DE202019000496U1 - Torrefikator for damp material - Google Patents

Abstract

Torrefikator for moist material with hot distillate in air-technical construction, where
(1) a line (9) for superheated steam and
(2) a separation stage TU (7) are provided as a batch with heat exchange means, the moist material (8) one, the superheated steam in the pipeline (9) the other heat exchange medium.

Description

The invention is concerned with wet material toric dampers with hot distillates of wet material to utilize the distillation for increasing solids and calorific value in solids and to obtain excess vapor when drying goods, thus between a frit and a liquid in the equipment segment the experimental equipment for smaller, representative quantities and minimum humidity dry distillation is possible with wet material and sewage sludge.

Furthermore, a Torrefikator for increasing the calorific values of organic material from documents of the companies Heckmann and Fraunhofer with the evaporation of 45 kg H ₂ O is known, after which the moist material is mechanically held in a hot atmosphere of vapors and dried. For smaller devices and for the execution in separation stages TU and an exploitation of the evaporation efficiency in separation stages as well as a cooling of the excess energy formed according to the first law, further measures are necessary.

Further, phosphorus P, based on the amount of 2 g P per ECW (population equivalent) and day in sewage sludge, according to the sewage sludge regulation § 3, 3a to 3d, the phosphorus from sewage sludge ash by extraction or dry sewage sludge by distillation to separate. Further, the invention is concerned with the apparatus for producing anhydrous material to allow separation of the phosphor P from a material layer in sewage sludge by dry distillation at higher temperatures.

Namely, it is necessary for phosphorus P to separate the phosphorus from the dried material before using the sewage sludge as fuel. It is known from the physical properties that the water is evaporated at 100 ° C and anthropogenic phosphorus is released by sublimation at 363 ° C as a distillate of solid material at ambient pressure. Further information: Safety data sheet for P ₂ O ₅ .

Next is a dryer for moist heated material from the publication DE 29 43 528 C2 in which by the heating an inert gas is formed from water vapor, the steam is used for drying in a circuit and the material is heated indirectly via heating surfaces. For the construction of smaller devices, in particular for the direct heating of the moist material to form distillate and for the separation of the phosphorus P from sewage sludge, further measures are necessary.

The protection specified in claim 1 invention is in the drying and torrefication of wet material samples in small devices according to the prior art of evaporation and condensation in steam atmosphere, for the treatment of small samples based on the problem to achieve the higher calorific values and for use the surplus energy, according to the first law of thermodynamics, in the construction of equipment to provide a higher performance in small devices with the execution in stages, with superheated steam implementation of the first law of thermodynamics and energy conservation by condensation of the generated steam in the public interest and for climate protection.

This problem is solved by the features listed in protection claim 1, with a Torrefikator for moist material with hot distillate in aeraulic design, in which a pipeline for superheated steam and a separation stage TU are provided as a batch with heat exchange means, the wet material one, the superheated steam the other heat exchange medium and in particular a heater for superheated steam is provided.

Advantageous developments and embodiments of the invention are possible by the, in the dependent claims 2 to 7 measures.

1. a) Doppelter Klimaschutz: Nutzung der CO2 freien Energie und die Vermeidung der dampfförmigen Immission,
2. b) Statt Immissionen - Gewinnung von Dampf und heißem Kondensat, CO₂-frei nach dem 1. Hauptsatz der Wärmelehre,
3. c) die Baugröße als Batch- und Tischgerät, Nennmenge > 0,5 kg feuchtes Material,
4. d) die Verdampfungsleistung mit 700 kg/m² Destillatmenge pro Stunde,
5. e) die Erzeugung von Brennstoff 0,15 kg aus 0,5 kg feuchtem Material,
6. f) temperaturabhängige Destillat Bildung in dem Batch-Gerät,
7. g) die Vermeidung der CO₂ Emissionen von 53.600 t pro Jahr bei 1.400.000 EGW und der Klimaschutz, s.u. (19.600 + 34.000) t.
8. h) die Wertschöpfung bei Klärschlamm: 458 CHF pro t TS. S.u.
9. i) die Gesundheitsvorsorge und Beseitigung der Enterobacteriaceen;
10. j) die trockene Destillation, sauberes Destillat und Gewässerschutz.

The advantages achieved by the invention for Torrefikation consist in the batchwise evaporation / distillation in separation stages TU, in devices as Torrefikator and in combination with a quench cooler according to F28C 3/06, the CO ₂ free energy in the excess steam, after the first law of thermodynamics, to win and to relieve the climate by the use of energy. Further advantages of the batch device according to C02F 11/128 (of batch process):

1. a) Double climate protection: use of CO2-free energy and avoidance of vapor emissions,
2. b) Instead of immissions - extraction of steam and hot condensate, CO ₂ -free according to the 1st law of thermodynamics,
3. c) the size as a batch and table device, nominal quantity> 0.5 kg wet material,
4. d) the evaporation rate with 700 kg / m ² amount of distillate per hour,
5. e) the production of fuel 0.15 kg from 0.5 kg wet material,
6. f) temperature-dependent distillate formation in the batch device,
7. g) the avoidance of CO ₂ emissions of 53,600 tons per year at 1,400,000 EGW and climate protection, see below (19,600 + 34,000) tons.
8. h) Added value for sewage sludge: CHF 458 per t DM. Su
9. i) health care and elimination of enterobacteriaceae;
10. j) dry distillation, clean distillate and water protection.

An essential feature of the invention is the Torrefikator with distillate of moist material in it, distillates, which were originally caused by separation as a steam, to heat and provide the separation stage TU as a batch for the decrease of the energy generated. Advantage: Climate protection and the conservation of CO ₂ -free energy according to the first law of thermodynamics in distilled water; Ecology and the simplicity of batch operation.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is in protection claim 2 specified. The development according to claim 2 makes it possible to operate the Torrefikation in a separation stage TU with steam from a superheated steam heater to intensify the transmission power in a separation stage TU. Advantage: small devices for batches with high evaporation performance. (Batches: drying batches)

Advantage is the high energy density of superheated steam at 782.7 kcal / kg at 400 ° C compared to the air with 96 kcal / kg air at 400 ° C and the intense distillate formation in the boundary layers to allow better heat transfer in the separation stages TU ,

The main advantage: The evaporation rate at 1.25 Nm / sec and 1 m ² , for superheated steam: 300 ° C / 734.0 kcal / kg 510 kg / h per m2 TU at superheated steam: 350 ° C / 758.2 kcal / kg 644 kg / h per m2 TU for superheated steam: 400 ° C / 782.7 kcal / kg 778 kg / h per m2 TU

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in protection claim 3. The development according to claim 3 makes it possible to provide a quench cooler to allow excess energy, the recovery of purified saturated steam and / or hot water </ = 100 ° C. Advantage: Matching of the batch functions according to F28C 3/06 from Quench Kühl to the Torrefikator after C02F 11/128.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in protection claim 4. The development according to claim 4 makes it possible to form the Torrefikator as a device with a housing to announce the climate protection instead of complex systems according to Fraunhofer, on an apparatus guide. Advantage: simple, graphical documentation with the nominal data: high 0.7 m; Width 0.5 m ^∅ ; Steam connections, 2 pieces 40 mm ^∅ ; Steam, nominal quantity 14.5 Nm ³ / h; Details in 1 ,

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in protection claim 5. The development according to claim 5 makes it possible to enable safe use of Torrefikators with an insulation of the housing. Advantage: protection against contact and precautions, safety.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in protection claim 6. The development according to claim 6 makes it possible to provide a removal line for distillates to forward the distillate of a further treatment. Advantage: safety and pressureless operation of the batch devices.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in protection claim 7. The development according to claim 7 makes it possible, the state of the concentrate in Torrefikation in temperature transducers TI to diagnose. Advantage: Instead of drying in a constant vapor atmosphere according to Fraunhofer, the batch process according to C02F 11/128 is temperature-dependent in separation stages TU.

• 1 Gerät in atmosphärischer Bauweise zur Torrefikation

Further advantages of the invention result from the coordination of climate protection on the local costs (CHF / kWh) for energy and are shown as a drawing and as a numerical example of a sewage treatment plant. Show it:

• 1 Device in atmospheric construction for torrefication

1. (1) am Beispiel von Werdhölzli Zürich eine Schlammprobe von 1 kg, anteilig 0,7 kg H₂O durch Torrefikation als getrocknete Füllung 12, batch-weise als Brennstoff für Zementwerke gewonnen wird,
2. (2) in der Trennstufe aus der Feuchte ein Destillat und durch Kondensation eine CO₂ frei Abwärme, in einem Quench Kühler 13 nach F28C 3/06, mit einem Ventilator 14 gewonnen wird,
3. (3) mit der Nutzung des Wasserdampfes das Klima entlastet ist und
4. (4) Phosphor P oberhalb 365 °C als Destillat trennbar ist.

A device for the distillation of moisture with superheated steam is in 1 shown as apparatus plan, which consists of a housing 1 , a supply line 2 for steam, a steam pipe 3 for steam and distillate from the moisture, from a safety opening 4 , inside the case 1 a superheated steam heater 5 with fluidizable bulk material 6 , a separation step 7 TU for batch operation, consisting of the heat exchange media, wet material 8th the one, the superheated steam 9 the other, from temperature pickups 10 and an insulation 11 , at a height around (0.5 m - 1.5 m) and a diameter at (0.4-0.6 m) is constructed in such a way that

1. (1) using the example of Werdhölzli Zürich a sludge sample of 1 kg, proportionately 0.7 kg H ₂ O by torrefication as a dried filling 12 , obtained batch by batch as fuel for cement plants,
2. (2) in the separation stage from the moisture a distillate and by condensing a CO ₂ free waste heat, in a quench cooler 13 to F28C 3/06, with a fan 14 is won,
3. (3) with the use of water vapor the climate is relieved and
4. (4) Phosphor P above 365 ° C is separable as distillate.

In addition to the equipment plan shown are other installations and additional accessories, such as a return line 16 of vapors, possible, which are not listed in detail. It is important that in the device an indirect heating of the steam via electric 15 or with gas in order to achieve the advantages of the invention in batch operation.

The advantage is the increase in the calorific values and the diagnosis of batch-wise drying with temperature sensors 10 in the production of a fuel.

1. (1) den Brennstoff zur Substitution von Braunkohle oder Erdöl sowie
2. (2) die CO₂, freie Nutzung von Destillat als Dampf und/oder heißes Wasser.

Major advantage: the climate protection achieved by

1. (1) the fuel used to substitute lignite or petroleum and
2. (2) the CO ₂ , free use of distillate as steam and / or hot water.

Further advantages arise with performance data from Zurich Werdhölzli savings Werdhölzli 70,000 tH ₂ O × 1,000 × 0.72 kWh * 0.1 Rp CHF 5,040,000 / year 70,000 t * 1,000 * 0,72 * 0,39 CO ₂ / kWh 19,656 t-CO ₂ / year Mud TS: 30,000 t * 2500/860 * 0.39 34,011 t-CO ₂ / year Ecology, distilled water 70,000 t distillate / year

Immissionsschutz / Savings - Werdhölzli at 100% humidity (H ₂ O) Climate gas 70,000 * 1,000 * 1,7 (steam) 119,000,000 m ^{3 of} waste gas / year Global warming 70,000 * 1,000 * 0,72 50,400 MWh (immission) The special waste of the scrubber is avoided. Ecology: saving of fuel in the cement industry Lignite: 30,000 t * 0.5 15,000 t of brown coal (lignite) The air conditioning values at 50,000 EEC Phosphorus P 100 kg / day Mud TS: 3 t 3,000 kg / day Evaporation: 7 t 7,000 kg / day Ecological / climate-technical savings according to the 1st law 7,000 kg × 0.72 kWh / kg * 0.1 CHF 504 CHF / day * - 184,000 CHF / year 7,000 kg * 0.72 kWh / kg * 0.39 CO ₂ / kWh 1.965 t-CO ₂ / day Ecology through distilled water 7 t distillate / day *) Added value Ecological saving of fuel From 3 t of mud: 3 * 0.5 1.5 t of brown coal in the cement works Cost, based on heating oil 0.1 CHF / kWh CHF 872 / day * (318,000) CHF / year CO2 savings 3 t * 1.78 t-CO2 / t 5.34 t CO ₂ / day Disposal at 94 CHF / m ³ : 10 * 94 940 CHF / day (343,000) CHF / year Saving: disposal + fuel + 1st law 845,000 CHF / year CO ₂ savings: 5.34 t + 1.96 t = 7.3 t / day 2,664 T CO ₂ / year

ecology 7 t H ₂ O * 1000 * 0.72 kWh / kg H ₂ O 5.04 MWh / day of steam immissions Avoidance d. Exhaust gas 7000/18 * 22.41 8,715 Nm ³ / day as exhaust steam Recovery of clean distillate 7 m ³ H ₂ O / day

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -

casing

2 -

Supply line, - for steam

3 -

Withdrawal line, for Fortdampf

4 -

opening

5 -

Superheated steam heater

6 -

bulk

7 -

Separation stage TU (Transfer Unit)

8th -

damp material

9 -

Hot steam, - line

10 -

Temperature transducer

11 -

insulation

12 -

dried filling, material filling

13 -

Quench cooler

14 -

fan

15 -

Heating, electric

16 -

Return line, pipeline for

Batch and batch process - Batches according to C02F 11/128, based on sewage sludge

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 2943528 C2 [0005]

Claims (7)

Torrefikator for moist material with hot distillate in air-technical construction, where (1) a line (9) for superheated steam and (2) a separation stage TU (7) are provided as a batch with heat exchange means, the moist material (8) one, the superheated steam in the pipeline (9) the other heat exchange medium. Torrefikator according to the above protection claim, wherein a heater (5) is provided for superheated steam. Torrefikator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a quench cooler (13) is provided for distillate. Torrefikator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a housing (1) is provided. Torrefikator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an insulation (11) is provided. Torrefikator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a sampling line (3) is provided. Torrefikator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein temperature sensors (10) are provided.

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