DE202018103595U1 - Electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Electric motor vehicle with a body (1), wheels (2), a battery (3) and at least one electric drive unit (4) for driving at least one wheel (2) by means of the electrical energy stored in the battery (3), wherein in the body (1) arranged in the direction of travel of the vehicle air duct (5) is arranged, in which at least one small wind turbine (6) for recovering electrical energy from the air flow in the air duct (5) is provided, wherein the recovered electrical energy into the battery (3) is fed, characterized in that at least three partial air ducts (50) are arranged side by side to the direction of travel, wherein in each partial air duct (50) at least one small wind turbine (6) is arranged.

Description

Electric vehicles are known in the art from various manufacturers. The fundamental problem with electromobility is the limited capacity of the electrical energy stored in the motor vehicle in the battery. Accordingly, the range of electric vehicles that are powered solely with stored electrical energy is very limited, since both the cost and weight reasons, the capacity of the battery can not be increased arbitrarily. Correspondingly, electric motor vehicles which have been established on the market and which are fed solely with stored electrical energy can reach maximum ranges of 100, 200 or perhaps 300 kilometers

The invention relates to an electric motor vehicle with a body, wheels, a battery and at least one electric drive unit for driving at least one wheel by means of stored in the battery electrical energy, wherein in the body an impinged in the direction of travel of the vehicle air duct is arranged, in which at least one Small wind turbine is provided for obtaining electrical energy from the air flow in the air duct, wherein the recovered electrical energy is fed into the battery. This generates electrical energy from the wind produced when driving, which is fed into the battery. Furthermore, electrical energy is also obtained in the state of the vehicle in the case of a possible air flow through the air duct, which in turn is fed into the battery. It is understood that the design of the electric motor vehicle with a separate air duct causes an increase in air resistance, which can only be partially converted back into electrical energy. Nevertheless, with this overall system, an increase in the range of an electric motor vehicle without separate drive means (hybrid vehicle) should be achievable.

Such a design is from the DE 20 2015 006 247 U1 described in the form of a Fahrtwind generator. Furthermore, such a power generating device in a vehicle from the
DE 10 2014 015 598 A1 known. In this document is of at least one drivable by the wind of the moving vehicle radial wheel coupled to at least one generator spoken. In the embodiments, inter alia, an embodiment with two units, each consisting of a radial wheel and a generator is described. The wind is passed through an opening on the front of the vehicle in the power generation unit and issued on the downstream side of the unit to the vehicle floor.

The object of the invention is therefore to further optimize an electric motor vehicle of the type mentioned in order to gain as efficiently as possible electrical energy from the air flow.

This problem is solved with an electric motor vehicle according to claim 1. Because at least three partial air ducts are arranged side by side to the direction of travel, wherein in each partial air duct at least a small wind turbine is arranged, the partial air ducts with at least one small wind turbine parallel to each other space in the direction of travel side by side and thus optimally flowed arranged.

In a preferred further embodiment, the at least three partial air channels are arranged horizontally next to one another and at least two layers of partial air channels are arranged one above the other. With at least three horizontally juxtaposed partial air ducts together with at least two vertically stacked layers of partial air ducts, ie at least six partial air ducts in total, an arrangement is proposed which can be accommodated in the front area, in particular under the area of the motor vehicle referred to in earlier combustion vehicles as "engine hood" , In electric vehicles, a bonnet in the conventional sense is no longer required. Nevertheless, a stem in front of the passenger compartment is also of high importance for safety reasons for head-on collisions. This space could thus be optimally utilized with the partial air ducts arranged side by side and one above the other in the direction of travel. In a further preferred embodiment, eight partial air ducts are provided next to one another and six partial air ducts one above the other, ie a total of 48 partial air ducts with a square cross section are provided at the inflow area. Such an arrangement of 48 partial air ducts can thus be accommodated as a compact unit in the region of the "bonnet" of an electric motor vehicle.

If the air duct has a funnel in a funnel shape at its upstream end, a larger part of the air flow to be displaced by the electric motor vehicle can be directed through the air duct, so that the energy yield of the respective small wind turbines can be increased.

In order to evaluate the air flow acting in the air duct or the partial air channels as efficiently as possible, a second, if necessary, a third and even a fourth small wind power plant is arranged in the air duct or in the partial air duct downstream of the first small wind power plant.

If the air duct or the partial air duct in the region of the first small wind turbine, a first cross-sectional constriction and in the region of the second Small wind turbine has a second cross-sectional constriction, wherein the cross-section in the first cross-sectional constriction is greater than the cross section in the second cross-sectional constriction, formed according to physical laws in the first cross-sectional constriction already an increase in flow velocity and also in the second cross-sectional constriction, so that a particularly effective implementation of Air flow into electrical energy is possible.

The fact that the small wind turbines are equipped as a dynamic pressure turbine with an air screw and a generator driven by it, the air flow is particularly efficient in a rotary motion and converted by the generator into electrical energy.

If the generator is mounted in an aerodynamically shaped housing on the longitudinal axis of the air duct or the partial air duct by means of at least one holder, the generator is indeed centrally in the air duct, but is aerodynamically favorable flows, the air flowing around can be used simultaneously to cool the generator.

In order to achieve a particularly efficient conversion of the air flow into rotation (mechanical energy) and with a generator or with several generators into electrical energy, the propeller almost completely passes over the cross section. This is preferably achieved by virtue of the fact that the air duct and / or the air ducts have a square cross-section in the region of the funnel-shaped wind catcher or a circular cross-section in the area of small wind turbines.

To charge the battery safely and efficiently, electrical regulators are provided between the generator (s) and the battery.

Hereinafter, two embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

• 1 in einer schematischen Skizze ein Elektrofahrzeug mit Luftkanal in einer Seitenansicht,
• 2 ein Elektrofahrzeug mit einem Luftkanal aufgeteilt in mehrere Teilluftkanäle als zweites Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 3 das Elektrofahrzeug gemäß 2 in Frontansicht,
• 4 ein Elektrofahrzeug mit mehreren Teilluftkanälen in einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel und
• 5 ein Elektrofahrzeug mit 48 Teilluftkanälen als weitere Ausführungsform in Frontansicht.

It shows:

• 1 in a schematic sketch of an electric vehicle with air duct in a side view,
• 2 an electric vehicle with an air duct divided into a plurality of partial air ducts as a second embodiment,
• 3 the electric vehicle according to 2 in front view,
• 4 an electric vehicle with several partial air ducts in a third embodiment and
• 5 an electric vehicle with 48 partial air ducts as a further embodiment in front view.

In 1 is a schematic side view of an electric motor vehicle with a body 1 , Wheels 2 , a battery 3 and an electric drive unit in the form of an electric motor 4.

The body 1 has an air duct 5 on, in the longitudinal direction 10 of the vehicle (this also corresponds to the direction of travel) is arranged in the vehicle. The air duct 5 has at its front end a wind catcher or wind funnel 53 on, the air flow impinging on the front of the electric vehicle L bundles and into the air duct 5 leads. In the air duct 5 is first a first cross-sectional constriction 51 trained in the first small wind turbine 61 is arranged.

This first small wind turbine 61 has an airscrew 65 , here three propellers behind each other 65 and a generator 64 on. Here are the propellers 65 mounted on a rotatable shaft leading to the generator 64 leads. This wave as well as the generator 64 are suitably streamlined in the air duct 5 supported. In the area of the housing of the generator 64 , which has conical inflow and conical outflow sides, has the air channel 5 an extension on, so the generator 64 can flow around aerodynamically favorable and no unnecessary flow resistance. Downstream of this first small wind turbine 61 is a second cross-sectional constriction 52 in the air duct 5 arranged in the second small wind turbine 62 for further exploitation of the air duct 5 guided air flow L having. The second small wind turbine 62 is also about suitable, aerodynamically favorable mounts within the air duct 5 attached.

Is now the electric motor vehicle of a flow of air L , exposed to the front of the vehicle, forms an air flow L inside the air duct 5 so the first small wind turbine 61 and subsequently the second small wind turbine 62 be set in rotation, bringing the generators 64 Generate electricity that they use electrical lines 31 to an electronic controller 30 transmitted, which performs an electronic charging current control and a regulated charging line 32 the battery 3 invites. From the battery 3 leads a supply line 41 to the electric motor 4 that the rear wheels 2 of the electric motor vehicle drives.

The air flow L can be triggered by driving the vehicle (wind) or by a wind-induced air flow. With that it is possible that the generators 64 the first and second small wind turbine 61 . 62 In addition to power generation while driving also allow power generation at standstill.

In 2 is an electric motor vehicle in an alternative embodiment to the electric motor vehicle according to 1 shown. In 2 not all components are renamed again, but functionally identical components are designated by the same reference numerals.

The schematic side view, partly cut, the 2 shows an electric motor vehicle with three superimposed partial air channels 50 , wherein in each partial air duct 50 a small wind turbine 6 is accommodated, in the illustrated embodiment of an air screw 65 with four impeller arrangements on one shaft, at the other end the generator 64 is arranged. Accordingly, electric wires are from the three generators 64 via regulator 30 and regulated charging line 32 to the battery 3 intended.

The air flow L leads to the generators 64 past, is subsequently united and via air duct outlet 54 spent at the rear of the vehicle.

The embodiment according to 2 is in 3 presented in a view on the front. The electric motor vehicle has a wind catcher or wind funnel in this embodiment 53 on, which makes up a large part of the front surface of the electric motor vehicle. In this wind catcher 53 becomes the airflow L bundled and on a total of 18 partial air channels 50 distributed, each having a square cross-section and via other individual funnels on a circular cross-section to the flow of the respective small wind turbines 6 in each partial air duct 50 are formed. In 3 This view is shown schematically, with each partial air duct 50 a three-bladed propeller 65 at every small wind turbine 6 is indicated.

In 4 a third embodiment of an electric motor vehicle is shown in a schematic side view, in turn, not all components are listed in detail and functionally identical components to the first two embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the third embodiment according to 4 are three superimposed partial air channels 50 provided, in each case as a small wind turbine or small wind turbine layout 6 three small wind turbines in a row in each subchannel 50 are arranged, namely a first small wind turbine 61 , a second small wind turbine 62 and finally at the end of the respective partial air channel 50 a third small wind turbine 63 , The through the partial air duct 50 flowing air flow L accordingly drives the small wind turbines accommodated therein. In the embodiment shown here, each small wind turbine 6 five propellers 65 on a shaft with associated generator 64 on. For the sake of clarity, of the nine generators shown 64 the required connection lines to a controller, not shown, and from there to the battery 3 and to an electric drive unit (also not shown) not explicitly listed, but belong to the electric motor vehicle according to the representations of the embodiments according to 1 or 2 ,

In 5 is in another embodiment, a view of the front of an electric motor vehicle with a wind catcher or wind funnel 53 represented in which this wind funnel 53 the airflow L on a total of 48 partial air channels 50 distributed, each of a square cross-sectional area of 10 × 10 cm ² to a circular cross section with 10 cm 0 to the flow of the respective small wind turbine 6 rejuvenate. Thus, the entire unit has an areal extent in the 5 shown frontal view of 80 cm wide and 60 cm high.

In a further embodiment, each of the 48 partial air channels 50 four small wind turbines arranged one behind the other 61 . 62 . 63 . 64 on, wherein the cross section in the respective partial air duct at each small wind turbine slightly decreases in the flow direction from front to back. In a preferred embodiment, the generator unit has a depth of 40 cm, namely in each case 10 cm per individual small wind turbine 61 . 62 . 63 , and 64 on. Thus, in this 80 × 60 × 40 cm ³ comprehensive unit
192 small wind turbines housed. This unit may be part of the fixtures in the hood, leaving enough space for the beginning behind the foot area of the passenger compartment and nevertheless an air outlet guide, either to the vehicle floor or to one or both sides of the vehicle is possible. The electrical power generated by the many small wind turbines is a suitable regulator as charging current to the battery 3 directed. For the rest, this view corresponds to the 3 , Functionally identical components are designated by the same reference numerals.

It should be noted that the sketches represent the principle of operation, with the training and leadership of the air duct 5 or the partial air channels 50 can be varied depending on the design of the motor vehicle and use of the interior. For example, the air duct could 5 along a the bodywork 1 reinforcing center tunnel are guided so that in addition to a body stiffening and a suitable guidance of the air masses is possible. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the small wind turbines 6 in the air duct 5 or the partial air channels 50 are designed so that they produce electricity even with reverse air flow. This is advantageous, for example, when the motor vehicle is exposed to a flow of air at standstill from the rear. In that case, the battery would be the same 3 of the electric motor vehicle to be charged.

Of course, this separate air duct arrangement with the small wind turbines only support the battery charging activity. In principle, the electric motor vehicle is to be charged via stationary charging stations in the usual way. However, the arrangement according to the invention allows additional air flows to be used for charging the battery. This can be done both while driving, as well as at a standstill (with wind stress).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

body

10

longitudinal direction

2

wheel

3

battery

30

regulator

31

management

32

regulated charging line

4

Electric drive unit, electric motor

41

Supply line, electric motor

5

air duct

50

Part air duct

51

first cross-sectional narrowing

52

second cross-sectional constriction

53

Wind catcher, wind funnel

54

Luftkanalauslass

6

Small wind turbine or small wind turbine layout

61

first small wind turbine

62

second small wind turbine

63

third small wind turbine

64

fourth small wind turbine

65

propeller

66

generator

L

airflow

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202015006247 U1 [0003]
• DE 102014015598 A1 [0003]

Claims (15)

Electric motor vehicle with a body (1), wheels (2), a battery (3) and at least one electric drive unit (4) for driving at least one wheel (2) by means of the electrical energy stored in the battery (3), wherein in the body (1) arranged in the direction of travel of the vehicle air duct (5) is arranged, in which at least one small wind turbine (6) for recovering electrical energy from the air flow in the air duct (5) is provided, wherein the recovered electrical energy into the battery (3) is fed, characterized in that at least three partial air ducts (50) are arranged side by side to the direction of travel, wherein in each partial air duct (50) at least one small wind turbine (6) is arranged. Electric motor vehicle after Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least three partial air channels (50) are arranged horizontally next to one another and at least two layers of partial air channels (50) one above the other. Electric motor vehicle after Claim 2 , characterized in that eight partial air ducts (50) side by side and six partial air ducts (50) one above the other, ie a total of 48 partial air ducts (50) are provided with a square cross section. Electric motor vehicle after Claim 1 . 2 or 3 , characterized in that the air duct (5) has at its upstream end a wind catcher (53) in funnel shape. Electric motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each partial air duct (50) downstream of the first small wind turbine (61) a second small wind turbine (62), third small wind turbine (63) and / or fourth small wind turbine (64) is arranged. Electric motor vehicle after Claim 5 , characterized in that each partial air channel (50) in the region of the first small wind turbine (61) has a first cross-sectional constriction (51) and in the region of the second small wind turbine (62) has a second cross-sectional constriction (52), wherein the cross-section in the first cross-sectional constriction (51 ) is greater than the cross-section in the second cross-sectional constriction (52). Electric motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the small wind power plants (6) are equipped as a dynamic pressure turbine with an air screw (65) and a generator (66) driven therefrom. Electric motor vehicle after Claim 7 , characterized in that the generator (64) is mounted in an aerodynamically shaped housing on the longitudinal axis of the air duct (5) or the partial air duct (50) by means of at least one holder. Electric motor vehicle after Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the propeller (65) almost completely covers the cross-section of the air duct (5) or the partial air duct (50). Electric motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air ducts (5) have a square cross section in the region of the funnel-shaped wind catcher and a circular cross section in the area of the small wind power plants (6). Electric motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrical regulators (30) are provided between the generator (s) (66) and the battery (3). Electric motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each partial air duct has a cross-sectional area of 10 × 10 cm ² . Electric motor vehicle after Claim 12 , characterized in that the entire air duct arrangement has a size of 80 cm width × 60 cm height × 40 cm in length. Electric motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each partial channel four small wind turbines are arranged one behind the other. Electric motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air flowing out of the arrangement is released on the vehicle floor or on the vehicle side.

Images