DE202021102446U1 - Building in modular design - Google Patents

Abstract

Modular multi-purpose building (10) with several utility levels (11) comprising a configurable assembly of at least partially prefabricated building modules (12), wherein
- one or more usable levels (11) in each upper floor (OG) form a living and/or office level (22),
- a working level (11) in the attic (DG) forms a roof level (23),
- the building (10) comprises a connection module (13) which connects two or more utility levels (11) to one another,
- one or more useful planes (11) can be configured in a configuration grid (30) from rectangular base area units (110, 111, 112) with predetermined edge lengths (a, b) and
- the building modules (12) and/or the connecting module (13) are formed at least partially from basic modules (120), which take up a predetermined number of base area units (110, 111, 112) and can be transported prefabricated, characterized in that
- A working level (11) on the ground floor (EG) forms a storage level (21).

Description

The invention is in the field of construction, in particular the construction of buildings in modular construction.

Typically, buildings are constructed at the construction site site by a construction company from a variety of building materials (e.g., concrete, brick, steel, wood, plastics, or composites) using a suitable construction method.

As an alternative to an individual construction on site, there are also prefabricated structures that are prefabricated in parts and transported to the construction site and assembled there.

Also known are modular buildings for specific purposes such as simple temporary container buildings for residential or office units on construction sites or in the military sector.

Various approaches to the modular construction of buildings are known from the prior art. DE 196 23 049 A1 discloses a modular design for buildings that are inexpensive to produce with one or more building modules and connection modules with prefabricated supply facilities (eg sanitary facilities). The modules are prefabricated with supply lines. At least one connection module is arranged between two basic modules with residential and/or supply facilities as a central access option over several floors. The building can include roof modules with different functional options, eg for roof greening or energy supply. In addition, the building may include a basement with basement modules. A combinable construction of concrete and wood is also proposed.

DE 197 33 311 A1 discloses a building made up of several prefabricated modules for living or working purposes. The building can consist of several floors, each with several prefabricated modules. The width of the modules should be less than 2.50 m. The finished modules are transportable. Several ready-made modules can be combined to form a usage module. The prefabricated modules can include prefabricated kitchens or sanitary facilities. Purpose of the invention is a favorable manufacturability and transportability with high autonomy of supply networks (eg electricity and water) in developing countries. In particular, a modular hospital should be made possible. The solution disclosed here sees it as essential that, in addition to the prefabricated modules, an additional part of the building is provided which is not built from prefabricated modules. The building should always be fully covered. The entire infrastructure for the building, ie the entire energy supply and water supply as well as water disposal, is housed in the finished modules.

DE 100 11 357 A1 discloses a prefabricated energy module that can be built over the basement of a residential building and system components for energy generation and water supply.

Previously known modular designs are limited in their flexibility for different uses. The use of sea containers as building modules proves to be advantageous for transport, but is cost-intensive for use in larger buildings and multi-purpose buildings.

The previous construction methods have the disadvantage that the costs for an energy-efficient construction method are constantly increasing. In addition, the planning effort for buildings increases due to additional requirements, which also increases costs. Individual requirements for the intended use of a building must be taken into account in the planning in each individual case.

The object of the present invention is to show a design that can be adapted to different customer requirements in a cost-effective and flexible manner. In addition, the building should be designed to be space- and energy-efficient. The invention solves the problem with the features of the main claim.

The construction according to the invention relates to a modular multi-purpose building with several usable levels. A usable level can be designed as a storage level, residential and/or office level or as a usable roof level. The working levels are at least partially made up of building modules. The building modules advantageously consist of at least partially prefabricated basic modules that can be transported individually and assembled into a building module. The building modules can in turn be combined to form a usable level.

A first level is located on the ground floor as a storage level. A storage level can be used for both commercial and private storage purposes. A storage level can in particular also be used as a parking area for vehicles. The term camp includes the parking of vehicles.

One or more additional usable levels are designed as living and/or office levels on the upper floors above the storage level. A working level can be used as a pure living level, as a pure Office level or as a combined living and office level.

Another usable level is formed in the attic by a usable roof level. The usability of the roof level by building and/or greening is particularly advantageous for efficient use of space and can preferably be used as a compensation area to comply with building regulations.

The building also includes a connection module that connects two or more utility levels. Advantageously, the connection module comprises a staircase, an elevator and a service shaft. The connection module preferably serves both as an access connection and as a supply connection. The connection module can be designed as a building module, in particular from a number of basic modules, and/or as a classic structure.

One or more utility levels are built up in a configuration grid of rectangular base area units. The base surface units have one or more predetermined edge lengths. The configuration grid forms a grid with a limited number of repeating base surfaces of a predetermined type. The configuration grid is preferably built up from one, two or more base surface types. A base surface of a certain type has a predetermined geometry with one or two predetermined edge lengths.

A selection of building modules can be flexibly arranged within the configuration grid. Building modules of different sizes and/or differently equipped can be combined and/or connected depending on the intended use of the usable level. The configurability of the building is preferably achieved by specifying one or more configuration grids, in particular by specifying the number and combinability of the base area types and/or by specifying a selection of building modules and/or connection modules.

The connection module is preferably integrated into the configuration grid. The connection module serves in particular as a central supply and access interface to the individual user levels and the building modules arranged therein.

The configuration grid reduces the complexity of the configuration variants, enables uniform interfaces and defines pre-producible units.

By appropriately specifying the base areas and their combinability, a high level of flexibility can be achieved with a high level of uniformity and area utilization at the same time. The combination of flexible design of the building, which can be adapted to the respective customer needs, with low construction costs thanks to predefined modules is a particular advantage compared to previous construction methods.

The building modules are at least partially composed of one or more basic modules. A basic module forms a structural unit that can advantageously be prefabricated and transported in one piece. The basic module has a predetermined base area, which essentially corresponds to one or more (integer) base area units.

The modular multi-purpose building is constructed in a special modular design that includes two types of modules, namely first-level modules and second-level modules. The basic modules are modules of the first degree and form structural units that are easy to produce and transport. The building modules form modules of the second degree and form usable units with the necessary facilities for a specific purpose (e.g. sanitary facilities for residential purposes). The second-level modules (building modules, connection modules) can be composed of one or more first-level modules (basic modules). A working level can in turn be composed of several building modules and/or connecting modules.

The building modules are advantageous for the flexible planning of different usage scenarios for different customers. The basic modules enable the modules to be manufactured and transported at low cost.

The basic modules preferably take up a certain number of base areas, so that they can be assembled into a building module in the configuration grid. Advantageously, the basic modules are prefabricated and can be transported in one piece, especially on the road. Rooms with a normal usable area (e.g. offices or living rooms) usually have dimensions that cannot be transported as a single room module. It is therefore advantageous to assemble the building modules from prefabricated basic modules.

This special modularity of the building enables particular advantages in terms of costs, structural specifications and space efficiency compared to conventional container modules.

The buildings can be adapted to different purposes using a modular principle at low cost and with little planning effort. At the same time, the modular design enables a particularly efficient use of space with high energy efficiency. The modular multi-purpose buildings offer advantages for municipalities, cities, companies, banks and investors in construction projects.

With the construction according to the invention, buildings can be designed for different purposes, e.g. apartments for technicians, students, assisted living, singles, couples as well as business premises, offices, which can be equipped with storage and parking facilities. With the green roof area, if necessary with additional building modules in the roof level, further attractive usage options can be created.

Depending on the design, the building can also include one or more basement levels. However, the invention also includes designs without a basement level.

The building advantageously includes one or more energy modules for an efficient energy supply, in particular for electricity, heating and hot water preparation. Additional water reservoirs, in particular a cistern, and/or water recycling systems can be provided in the building for an efficient water supply.

Further advantageous features and embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and are described below with reference to the drawings.

• 1: eine modulares Mehrzweckgebäude (10) mit mehreren Nutzebenen (11), die jeweils Gebäudemodule (12) umfassen,
• 2: ein Konfigurationsraster (30) für eine Nutzebene (11);
• 3: eine Frontalansicht eines beispielhaften Gebäudes (10);
• 4: eine Seitenansicht eines beispielhaften Gebäudes (10);
• 5: eine Kellerebene (24);
• 6: eine Lagerebene (21);
• 7: eine Wohn- und/oder Büroebene (22);
• 8: eine Dachebene (23);
• 9: beispielhafte Grundmodule (120) für ein Gebäudemodul (12);

The invention is shown by way of example and schematically in the drawings. Show it:

• 1 : a modular multi-purpose building (10) with several utility levels (11), each comprising building modules (12),
• 2 : a configuration grid (30) for a useful plane (11);
• 3 : a front view of an exemplary building (10);
• 4 : a side view of an exemplary building (10);
• 5 : a basement level (24);
• 6 : a storage plane (21);
• 7 : a living and/or office level (22);
• 8th : a roof plane (23);
• 9 : exemplary basic modules (120) for a building module (12);

An exemplary representation of a modular multi-purpose building (10) with several utility levels (11) is in 1 shown. The building (10) comprises several floors (EG, OG, DG), which are each formed by a working level (11). The building can optionally include a basement level (24) in which in particular energy modules (14), eg a combined heat and power plant, and/or a cistern can be arranged. Further energy modules (14) can, for example, be arranged as photovoltaic and/or solar modules on a (partial) roofing of the roof level (23) and/or on a facade.

The building (10) comprises building modules (12) and part of the connecting module (13) in one or more useful levels (11), which preferably comprises a stairwell and/or an elevator. The building modules (12) form the configurable utility units for the desired purpose of use of the utility levels. A working level (11) is advantageously formed entirely from building modules (12), which can advantageously be assembled from prefabricated basic modules.

The roof level (23) is preferably planted and can be used, for example, as a compensation area, as a leisure area and/or as a cultivation area for urban agriculture. Alternatively, the invention can also be implemented without a roof plane (23).

The storage level (21) and/or the residential and/or office levels (22) are preferably constructed from modular building modules (12). The building can also include parts, e.g. the basement level (24) or the connecting module (13), which are built in a classic way, i.e. not from prefabricated modules.

All useful planes (11) preferably share the same configuration grid. An advantageous configuration grid (30) is in 2 shown schematically for an exemplary working plane (11). The configuration grid (30) includes two different base surface types (110). The base area type 1 (111) is square with an edge length a. The base area type 2 (112) is rectangular with the same edge length a and a shorter edge length b. The edge length of a base area unit is preferably shorter than the transportable width of a load unit in road traffic. At the same time, the base area units (110) should be as large as possible in order to create a sufficiently large building module from a few transportable basic modules (120). (12), eg to be able to put together a living room.

A basic module (120) has the predetermined dimensions of one or more base surface units (110). As a result, uniform building modules of different designs can be efficiently prefabricated, transported and flexibly arranged as building modules (12) in the configuration grid (30) of a working level (11). This results in many possible embodiments of the building (10) with low adaptation costs.

The division of the building geometry into a few uniform sections, in particular two predetermined base area units (111, 112) with predetermined edge lengths (a, b) is particularly advantageous.

A basic module (120) preferably measures an edge length (a, b) of a base area unit (110) in width and several edge lengths (2a, 2a+b) of several base area units (110) in length. The longer edge length (a) preferably measures a maximum of 3 meters, in particular 2.98 meters, in order to be able to transport a correspondingly wide basic module on the road without escort vehicles. The shorter edge length

The longer edge length (a) enables the largest possible basic module (120), which measures exactly such an edge length in width and can therefore still be transported on the road. The shorter edge length (b) also enables smaller room divisions, which is of particular interest as a size unit for corridor modules (43) or as extensions for other building modules (12), in particular storage modules (40). The shorter edge length is preferably between 1.50 meters and 2 meters, in particular 1.87 meters.

Depending on the embodiment of the building modules (12) or the basic modules (120), the reference boundaries of the module that fall on the base area units (110) of the configuration grid (30) can be on the outside of a wall, inside a wall, on the inside of a wall or lie on an open side of the module. Different techniques can be used when assembling the modules.

A possible embodiment of the modular multi-purpose building (10) is in several views in the 3 until 8th shown.

3 shows a building (10) in a frontal view. The building (10) comprises a loading level (21) on the ground floor, two living and/or office levels (22) on the upper floors and a roof level (23).

Due to the floor plan of the building (10) constructed in the configuration grid, the building is divided into logical segments each having an edge length (a). Each building module occupies one or more such segments with a predetermined edge length. The height of the building modules results from the storey height specified for the respective working level (11).

Depending on the embodiment, the roof level (23) can be designed to be open and/or partially covered. Access to the roof level (23) is preferably made accessible via the connecting module (13) and the stairwell arranged therein. The connection module (13) and other areas of the roof plane (23) can be roofed over and used as a mounting area for energy modules (14), in particular photovoltaic and/or solar modules.

4 shows a side view of the same building (10) as in 3 . The floor plan of the building (10) is also divided in depth by a number of predetermined segments.

The division of the configuration grid into two different base areas with two edge lengths (a,b), each with a length of 1.87 m or 2.98 m, has proven to be particularly advantageous.

5 shows a possible embodiment of an optional basement level (24). The basement level (24) can be designed both in modular design and as a classic structure. The basement level (24) preferably also forms the configuration grid (30). Building supports can be placed at the intersections of multiple base area units for flexible room layouts. In addition to the arrangement of prefabricated modules, the division of space within a working level can also be adjusted alternatively or additionally by means of movable walls within the working level.

6 shows a storage level (21) of the building (10). The storage level (21) is preferably formed by one or more storage modules (40). The storage level (21) can be built completely or partially in a modular design or in a classic design.

A storage module (40) preferably comprises a door in an outer wall. The storage module (40) can occupy one or more base areas. Several storage modules (40) can also be connected to form a larger storage area. By combining one or more base area units of the same or different edge lengths (a) and (b), a large number of storage modules (40) of different sizes can be offered.

The storage modules (40) preferably include a driveable floor. Preferably, the storage modules (40) can be used both as storage and/or parking space.

7 shows a possible residential and/or office level (22).

The living or office level is advantageously formed from a combination of living modules (41) and hallway modules (43). A residential module (41) can be formed from one or more basic modules (120), in particular a utility module (121) and an extension module (122). Other forms of basic modules (120) can also be provided.

A basic module (120), in particular the useful module (121), advantageously includes a uniform supply connection. The utility module can in particular include prefabricated utility facilities such as sanitary facilities. One or more expansion modules (122) can be combined with a useful module (121) for the flexible design of different room sizes. A similar division can also be achieved with office modules.

8th shows a possible configuration of a roof plane (23). The usable roof level (23) can be configured in different configurations depending on customer requirements. The roof level can include one or more building modules (12) and can also be fully or partially planted. The roof level (23) can be partially or fully covered. Advantageously, the roof level (23) can be used to arrange greenhouses, conservatories or cultivation areas for urban gardening.

In an advantageous embodiment, a building module (12) includes a conservatory that can be arranged in the configuration grid.

9 shows possible embodiments of two building modules (12), namely a residential module (41) and a partially shown corridor module (43). The building module (12) can be composed of one or more basic modules (120), in particular a user module (121), an extension module (122) and/or an access module (123). The basic modules (120) can each be partially or fully prefabricated and transported in one piece to the desired construction site of the building. The basic modules (120) can be assembled on site to form a building module (12). The building modules (12) can be arranged in the configuration grid of the building and connected to one another. Advantageously, each building module (12) has a standard connection for building services.

The features of the invention shown or described in the dependent claims and the drawings can be combined with one another, replaced or even omitted in the sense of a modular construction of the building to create different embodiments.

Reference List

10

multipurpose building

11

working level

12

building module

13

connection module

14

power module

21

storage level

22

Residential and/or office level

23

roof level

24

basement level

30

configuration grid

40

storage module

41

residential module

42

office module

43

corridor module

44

garden module

110

base surface

111

Base area type 1

112

Base area type 2

120

basic module

121

utility module

122

expansion module

123

access module

a

edge length a

b

edge length b

ground floor

Ground floor

upstairs

upper floor

DG

attic

KG

basement

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 19623049 A1 [0005]
• DE 19733311 A1 [0006]
• DE 10011357 A1 [0007]

Claims (22)

Modular multi-purpose building (10) with several utility levels (11) comprising a configurable assembly of at least partially prefabricated building modules (12), wherein - one or more utility levels (11) in each upper floor (OG) a living and/or office level (22) form, - a working level (11) in the attic (DG) forms a roof level (23), - the building (10) comprises a connecting module (13) which connects two or more working levels (11) to one another, - one or more working levels ( 11) can be configured in a configuration grid (30) from rectangular base area units (110, 111, 112) with predetermined edge lengths (a, b) and - the building modules (12) and/or the connection module (13) at least partially from basic modules (120) are formed, which take up a predetermined number of base area units (110, 111, 112) and can be transported prefabricated, characterized in that - a working level (11) forms a storage level (21) on the ground floor (EG). building (10) after claim 1 , wherein the storage level (21) comprises one or more storage modules (40), which can be used in particular as a storage and/or parking area and/or each comprise an access gate on an outer wall. building (10) after claim 1 or 2 , wherein the storage level (21) is formed at least partially from prefabricated building modules (12), in particular storage modules (40). Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the storage level (21), in particular the storage modules (40), comprise a floor which can be driven over. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the arrangement of storage modules (40) in the storage level (21) is configurable, wherein preferably several storage modules (40) can be connected to a storage module (40) by displaceable walls. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the basic modules (120) have a width of a base area unit (110, 111, 112), in particular exactly one edge length (a, b), and a length of one or more base area units (110, 111, 112). Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the basic modules (120) have a maximum width of 3 meters and/or the maximum edge length (a, b) of a base area unit (110, 111, 112) measures a maximum of 3 meters. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one working level (11) is constructed entirely from building modules (12), preferably consisting of one or more basic modules (120) and a connecting module (13). Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a predetermined selection of building modules (12), in particular storage modules (40), residential modules (41), office modules (42) and / or corridor modules (43), from a specific combination of basic modules ( 120), in particular useful modules (121), extension modules (122) and/or access modules (123). Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a building module (12), in particular a residential module (41) or an office module (42), can be assembled from a service module (121) and one or more extension modules (122), the service module (121) preferably comprises the essential entrances and building technology connections and the expansion module (122) comprises additional areas and/or utility functions. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a corridor module (43) can be assembled from one or more access modules (123). Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more basic modules (120, 121) have an open side wall and are connected to a second basic module (120) with an open side wall, preferably after transport to the construction site of the building (10). a building module (12) can be assembled. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the building modules (12) comprise one or more uniform, in particular prefabricated, building technology connections. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more building modules (12), in particular basic modules (120) designed as service modules (121), comprise a prefabricated sanitary installation. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connection module (13) comprises a staircase, an elevator and/or a supply shaft for building services. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, the roof level (23) has greenery and/or one or more garden modules (44), in particular with a greenhouse, a conservatory, an open space, a playground or a cultivation area. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the roof level (23) is designed as an open-air level and/or is at least partially covered. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the roof level (23) comprises photovoltaic and/or solar modules, in particular on a partial roof. Building (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the building (10) comprises a basement level (24). Building (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the building (10) comprises a cistern in the basement level (24). Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the building (10) comprises one or more energy modules (14), in particular a combined heat and power plant and/or photovoltaic modules and/or solar modules. Building (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the building (10) is constructed in a hybrid construction, in particular from a combination of timber construction and concrete construction.

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