DE202020104550U1 - Attachment device for a truck for applying a cover layer of pourable building material to a road and / or path substructure - Google Patents

Abstract

A mounting device (1) for a truck (100) for applying a cover layer of pourable building material to a road and / or path substructure
a) a storage room (2) for receiving and distributing loose building material,
a1) wherein the storage space (2) is open to the front in an intended working direction (R) of the attachment device (1) and downwards and on its rear side in the working direction (R) by an inclined downward slope at least in sections in the working direction (R) Baffle plate (4) with a front side (5) facing the storage space (2) and a rear side (6) facing away from the storage space (2) and delimited on its lateral sides by side walls (3),
b) an adjustment space (8) in which two adjustment devices (20) laterally spaced to the working direction (R), a first adjustment device (20a) and a second adjustment device (20b) are arranged,
b1) wherein the adjustment space (8) is arranged in the working direction (R) behind the storage space (2) and forwards from the rear side (6) of the baffle plate (4) and downwards from a base (14) and on its lateral sides from the side walls (3) is limited,
b2) both adjusting devices (20) each having a first adjusting element (22) extending between the baffle plate (4) and the base (14) with a longitudinal axis, to which or with which a second adjusting element (21) is attached in a height-adjustable manner along the longitudinal axis,
c) a fastening unit (10) for fastening the attachment device (1) to the rearmost axle of the truck (100),
c1) wherein the fastening unit (10) has two mounting bars (11), a first mounting bar (11a) and a second mounting bar (11b), which lead from the storage space (2) through the baffle plate (4) into the adjustment space (8) are,
c2) with a fastening element (13) being arranged at a first end of each attachment beam (11), via which the attachment beam (11) is attached or can be attached to the rearmost axle of the truck (100),
c3) wherein a second end of the first mounting bar (11a) opposite the first end is attached to the second adjusting element (21) of the first adjusting device (20a),
c4) wherein a second end of the second mounting beam (11b) opposite the first end is attached to the second adjusting element (21) of the second adjusting device (20b), and c5) wherein each mounting beam (11) is rotatable between its first end and its second end is mounted on a pivot bearing (D) attached to the rear of the baffle plate.

Description

The invention relates to a mounting device for a truck for applying a surface layer, in particular a water-bound surface layer, made of pourable building material, such as mineral concrete, chippings, gravel, sand or crushed stone, on a road and / or path substructure.

Paths and roads with water-bound pavements or surface layers without binding agents are well known in the field of road and path construction. To produce such roads and paths, a cover layer is applied to a load-bearing road or path substructure. The top layer typically consists of building material such as mineral concrete, gravel, sand or crushed stone, which is typically transported by truck to the location of the road or path to be built and then using conventional construction machinery such as loaders, graders and rollers as well as manual labor on the Road or path substructure is distributed and compacted.

The object of the invention is to make the construction of roads and / or paths with water-bound ceilings more efficient.

This object is achieved by an add-on device with the features according to claim 1. Advantageous configurations and developments are specified in the dependent claims.

• a) einen Vorratsraum zum Aufnehmen und Verteilen von schüttfähigem Baumaterial,
• a1) wobei der Vorratsraum nach vorne in einer vorgesehenen Arbeitsrichtung der Anbauvorrichtung und nach unten, also zum Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau hin, offen ist und an seiner in Arbeitsrichtung hinteren Seite durch ein zumindest abschnittsweise in Arbeitsrichtung schräg nach unten geneigtes Prallblech mit einer dem Vorratsraum zugewandten Vorderseite und einer dem Vorratsraum abgewandten Rückseite und an seinen lateralen Seiten durch Seitenwände begrenzt ist,
• b) einen Verstellraum, in dem zwei lateral zur Arbeitsrichtung beabstandete Verstelleinrichtungen, konkret eine erste Verstelleinrichtung und eine zweite Verstelleinrichtung, angeordnet sind,
• b1) wobei der Verstellraum in Arbeitsrichtung hinter dem Vorratsraum angeordnet ist und nach vorne von der Rückseite des Prallblechs und nach unten von einem Boden und an seinen lateralen Seiten von den Seitenwänden begrenzt wird,
• b2) wobei beide Verstelleinrichtungen jeweils ein sich zwischen Prallblech und Boden erstreckendes erstes Verstellelement mit einer Längsachse aufweisen, an dem oder mit dem ein zweites Verstellelement entlang der Längsachse höhenverstellbar angebracht ist,
• c) eine Befestigungseinheit zur Befestigung der Anbauvorrichtung an der hintersten Achse des Lastkraftwagens,
• c1) wobei die Befestigungseinheit zwei Anbaubalken, einen ersten Anbaubalken und einen zweiten Anbaubalken, aufweist, die vom Vorratsraum durch das Prallblech hindurch in den Verstellraum geführt sind,
• c2) wobei an einem ersten Ende jedes Anbaubalkens ein Befestigungselement angeordnet ist, über das der Anbaubalken, insbesondere vertikal frei beweglich, an der hintersten Achse des Lastkraftwagens angebracht oder anbringbar ist,
• c3) wobei ein dem ersten Ende gegenüberliegendes zweites Ende des ersten Anbaubalkens an dem zweiten Verstellelement der ersten Verstelleinrichtung angebracht ist,
• c4) wobei ein dem ersten Ende gegenüberliegendes zweites Ende des zweiten Anbaubalkens an dem zweiten Verstellelement der zweiten Verstelleinrichtung angebracht ist, und
• c5) wobei jeder Anbaubalken zwischen seinem ersten Ende und seinem zweiten Ende drehbar an einem an der Rückseite des Prallblechs angebrachten Drehlager gelagert ist.

The attachment device according to the invention for a truck for applying a top layer, in particular a water-bound top layer, made of pourable building material such as mineral concrete, gravel, grit, sand or crushed stone, on a road and / or path substructure

• a) a storage room for receiving and distributing loose building material,
• a1) wherein the storage space is open to the front in an intended working direction of the attachment and downwards, i.e. towards the road and / or path substructure, and on its rear side in the working direction by an at least partially inclined baffle plate with one of the The front side facing the storage space and a rear side facing away from the storage space and on its lateral sides are delimited by side walls,
• b) an adjustment space in which two adjustment devices laterally spaced from the working direction, specifically a first adjustment device and a second adjustment device, are arranged,
• b1) wherein the adjustment space is arranged behind the storage space in the working direction and is delimited to the front by the rear of the baffle plate and downward by a floor and on its lateral sides by the side walls,
• b2) wherein both adjustment devices each have a first adjustment element with a longitudinal axis extending between the baffle plate and the floor, to which or with which a second adjustment element is attached in a height-adjustable manner along the longitudinal axis,
• c) a fastening unit for fastening the attachment to the rearmost axle of the truck,
• c1) wherein the fastening unit has two mounting bars, a first mounting bar and a second mounting bar, which are guided from the storage space through the baffle plate into the adjustment space,
• c2) wherein a fastening element is arranged at a first end of each attachment beam, via which the attachment beam, in particular freely movable vertically, is attached or can be attached to the rearmost axle of the truck,
• c3) wherein a second end of the first mounting bar opposite the first end is attached to the second adjusting element of the first adjusting device,
• c4) wherein a second end of the second mounting bar opposite the first end is attached to the second adjusting element of the second adjusting device, and
• c5) each mounting beam being rotatably supported between its first end and its second end on a pivot bearing attached to the rear of the baffle plate.

In the present case, the working direction is to be understood as the direction of travel of the attachment device or the truck when the pourable building material is being discharged and distributed on the road and / or path substructure. A lateral direction is understood to mean a direction transverse or perpendicular to the working direction, in particular a horizontal direction transverse or perpendicular to the working direction. Terms such as “horizontal”, “vertical”, “bottom”, “top”, “bottom” and “top” are to be interpreted in a way that is common per se with regard to the earth's gravitational field.

Appropriately, in addition to the fastening unit, via which it is attached or attachable to the rearmost axle of the truck, the attachment device has attachment means via which it can be attached to a trough (also: tipper) of the Truck is fastened or fastened in such a way that the attachment device can be lowered by lifting the trough down in the direction of the road and / or path substructure. These fastening means can be connection chains, in particular two connection chains. In particular, the attachment device can be lowered by means of these fastening means in such a way that it rests freely on the road and / or path substructure or, when in use, on the applied cover layer, that is to say rests with its own weight and the weight of the building material filled. In an analogous manner, the attachment device can be raised again by means of these fastening means by lowering the trough.

The advantages of the invention consist in particular in proposing an attachment device which is and can remain attached to the truck both in normal road traffic and during the manufacture of the top layer. Furthermore, the attachment device can be adapted to various requirements and / or specifications by means of the adjustment devices in the adjustment space. For example, as will be explained in more detail below, an angle of attack and / or a transverse inclination of the attachment device can be set by means of the adjustment devices.

Preferably, both attachment bars and their pivot bearings and both adjustment devices with their adjustment elements are designed and arranged and connected to one another in such a way that the height adjustment of the second adjustment elements on the first adjustment elements of both adjustment devices enables an adjustment of an angle of incidence of the attachment device with respect to the working direction before the top layer is applied, wherein the angle of attack determines a layer thickness of the top layer to be applied to the road and / or path substructure.

The attachment device is preferably adjustable by means of the adjustment devices in such a way that a substantially wedge-shaped gap is formed between an underside of the pouring unit, in particular the floor of the adjustment space, and an upper side of the road and / or path substructure, in particular with a wedge angle corresponding to the angle of attack. During the subsequent approach movement of the attachment device in the working direction, the wedge-shaped attachment device floats onto the building material that has already fallen onto the road and / or path substructure in the storage space that is open at the bottom, so that the attachment device is lifted and a substantially uniform gap between the underside of the attachment device and the top of the road and / or path substructure is formed. This gap defines the height of the material to be applied and thus also the height of the top layer. While the attachment device is moved further in the working direction, pourable building material now falls continuously from the storage space onto the road and / or path substructure and is thus applied there. The attachment device filled with building material loads with its own weight on the cover layer made of building material immediately in front of it, so that it is already somewhat compacted by the floor of the adjustment space when it is deployed.

The connection geometry of the mounting bars, in particular the distance between the fastening point of the respective fastening element on the rearmost axle of the truck and the respective pivot bearing on the rear of the baffle plate in combination with the height of the aforementioned fastening point and the height of the pivot point above the road and / or or path substructure, trimmed or chosen so that the attachment device carries out the above-described floating on the building material in a stable manner, i.e. the initially wedge-shaped gap merges into the uniform gap, so that a constant installation height of the material is guaranteed after floating. In other words: The connection geometry is trimmed or selected in such a way that neither the initial wedge increases when it floats and the installation height becomes greater and higher, nor does the wedge reverse and the attachment device digs into the applied building material up to the road and / or path substructure .

Additionally or alternatively, the two mounting bars and their pivot bearings and both adjustment devices with their adjustment elements can also be designed and arranged and connected to one another in such a way that the height adjustment of the second adjustment elements on the first adjustment elements of both adjustment devices results in a setting that extends laterally across the working direction Allows transverse inclination of the attachment device with respect to a horizontal, which determines a corresponding transverse inclination of the surface layer to be applied or applied to the road and / or path substructure. In this way, a predetermined transverse inclination of the cover layer can be produced. This can be used, for example, to produce cover layers with a defined elevation, for example also in a curve.

The height and / or the transverse inclination of the attachment device is preferably adjustable or changeable not only before the application of the cover layer, but also during the application of the cover layer. In this way, the thickness (also: installation height) and / or the transverse inclination of the cover layer can also be adapted or changed while the cover layer is being applied.

The adjusting devices each include, for example, a spindle drive, the first adjusting element being a spindle and the second adjusting element being a spindle nut. The adjusting devices can also each be a pneumatic or hydraulic or electric drive, in particular a pneumatic or hydraulic or electric lifting cylinder. In the case of lifting cylinders, the parts of the lifting cylinder that are movable relative to one another form the first and second adjusting elements.

In refinements, the floor of the adjustment space of the attachment device has, in two lateral sections spaced apart from one another, a profiled sheet that can be pivoted downwards, i.e. in the direction of the road and / or path substructure, and a fixed floor sheet between the lateral sections. Each of the two pivotable profile sheets can be pivoted about a pivot axis that is arranged on or near the stationary floor panel and extends in the working direction and is designed to provide a bevel that extends laterally across the working direction and that is to be applied to the road and / or path substructure in a pivoted-out state or applied cover layer in the respective section in relation to the section with the fixed floor panel element. As a result, a defined bevel of the cover layer in relation to a central section of the cover layer can be produced in particular in edge-side sections of the cover layer. It can be provided that the profile sheets can assume not only a retracted and a swiveled-out state, but also one or more intermediate positions in order to be able to set different bevels. Each profiled sheet can expediently be locked in a set position.

With the help of the profile sheets, cover layers with different profiles can be created. The profile sheets and the floor panel pull the building material off when moving in the working direction so that the building material is distributed on the load-bearing road and / or path substructure according to the profile specified by the profile sheets and the floor panel arranged between them. With such configurations, in particular, cover layers can be produced which, for example, have sloping edge strips.

The two profile sheets are preferably designed to predetermine cover layers with a roof profile that is essentially triangular or trapezoidal in a lateral cross-section by corresponding pivoting. This roof profile, as well as other profiles generated by the position of the profile sheets, for example bevels on one side for sloping edge strips, can also be shaped in addition to a transverse inclination set via the adjusting devices.

The profile sheets can, for example, each be retractable and extendable by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.

Appropriately, each side wall has a downwardly extendable drop plate which is designed and arranged in such a way that when the profile plate facing the respective side wall is swung out, it extends the side wall downward in an area in front of the profile plate in the working direction in accordance with the pivoted profile plate . These retractable and extendable fall plates extend the side walls. They thus serve to prevent or at least reduce the side slipping of building material when the cover layer is applied with the profiled sheets pivoted out.

The profiled sheets and / or the fall sheets can preferably be pivoted in and out or extended and retracted not only before the cover layer is applied, but also during the application of the cover layer.

The baffle plate serves in particular as a type of slide for the building material, which is conveyed into the storage space and / or distributed, for example, from a trough in the truck via the baffle plate. The baffle plate is at least partially inclined downwards in the working direction, i.e. in the direction of the road and / or path substructure, i.e. it is not completely vertical or horizontal, but at least in sections forms an angle between 0 and 90 ° to the working direction. One or more sections, in particular a lower section, that is to say a section arranged towards the road and / or path substructure, can, however, also run vertically and then merge into an inclined course upwards.

Preferably, a lower edge of the baffle plate, i.e. an edge of the baffle plate facing the road and / or path substructure, in particular a vertical section of the baffle plate, at least partially adjoins an edge of the floor, in particular an edge of the floor plate and the profiled sheets. The lower edge of the baffle plate and / or the edge of the floor, in particular the edge of the floor panel and the edge of the profiled sheets, then form a peel-off edge for applied building material.

In advantageous configurations, the storage space has a distribution unit for distributing and / or conveying building material in the storage space. This measure ensures that the building material If necessary, it can be evenly distributed over the lateral width of the storage space and can thus be applied evenly to the road and / or path substructure.

In embodiments, the distribution unit comprises a motor-driven, in particular hydraulic motor-operated, distribution screw, which extends transversely to the working direction through the storage space and can preferably be operated in both left and right rotation, i.e. rotatable in both directions. In other configurations, the distribution unit is operated pneumatically or electrically.

The storage space preferably extends essentially over the entire lateral width of the attachment device. The lateral width of the attachment device preferably corresponds essentially to the vehicle width of the truck to which the attachment device is coupled or can be coupled.

A control device is preferably provided which is designed to detect an actual value of the angle of attack and / or the transverse inclination of the attachment device by means of sensors and / or to control or regulate to a predetermined or specifiable target value by means of the adjustment devices. In this way it can be ensured that the specified or specifiable setpoint values are adhered to when the building material is applied. The attachment device preferably has an interface, in particular for wireless communication with the control device, for example a portable computer, laptop or notebook with a corresponding control or regulation software. Wireless communication between the control device and the attachment device is advantageous, since in this way the attachment device can be controlled from a driver's cab of the truck. This eliminates the need for cables in the work area and through the truck into the driver's cab. Further parameters of the attachment device, such as switching on / off and / or the direction of rotation of the distribution unit and / or the transverse inclination of the attachment device, can preferably also be controlled or regulated to corresponding target values with the aid of the control device. The control device enables the truck and the attachment device to be operated simultaneously from the driver's cab by one person.

The construction of the attachment device, including the baffle plate, side walls and base with the storage space open to the front and bottom, is expediently torsion-tolerant with regard to the torsional forces exerted by the adjustment devices on the attachment device.

In embodiments, a detection unit, in particular a camera, is designed and arranged to detect at least one area of the attachment device that is rearward with respect to the working direction. With the aid of the detection unit, in particular the work result or the quality of the applied cover layer can be checked directly and the operation of the attachment device, in particular by specifying changed parameters, can be corrected or adapted if necessary.

When producing cover layers, the width of which exceeds the lateral width of the attachment device, it is provided, with the aid of the attachment device already described above, to apply several possibly overlapping sections of the cover layers aligned essentially parallel to one another on the load-bearing road and / or path substructure adjoin each other and in this way produce the desired overall width of the top layer.

The invention also relates to a truck with an attached attachment device according to the invention.

• a) Die Anbauvorrichtung wird mit der Befestigungseinheit an der hintersten Achse des Lastkraftwagens befestigt; zweckmäßigerweise wird die Anbauvorrichtung ferner mittels Befestigungsmitteln, insbesondere zwei Anschlussketten, an der Mulde (auch: Kipper) des Lastkraftwagens befestigt;
• b) am Einsatzort wird die am Lastkraftwagens befestigte Anbauvorrichtung auf den Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau aufgelegt; insbesondere wird die Mulde hierzu soweit angehoben, dass die Anbauvorrichtung auf dem Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau aufliegt;
• c) ein Anstellwinkel der Anbauvorrichtung bezüglich einer Arbeitsrichtung der Anbauvorrichtung wird, insbesondere mittels zweier Verstelleinrichtungen der Anbauvorrichtung, derart eingestellt, dass zwischen einer Unterseite der Anbauvorrichtung und dem Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau ein keilförmiger Spalt gebildet wird, der eine Schichtdicke der auf dem Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau aufzubringenden Deckschicht bestimmt;
• d) das schüttfähige Baumaterial, das vorzugsweise in der Mulde mitgeführt wird, wird in einen Vorratsraum der Anbauvorrichtung geschüttet, beispielsweise durch Öffnen der rückseitigen Wand der angehobenen Mulde, und fällt von diesem auf den Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau;
• e) die mit schüttfähigem Baumaterial befüllte Anbauvorrichtung wird mittels des Lastkraftwagens in Arbeitsrichtung, insbesondere entlang des Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbaus, bewegt,
• e1) wobei die Anbauvorrichtung beim Anfahren aufgrund des keilförmigen Spalts auf das bereits aus dem Vorratsraum auf den Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau gefallene Baumaterial auffährt (auch: aufschwimmt); abhängig von den Dimensionen der Anbauvorrichtung ist die Anbauvorrichtung beispielsweise nach etwa 0,5 m auf das Baumaterial aufgefahren, und
• e2) wobei das schüttfähige Baumaterial während der Bewegung aus dem Vorratsraum nach unten auf den Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau verteilt wird und durch eine von der Anbauvorrichtung ausgebildete Abziehkante abgezogen (auch: geglättet) und vorzugsweise zusätzlich durch das Gewicht der Anbauvorrichtung mit dem eingefüllten schüttfähigen Baumaterial verdichtet wird, so dass auf dem Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau eine Deckschicht mit der vorgegebenen Schichtdicke aufgebracht wird.

A method for applying a top layer, in particular a water-bound top layer, made of pourable building material such as mineral concrete, gravel, sand or crushed stone, on a road and / or path substructure with an attachment device for a truck comprises the steps given below. The attachment device is, in particular, an attachment device according to the invention.

• a) The attachment device is attached to the rearmost axle of the truck with the attachment unit; The attachment device is expediently also attached to the trough (also: tipper) of the truck by means of attachment means, in particular two connecting chains;
• b) at the place of use, the attachment device attached to the truck is placed on the road and / or path substructure; In particular, for this purpose the trough is raised to such an extent that the attachment device rests on the road and / or path substructure;
• c) an angle of incidence of the attachment device with respect to a working direction of the attachment device is set, in particular by means of two adjustment devices of the attachment device, such that a wedge-shaped gap is formed between an underside of the attachment device and the road and / or path substructure, which is a layer thickness of the one on the road - and / or path substructure to be applied covering layer determined;
• d) the pourable building material, which is preferably carried along in the trough, is poured into a storage space of the attachment device, for example by opening the rear wall of the raised trough, and falls from this onto the road and / or path substructure;
• e) the attachment device filled with pourable building material is moved by means of the truck in the working direction, in particular along the road and / or path substructure,
• e1) the attachment device, when starting up, due to the wedge-shaped gap, drives onto the building material that has already fallen from the storage space onto the road and / or path substructure (also: floats); Depending on the dimensions of the attachment device, the attachment device is driven onto the building material, for example after about 0.5 m, and
• e2) wherein the pourable building material is distributed during the movement from the storage space downwards onto the road and / or path substructure and is pulled off (also: smoothed) by a peel edge formed by the attachment device and preferably additionally by the weight of the attachment device with the pourable Building material is compacted so that a top layer with the specified layer thickness is applied to the road and / or path substructure.

The advantages of the method result from the above-explained advantages of the attachment device according to the invention.

As already described, the attachment device is expediently attached to a recess of the truck in addition to being attached to the rearmost axle of the truck so that the attachment device can be lowered in the direction of the road and / or path substructure by lifting the recess. This additional fastening can take place, for example, via connection chains, in particular two connection chains. In particular, the attachment device can be lowered in such a way that it rests freely on the road and / or path substructure or, when in use, on the applied cover layer, that is to say rests with its own weight and the weight of the building material filled.

In an analogous manner, the attachment device is raised again by lowering the trough. In the lowered state, the attachment device is in a working position in which the building material can be applied to the road and / or path substructure by moving it in the working direction. In the raised state, the attachment device is in a transport position in which it - attached to the truck - can be transported with the truck to and from a deployment site. At the place of use, the attachment device only needs to be lowered into the working position by lifting the trough and, if necessary, adjusted by means of the adjustment devices in order to be operational. By further lifting the trough while the truck and attachment are moving in the working direction, a continuous supply of building material from the trough is also ensured. When the trough is empty, it can be lowered, lifting the attachment into its transport position, and the truck, for example, can drive to the material depot to be reloaded with building material without having to dismantle or uncouple the attachment.

According to a further development of the method, two adjustment devices of the attachment device, in particular the adjustment devices already mentioned, can be set at two points spaced apart from one another in the lateral direction in such a way that, in addition to the angle of incidence of the attachment device, there is also a defined transverse inclination in the lateral direction transverse to the working direction, which is on the Road and / or path substructure to be applied or applied top layer is determined, in particular by a corresponding transverse inclination of the attachment device. This transverse inclination can be set or changed both before the building material is applied and during the application of the building material.

In embodiments, when the cover layer is applied, pourable building material can be conveyed and / or distributed in the storage space of the attachment device, in particular by means of a distribution screw, in order to ensure that the cover layer is as uniform as possible. For this purpose, the distribution screw can be switched on as required, both left and right rotation being possible.

To form a roof profile of the cover layer in the lateral cross-section, one or two profile sheets on an underside of the attachment device can be swiveled down and / or one or two drop plates on the lateral side walls of the attachment device can be moved down, the latter in particular to prevent pourable material from slipping sideways when the profile plates are pivoted out To at least restrict building material or, ideally, to prevent it. Like the transverse slope, the settings with regard to the roof profile, i.e. the pivoting out and in of the profile sheets and the extension and retraction of the fall sheets, can be set or changed both before the building material is applied and during the application of the building material.

With the attachment device according to the invention and the method according to the invention, for example, cover layers with a height of up to 25 cm can be applied.

• 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Anbauvorrichtung für einen Lastwagen in einer Draufsicht;
• 2 die Anbauvorrichtung der 1 in einer Seitenansicht;
• 3 die am Heck eines Lastkraftwagens montierte Anbauvorrichtung der 1 in einer Seitenansicht;
• 4 eine erfindungsgemäße Anbauvorrichtung in einer schematischen Seitenansicht in einer Nullstellung;
• 5 die Anbauvorrichtung nach 4 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht, die in einem eine Schichtdicke vorgebenden Anstellwinkel positioniert ist;
• 6 die Anbauvorrichtung nach 4 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht beim Auftragen von Baumaterial in Arbeitsrichtung;
• 7 eine schematische Rückansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anbauvorrichtung beim Auftragen von Baumaterial in vorgegebener Schichtdicke;
• 8 eine schematische Rückansicht der Anbauvorrichtung nach 7 beim Auftragen von Baumaterial in vorgegebener Schichtdicke und mit definierter Querneigung;
• 9 eine weitere schematische Rückansicht der Anbauvorrichtung nach 7 beim Auftragen von Baumaterial in vorgegebener Schichtdicke und mit definierter Querneigung;
• 10 eine Rückansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anbauvorrichtung bei abgenommener Rückabdeckung.

The invention is explained in more detail below with regard to further features and advantages using the description of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. Show it

• 1 an attachment device according to the invention for a truck in a plan view;
• 2 the attachment of the 1 in a side view;
• 3 the attachment device of the 1 in a side view;
• 4th an attachment device according to the invention in a schematic side view in a zero position;
• 5 the attachment according to 4th in a schematic side view, which is positioned at an angle of attack that specifies a layer thickness;
• 6th the attachment according to 4th in a schematic side view when applying building material in the working direction;
• 7th a schematic rear view of an attachment device according to the invention when applying building material in a predetermined layer thickness;
• 8th a schematic rear view of the attachment according to 7th when applying building material in a specified layer thickness and with a defined transverse slope;
• 9 a further schematic rear view of the attachment device according to 7th when applying building material in a specified layer thickness and with a defined transverse slope;
• 10 a rear view of a mounting device according to the invention with the rear cover removed.

1 to 3 and 10 show a mounting device 1 for attachment to a truck 100 . With the attachment 1 water-bound surface layers for roads or paths can be advantageously produced, repaired or maintained. The attachment device 1 comprises a fastening unit 10 for attaching the attachment 1 on a rearmost axle of the truck 100 . The fastening unit 10 has two rigid mounting beams 11 on, a first mounting bar 11a and a second mounting beam 11b . At a first end of each mounting beam 11 is a fastener 13 arranged over which the mounting beam 11 vertically freely movable on the rearmost axle (not shown) of the truck 100 attached or attachable. With the two fasteners 13 it can be by means of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 13a lockable claws act.

Also on the attachment 1 two connection chains 12 appropriate. About these connection chains 12 the attachment on a trough 101 of the truck 100 attached, as in 3 shown. With lowered trough 101 the attachment is located 1 in a raised transport position F. , as in 3 shown. In this transport position F. is the attachment 1 from a road surface in the vertical direction V spaced and can therefore with the truck 100 be transported by road. When lifting the trough 101 becomes the attachment 1 placed on the floor and is thus in a working position A. (see for example 10 ). In this working position A. can with the attachment 1 a top layer of pourable building material can be applied to a road and / or path substructure.

The attachment device 1 has a storage room 2 on, which is designed, pourable building material from the trough 101 of the truck 100 and to spread them on a stable road and / or path substructure. The pantry 2 is, such as in 1 can be seen, forward in an intended working direction R. the attachment 1 and open at the bottom. At his in the direction of work R. back is the pantry 2 through a baffle plate 4th limited, the one upper, oblique to the working direction R. aligned section 4a and a lower, vertically extending section 4b having. The baffle 4th shows one to the pantry 2 facing front 5 and one in the pantry 2 facing away from the rear 6th on. From the trough onto the baffle plate 4th , in particular its upper, inclined section 4a Building material hitting it slides into the storage room 2 . Next is the pantry 2 on its lateral sides by side walls 3 limited.

In the back of the pantry 2 is a distribution unit 17th with distribution screw 18th arranged, which is designed to, if necessary, building material uniformly, in particular laterally uniformly, in the storage space 2 , preferably in front of a peel edge described in more detail below 32 to distribute. The distribution screw 18th is in the illustrated embodiment of a hydraulic motor 19th operated in 10 is shown and via one on the outside of one of the side walls 3 arranged drive mechanism 19a to the distribution screw 18th is connected. In other configurations is the distribution screw 18th operated for example pneumatically or by means of an electric motor. The distribution screw 18th can be operated in both directions of rotation, i.e. left and right rotation.

The pantry 2 and the distribution screw 18th extend essentially over the entire lateral width of the attachment device 1 , in particular the vehicle width of the truck 100 corresponds and in the illustrated and non-restrictive embodiment is approximately 2.5 m. In the front area of the pantry 2 , in the area behind the rearmost wheels of the truck 100 , are on the side walls 2 Fenders 9 arranged, which are designed to avoid or at least reduce an entry of building material onto the wheels of the truck when the cover layers are applied. For this purpose, the mudguards protrude 9 starting from the side walls 3 in the lateral direction into the storage room 2 inside.

The attachment device 1 has an adjustment space 8th on that in the working direction R. behind the pantry 2 is arranged and forward from the rear 6th of the baffle 4th and down from a floor 14th and on its lateral sides from the side walls 3 is limited. 10 allows a view from the rear of the attachment due to the removed rear cover 1 into the open adjustment room 8th . In the adjustment room 8th are two lateral to the working direction R. spaced adjustment devices 20th , a first adjustment device 20a and a second adjustment device 20b , arranged. Both adjustment devices 20th include a spindle drive. A spindle whose longitudinal axis is between the baffle plate 4th and soil 14th extends, each forms a first adjusting element 22nd . A spindle nut, which can be adjusted in height along the longitudinal axis of the spindle, forms a second adjustment element 21st . The spindles or the first adjustment elements 22nd are each via a hydraulic motor 23 rotatable. Alternatively, a pneumatic or electric drive could also be provided.

The already mentioned two mounting bars 11 the fastening unit 10 are from the pantry 2 through the baffle 4th through into the adjustment room 8th guided. A second end of the first mounting bar opposite the first end 11a is on the second adjustment element 21st (Spindle nut) of the first adjustment device 20a appropriate. A second end of the second mounting bar opposite the first end 11b is on the second adjustment element 21st (Spindle nut) of the second adjustment device 20b appropriate. Furthermore, each attachment bar is 11 between its first end and its second end rotatably on a pivot bearing attached to the rear of the baffle plate D. stored (see 4th , 5 , 6th ).

4th , 5 , 6th show that both mounting bars 11 and their pivot bearings D. and both adjustment devices 20th with their adjustment elements 21st , 22nd designed and arranged and connected to one another in such a way that the height adjustment of the second adjustment elements 21st (Spindle nuts) on the first adjustment elements 22nd (Spindles) of both adjustment devices 20th setting an angle of attack W. the attachment 1 regarding the working direction R. before the beginning of the application of the top layer enabled, the angle of attack W. a layer thickness H determines the surface layer to be applied to the road and / or path substructure.

Show specifically 4th , 5 , 6th schematically different positions of the at the rear of the truck 100 (not explicitly shown) attached attachment 1 after lowering the hitch 1 one after the other when adjusting the attachment 1 and when approaching in the working direction R. be taken.

4th shows the attachment 1 in a zero position in which the attachment 1 with their soil 14th rests flat on the road and / or path substructure. The attachment device 1 is about the rigid mounting beam 11 at an attachment point P on the rearmost axle of the truck 100 (not explicitly shown) attached and around the already mentioned pivot point D. rotatably mounted. The fulcrum D. is at the same height in the zero position H above the road and / or path substructure. The attachment point P shows consistently in 4th , 5 , 6th the same height given by the rearmost axle of the truck V above the road and / or path substructure.

5 shows the attachment 1 after the second adjustment elements have been raised 21st (Spindle nuts) on the first adjustment elements 22nd (Spindles). The mounting device tilts when it is raised 1 backwards, between the floor 14th the attachment 1 and the road and / or path substructure forms a wedge-shaped gap, the attachment device 1 now has an angle of attack W. on. This defines, as in 5 and 6th is shown, a layer thickness H (also: installation height) of the top layer to be applied.

6th shows the attachment shortly after starting in the working direction R. . The attachment device 1 is on the pourable building material of the top layer with the layer thickness already applied to the road and / or path substructure H ascended or floated and now lies with its bottom 14th flat on the building material that has just been applied, pulls this with the Peel edge 32 and compresses the applied building material due to its weight and the weight of the in the storage room 2 filled building material.

For example, the height V at 32 cm, the height H at 25 cm and the layer thickness H at 5 to 7 cm. It is advantageous if the sum of the amount H and the layer thickness H about the height V corresponds.

7th , 8th , 9 show that furthermore, both mounting bars 11 and their pivot bearings D. and both adjustment devices 20th with their adjustment elements 21st , 22nd designed and arranged and connected to one another in such a way that the height adjustment of the second adjustment elements 21st (Spindle nuts) on the first adjustment elements 22nd (Spindles) of both adjustment devices 20th an adjustment in a lateral direction L. across the working direction R. extending transverse slope of the hitch 1 with respect to a horizontal that determines a corresponding transverse inclination of the covering layer to be applied or applied to the road and / or path substructure.

7th illustrates the application of the top layer with a constant layer thickness H in a schematic rear view. The attachment bars 11 are on second adjustment elements 21st (Spindle nuts) fixed in the lateral direction L. are spaced from each other. In the in 7th The position shown are the two second adjustment elements 21st (Spindle nuts) with respect to the vertical direction V at the same height. This gets between the ground 14th and the road and / or path substructure formed a uniform lateral gap, the height of which is the thickness H corresponds to the covering layer to be applied or applied. In this case, this points in the lateral direction L. no banking on the thick H the top layer in the lateral direction L. is constant.

8th and 9 illustrate situations in which the ground 14th the attachment 1 a bank in a lateral direction L. , across the working direction R. , having. This creates a top layer with a corresponding transverse slope. The first adjustment elements are used to set this cross slope 21st (Spindle nuts) on which the mounting beams 11 are fixed with respect to the vertical direction V arranged at different heights.

In the in 8th The example shown is the floor 14th to get one in 8th on the right side of the attachment 1 lying pivot point (not shown) rotated. To achieve this, the 8th left second adjustment element 21st (Spindle nut) compared to the arrangement in 7th arranged offset downwards, while the right second adjustment element 22nd (Spindle nut) from its position 7th retains. In this way, the hitch becomes transverse 1 at which the thickness (also: installation height) of the top layer on the left side in 8th significantly larger than in 7th is and on the right in 8th essentially the thickness H in 7th corresponds.

In the in 9 The example shown is the floor 14th rotated about a central pivot point (not shown). To achieve this, the 9 left second adjustment element 21st (Spindle nut) down and the right second adjusting element 21st (Spindle nut) arranged offset upwards. In this way, the hitch becomes transverse 1 where the thickness of the top layer on the left in 9 larger and smaller on the right side than in 7th is. In the middle, the thickness of the top layer corresponds to the thickness of the top layer without set transverse slope.

10 shows that the ground 14th the adjustment space 8th the attachment 1 in two lateral sections that are spaced apart from one another, a profiled sheet that can be pivoted downward 30th and a fixed floor panel between the lateral sections 14a having. Each of the two swing-out profile sheets 30th is around one at or near the fixed floor pan 14a arranged in the direction of work R. extending pivot axis X pivotable and designed to move in a lateral direction in a pivoted-out state L. across the working direction R. to bring about extending bevel of the covering layer to be applied or applied to the road and / or path substructure in the respective section in relation to the section with the fixed floor plate element. For extending and retracting the profile sheets 30th is in 10 every profiled sheet 30th a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 31 intended.

The two profile sheets 30th are designed to predetermine cover layers with a roof profile that is triangular or trapezoidal in a lateral cross-section by pivoting them out accordingly. The in 10 The pivoting state of the two profile sheets shown 30th leads, for example, to a trapezoidal roof profile of the cover layer to be produced, that is to say sloping edge strips are produced on both side edges of the cover layer.

To in the case of extended profile sheets 30th the building material slipping sideways from the storage room 2 To avoid at least largely, each side wall has 3 a drop plate that can be extended downwards 7th on, which is designed and arranged such that it is in the pivoted-out state of the respective side wall 3 facing profile sheet 30th the side wall when extended 3 in one in the working direction R. in front of the profiled sheet 30th lying area downwards according to the pivoted profile sheet 30th extended. 2 and 3 show schematically these fall plates 7th and the mechanism provided for their retraction and extension 7a .

The already mentioned pull-off edge 32 for the building material applied to form the cover layer is at least partially formed by a front edge of the floor 14th and thus through a front edge of the fixed floor panel and the front edges of the two profile sheets 30th . If necessary, a lower edge of the baffle plate can also be used 4th at least partially the peel edge 32 form.

The construction of the attachment 1 from baffle plate 14th and side walls 3 and soil 14th , with pantry open to the front and bottom 2 , is torsion-tolerant with regard to the adjustment devices 20th outgoing torsional forces on the attachment 1 educated.

10 shows a control box 25th the attachment device in which at least a part of a control device of the attachment device 1 is housed. Another part of the control device, for example a computer, in particular a laptop or notebook, with a corresponding control or regulation software can be installed in the driver's cab of the truck 100 be arranged to enable the driver of the truck during work to operate all essential functions of the attachment device 1 , especially the adjustment devices 20th and / or the distribution unit 17th to enable. One-person operation is possible in this way.

Actual values for the angle of attack W. and actual values for the transverse inclination are detected by sensors, for example with the aid of rotation angle sensors, and controlled or regulated electronically to preset or prescribable target values. The data transfer between the attachment 1 and control device in the driver's cab of the truck 100 can be wired or wireless.

To check the work result, a detection unit (not shown in more detail), in particular a camera, is provided which has one with respect to the work direction R. rear area of the attachment 1 detected.

• Zunächst wird die Anbauvorrichtung 1 an der hintersten Achse eines mit einer Mulde 101 ausgerüsteten Lastkraftwagens 100 befestigt, ferner wird die Anbauvorrichtung mittels zweier Ketten an der Mulde angebracht. Die Anbauvorrichtung 2 wird durch Anheben der Mulde 101 nach unten in Richtung des Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbaus abgesenkt, auf diesem aufgelegt und damit in der in 4 gezeigten Nullstellung positioniert. Anschließend wird die Anbauvorrichtung 1 bezüglich der Arbeitsrichtung R durch die Verstelleinrichtungen 20 verkippt, so dass zwischen dem Boden 14 und dem Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau, auf dem die wassergebundene Deckschicht aufgebracht werden soll, ein keilförmiger Spalt gebildet wird (siehe insbesondere 5). Die Anbauvorrichtung 1 weist nunmehr einen durch die Verstelleinrichtungen 20 eingestellten Anstellwinkel W auf. Durch Öffnen der Bordwand des Lastkraftwagens 100 wird schüttfähiges Baumaterial aus der Mulde des Lastkraftwagens 100 in den Vorratsraum 2 der Anbauvorrichtung 1 geschüttet, von dort fällt es auf den Straßen- und/oder Wegeunterbau. Dieser Vorgang wird gegebenenfalls von der Verteileinheit 17 unterstützt.

The application of the, in particular, water-bound cover layer made of pourable building material is carried out with the attachment device 1 for example carried out as follows:

• First, the hitch 1 one with a hollow on the rearmost axle 101 equipped trucks 100 attached, and the attachment is attached to the trough by means of two chains. The attachment device 2 is made by lifting the trough 101 lowered down in the direction of the road and / or path substructure, placed on it and thus in the in 4th position shown. Then the attachment 1 regarding the working direction R. through the adjustment devices 20th tilted so that between the floor 14th and the road and / or path substructure on which the water-bound surface layer is to be applied, a wedge-shaped gap is formed (see in particular 5 ). The attachment device 1 now has one through the adjustment devices 20th set angle of attack W. on. By opening the side wall of the truck 100 becomes pourable building material from the trough of the truck 100 in the pantry 2 the attachment 1 poured, from there it falls onto the road and / or path substructure. This process is carried out by the distribution unit if necessary 17th supported.

The truck drives to apply the surface layer 100 with raised trough 101 and with the hitch attached and filled with building material 1 in working direction R. along the road and / or path substructure. The attachment moves here 1 When starting up, due to the wedge-shaped gap, initially on the one already from the storage room 2 building material that has fallen on the road and / or path substructure (see in particular 5 and 6th ). The attachment is in place after it has been fully opened 1 flat on the already applied building material. The pourable building material is removed from the storage room during the further movement 2 down on the road and / or path substructure and distributed by the attachment device 2 trained peel edge 32 peeled off, so that a top layer with the specified layer thickness on the road and / or path substructure H is applied.

When moving in the working direction R. becomes the pantry 2 the attachment 1 continuously with building material from the hollow 101 filled. If necessary, the distribution unit can be used at the same time 17th with distribution screw 18th operated to ensure an even application of building material.

If a transverse slope of the top layer to be produced is desired, the attachment device 1 , especially before pouring the building material into the storage room 2 and / or before starting, by means of the two adjustment devices 20th adjusted so that in addition to the angle of attack W. the attachment 1 also a defined transverse inclination of the attachment device 1 arises.

If the cover layer to be produced is to have a roof profile in lateral cross-section, both or at least one of the profile sheets are used 30th on the ground 14th the adjustment space 8th the attachment 1 swiveled out downwards and, if necessary, the corresponding fall plate or plates 7th on the side walls 3 the attachment 1 drove down.

The slope and roof profile can be set or adjusted both before and during the application of the top layer.

List of reference symbols

1

Attachment device

2

Pantry

3

Side wall

4th

Baffle plate

4a

Inclined section of the baffle plate 4th

4b

Vertical section of the baffle plate 4th

5

Front of the baffle 4th

6th

Back of the baffle 4th

7th

Drop plate

7a

Mechanism for drop plate 7th

8th

Adjustment space

9

Fender

10

Fastening unit

11

Mounting bar

11a

First mounting bar

11b

Second mounting beam

12

Connection chains

13

Fastener

13a

Cylinder for locking the fasteners 13

14th

ground

14a

Floor pan

17th

Distribution unit

18th

Distribution screw

19th

Hydraulic motor

19a

Drive mechanism for distribution screw 18th

20th

Adjusting device

20a

First adjustment device

20b

Second adjustment device

21st

Second adjustment element

22nd

First adjustment element

23

Hydraulic motor

25th

Control box

30th

Profile sheet

31

Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder

32

Peel edge

100

Trucks

101

Trough of the truck 100

A.

Working position

F.

Transport position

R.

Working direction

L.

lateral direction

D.

Pivot bearing

V

Height of the attachment point P

P

Attachment point on the rearmost axle of the truck 100

W.

Angle of attack

H

Height of the pivot point D. in zero position

H

Layer thickness

X

Rotation axis for profile sheets 30th

Claims (13)

Attachment device (1) for a truck (100) for applying a top layer of pourable building material on a road and / or path substructure comprising a) a storage room (2) for receiving and distributing pourable building material, a1) wherein the storage room (2) after The attachment device (1) is open at the front in an intended working direction (R) and downwards and on its rear side in the working direction (R) by a baffle plate (4) inclined downwards at least in sections in the working direction (R) with a storage space ( 2) facing front side (5) and a rear side (6) facing away from the storage space (2) and delimited on its lateral sides by side walls (3), b) an adjustment space (8) in which two are laterally spaced to the working direction (R) Adjusting devices (20), a first adjusting device (20a) and a second adjusting device (20b) are arranged, b1) wherein the adjusting space (8) in the working direction (R) behind the storage room aum (2) is arranged and is delimited to the front by the rear side (6) of the baffle plate (4) and downward by a base (14) and on its lateral sides by the side walls (3), b2) with both adjusting devices (20 ) between the baffle plate (4) and the bottom (14) having extending first adjusting element (22) with a longitudinal axis, on which or with which a second adjusting element (21) is attached in a height-adjustable manner along the longitudinal axis, c) a fastening unit (10) for fastening the attachment device (1) to the rearmost axle of the truck ( 100), c1) wherein the fastening unit (10) has two attachment beams (11), a first attachment beam (11a) and a second attachment beam (11b), which extend from the storage space (2) through the baffle plate (4) into the adjustment space ( 8) are guided, c2) a fastening element (13) is arranged at a first end of each attachment beam (11), via which the attachment beam (11) is attached or can be attached to the rearmost axle of the truck (100), c3) wherein a the second end of the first mounting bar (11a) opposite the first end is attached to the second adjusting element (21) of the first adjusting device (20a), c4) wherein a second end opposite the first end d the second mounting beam (11b) is attached to the second adjusting element (21) of the second adjusting device (20b), and c5) each mounting beam (11) rotatably between its first end and its second end on a pivot bearing ( D) is stored. Mounting device (1) Claim 1 , wherein both mounting bars (11) and their pivot bearings (D) and both adjustment devices (20) with their adjustment elements (21, 22) are designed and arranged and connected to one another in such a way that the height adjustment of the second adjustment elements (21) is on the first Adjusting elements (22) of both adjusting devices (20) allow an adjustment of an angle of attack (W) of the attachment device (1) with respect to the working direction (R) before the start of the application of the top layer, the angle of attack (W) having a layer thickness (h) that of the road - or path substructure to be applied covering layer determines, and / or b) that the height adjustment of the second adjustment elements (21) on the first adjustment elements (22) of both adjustment devices (20) an adjustment in a lateral direction (L) transversely to the working direction (R) extending transverse inclination of the attachment device (1) with respect to a horizontal allows a corresponding transverse inclination of the on the road and / or path under construction to be applied or applied top layer. Mounting device (1) Claim 1 or 2 wherein the adjusting devices (20) each comprise a spindle drive, the first adjusting element (22) being a spindle and the second adjusting element (21) being a spindle nut and / or each comprising a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric drive. Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (14) has a downwardly pivotable profile plate (30) in two lateral sections spaced apart from one another and a fixed bottom plate (14a) between the lateral sections, each of the two pivotable profile plates (30) is pivotable about a pivot axis (X) which is arranged on or near the stationary base plate (14a) and extends in the working direction (R) and is designed to, in a pivoted-out state, a lateral direction (L) transversely to the working direction ( R) to bring about an extending bevel of the cover layer to be applied or applied to the road and / or path substructure in the respective section in relation to the section with the fixed floor panel element. Mounting device (1) Claim 4 , wherein the two profile sheets (30) are designed to predetermine cover layers with a roof profile that is triangular or trapezoidal in a lateral cross-section by corresponding pivoting. Mounting device (1) Claim 4 or 5 , the profile sheets (30) each being retractable and extendable by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder (31). Attachment device (1) according to one of the Claims 4 to 6th , wherein each side wall (3) has a downwardly extendable fall plate (7) which is designed and arranged in such a way that, in the swiveled-out state of the profile plate (30) facing the respective side wall (3), in the extended state, the side wall (3) in an area lying in front of the profiled sheet metal (30) in the working direction (R) is extended downwards in accordance with the pivoted profiled sheet metal (30). Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a lower edge of the baffle plate (4) at least partially adjoins an edge of the base (14) and the lower edge of the baffle plate (4) and / or the edge of the base (14) is a pull-off edge ( 32) for applied building material. Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the storage space (2) has a distribution unit (17) for distributing and / or conveying building material in the storage space (2). Mounting device (1) Claim 9 , wherein the distribution unit (17) comprises a motor-operated distribution screw (18) which extends transversely to the working direction (R) through the storage space (2). Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a control device is provided which is designed to detect an actual value of the angle of attack (W) and / or the transverse inclination of the attachment device (1) by means of sensors and / or by means of the adjustment devices (20) to control or regulate to a predetermined or predeterminable setpoint value. Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the construction of the attachment device (1) of baffle plate (14) and side walls (3) and base (14), with the storage space (2) open to the front and below, torsion-tolerant with regard to the Adjusting devices (20) resulting torsional forces on the attachment device (1). Lorry (100) with an attached attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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