DE202008002080U1 - Mokume layer block and jewelry made from it, ornament or ornament - Google Patents

Abstract

Mokume layer block, in particular for decorative purposes, ornaments or ornaments, comprising at least a first layer of a first alloy and at least one second layer of a second alloy, wherein
The first alloy has less than about 1000 parts silver (Ag) and more than about 800 parts silver (Ag), and
The second alloy has less than about 750 parts silver (Ag) and more than about 250 parts silver (Ag), and more than about 250 parts copper (Cu) and less than about 750 parts copper (Cu).

Description

Area

Here a mokume shift block is introduced. Such layer blocks can be made thin non-ferrous metal sheets different colors, such as platinum, gold, palladium, silver, copper and whose alloys are produced.

background

Mokume-gane ( "Wood grain in metal ") working multicolored layered non-ferrous metals, where Patterns arise that are reminiscent of tree bark or animal skins. Originally became this technique for the production of vessels and equipment as well as sword fittings and ornaments used.

The C. Hafner GmbH + Co. KG Gold and silver refinery in 75173 Pforzheim, Germany, offers a Mokume-Gane module AU 585 RG / Pd 500 Ag 935 on, the 4 layers of rose gold sheet, 8 layers of palladium alloy and 3 layers of silver alloy, each about 0.5 mm thick sheets Has. According to the manufacturer, this module has a very critical processing behavior and is only for very experienced goldsmiths to recommend. Incidentally, this module is very high-priced.

Underlying problem

As a result, the task is to provide a cost-conscious mokume layer block, the production of mosaic and cross damask and other patterns Or ornaments, for example eye patterns allows, also a clear color contrast between the individual layers or layers and good etchability accompanied by good mechanical workability.

solution

To becomes a Mokume layer block, in particular for ornamental purposes, with at least a first layer of a first alloy and at least one second layer of a second alloy proposed. The first Alloy has less than about 1000 parts silver and more than about 800 parts silver. The second alloy has less than about 750 parts Silver and more than about 250 parts silver, and more than about 250 Parts of copper and less than about 750 parts of copper.

The second alloy has another, preferably lower, melting point as the first alloy. It is therefore with the first alloy (fine silver, Enamel silver, medal silver, sterling silver, coin silver or use silver) very good to weld. this makes possible the production of mosaic and cross damask and other patterns or Ornaments. Furthermore the second alloy has a clear color contrast to the first Silver alloy. Furthermore, it has a good etchability and a good mechanical Machinability. So this silver alloy can be the more expensive one Materials completely replace platinum, gold, palladium and white gold. Surprised it turned out that the presented Mokume shift block a very easy to process, ductile and high-contrast starting material for attractive and individual jewelery as well as ornaments and ornaments.

The first alloy can be less than about 970 parts silver and more have about 835 parts of silver.

Of Further, an alloy has proven to be advantageous in which the first alloy contains less than about 950 parts of silver and more than about 900 parts silver.

Quality Results were achieved, for example, with an alloy in the first alloy less than about 935 parts silver and more has about 925 parts silver.

The second alloy may comprise about 719 parts silver and about 281 parts copper. This corresponds to the eutectic alloy of the Ag-Cu system. This silver-copper alloy has a hardness of about HV 97, it has a high tensile strength of about 363 N / mm ² , a low elongation at break of about 21%, a high elasticity and a melting point of about 779 ° C.

The second alloy can be less than about 700 parts silver and more as about 300 parts of silver, and more than about 300 parts of copper and less than about 700 parts of copper.

Quality Results were achieved, for example, with an alloy in the second alloy less than about 600 parts silver and more than about 400 parts of silver, and more than about 400 parts of copper and less than about 600 parts copper.

Of Furthermore, an alloy has proved to be very advantageous in which the second alloy is about 500 parts silver or less as about 500 parts silver and about 500 parts copper or less than about 500 parts of copper. She's very good with the first one Alloy contrasting colors and similar metallurgical and Processing properties.

The second alloy allows due to their Composition a simple etching, which can result in a clearly structured surface. This structured surface can then be colored and exposed by oxidation or sulfidation.

The first alloy can be 0 to 200 parts copper, 0 to 50 parts gold, 0 to 50 parts aluminum, 0 to 30 parts gallium, 0 to 30 parts Indium, 0 to 50 parts silicon, 0 to 30 parts tin and / or 0 to 30 parts of zinc contain to adjust the desired color and / or strength or improvement of processability and weldability of the shift block.

The second alloy can be 0 to 50 parts gold, 0 to 50 parts aluminum, 0 to 30 parts gallium, 0 to 30 parts indium, 0 to 50 parts silicon, 0 to 30 parts of tin and / or 0 to 30 parts of zinc contain for adjustment the desired Color and / or strength or improvement of processability and weldability of the shift block.

Under Parts of the metals are understood here parts by weight, wherein the individual parts are sized so that the sum of all (weight) parts of an alloy 1000.

The Layers of the Mokume layer block can as sheets from about 0.2 to about 4 mm in alternating order layered into a block with more than 2 to about 40 layers and welded be.

First, be the sheets or bars cleaned from the first and the second alloy, in alternating Color sequence stacked and then carefully welded together. The welding can be done in an open flame or in an oven. All procedures is common that no lot is used. The contiguous Non-ferrous metals form at their boundary during the welding process new alloy that connects these. Is the connection of the plates not continuous, can Errors occur only at the end of the subsequent processing become visible.

Of the finished welded, cleaned and edge-cleaned layer block becomes too a cross-sectionally substantially rectangular or square Rod preferably cold-forged. To create a pattern he will be afterwards about its middle axis twisted and / or rolled and longitudinally in two or more discs parts (for example sawn).

Out such a rod is a piece of jewelry, ornament, ornament available by further processing.

Brief description of the figures

Further Features, properties, benefits and possible modifications for one The skilled worker will be apparent from the following description, in which on the attached Drawing reference is made.

1a is a schematic perspective view Mokume layer block, which is formed of a plurality of sheets of the two different alloys.

1b is a schematic perspective view Mokume layer block, which is formed of a plurality of sheets and rods of the two different alloys.

2a FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of an example of a twisted Mokume rod. FIG.

2 B Fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of an example of a longitudinally sawn Mokume rod for producing a seamless ring.

Detailed description of the figures

1a . 1b each show a mokume layer block. Sheets and / or rods of the two different alloys (the first alloy has between about 935 parts silver and about 925 parts silver, the remainder being essentially copper about 50 parts, and small amounts of platinum, gold, aluminum, gallium, indium, Silicon, arsenic, tin and / or zinc The second alloy has about 500 parts silver and about 500 parts copper, with small amounts of platinum, gold, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, arsenic, tin and / or zinc in the second Containing alloy) have very good contrasting colors and similar metallurgical as well as good processing properties.

These sheets are in the desired order - in the 1 alternating - layered into a block. This results in a Mokume layer block by welding the thin plates of the different metals or alloys with contrasting colors. The welding takes place without solder and results in a mokume layer block of the laminated non-ferrous metals or layered metals, which is relatively soft or supple. These are metals that have similar metallurgical and good processing properties. The blocks have about 2 to about 40 layers of the two different alloys.

The sheets and / or rods are assembled so that between the sheets each have a clear color contrast. The single ones Sheets are plan with roughened surface and free of foreign bodies, fat or oxidation. The welding is carried out by heat, which causes movement and mixing of the metals at the grain boundaries of the contact surfaces. This can give rise to a new molecular crystal structure, a blocky mass.

The Melting takes place at a temperature close to the melting point the individual metals / alloys lies. The resulting semi-finished product can be hardened or cold-cured be. Before deformation into a prismatic rod (for example by rolling or twisting), the structure is by forging followed by annealing in one fine-grained To bring state. Patterns are made by further processing the blocks introduced different methods. Milling cutters, burin, Drill, punch, chisel or the like

In the binding zones can new alloys with different mechanical properties than have formed the first and the second alloy. Within the Bonding zones can Gefügeaushärtungen occur in the course of forming shear fractures and cold welding can. these can by annealing the metals can be avoided. The strength of the bonding zones may be higher than soldering. Possibly. occurring cracks can be closed again by suitable solders or rewelding. Before soldering or rewelding The metal is then pickled without oxide and then forged together. To shear breaks or to be able to avoid cracks the head ends of the module are soldered flat with solder before forging. After soldering and after forming steps, the module can be annealed and then in water, oil or alcohol be deterred.

This Module can then be either with the technique of Mokume-gane or the Technique of mokume damask continues to be processed. In the technique of the mokume-gane arise by breaking up the surface and then Forging sheets with irregular patterns, such as eye patterns. In the technique of Mokume Damask be after welding and twisting and forging the layered metals first Rods made, then continue are processed. Unlike Mokume-gane arises here at the finishing a regular pattern, similar to the Veins of Damascus steel. The as described in Mokume Damask versäuberte Layer block is first forged flat to further processing to Mokume-gane. The later ones Eye patterns and lines are created by the breaking up of the surface; by doing the rod in the longitudinal direction is divided. The upper layers will be pierced and / or become Milled in lines. By taking away material and then planing again the lower layers are pressed into the vacated areas and the patterns become visible.

A piece of jewelry, such as a ring, is made in one piece as follows: One of the pieces twisted as described above ( 2a ) Mokume bar is drilled at two spaced locations between the two wells, cut lengthwise. The saw cut is spread open ( 2 B ) and forged. The steps of intermediate annealing, straightening, forging, filing and sanding are often to be carried out before finishing.

One soldered Ring is to be made from a band which is the one described above twisted mokume rod is made. From such a mokume rod a metal strip or wire is sawed off in the determined length, directed, filed, bent and soldered. These steps are accompanied by activities such as annealing, pickling, Straightening, filing, sanding and polishing or matting.

Instead of the rings are also pendants, Arm and foot rims, Earrings, or the like can be produced from the Mokume layer block. It can also ornaments such as bowls, cups, knife handles, cutlery fittings, belt buckles, buttons, or dergl. from the Mokume layer block getting produced.

L1

first alloy

L2

second alloy

V

welding

B1

first well

B2

second well

LS

longitudinal section

Claims (14)

Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, Ornaments or ornaments, with at least a first layer of a first Alloy and at least one second layer of a second alloy, in which - the first alloy less than about 1000 parts silver (Ag) and more has about 800 parts of silver (Ag), and - the second Alloy less than about 750 parts silver (Ag) and more than about 250 parts of silver (Ag), and more than about 250 parts of copper (Cu) and less than about 750 parts of copper (Cu). Mokume layer block, in particular for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the first Alloy has less than about 970 parts silver (Ag) and more than about 835 parts silver (Ag). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the first alloy is less than about 950 Parts of silver (Ag) and more than about 900 parts of silver (Ag). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the first alloy is less than about 935 Parts of silver (Ag) and more than about 925 parts of silver (Ag). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the second alloy comprises about 719 parts silver (Ag) and about 281 parts of copper (Cu). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the second alloy is less than about 700 Parts of silver (Ag) and more than about 300 parts of silver (Ag), and more as about 300 parts of copper (Cu) and less than about 700 parts of copper (Cu). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the second alloy is less than about 600 Parts of silver (Ag) and more than about 400 parts of silver (Ag), and more than about 400 parts copper (Cu) and less than about 600 parts copper (Cu). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the second alloy comprises about 500 parts silver (Ag) or less than about 500 parts silver (Ag) and about 500 parts Copper (Cu) or less than about 500 parts of copper (Cu). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1 wherein the first alloy 0 to 200 parts of copper (Cu), 0 to 50 parts gold (Au), 0 to 50 parts aluminum (Al), 0 to 20 parts platinum (Pt), 0 to 30 parts gallium (Ga), 0 to 30 Parts Indium (In), 0 to 50 parts silicon (Si), 0 to 30 parts tin (Sn) and / or 0 to 30 parts of zinc (Zn). Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1, wherein the second alloy contains 0 to 50 parts of gold (Au), 0 to 50 parts aluminum (Al), 0 to 20 parts platinum (Pt), 0 to 30 parts gallium (Ga), 0 to 30 parts indium (In), 0 to 50 parts silicon (Si), 0 to 30 parts of tin (Sn) and / or 0 to 30 parts of zinc (Zn) contains. Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1 wherein the layers as sheets in an alternating order layered into a block. Mokume layer block, especially for decorative purposes, according to claim 1 wherein the layers as sheets of about 0.2 to about 4 mm in alternating order to a block with at least 2 until about 40 layers are layered and welded. Jewel, Ring, pendant, Arm and foot rims, Earring, ornaments, bowl, mug, knife handle, cutlery fitting, Belt buckle, Button, available by processing a mokume layer block having at least one first layer of a first alloy and at least one second Layer of a second alloy, wherein the first alloy less as about 1000 parts silver (Ag) and more than about 800 parts silver (Ag), and the second alloy less than about 800 parts Silver (Ag) and more than about 200 parts silver (Ag), and more than about 200 parts of copper (Cu) and less than about 800 parts of copper (Cu). Jewel, Ring, pendant, Arm and foot rims, Earring, ornaments, bowl, mug, knife handle, cutlery fitting, Belt buckle, Button, available by processing a mokume layer block having at least one first layer of a first alloy and at least one second Layer of a second alloy, wherein the first alloy less as about 935 parts silver (Ag) and more than about 925 parts silver (Ag), and the second alloy contains about 500 parts silver (Ag) and about 500 parts of copper (Cu).