DE202008010401U1 - Solar heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

Solar heating system (1) comprising a storage tank (2) which is designed to hold a volume of water (3) in stock,
and a solar collector (4), which by means of a fluid-carrying solar circuit (63, 64, 65, 24, 26) with a solar heat exchanger (5) is connected, and the solar heat exchanger (5) with the storage tank (2) is operatively connected and so one of solar heat generated by the solar collector (4) can be transferred into the water volume (3),
further comprising a heating heat exchanger (6) which is connected to at least one fluid-carrying heating circuit (36, 37, 66, 67) for supplying at least one heater (7, 8), and wherein the heating heat exchanger (6) is at least partially through the water volume (3) runs and thus heat from the water volume (3) for supplying the at least one heater (7, 8) can dissipate,
and the storage tank (2) has a fresh water inlet (9) and a hot water outlet (11), the fresh water inlet (9) and the hot water outlet (11) being respectively connected to the water volume (3) of the storage tank,
characterized in that ...

Description

The The invention relates to a solar heating system. The solar heating system includes a storage tank, which is formed, a volume of water to keep in stock. The solar heating system also points a solar collector, which by means of a fluid-carrying Solar circuit connected to a solar heat exchanger is. The solar heat exchanger is connected to the storage tank operatively connected and can thus generate a solar heat generated by the solar collector transferred into the water volume. The solar heating system also has a heating heat exchanger, which with at least one fluid-carrying heating circuit for supplying connected to at least one heater. The heating heat exchanger runs at least partially through the volume of water and So can heat from the volume of water to supply the least remove a heater. The storage tank has a fresh water inlet and a hot water drain, wherein the fresh water inlet and the hot water drain each with the volume of water connected to the storage tank.

Out The prior art known solar heating systems have in addition a solar collector to a plurality of storage tanks on which each other different functions are assigned. So is at a standstill heating systems known to the art provided a solar storage boiler, which can keep a water volume in stock, the Solar storage boiler over a solar circuit with a Solar collector is connected, so that generated by the solar collector Transfer heat to the water volume of the solar storage boiler can be. In the known from the prior art solar Heating systems is also a heatable with a fuel storage tank present, wherein the heatable with a fuel storage tank and the solar storage boiler each via a heat exchanger connected to each other.

From the DE 198 55 390 A1 a solar heating system with a water buffer memory is known, wherein the water buffer memory has two separate volumes of water, wherein a volume of water for service water is provided and a further volume of water is provided as a buffer memory.

The The object underlying the invention is a solar heating system indicate which is inexpensive to produce.

These Task is by the solar heating system of the aforementioned Kind solved, wherein the storage tank is a combustion gas having generating firing device. The lighting device is connected to the storage tank and arranged such that a wall of the storage tank at least partially with the combustion gas directly in thermal contact device and so on combustion heat generated by the firing device transferred into the volume of water at least over the wall of the storage tank can be. The solar collector is by means of the solar circuit during a heat transfer to the solar heat exchanger Continuously carrying fluid with the solar heat exchanger connected. The solar heat exchanger runs at least partly by the volume of water, so that the solar heat exchanger solar heat can transfer into the water volume.

The continuous connection by means of the solar circuit between the solar collector and the solar heat exchanger closes the idea of the invention that the solar cycle preferably in addition to the solar collector and in addition to Solar heat exchanger no further storage tank and / or Having heat exchanger.

at the solar heating system according to the invention is preferably only one for service water, as Heizungswärmereservoir and as a solar thermal reservoir shared storage tank provided with a shared volume of water, so that additional storage tank, in particular one for solar heat provided buffer and a means of a firing device Heated separate storage tank can be omitted.

Further Advantageously, the solar heating system during operation low energy losses on.

Further advantageous causes the immediate heating of the common Storage tank by means of the solar circuit and / or by means of Lighting device that in the solar heating system energy losses in comparison to heating systems known from the prior art are reduced because both have additional storage tank as well as via additional required fluid-carrying Connecting cables heat is lost.

In an advantageous embodiment variant of the solar heating system, the firing device has an exhaust pipe leading the combustion gas, which runs through the water volume and thus forms the wall, or an additional wall of the storage vessel directly contacting the combustion gas. The exhaust pipe is configured to transfer combustion heat from the combustion gas into the water volume. The exhaust pipe is advantageously made of a good heat-conducting material, such as copper, steel or galvanized sheet steel or a combination of these. By running through the volume of water exhaust pipe can advantageously one of the firing device generated waste heat to be transferred into the water volume. In this way, advantageously, an efficiency of the solar heating system, in particular when activated lighting device can be increased.

In a preferred embodiment of the heating system has the solar heat exchanger at least one spiral formed spiral portion, wherein the spiral portion of the Solar heat exchanger in the volume of water circulating around the Exhaust pipe coiled runs. This will be advantageous a low convection is formed, allowing a temperature stratification obtained within the storage tank advantageous or at least only slightly disturbed. The spiral section extends to be beneficial in a plane which is horizontal in one for setting up the storage tank provided arrangement runs.

In a preferred embodiment of the heating system has the heating heat exchanger a spiral-shaped Spiral section, wherein the spiral section of the heating heat exchanger in the water volume circumferentially extending around the exhaust pipe. More preferably, the spiral section is arranged in a plane, which are horizontally provided in one for setting up the storage tank Arrangement runs. This is advantageous to a uniform Heating a storage layer through the spiral section causes, so that a convection and so a mixing of the water volume advantageously prevented or reduced.

In an advantageous embodiment of the heating system is the heater core in the exhaust gas flow direction subsequent to a spiral section of the solar heat exchanger Exhaust pipe section of the exhaust pipe arranged. This will be advantageous achieved that the heater core, in particular in an embodiment with a vertical - in Compared to one provided for setting up the storage tank Arrangement - extending exhaust pipe, located in an upper Area of the storage tank is located, in which due to its lower density is located in a hotter water than in further below storage layers.

In a preferred embodiment, the solar heating system a temperature sensor connected to the solar collector and a connected to the temperature sensor control unit. The control unit is on the output side with one with the solar heat exchanger operatively connected serially connected control valve, wherein the control valve is formed is, depending on a control signal, a water flow through the solar heat exchanger to reduce and / or to enlarge.

The control unit is designed to generate the control signal in dependence on a temperature generated by the temperature sensor, a temperature of a fluid in the solar collector ( 4 ) to produce temperature signal. Advantageously, the water flow through the solar heat exchanger can be controlled by the control unit in such a way that the water volume stored in the storage tank, for example above a predetermined temperature value of the hot water generated by the solar collector, can be heated. Further advantageously, a second temperature sensor may be provided, which is connected to the storage tank and can detect a temperature of the water volume. The second temperature sensor is configured to generate a temperature signal in response to the detected temperature of the water volume and to send this to the control unit.

The Control unit is preferably designed to control the flow of water through the Solar heat exchanger as a function of a temperature difference, formed from the temperature signal of the connected to the solar collector Temperature sensor and the temperature signal of the with the storage tank reduce and / or increase the associated temperature sensor. This can be advantageously prevented that in case of higher temperature of the water volume compared to the Water in the solar cycle Heat from the volume of water over the Solar cycle is led and over the solar collector is radiated to an environment of the solar collector.

In a preferred embodiment of the heating system is the fresh water inlet of the storage tank with a flow guide device connected. The flow guide device is arranged and formed, one guided by the fresh water supply Fresh water flow in the water volume in a plurality of partial flows divide. This is advantageous by a flow vortex caused mixing of the water volume and so a disturbance reduces the existing in the water volume temperature stratification or avoided.

The flow guiding device is further preferably designed to guide the fresh water flow in the direction of a vertical line provided for setting up the storage vessel. More preferably, the flow guide device is designed to guide the flow of fresh water in the direction of a provided for setting up the memory vertical down. As a result, a temperature stratification formed in the water volume of the storage tank is advantageously disturbed as little as possible. The feeding of the cold fresh water down the cold fresh water leads advantageously towards a storage layer or directly into a Spei layer in which water is at a temperature corresponding to the fresh water. By the vertical flow guidance and further advantageous by the downwardly predetermined flow direction a slight turbulence of the storage layers is achieved.

In A preferred embodiment is the flow guiding device annular, wherein a ring plane of the flow guide device is arranged in the storage tank transversely to the vertical and has openings pointing in the direction of the vertical, wherein through the openings of the fresh water flow in the Water volume can be fed. By the annular Forming the flow guide is advantageous evenly over a storage layer distributed feeding of fresh water causes, which in the plane the fresh water supply is arranged.

In a preferred embodiment, the openings a longitudinally extending in an opening plane opening cross-section on. Further preferred is the longitudinally extending opening cross-section formed elliptical. This will be advantageous low flow rate of a single stream of fresh water reached. At a low flow rate form namely, in particular below a Raleigh number of 2.7 advantageous no turbulence, the flow of the in the volume of water flowing fresh water is then advantageous laminar.

In a preferred embodiment of the heating system has the lighting device and / or the exhaust pipe have a closure device, which are each formed in the case of an inactive firing device to effectively reduce an air convection current through the exhaust pipe or to prevent. This is advantageously prevented by a in the exhaust pipe flowing Luftkonvektionsstrom not activated firing device heat from the volume of water over the exhaust pipe can be lost.

The Invention will now be described below with reference to figures and others Embodiments explained.

1 shows - schematically - an embodiment of a solar heating system with a solar collector, a fired storage tank and a heating circuit of a space heater;

2 shows - schematically - an embodiment of a fresh water inlet of in 1 shown storage tank.

1 schematically shows an embodiment of a solar heating system 1 , The solar heating system 1 has a storage tank 2 on. The storage tank 2 is trained, a volume of water 3 to keep in stock. The solar heating system 1 also has a solar collector 4 on. The solar collector 4 is designed to carry a fluid, in particular water and the fluid by absorbing solar radiation 77 to warm up. Shown is also a sun 75 which the solar rays 77 sending out. Exemplary embodiments for a solar collector are an absorption layer coated copper or aluminum collector or a vacuum tube collector. The solar collector 4 is by means of a fluid-carrying solar circuit with a solar heat exchanger 5 connected. The solar heat exchanger 5 is in the volume of water 3 of the storage tank 2 arranged. The solar collector 4 is output side via a fluid-carrying connection line 65 and via a control valve 24 with a connection of the solar heat exchanger 5 connected. The solar collector 4 is the input side via a fluid-carrying connection line 64 via a pump 26 and via a fluid-carrying connecting line 63 with another connection of the solar heat exchanger 5 connected. The pump 26 is over a valve 51 with the fluid-carrying connection line 64 , and over a valve 52 with the fluid-carrying connecting line 63 connected. The fluid-carrying connection line 63 is via a connection node - which is formed for example by a fluid-carrying tee - with an overflow pressure relief valve 54 connected. Unless otherwise stated, fluid-carrying connection lines are also referred to below as the connection line. A fluid-carrying connection line is designed to guide a fluid, wherein a fluid is, for example, a liquid heat transfer medium, in particular water.

The connection line 63 is over the connecting node formed as a T-piece with a pressure equalization vessel 30 and with a pressure gauge 58 connected. Through the pressure equalization vessel 30 can one in which - through the connecting lines 63 . 64 , the solar collector 4 , the connection line 65 and the solar heat exchanger 5 formed - solar circuit can be compensated by heating formed overpressure. The pressure relief valve 44 can escape a pressure formed in the solar circuit overpressure, for example, if the pressure through the expansion tank 30 can not be compensated.

The connection line 65 is in the range of an output of the solar collector 4 via a tee with a pressure relief valve 35 connected. The connection line 65 is in the area between the control valve 24 and the heat exchanger 5 via a tee with a pressure relief valve 34 connected.

The solar heating system 1 also points a control unit 19 on. The control unit 19 is via an electrical connection line 70 on the input side with a temperature sensor 21 connected. The temperature sensor 21 is with the solar collector 4 connected and is adapted to a temperature of the solar collector 4 guided to detect heat-carrying fluid and to generate a temperature signal corresponding to the detected temperature. The control unit 19 is formed via the electrical connection line 70 to detect the temperature signal and a control signal to control the control valve 24 to generate and output this output side. The control unit 19 is via an electrical connection line 72 with the control valve 24 connected. The control unit 19 is also on the input side via an electrical connection line 71 with a temperature sensor 20 connected. The temperature sensor 20 is with the storage tank 2 connected and is arranged there, a temperature of the water volume 3 , in particular in the upper area of the storage tank 2 to detect and to generate a temperature signal representing the detected temperature and this via the electrical connection line 71 to the control unit 19 to send. The control unit 19 is formed, depending on the over the electrical connection line 70 and / or of the electrical connection line 71 detected temperature signal, the control signal for controlling the control valve 24 to create. In this way, the control unit by closing the control valve 24 to interrupt the solar cycle, if, for example, that of the solar collector 4 detected temperature of the temperature sensor 21 falls below a predetermined value. The control unit 19 may also be formed, the control signal for controlling the control valve 24 in response to a temperature difference formed from that of the temperature sensor 21 and from the temperature sensor 20 to generate detected temperatures. The control unit 19 In this way, the solar circuit in dependence on the temperature difference between the solar collector 4 and the volume of water 3 produce. For example, if the temperature of the water volume 3 higher than the temperature of the solar collector 4 so the control unit can 19 the control signal to close the control valve 24 produce. In this way, heat can be prevented from the volume of water 3 over the solar heat exchanger 5 and the solar cycle from the water volume 3 is dissipated.

The control unit 19 On the output side, it is also connected via a connection line 74 with the pump 26 connected. The control unit 19 is formed, for example, in addition to the control signal for the control valve 24 a control signal for controlling the pump 26 to create. In this way can be advantageous when closing the control valve 24 the pump 26 be switched off.

The storage tank 2 has a fresh water intake 9 on. The fresh water intake 9 of the storage tank 2 is via a connection line 60 with a main connection for fresh water 10 via a valve 49 , an expansion vessel 31 and a valve 48 connected. The fresh water intake 9 of the storage tank 2 is about a tee 53 with the valve 49 connected. A branch of it tee 53 is via a connection line 61 with a three-way valve 41 connected.

The three-way valve 41 is with a first connection via a connecting line 62 with a shower spray 59 connected, with a second connection via the connecting line 61 with the tee 53 , A third connection of the three-way valve is with a drain 11 for hot water of the storage tank 2 connected. The sequence 11 for hot water of the storage tank 2 is over a valve 50 with the storage tank 2 and there with the volume of water 3 connected. By means of the three-way valve 41 can be such a mixing ratio of one over the connecting line 62 to the shower spray 59 running water from the components hot water and fresh water can be adjusted.

The storage tank 2 has a lighting device 12 which is formed, a combustion gas 13 to create. The lighting device 12 is in a combustion chamber in the lower part of the storage tank 2 arranged. The lower portion of the storage vessel in which the lighting device is located is through a wall 14 from the volume of water 3 separated. The lower area of the storage tank 2 in which the combustion gas 13 can be generated with one by the volume of water 3 passing through the exhaust pipe 15 connected. The exhaust pipe 15 occurs in an upper area of the storage tank 2 out again and flows into a fireplace 17 , The volume of water 3 can be so beneficial over the wall 14 and over the exhaust pipe 15 get into thermal contact with the combustion gas.

The storage tank 2 points next to the solar heat exchanger 5 also a heating heat exchanger 6 on, wherein the heating heat exchanger 6 in an upper area of the water volume 3 is arranged. The heating heat exchanger 6 is designed to carry a fluid and heat over the fluid from the volume of water 3 dissipate. The fluid is, for example, water. The heating heat exchanger 6 is on the input side via a return line 37 connected to at least one heating circuit. In this embodiment, the return strand 37 with a heating circuit 7 and with a heating circuit 8th connected. The heating heat exchanger 6 is output side with a flow line 36 one the heating circuits 7 and 8th connected to comprehensive space heating. The flow line 36 is about a three way Valve 39 , a valve 44 , a pump 27 , and a valve 45 with the heating circuit 7 connected. The heating circuit 7 may comprise at least one, or a plurality of convection heaters, or, for example, a strand of floor heating. The heating circuit 7 is over a valve 46 , a connection line 66 and a T-piece with the return line 37 connected. The connection line 66 is over the tee via a connecting line 68 with a connection of the three-way valve 39 connected.

The heating circuit 8th is the same as the heating circuit 7 via a valve 47 and via a connection line 67 with the return line 37 connected. The connection line 67 branches over a tee and over a connecting line 69 to a connection of a three-way valve 40 , The three-way valve 40 is with a first connection on the inlet side with the flow line 36 connected, with a second connection to the connecting line 69 and with a third connection via a valve 43 , a pump 28 and a valve 42 with the heating circuit 8th connected. The three-way valves 39 and 40 For example, each designed as a mixer.

The return line 37 is via a tee with an input of the heater core 6 connected. The return line 37 is also about the tee with a gauge 57 , with a pressure equalization vessel 32 and with an overflow pressure relief valve 55 connected.

The fresh water intake 9 of the storage tank 2 is with a flow guide device 22 connected, which in the volume of water 3 is arranged. The flow guide device 22 is in the lower part of the water volume 3 in the area of the wall 14 arranged. The flow guide device 22 has a plurality of down to the wall 14 pointing out openings, leaving one at the fresh water inlet 9 received fresh water stream can be divided via the openings into a plurality of part streams. In this way flow turbulences are advantageously reduced.

2 schematically shows an embodiment of the in 1 illustrated storage tank 2 in a sectional view. In addition to the in 1 illustrated storage tank 2 points the storage tank in

2 a thermal insulation 82 , For example, a mineral wool on which the storage tank 2 encloses insulating from the outside. The insulation 82 is from an outside wall 80 of the storage tank 2 enclosed enclosing. Shown in this sectional view is also the storage tank 2 , which measures the volume of water 3 keeps in stock.

Shown is also the in 1 already shown flow guide device 22 which has a ring-shaped portion. The flow guide device 22 is formed for example by a tube which encloses a lumen for guiding the fresh water flow. The flow guide device 22 has in the region of the annular portion a plurality of elliptical openings, of which the opening 23 is designated by way of example. The flow guide device 22 is in this embodiment parallel to one for setting up the storage tank 2 provided, in 1 already illustrated horizontal plane 85 arranged and encloses the exhaust pipe 15 on a circumference which is radially from the exhaust pipe 15 in a plane parallel to the horizontal plane 85 is spaced.

The flow guide device 22 is in the volume of water 3 arranged. The flow guide device 22 is via a fluid-carrying connection line 83 with the fresh water inlet 9 connected. The openings 23 are in the flow guide device 22 arranged such that a fresh water partial flow through the opening 23 in the volume of water 3 occurs perpendicular to the in 1 represented horizontal plane 85 runs.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 19855390 A1 [0003]

Claims (12)

Solar heating system ( 1 ) comprising a storage tank ( 2 ), which is designed, a volume of water ( 3 ) and a solar collector ( 4 ), which by means of a fluid-carrying solar circuit ( 63 . 64 . 65 . 24 . 26 ) with a solar heat exchanger ( 5 ), and the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) with the storage tank ( 2 ) and so one of the solar collector ( 4 ) generated solar heat in the water volume ( 3 ), further comprising a heating heat exchanger ( 6 ), which with at least one fluid-carrying heating circuit ( 36 . 37 . 66 . 67 ) for supplying at least one heater ( 7 . 8th ) and wherein the heating heat exchanger ( 6 ) at least partially by the volume of water ( 3 ) and thus heat from the volume of water ( 3 ) for supplying the at least one heater ( 7 . 8th ), and the storage tank ( 2 ) a fresh water feed ( 9 ) and a hot water drain ( 11 ), wherein the fresh water feed ( 9 ) and the hot water drain ( 11 ) each with the volume of water ( 3 ) of the storage tank, characterized in that the storage tank ( 2 ) a combustion gas ( 13 ) generating firing device ( 12 ), wherein the lighting device ( 12 ) with the storage tank ( 2 ) is connected and arranged such that a wall ( 14 ) of the storage tank ( 2 ) at least partially with the combustion gas ( 13 ) can come into direct thermal contact and so one of the lighting device ( 12 ) generated combustion heat at least over the wall ( 14 ) of the storage tank ( 2 ) in the volume of water ( 3 ), and wherein the solar collector ( 4 ) by means of the solar cycle ( 63 . 64 . 65 . 24 . 26 ) during a heat transfer to the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) continuously carrying fluid with the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) and the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) at least partially by the volume of water ( 3 ) and the solar heat exchanger solar heat into the water volume ( 3 ) can transmit. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the lighting device ( 12 ) a combustion gas ( 13 ) leading exhaust pipe ( 15 ), which by the volume of water ( 3 ) runs and so the wall ( 14 ) or an additional, with the combustion gas ( 13 ) immediately in contact wall of the storage tank ( 2 ), wherein the exhaust pipe ( 15 ) is formed, combustion heat from the combustion gas ( 13 ) in the volume of water ( 3 ) transferred to. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) has at least one spiral-shaped spiral section, wherein the spiral section of the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) in the volume of water ( 3 ) circumferentially around the exhaust pipe ( 15 ) runs helical. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the heating heat exchanger ( 6 ) has a spiral-shaped spiral section, wherein the spiral section of the heating heat exchanger ( 6 ) in the volume of water ( 3 ) circumferentially around the exhaust pipe ( 15 ) runs helical. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the heating heat exchanger ( 6 ) in the exhaust gas flow direction at a the spiral portion of the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) downstream exhaust pipe section of the exhaust pipe ( 15 ) is arranged. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solar heating system ( 1 ) one with the solar collector ( 4 ) connected temperature sensor ( 21 ) and one with the temperature sensor ( 21 ) connected control unit ( 19 ), wherein the control unit ( 19 ) on the output side with one with the solar heat exchanger ( 4 ) serially connected control valve ( 24 ) is operatively connected, wherein the control valve ( 24 ) is formed, in response to a control signal, a water flow through the solar heat exchanger ( 5 ) and / or increase, and wherein the control unit ( 19 ) is formed, the control signal in dependence on one of the temperature sensor ( 21 ), a temperature of a fluid in the solar collector ( 4 ) to produce temperature signal. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fresh water feed ( 9 ) of the storage tank ( 2 ) with a flow guiding device ( 22 ), which is arranged and adapted, one of the fresh water inlet ( 9 ) guided fresh water flow in the water volume ( 3 ) into a plurality of sub-streams. Solar heating system according to claim 7, characterized in that the flow guiding device ( 22 ) is formed, the fresh water flow in the direction of establishing a storage tank ( 2 ) to lead vertical. Solar heating system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the flow guiding device ( 22 ) is annular, wherein a ring plane of the flow guiding device ( 22 ) in the storage tank across the sink is arranged on the right and in the direction of the vertical facing openings ( 23 ), through which the fresh water flow into the volume of water ( 3 ) can be fed. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the openings ( 23 ) have a longitudinally extending in an opening plane opening cross-section. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the longitudinally extending opening cross-section is elliptical. Solar heating system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lighting device ( 12 ) and / or the exhaust pipe ( 15 ) has a closure device, which is formed in each case, in the case of an inactive firing device ( 12 ) an air convection current through the exhaust pipe ( 15 ) effectively reduce or prevent.