DE102018006408A1 - Electric vehicle drive with integrated electric battery - charging while driving by using the wind energy generated while driving - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the state of the art, many models of wind power generators for attachment to or installation on vehicles are known. These inventions are described as an additional energy source, due to their design, often with low electrical outputs. Pure electric vehicles are usually equipped with only one battery, which, in addition to the drive, is also used for low recharging (recuperation) .All known vehicles ensure that the air resistance (drag coefficient) is as low as possible. The energy of the driving wind is always directed past the bodywork, so it is displaced unused. This invention is based on the design of a vehicle with the lowest possible air resistance (drag coefficient). The wind should be directed through the vehicle - using a wind tunnel. This also forces the body to undergo fundamental changes.Through the interposition of a ring generator in the channel, which is driven by a wind turbine - and at low driving speeds by means of an electric motor, the airstream can be used to generate energy There must always be at least two batteries: one for the current driving mode and at least one other battery that is charged by the generator. One battery is always discharged in operating mode and one or more batteries with partial discharge are recharged.

Description

The invention is characterized in that it enables sufficient energy to be loaded into a memory during the journey in order to increase the range of a vehicle many times over.
This goal is to be achieved using the wind generated during driving.

According to the state of the art, many models of wind power generators for attachment or installation for a wide variety of vehicles are known.
These inventions only ever claim to be used as an additional energy source in addition to the original vehicle battery - often with low electrical outputs.
Most of them are “small wind turbines on the vehicle roof”, “rollers behind the grille” or “several wind turbines in the front body area”.

All of these inventions have in common that they are based on the appearance of today's motor vehicles.
There is always an attempt to add, "expand" or complete something on today's motor vehicle.

The present invention is based on a changed perspective in vehicle construction.

The overall appearance of a motor vehicle has to be changed in such a way that it is possible to direct the airstream - not as in all previous constructions - past the vehicle, ie "reject" it, but to use the energy from the airflow to the greatest extent possible.

This invention is based on designing a vehicle with the lowest possible air resistance (drag coefficient) as before, but the largest possible proportion of the airstream is to be passed through the vehicle.
Due to the elimination of engine, transmission and other necessary components for gasoline or diesel engines, the now empty engine compartment offers the opportunity to concentrate a large proportion of the wind in such a channel using a wind tunnel now installed and to control its form of movement by means of guide devices , This also forces fundamental changes to the body.
By installing a ring generator in the channel, the airstream can be used to generate energy.
This generator is not used to charge the currently used driving battery, there must always be at least two batteries in the vehicle: one for the current driving mode and the consumers and at least one additional battery that is charged by the generator.
It follows from this that previously known battery sizes from series production can be used.
Ring generators of the required size and power are used today in smaller wind turbines.

• Heute bekannte Transporter mit reinem Elektroantrieb benötigen ca. 15-25 kWh für eine Fahrtstrecke von 100 km. Es wurde für einzelne, nur bei konkreter Konstruktion errechenbarer Widerstände eine Pauschale von 25% Energiebedarf aufgeschlagen.

The invention will be explained using the example of a transporter:

• Today's known transporters with pure electric drive require approx. 15-25 kWh for a distance of 100 km. A flat rate of 25% energy requirement was added for individual resistors that can only be calculated with a specific design.

In actual driving, the energy consumption will also be different at different, changing speeds.

Operation of this invention

• Während der Fahrt wird über eine möglichst große Jalousie (1) der Fahrtwind eingefangen und durch einen konischen Luftkanal (2) zu einem Windrad (3) geleitet, welches mit einem Ring-Generator (4) gekoppelt ist. Hinter dem Generator wird der abströmende Luftstrom durch einen Fortluftkanal (5) aus dem Fahrzeug abgeleitet. Um auch bei niedrigen Fahr-Geschwindigkeiten eine Energieerzeugung im Generator(4) zu gewährleisten, wird hier mittels Elektro-Hilfsmotor (7) die erforderliche Drehzahl bereitgestellt. Bei hohen Fahr-Geschwindigkeiten muss die Generator-Drehzahl reduziert bzw. auf dem Sollwert gehalten werden. Hierzu kann die Jalousie (1) verstellbar sein, die Rotorblätter des Windrades (3) können verstellbar sein und/oder mittels elektrischer / mechanischer Bremse (6) wird eine optimale Generator-Drehzahl erreicht.

The components and their functions are shown in the drawing 1 , shown:

• During the journey, the largest possible blind ( 1 ) the airstream is trapped and through a conical air duct ( 2 ) to a wind turbine ( 3 ) which is connected to a ring generator ( 4 ) is coupled. Behind the generator, the outflowing air flow is through an exhaust air duct ( 5 ) derived from the vehicle. In order to generate energy in the generator even at low driving speeds ( 4 ) is ensured here by means of an auxiliary electric motor ( 7 ) provided the required speed. At high driving speeds, the generator speed must be reduced or kept at the setpoint. For this, the blind ( 1 ) be adjustable, the rotor blades of the wind turbine ( 3 ) can be adjustable and / or by means of an electrical / mechanical brake ( 6 ) an optimal generator speed is reached.

Calculation example:

The vehicle is equipped with at least two batteries with a respective capacity of 30 kW (8 + 9)
Driving is carried out using one of these batteries ( 8th or 9 ) via the drive motor ( 11 ) added.
From a speed of approx. 30 km / h, an auxiliary motor ( 7 ) switched on, which the wind turbine ( 3 ) and thus the generator ( 4 ) set to the optimal speed. The full generator power is already reached here and a second battery ( 8th or 9 ) Loading.
The airstream is still low and the energy required for the auxiliary engine ( 7 ) becomes from the driving battery ( 8th or 9 ).
If the driving speed increases, the drive of the wind turbine ( 3 ) continuously increased by the increasing air flow, at the same time the energy requirement of the auxiliary motor ( 7 ) from the driving battery ( 8th or 9 ).

(To increase the air speed in the generator, the exhaust air duct ( 5 ) be larger than the free cross section of the generator. The air pressure is increased by the resulting negative pressure and pressure losses at the wind turbine ( 3 ) and generator ( 4 ) balanced.)

From a driving speed of approx. 90 km / h, the wind from the wind turbine ( 3 ) the required speed of the generator ( 4 ) - and there is no energy for the auxiliary motor ( 7 ) from the driving battery ( 8th or 9 ) needed.
If the driving speed is increased further, it is also possible to use the auxiliary motor ( 7 ) to operate as an additional generator and thus to charge a battery ( 8th or 9 ) to use.

By switching the generator ( 4 ) provided energy on the two batteries (8 + 9) by means of an automatic control ( 10 ) while driving, the range of the route can be increased many times over.

The energy balance is shown for drawings 2-5:

Based on the current standard in the consumption of purely electric transporters in the amount of approx. 20 kW / 100 km, 25 kW / 100 km are used for the calculations. Losses for friction, pressure losses due to changes in cross-section, etc. were neglected in the examples. These can only be determined precisely after the specific construction of individual components.

The drive energy required for the ring generator is 7.5 kW / h
In stationary operation and at low driving speeds, the ring generator ( 4 ) from the auxiliary motor ( 7 ) driven. If the driving speed is increased, the drive energy for the auxiliary motor is reduced ( 7 ) up to the operating point = 0, if the driving speed is increased further, the auxiliary motor ( 7 ) can also be used as an additional generator.

Another - additional - possibility of energy generation is the charging option of recuperation used in most electric and hybrid vehicles installed today.

According to Betz's law, a maximum of 59% of the achievable wind power can be used as applicable energy.

Drawing 2. at 50 km / h driving speed

Example calculation:

Driving speed = 50 km / h
2.0 m ² suction area of the blind (1) / 1.0 m ² area (free, internal cross-section of the generator) (4) wind speed = 13.9 m / s = 3.36 kW -41% = 1.98 kW max. usable wind power (Betz law)

Consumption:

20 kWh for traction drive from battery ( 8th ) or ( 9 )
+5.52 kW for auxiliary motor ( 7 ) (Auxiliary motor drive = 7.5 kW / 1.98 kW from wind power) = 25.52 kWh

Wind generator charging:

30 kW / 1 hour

Drawing 3. at 80 km / h driving speed

Example calculation:

Driving speed = 80 km / h
2.0 m ² suction area of the blind (1) / 1.0 m ² area (free, internal cross-section of the generator) (4) wind speed = 22 m / s = 13.0 kW -41% = 7.61 kW maximum usable wind power (Betz's law)

Consumption:

22 kW for traction drive from battery ( 8th ) or ( 9 )
0.0 kW for auxiliary motor ( 7 ) (Auxiliary motor drive = 7.5 kW) = 22 kWh

Wind generator charging:

30 kW / 1 hour

Drawing 4. at 100 km / h driving speed

Example calculation:

Driving speed = 100 km / h
2.0 m ² suction surface of the blind ( 1 ) / 1.0 m ² area (free, internal cross-section of the generator) (4) Wind speed = 28 m / s = 26.8 kW -41% = 15.8 kW maximum usable wind power (Betz law)

Consumption:

25 kWh for traction drive from battery ( 8th ) or (9)
0.0 kW for auxiliary motor ( 7 )
= 25 kWh / 100 km

Wind generator charging:

30 kW / 1 hour
+ 8.3 kW excess from wind power (15.8 kW - 7.5 kW for wind turbine drive)
+ 7.5 kW additional charging by auxiliary engine (7)

Drawing 5. at 120 km / h driving speed

Example calculation:

Driving speed = 120 km / h
2.0 m ² suction surface of the blind ( 1 ) / 1.0 m ² area (free, internal cross-section of the generator) (4) Wind speed = 33 m / s = 44 kW -41% = 25.96 kW maximum usable wind power (Betz law)

Consumption:

30 kWh for traction drive from battery ( 8th ) or ( 9 )
0.0 kW for auxiliary motor ( 7 ) (Auxiliary motor drive = 7.5 kW)
= 30 kWh / 100 km

Wind generator charging:

30 kW / 1 hour
+ 18.46 kW excess from wind power (25.96 kW - 7.5 kW for wind turbine drive)
+ 7.5 kW additional charging by auxiliary engine ( 7 )

(If you consider a VW Golf VII with an end face of 2.19 m ² and a drag coefficient of 0.27 as an example, a force of 274 N results at 100 km / h. It has a drive power of 7.6 kW only required for overcoming air resistance (head wind).)
If, for example, an area of 2/3 of this end face is recorded in an air duct, the drive power drops by 5.0 kW to 2.6 kW. At the same time, wind power in the canal can be used to generate energy.)

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Venetian blind / air intake

2

air duct

3

windmill

4

ring generator

5

Air duct

6

brake

7

Auxiliary motor, electric

8th

Battery / Accu - 1

9

Battery / Accu - 2

10

control part

11

Travel / drive motor

Claims (6)

Electric vehicle drive with integrated electric battery charging while driving by using the wind energy generated during driving, characterized in that a vehicle must be designed so that the body has the largest possible internal aerodynamically shaped air duct - guided by the vehicle which a ring generator driven by a wind turbine and / or an electric motor generates electrical energy and thus one or more battery (s) / (rechargeable battery) (not required for the current vehicle drive) is (are) charged. Depending on the driving speed, a control unit controls the passage on the blind, the position of the blades on the wind turbine, the switching of the electric motor as a motor or generator, the speed brake, the distribution of the energy generated on the battery (s) and the switching of driving and charging -Battery depending on the state of charge. characterized in that the air duct is off Claim 1 absorbs a major part of the wind characterized in that in this air duct Claim 1 a ring generator is mounted, which uses a wind turbine coupled with it to blow off the wind in the air duct Claim 1 used for energy generation characterized in that the ring generator is off Claim 3 is coupled to an electric motor with which it can also be operated. This engine can also be used as a generator. characterized in that the vehicle has at least two independent batteries (rechargeable batteries), one of which is used for the current consumption and at least one further for the current charging. characterized in that by a controller from the generator Claim 3 and possibly from the electric motor Claim 4 Electrical energy obtained in generator operation for charging the one or more batteries (rechargeable batteries) is carried out after each partial discharge.

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