DE202020101709U1 - Spark separating device, air cleaning device with a spark separating device and laser processing machine with such an air cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

Spark separator for separating sparks and / or metal particles in contaminated air, which is produced in a processing machine (1), in particular a laser processing machine for processing workpieces (8), with a cutting beam (3), characterized in that a housing (55) is provided with an air inlet (52) and an air outlet (53) is provided and between the air inlet (52) and the air outlet (53) a separation chamber (59) with at least one separation device (61) is provided to form a flow path.

Description

The invention relates to a spark separating device for separating sparks in contaminated air and to an air cleaning device for a processing machine, in particular a laser processing machine, with a spark separating device and a laser processing machine for processing workpieces which comprise an air cleaning device.

From the WO 2013/178281 A1 a laser processing machine for processing plate-shaped workpieces is known. This laser processing machine comprises a workpiece holder for supporting the plate-shaped workpieces, which are processed with a cutting beam which is directed onto the plate-shaped material by means of a processing head and can be moved relative thereto. A suction chamber is provided underneath the workpiece support in order to extract the contaminated air generated during the cutting process. The suction chamber is connected to an air cleaning device via a suction channel. The contaminated air is fed in the air cleaning device to a particle separation device and subsequently to a filter device before the cleaned air is released into the environment via an outlet duct.

A laser cutting machine is known from JPH 09-174276 A, which is fed to a pre-filter in the contaminated air generated during the cutting process via a suction channel. This pre-filter consists of porous ceramic plates and an upstream protective grille for separating cutting particles.

During the machining process of the workpiece with a laser beam, sparking or heated metal particles can occur. These can damage filter plates in filter devices.

The invention has for its object to propose a simple and inexpensive spark separator and an air cleaning device with such a spark separator and a laser processing machine with such an air cleaning device.

This object is achieved by a spark separating device which has a housing with an air inlet and an air outlet, a separating chamber having at least one separating device for forming a flow path being provided between the air inlet and the air outlet. This spark separation device can be positioned in a simple manner between a suction chamber assigned to the workpiece support or workpiece clamping device of a processing machine and an air cleaning device, so that when contaminated air is supplied, which arises during the processing process, sparks are prevented from entering the air cleaning device. The spark separating device separates sparks and / or hot metal particles, which are removed from the contaminated air from the suction chamber, from the contaminated air by the spark separating device, so that only the contaminated air without sparks and / or heated metal particles is fed to the air cleaning device. This can minimize a fire risk or other risk of damage.

It is preferably provided that the spark separating device in the separating chamber has a deflection path between the air inlet and the air outlet, in which the flow path is deflected at least once by at least 45 °. A reduction in the flow rate of the contaminated air and thus a separation of sparks and / or hot metal particles from the flow of the contaminated air can thereby be achieved.

Advantageously, the at least one spark separating device in the separating chamber comprises at least one baffle plate and / or a deflection and / or a cyclone separator, which are provided in the flow path of the contaminated air or at least partially deflect the flow path of the contaminated air. A simple construction of the separation chamber can be designed as baffle plates or deflections as separation devices.

Furthermore, the separating device can comprise a grid which is permeable to the polluted air, but which retains sparks and / or metal particles. The grating is preferably oriented transversely to the flow path of the contaminated air.

Furthermore, a collecting container can preferably be connected to the housing below the separation chamber of the spark separating device. As a result, sparks and / or metal parts separated from the contaminated air can be easily disposed of.

A first baffle plate is preferably assigned to the air inlet within the separation chamber, through which the flow path of the contaminated air can be deflected downwards by at least 45 ° and at least one second baffle plate is provided perpendicular to the flow path of the air inlet, preferably following the first baffle plate, through which the flow path towards that of the housing opening of the deposition chamber assigned collection container is deflected. This is followed by at least one further deflection by at least 60 ° of the flow path, so that the contaminated air flows through a grille upstream of the air outlet. This can make it possible to reliably separate sparks as well as to select metal parts.

The collecting container can preferably be connected in an airtight manner to the housing opening assigned to the separation chamber. This enables the flow of contaminated air to be maintained to pass through the spark trap.

Advantageously, the collecting container can be releasably fastened to the separation chamber by means of quick-release fasteners and / or the collecting container can be moved on rollers to the separation chamber in the housing. This can enable the collection container to be emptied quickly.

The object on which the invention is based is further achieved by an air cleaning device for a processing machine, in particular a laser processing machine, for processing plate-shaped workpieces on a workpiece support, which comprises a dedusting device with a suction opening to which a suction channel of a suction chamber assigned to the workpiece support of the processing machine can be connected, wherein a spark separating device is provided according to one of the above-described embodiments, which can be connected to the suction opening of the dedusting device and which flows through the contaminated air before entering the dedusting device through the spark separating device. This arrangement enables the fire risk and / or the risk of damage to the air cleaning device to be reduced or prevented.

Furthermore, a suction opening is preferably provided on the housing of the dedusting device, which forms an interface which can be connected to the air outlet of the spark separating device which is designed as a complementary interface. This enables the spark separating device to be easily installed on the dedusting device. In addition, the spark separating device can be easily retrofitted if a user wishes to convert his production to a cutting machining process, in particular a laser machining process, which comprises a higher fire risk due to the spark formation. In addition, there can also be a simplification in the transport of the air cleaning device, since the dedusting device and the spark separating device can be transported separately from one another and can subsequently be connected to one another in a simple manner.

Furthermore, the suction opening of the dedusting device can preferably be closed with a closure element, preferably detachable fastening means. This enables the air cleaning device to be operated only as a dedusting device or is prepared in a simple manner for the connection of a spark separating device.

The air cleaning device preferably has at least one deflection by at least 45 °, preferably by at least 90 °, downstream of the suction opening for the flow path. As a result, process reliability can be further increased by selecting sparks and / or metal particles from the contaminated air.

The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a laser processing machine for processing workpieces, which comprises a workpiece support for receiving the plate-shaped workpieces, and at least one processing head, through which a cutting beam for processing the workpiece is directed and directed onto the workpiece and with a the suction chamber assigned to the workpiece support, which is provided opposite the machining head to the workpiece support, from which a suction channel for contaminated air leads to an air cleaning device, the air cleaning device being designed according to one of the above-described embodiments. The workpiece support can be formed, for example, by a grating support, ball or brush support or as a clamping device for the workpiece. The air cleaning device can thus be equipped with or without a spark separating device, and by connecting the spark separating device to a suction channel for contaminated air, increased security is made possible in particular in a laser cutting process by the separation of sparks and / or hot metal parts in the spark separating device.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer Laserbearbeitungsmaschine,
• 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Luftreinigungsvorrichtung der Laserbearbeitungsmaschine gemäß 2, und
• 3 eine schematische Schnittansicht der Luftreinigungsvorrichtung gemäß 2.

The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described and explained in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings. The features to be gathered from the description and the drawings can be used according to the invention individually or in groups in any combination. Show it:

• 1 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a laser processing machine,
• 2nd a perspective view of an air cleaning device of the laser processing machine according to 2nd , and
• 3rd is a schematic sectional view of the air cleaning device according to 2nd .

In 1 is schematically a processing machine 1 for the thermal processing of a workpiece 8th shown. 1 shows for example a laser cutting machine. Laser welding machines or combined punch-laser cutting machines are further examples of machines for thermal processing. The laser cutting machine 1 has a CO2 laser or a solid-state laser as a beam generator 2nd as well as a processing head 4th and a preferably grid-shaped workpiece support 5 which is only shown schematically. This workpiece support 5 defines the working area of the laser cutting machine 1 . On the workpiece support 5 is a workpiece 8th arranged. By the jet generator 2nd a laser cutting beam is generated, which with the aid of deflection mirrors (not shown) is used as the beam generator 2nd serving CO2 laser or with the help of a (not shown) fiber optic cable from a beam generator 2nd serving solid-state laser to the machining head 4th is led. The cutting beam 3rd is by means of one in the processing head 4th arranged focusing optics on the workpiece 8th directed.

The machining head 4th is also using cutting gases 10th , for example oxygen and / or nitrogen. Alternatively or additionally, compressed air or application-specific gases can also be provided. The use of the individual gases depends on the material of the workpiece to be machined 8th and depending on the quality requirements for the cut edges. Furthermore, an air cleaning device 11 provided with a suction chamber 13 connected is. This suction chamber is located below the workpiece support 5 .

When cutting the workpiece 8th Using oxygen as the cutting gas, the material of the workpiece 8th melted and largely oxidized. When using inert gases such as nitrogen or argon, the material is only melted. The resulting melt particles are then optionally blown down together with the iron oxides and together with the cutting gas via the suction chamber 13 extracted as contaminated air and via an air duct 18th the air cleaning device 11 fed.

This polluted air is removed after passing through the air cleaning device 11 as cleaned air via an outlet duct 6 released to the environment.

For machining at multiple locations on a workpiece 8th can perform the machining head 4th (for example using a traverse 12 ) during the machining process in one, two or three dimensions, i.e. in the X, Y or Z direction, on the workpiece to be machined 8th be guided along. In this regard, linear drives 7a , 7b , 7c on the laser cutting machine 1 be provided.

Which is below the work area 5 the laser cutting machine 1 suction chamber 13 can be divided into several areas or sub-chambers by partition plates, not shown. In the suction chamber 13 are one or more flaps arranged in series with each other 15 provided to the air duct 18th to lead. These shutters 15 can also be assigned to a partial chamber or a partial area. Only that closure flap is preferred in each case 15 opened, which is assigned to the cutting process. This coordination of the movement of the shutters 15 with the movement of the cutting head 4th is via a control device 17th controlled. This control device 17th also gives the contour of the cutting gap 9 before by the linear drives 7a to 7c as well as the jet generator 2nd controls accordingly.

By opening only one flap 15 the suction power of the air cleaning device 11 on that flap 15 associated sub-chamber is concentrated, in which flue gases, suspended particles such as metal particles and / or sparks are formed just by the cutting processing. The total volume to be extracted can also be kept small in this way. This contaminated air is channeled through the air duct 18th from the suction chamber 13 to the air cleaning device 11 guided.

In 2nd is schematically enlarged the air purification device 11 shown. This air purifier 11 includes a dedusting device 21st and a spark separator 51 . The air duct 18th is at an air inlet 52 the spark separator 51 connected. The supplied contaminated air flows through the spark separator 51 and passes through an air outlet 53 to an intake opening 22 the dedusting device 21st . After cleaning the polluted air in the dedusting device 21st is cleaned air through the outlet opening 23 released into the environment.

For connecting the spark arrester 51 to the dedusting device 21st is an interface 25th provided, which on the one hand through the suction opening 22 and on the other hand through the air outlet 53 is formed. This allows the spark separator 51 in a simple manner, preferably via detachable fastening means, with the dedusting device 21st get connected. The dedusting device 21st is around the spark separator if necessary 51 expandable. Should be a spark arrester 51 The air duct can not be provided or necessary 18th directly to the suction opening 22 the dedusting device 21st be connected. For this purpose, a cladding element is preferably provided, which on the one hand is the suction opening 22 the dedusting device 21st closes and on the other hand a connection for the air duct 18th enables. In cross section, this is preferably smaller than the air outlet opening 53 the spark separator 51 for connection to the dedusting device 21st .

The spark separator 51 includes a housing 55 . At a lower case opening 56 of the housing 55 is a collection container 57 for sparks, dust particles, metal particles or other particles provided by the spark separator 51 be segregated. The collection container 57 is preferably by a quick release arrangement, not shown, on the housing 55 attachable.

Preferably, the collection container 47 airtight with the housing opening 56 of the housing 55 connected. A collection container can be used for easy disposal of the separated particles 57 Have rollers for a movement or be arranged to be movable on a carriage provided with rollers.

In 3rd is a schematic sectional view of the air cleaning device 11 according to 2nd shown. The spark separator 51 points between the air intake 52 and the air outlet 53 a separation chamber 59 on. Below this separation chamber 59 is the collection container 57 assigned. In the separation chamber 59 are separators 61 intended. In the exemplary embodiment are as a separation device 61 first a first baffle 62 and a second baffle 63 as well as a grid 64 intended. This is just one of several exemplary embodiments of the separators 61 Regardless of the design and arrangement as well as the number of separators 61 includes the separation chamber 59 for the contaminated air, a flow path with a deflection of at least 45 °.

The first baffle 62 is preferably at an angle of 45 ° to the air inlet 52 aligned. The second baffle 53 connects to the first baffle 62 and separates a direct passage between the air intake 52 and the air outlet 53 . By lining up the first and second baffle plates 62 , 63 the flow path is deflected by 90 ° in the direction of the collecting container 57 . This is followed by a further deflection of the flow path by at least 45 °, preferably 60 or 90 °, so that the flow path is again directed upwards. On the second baffle 63 a grid closes 64 which, for example, at a 45 ° angle to the air outlet 53 is aligned. As a result, the particles and / or sparks carried in the contaminated air can be collected and by gravity into the collecting container 57 reach.

A third baffle is preferred 65 provided, which is on the second baffle 63 connects so that the polluted air completely exits the air outlet 53 is fed and from there into the dedusting device 21st can flow in.

The dedusting device 21st preferably has a deflection module 27th on. This redirection module 27th includes at least a 90 ° deflection along the flow path for the contaminated air. This deflection can be done by separators 61 be educated. This can result in a further increase in process reliability. The contaminated air then enters a filter device 31 . This filter device 31 may include a raw gas chamber and a clean gas chamber. Only one chamber can also be provided. There are filter mats in the chamber or chambers 32 provided, through which dust particles are filtered. Coarser particles can turn over a particle slide 33 in a collection container 34 be carried down and collected. Via a turbine 38 the contaminated air can pass through the filter device 31 sucked and then cleaned through the outlet opening 23 be dissipated into the environment. Before leaving the environment can be in the outlet 23 another fine filter 39 and / or a cooling section can be provided.

The dedusting device 21st can also have a configuration such as this in the WO 2013/178281 A1 , especially in 3rd , is described. Full reference is made to this embodiment. This dedusting device comprises a particle separating device upstream of the filter device and can be equipped with a spark separating device 51 be connected as described above. The suction opening of the dedusting device in accordance with this embodiment 3rd the WO 2013/178281 A1 can cross-section to the air outlet 53 the spark separator 51 be adapted or vice versa. Alternatively, a connecting piece can also be provided between them.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• WO 2013/178281 A1 [0002, 0035]

Claims (14)

Spark separator for separating sparks and / or metal particles in contaminated air, which is produced in a processing machine (1), in particular a laser processing machine for processing workpieces (8), with a cutting beam (3), characterized in that a housing (55) is provided with an air inlet (52) and an air outlet (53) is provided and between the air inlet (52) and the air outlet (53) a separation chamber (59) with at least one separation device (61) is provided to form a flow path. Spark separator after Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one separating device (61) forms a deflection path between the air inlet (52) and the air outlet (53), in which a flow path of the contaminated air is deflected at least once by at least 45 °. Spark separator after Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that the separating device (61) comprises at least one baffle plate (62, 63) and / or at least one deflection and / or at least one baffle plate (65) and / or at least one cyclone separator. Spark separator after Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that the separating device (61) comprises a grid (64) which is oriented transversely to the flow path of the contaminated air. Spark separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a collecting container (57) can be connected to the housing (55) below the separating chamber (61). Spark separator according to one of the Claims 3 to 5 , characterized in that a first baffle plate (62) is assigned to the air inlet (52) of the housing (55) in the separation chamber (59), through which the flow path is deflected at least 45 ° down towards the collecting container (57) and the The first baffle plate (62) is assigned at least one second baffle plate (63), which is oriented perpendicular to the flow path of the air inlet (52) and preferably adjoins the first baffle plate (62) and that has at least one grille (64) connected upstream of the air outlet (53) ) is provided. Spark separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collecting container (57) can be connected in an airtight manner to a housing opening (56) of the housing (55). Spark separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collecting container (57) is detachably fastened to the housing (55) by quick-release fasteners. Spark separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collecting container (57) is provided so as to be movable on rollers relative to the housing (55). Air cleaning device for a processing machine (1), in particular a laser cutting machine, for processing workpieces (8) on a workpiece support (5), - with a dedusting device (21) which has a suction opening (22) in a housing (24) at which a Air duct (18) can be connected by a suction chamber (13) assigned to the workpiece support (5), - with a particle separator (29) and / or a filter device (31) through which the contaminated air can be sucked in via the suction channel (22) and which cleaned air is supplied to an outlet opening (23) and released into the environment, characterized in that - a spark separating device (51) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 It is provided which can be connected to the suction opening (22) of the dedusting device (21) and that the contaminated air from the suction chamber (13) flows through the spark separating device (51) before entering the dedusting device (21). Air purification device after Claim 10 , characterized in that the suction opening (21) on the housing (24) of the dedusting device (21) forms an interface (25) which can be connected to the air outlet (53) of the housing (55) of the spark separator (51) as a complementary interface. Air purification device after Claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that the suction opening (21) of the dedusting device (21) can be closed with a closure element, preferably by means of detachable fastening elements. Air purification device according to one of the Claims 10 to 12 , characterized in that the dedusting device (21) is preceded by a deflection module (27) to which the spark separating device (51) can be connected and this deflection device (27) comprises at least one deflection by at least 45 ° of the flow path. Laser processing machine for processing workpieces (8), - with a workpiece support (5) for receiving the workpieces (8), - with at least one processing head (4), through which a cutting beam (3) for processing the workpiece (8) is directed and directed onto the workpiece (8), - with a suction chamber (13) arranged below the workpiece support (5), from which an air guide channel (18) feeds contaminated air to an air cleaning device (11), characterized in that - the air cleaning device (11) according to one of the Claims 10 to 13 is trained.

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