an existing retention wall / water retention wall 2 a channel / groove on both sides of the river 21 within the existing retaining wall 2 appropriate. The gutter 21 was a rectangular gutter with a depth of 15-30 cm and a height of 25-40 cm. The lower part of the gutter 21 closed flush with the top of the replacement layer 1 away. Over the replacement layer 1 became a crushed stone / gravel layer 3 built-in. The one in the gravel layer 3 The gravel used had a grain size of 2-3 cm and, after installation and compaction, were 8-15 cm thick. On the existing walls attached on both sides 2 , the inner wall of the gutter 21 on top of the gravel layer 3 and the layer of gravel 3 in the gutter 21 sealing plates (waterproof plates) 4 were paved in. The one on the gravel layer 3 attached waterproof plate 4th Reached 0.5 m into the interior of the river. On the gravel layer 3 became a steel grid / steel net 5 laid with both ends in a groove on both sides 21 at the bottom of the existing retaining wall 2 sticked out. The steel net 5 became a river bed bottom consolidation layer by pouring a concrete 6th shaped. The upper face of the river bed underside consolidation layer 6th lay flush with the top of the groove 21 or was higher than the top of the groove 21 .

The construction process was as follows:

Arrangement of a water retaining wall closed on one side

Sandbags were used along the direction of flow of the river and at the center line of the river and at a distance of 10 m from the tunnel ceiling upstream and downstream to form a closed loop consisting of three sandbag surfaces and an existing retaining wall 2 insisted on one side.

All the river water was pumped into a closed area with a pump;

A channel 0.5 m deep and 0.3 m wide was dug along the inside of a sandbag area. In addition, a water retention wall / water protection wall was built along the channel 7th Erected to a height of 1 m and formed by pouring C20 concrete at one time. The length of the water retention wall formed by pouring 7th was 5 m.

After the water protection wall 7th with the retaining wall on one side 2 closed, all sandbags were removed to prevent them from being washed away by the river water and thereby affecting the flow in the downstream channel.

Dredging and consolidation at the bottom of the one-sided river bed

A small excavator was used to move to the inside of the water retention wall 7th transported and lifted, and all of the sludge at the bottom of the river channel was cleared and transported by cinder wagon to a designated overburden site. Later the floor was paved flat to create a replacement layer 1 to form that has been filled with mud or sand.

At the bottom of the existing retaining wall 2 and perpendicular to the existing retaining wall 2 became a gutter 21 excavated with a depth of 20 cm and a height of 30 cm, into which a waterproof plate 4th was introduced.

Gravel with a grain diameter of 2-3 cm was used. On the underside of the river bed, a layer of gravel was created on this side 3 installed with a thickness of 10 cm, which was compacted with an excavator.

On the gravel layer 3 became a steel net 5 placed.

On the inside wall of the gutter 21 above the gravel layer 3 and on the side wall of the existing retaining wall 2 above the gutter 21 became waterproof panels 4th built-in. The lower waterproof plate 4th was on the gravel layer 3 paved and protruded 0.5 m from the gutter. The top of the waterproof panel 4th that is on the side wall of the existing retaining wall 2 paved was flush with the top of the water retention wall 7th away.

The steel grille 5 became a river bed bottom consolidation layer by pouring the C20 concrete 6th molded with a thickness of 20 cm. The pouring was done every five minutes.

Arrangement of a closed water retention wall on the other side

When the requirements for the water circulation on the one-sided hardened river stretch were met, the water retention walls were installed 7th upstream and downstream in the direction perpendicular to the river flow and hardened the ends upstream and downstream of the river path on the other side. The water retention wall was made with sandbags 7th in the middle and the existing retaining wall 2 on the other side enclosed with a closed loop.

Dredging and consolidating the underside of the river bed on the other side

The bottom of the river bed on the other side was made according to the construction in step 2 ) dredged and solidified, and the replacement layers 1 , the layers of gravel 3 and the river bed bottom consolidation layers 6th on both sides were flush with each other.

Removing a water dam

Sandbags inside the fence on the other side as well as the water retention wall 7th in the middle were removed so that the water surface was normal.

The above explanations only served to implement better examples of the present utility model, not to restrict the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the scope of the spirit and principles of this utility model are included in the scope of protection of this utility model.

The present utility model relates to a reinforcement structure for the top of a shallow dredged underground excavation tunnel and a river bed underside. In this structure, after the underside of the riverbed has been dredged, a replacement layer is applied to the underside of the riverbed in order to flatten the underside of the riverbed. At the bottom of an existing containment wall on either side of the river that is on top of the replacement layer, a gutter will be made within the existing containment wall. A layer of gravel is placed over the replacement layer. Sealing plates are paved on existing walls attached on both sides, the top of the gravel layer and the gravel layer in the groove. A steel net is also paved on the gravel layer, both ends of the steel net extending into a groove provided on both sides of the bottom of an existing retaining wall. The present utility model intends to solve problems, namely great risks and difficulties in the construction of an underground excavation tunnel that crosses a waterway, influences of seepage water from a river bed underside on the tunnel construction, possible tunnel collapse and the like, which are related to the field of construction.

Claims (4)

Reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom, characterized in that a replacement layer is attached to the bottom of the river bed in order to flatten the bottom of the river bed after dredging on the bottom of the river bed, on the bottom of an existing retaining wall (2) on both sides of a waterway located on the top of a replacement layer (1), a channel (21) is provided within the existing retaining wall (2), a layer of gravel (3) is arranged above the replacement layer (1), on both sides of existing retaining walls (2) watertight panels ( 4) are installed, with the inner wall of the channel (21) on the top of the gravel layer (3) and the gravel layer (3) in the channel (21), furthermore a steel grid (5) is paved on the gravel layer (3) and both ends of the steel grid (5) protrude into the channel (21) provided on the bottom of the retaining wall (2), u nd a river bed top-side consolidation layer (6) is formed by pouring concrete onto the steel mesh (5). Reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom after Claim 1 , characterized in that a water retention plate (4) attached to the gravel layer (3) extends 0.5 m into the interior of the waterway. Reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom after Claim 1 , characterized in that the gravel layer (3) has gravel with a grain size of 2-3 cm and after installation and compaction has a thickness of 8-15 cm. Reinforcement structure for a shallowly buried underground excavation tunnel top and a river bed bottom after Claim 1 characterized in that: the channel (21) is a rectangular groove with a depth of 15-30 cm and a height of 25-40 cm; the lower part of the gutter (21) is flush with the upper end of the substitute layer (1), and the upper part of the gutter (21) is flush with the upper end surface of the river bed top consolidation layer (6).

Images