DE202021000800U1 - Net system for protection against natural hazards with a clamping device that serves to absorb and directly transfer force to the anchorage and enables a dimensionally stable mesh guide - Google Patents

Abstract

Network system for protection against natural hazards, characterized in that the network is membrane-like and has a clamping device that serves to absorb force and direct force transmission to the anchor, and allows a dimensionally stable mesh management.

Description

introduction

Meshes made of steel wire, wire rope or fiber materials are widely used on natural slopes and artificial slopes for surface protection and erosion prevention. In addition, they are also used to protect against mass movements when absorbing kinetic energy in safety net barriers. In conventional net systems, additional cables are subsequently tensioned over the entire net surface in order to transfer the forces that act on the net surface, for example due to rock slides or falls, to the anchorage. According to the invention, a net system is disclosed in which the force introduced is effected by tensioning ropes integrated into the net and which thus enables improved power transmission and simpler assembly. This system is used in a particularly advantageous manner with membrane-like, deformable nets, which can also be unfolded.

State of the art

Protective net systems usually consist of net panels, load-bearing and connecting means, and anchoring to the ground. In the case of safety net barriers, support elements are also used. Different types of networks are used to protect against natural hazards. Nets that can build up a membrane effect and are easy to drape are particularly advantageous. In the case of slope protection, these can be adapted very well to the given surface shape and contribute to the stabilization of the surface through an enveloping pretension. In protective net barriers, the elastic-plastic deformation of the net contributes to energy absorption.

the CH681375 describes a spiral wire rope net for absorbing kinetic energy, which has four-fold linked ring-shaped meshes and in which an edge rope is looped through the edge rings. In the embodiment variant disclosed, the border cable is deflected at 90° in the corners of the net panel. This edge rope is guided all the way round through the edge rings of the mesh panel. Due to the all-round guidance of the border cable, it can be moved in the mesh and can only transfer very limited tensile forces. Therefore, it cannot be used to brace the individual mesh panels.

EP 2 642 030 discloses a network in which a connecting cable is passed through a number of network elements in a criss-crossing manner so that it can be connected to one another at the cable crossing points and forms a closed connecting network element. Due to the mobility between the network elements, this network can be folded. However, it is particularly disadvantageous that it has only a low dimensional stability due to the displaceability of the net elements and is therefore only suitable for a force-transmitting, membrane-like surface covering to a very limited extent.

the WO 2009/107104 discloses a rock fall prevention structure in which a slope covering arrangement consists of intersecting cable members and an associated wire mesh. The cable elements and the wire mesh are fixed to the ground with anchors. The bracing creates a strength that counteracts the movement of detached rock masses. The covering mesh material consists of wire mesh or wire rope mesh panels, which can also contain the surrounding edge. With this structure, the vertical and horizontal bracing cables are laid over the entire surface of the net and braced on the sides with the anchors. Along the surface, the cable bracings are fastened to the grid-like anchors with plates. A particular disadvantage of the described structure is that the mesh panels must be laid before the horizontal and vertical cable bracing is installed. This makes installation work much more difficult, especially on steep slopes or vertical rock faces. Equally disadvantageously, the structure described can introduce the forces into the subsoil only along the predetermined anchor pattern.

objective

Although membrane-like nets with meshes or net elements that can be displaced relative to one another have good adaptability, they are generally slack and not dimensionally stable. This is particularly disadvantageous in the case of power transmission into the anchor, transport and installation. The aim of the invention is to create a net system for securing embankments and for protection against mass movements, which consists of a flexible, foldable net and which can be stretched at peripheral power transmission points, whereby it can be opened and closed again with a mesh guide.

Presentation of the invention

In 1 an embodiment variant of a net panel (1) is shown, which is designed as a ring net and in which the net meshes (2) are made, for example, from twisted wire bundles. Advantageously, the individual wires have a diameter of 1.5 to 4.0 mm and have a wire tensile strength of at least 1200 N/mm ² on. In the example given, the net meshes (2) are formed from rings linked six times, which usually have a ring diameter of 350-420 mm. The mesh panels (1) have the usual widths of 3-5 m and lengths of 4-15 m.

In the plan view in 2 It can be seen that the net shown has zigzag net meshes (2) due to the design. Tensioning ropes (4) running horizontally across the entire width of the net and vertical tensioning ropes (6) run through the upper and lower rows of meshes of the net panel (1). These usually consist of wire ropes with a diameter of 4-16 mm and advantageously have a tensile strength of up to 179 kN. In one embodiment of the tensioning ropes, these consist of synthetic fiber ropes, which advantageously have a weight of less than 0.1 kg/m. Out of 3 it can be seen that the ends of the tensioning ropes (4), (5), (6) are advantageously designed as rope eyes (8), which are used for power transmission and attachment. These cable loops (8) advantageously include the rings of the corner stitches (3).

These rope eyes (8) can be formed, for example, by looping the rope ends in a compression sleeve (9) made of aluminum. By using connecting elements (13), the tensioning ropes (4), (5), (6) of two adjacent net panels (1) can be connected to one another and thus a linear frictional connection can be established. By linking the individual tensioning ropes (4), (5), (6) over the entire surface of the structure, they take on the function of horizontal and vertical bracing ropes in embankment protection and as supporting and horizontal ropes in protective net barriers. By attaching it to the anchoring points, loads can be introduced directly into the subsoil via the tensioning ropes (4), (5), (6).

The net panels (1) are advantageously folded together like an accordion along the horizontal tensioning cables (4). The transport and the delivery take place as a compact network package (11) in a particularly favorable manner. The installation is particularly simplified by the tensioning ropes (4), (6) already installed in the net package and the accordion-like folding method ( 8th ). The previously installed anchors ( 9 ) (10) with the usual distances of 2 to 5 m and usual lengths of 2 to 10 m for this application are usually arranged in a predetermined grid. In a particularly advantageous manner, the distances between the tensioning ropes (4), (5), (6) and the dimensions of the net panels (1) are coordinated with the distances between the anchors (10). In a first step, the tensioning ropes are placed on the heads of the anchors (10) protruding from the surface, connected to one another and the net packs (11) are thus positioned on the embankment (12). The individual net packages (11) are then pulled open and the edge meshes of both net panels (1) are then connected to one another. This connection is preferably made with ferrules, shackles (13) or seam ropes.

Without the additional work step for the subsequent installation of the bracing cables, the net system is particularly easy to assemble compared to the known systems.

In another variant ( 4 and 5 ) the net panels (1) also have vertical tensioning ropes (6) in addition to the horizontal tensioning ropes (4). These are also connected to the rings of the corner stitches (3) in a particularly advantageous manner. Along these vertically running tensioning ropes (6), the net panels (1) can also be attached to the anchoring points ( 9 ) (10) and contribute to the optimized transfer of vertical loads. Guiding the edge rings on all sides has the particularly advantageous effect that this guidance prevents individual stitches (2) from folding over during transport and processing. In the case of temporary use, the mesh panel can also be folded up again like an accordion after use, in a particularly advantageous manner along the horizontal tensioning cables (4). Reuse is therefore possible without restrictions.

Another variant ( 6 ) has at least one central horizontal tensioning rope (5) in addition to the horizontal tensioning ropes (4) running at the upper and lower edge of the mesh. Depending on the size of the net panel (1) and the loads to be introduced, it is also possible to use several central tensioning ropes (5), which are usually evenly spaced vertically.

In another variant, the tensioning cables run diagonally to the rows of stitches.

For use in safety net barriers ( 8th ) the net system presented offers the great advantage that the net packs (11) can be positioned directly on the supporting elements (15) to be provided following the anchoring and foundation work. Particularly advantageously, the tensioning cables (4) assume the supporting function between the support elements (15). For this purpose, they are connected to one another with connecting elements (13). Advantageously, the tensioning ropes (4) on the edge of the safety net barrier (14) an overlong, open rope end (7). This tensions the support structure and connects it to the anchorage or to the energy absorbing elements attached to it. The net packs (11) are then advantageously opened along the tensioning cables (4), (5) and connected to one another with connecting elements (13). In order to prevent rope movement and the associated friction between the contact surfaces of the tensioning ropes (4), (5) and the net panel (1), the tensioning rope (4), (5) can be connected to the meshes (2) it runs through in a particularly advantageous manner. of the power panel (1). The tensioning cable can also be firmly integrated into the mesh panel (1) as a structural element, for example by braiding.

Reference List

1

mesh panel

2

net mesh

3

corner stitch

4

Horizontal tensioning rope

5

Central tension rope

6

Vertical tensioning rope

7

Open rope end

8th

rope eyelet

9

press sleeve

10

anchor

11

mesh package

12

embankment

13

fastener

14

protective barrier

15

support element

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• CH 681375 [0003]
• EP 2642030 [0004]
• WO 2009/107104 [0005]

Claims (14)

Network system for protection against natural hazards , characterized in that the network is membrane-like and has a clamping device that serves to absorb force and direct force transmission to the anchorage, and enables a dimensionally stable mesh guide. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that it is applied to embankment surfaces (12). protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that it is used as a protective net barrier (14). protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the net has annular meshes. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the network is made up of intertwined webs. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the network consists of highly modulus fiber material. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the net has additional horizontal tensioning ropes. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the net has tensioning ropes running diagonally. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the network can be threaded onto the horizontally running tensioning ropes as a network package. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the net additionally has vertical tensioning ropes at the edges. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the distance between the vertical and / or vertical tensioning ropes is adjusted according to the anchor grid. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the tensioning ropes are connected to the end meshes. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the tensioning cable is connected to each mesh in the running direction. protective net after claim 1 , characterized in that the stitches are guided by a rigid element.

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