DE202007009825U1 - holder - Google Patents

Abstract

Holding device for locking a displaceable relative to a structural assembly adjustment part, which is locked by means of the holding device in a displacement region in a respective achieved by displacement rest position, with
- At least a first friction element of the holding device and
- At least a second friction element of the holding device, which is moved during displacement of the adjusting part relative to the first friction element and slide under Gleitreibungsbedingungen with a friction surface along a friction surface of the first friction element and in a respective rest position of the adjustment with its friction surface under static friction conditions at the Friction surface of the first friction element is present,
characterized,
a flowable additional medium (Z) is provided which, during a relative movement of the friction elements (1, 2, 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b, 101, 102, 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) between their friction surfaces (10 , 20; 10a, 10b, 10c, 20a, 20b; 110, 120; 110a, 110b, 110c, 120a, 120b) can be brought.

Description

The The invention relates to a holding device for locking a displaceable, in particular pivotable or foldable or displaceable, Verstellteiles, which is displaceable with respect to a structural assembly and by means of the holding device (stepless) in a respective shifted state lockable (durable) is, according to the preamble of claim 1 or 18.

A such holding device comprises a first (structural side) Friction element and a second, the adjusting part associated friction element, in a displacement of the adjustment relative to the first Friction element is moved while (under sliding friction conditions) with a friction surface along a friction surface of the first friction element slides and in a rest position of the displaced Adjustment part with its friction surface (under stiction conditions) frictionally engaged on the friction surface of the first friction element is applied.

The stepless lockability of the adjustment by the associated Holding device does not necessarily have the maximum possible Be provided adjustment of the corresponding adjustment. So it may be sufficient, if - depending on the concrete Use case - a displaceable adjustment part only in a partial area of its maximum adjustment range by means the holding device in a respective displaced position lockable is. The area in which the holding device is effective, is here also referred to as displacement area.

In the displaced state (infinitely) lockable adjustment can be, for example, a door (side or tailgate) or a flap (front or tailgate) of a motor vehicle, which can be folded away from the vehicle structure, z. B. in the case of a door access to the vehicle interior or in the case of a flap to allow access to the vehicle engine or a trunk. In this case, it may be desirable not to fold down the corresponding adjusting part to its maximum possible pivoting position, but to make only a limited folding down into a partially folded-down position with a smaller folding angle compared with the completely folded-down position. This may be important, for example, when third-party vehicles are parked in the vicinity of a motor vehicle, which are not to be damaged when folding an adjustment. It is then necessary to be able to lock the corresponding adjustment in its partially folded position so that it is not already folded by a gust of wind or by accidental contact, which could indeed have a collision with an adjacent vehicle result. For this purpose, so-called holding devices are known on motor vehicles, cf. DE 10 2004 034 247 B3 ,

Farther Such a holding device can also be used in completely different areas be used as the automotive industry, z. B. on windows and doors of real estate (houses) as movable adjustment parts, especially in spring-loaded windows or doors, the have the tendency under the effect of restoring force at least one spring to take their closed position. A holding device then allows a corresponding door or a corresponding window in a deflected position (at least temporarily, to allow several people to pass through). Other applications include drawers and Doors on furniture, such as kitchen or pharmacy cabinets, as well as industrial warehouses or other storage facilities, especially with compartments or doors under the effect of forces provided for this, such. B. weight or magnetic forces tend to their closed Take position.

in this connection is important that such a holding device on the one hand a sufficient ease of a relocatable Adjustment part, such as a door, when opening or closing, on the other hand the corresponding adjustment in a respective displaced state locked so securely that even stronger gusts of wind or the like does not lead to further relocation.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the problem, a holding device of the type mentioned in terms of ease of use and at the same time a secure locking a displaced adjustment continue to improve.

This Problem is in one aspect of the invention by the features of claim 1.

After that is the friction surfaces of the two friction elements a flowable Associated with additional medium, which in a movement of the second Friction element with its friction surface along the friction surface of first friction element between those friction surfaces can, in order to reduce the sliding friction, in particular so that the Ratio of static friction to sliding friction, compared to a dry operation of the arrangement (without additional medium), is substantially increased.

In order to flow during the displacement of the adjusting element by a relative movement of the second friction element relative to the first friction element flowable additional medium between the one other facing friction surfaces to bring each associated friction, at least one of the friction elements, in particular the movable second friction element, channels provided, the z. B. can be formed by recessed structures of the friction element. For this purpose, a friction surface of a friction element consist of a plurality of spherical portions, which form at the points where they meet each other, channels. Furthermore, a nub-like surface structure of a friction element and / or along a. Tensioning direction of the friction elements extended grooves, grooves or the like and / or helically encircling grooves, grooves or the like may be provided on the friction element, and so on.

When Friction pairings for the interacting Friction surfaces of the two friction elements can be used, especially in combination with an additional or intermediate medium, For example, steel is suitable for one and plastic for the other friction surface or light metal casting on the one hand / plastic on the other hand or plastic / plastic or Steel / aluminum alloy casting. As suitable plastics have thereby in Experiments before all polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polysulfone (PSU), Poly-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ester (PPE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and acrylic butadiene styrene (ABS).

When Additional or intermediate medium are oil, especially oils, the one optionally used for a friction surface Plastic not (by etching, swelling or the like) affect, as well as emulsions and dispersions on the Base of oil and furthermore pasty lubricants, like fat. A concrete example of an additional medium is fluorosilicone base oil with ester additives.

The Additional or intermediate medium is advantageous in a housing recorded, which - as described in more detail below - continue for receiving the at least two friction elements, in particular also housing-fixed friction elements can be provided.

at the use of a pasty lubricant as an additive or intermediate medium is a comparatively lesser effort at the seal of the housing required as in the case of a more flowable oils. to Distribution of a pasty lubricant can so-called fat rooms, such as wipers, provided be to grease the surfaces to be lubricated, in particular the friction surfaces of the friction elements to transport.

When when using an oil as an additive, or intermediate medium u. a. the combinations steel / PA, steel / PEEK and POM / POM for the cooperating friction surfaces the friction elements proved.

To a development of the invention is at least one of the friction elements, in particular the second friction element, for storing the additional or intermediate medium suitable, for example by use a material in whose molecular structure the medium can be stored is, or the use of a porous material in its capillary structure the medium can be stored. Furthermore, at least one Friction element, in particular the second friction element, in its interior have a reservoir for the additional or intermediate medium and also provided with an open-pored capillary structure be.

To Another aspect of the invention, however, readily with can be combined with the previously specified aspects of the invention are the two friction elements according to claim 18 (preferred elastic) braced against each other, so that their friction surfaces under the action of the bias tends to be pressed against each other be a friction element along the effective direction of the biasing force trackable with respect to the other friction element is stored.

By the biasing force, which can be applied for example by an elastic element, by magnets or by the weight of the adjustment or any other component, the two friction elements with their friction surfaces selectively braced against each other so that using the different strength of a sliding friction on the one hand and a static stiction on the other hand - depending on the materials used for the friction surfaces of the friction - on the one hand as smooth as possible displacement of the said adjusting part (under the action of sliding friction on the holding device) is made possible and on the other hand, the holding device the adjustment in a displaced position possible securely locked (under the effect of static friction on the fixture). The respective material for the mutually cooperating friction surfaces of the two friction elements is thus selected such that the static static friction between the friction surfaces of mutually associated friction is substantially greater than the sliding friction, on the one hand to allow ease of displacement of the adjustment and on the other hand its secure locking in a displaced position , For this purpose - as stated above - different material pairings for the cooperating friction surfaces of the holding device are available, which also kombi with a flowable additive or intermediate medium can be defined.

Thereby that at least one friction element along the effective direction of the biasing force trackable with respect to the other friction element can be stored under the action of preload and under Utilization of the trackable bearing of the said friction element be ensured that even after a long period of operation the holding device always the desired friction conditions be maintained because the friction surfaces of the two Friction permanently with a certain biasing force against each other be pressed. This is due to the trackability of a friction element along the effective direction of the biasing force achieved that the friction elements to produce desired frictional forces can be brought together in a defined manner with each other.

there this is a friction element in particular so along the effective direction the biasing force movable with respect to the other friction element stored, that is a friction element under the action of the biasing force for generating largely constant friction conditions can be automatically tracked. Here you can for a defined guidance of the one friction element provided along the effective direction of the biasing force suitable guide means be.

to Generating a biasing force, in particular an elastic biasing force, According to one embodiment of the invention, an elastic element, for example in the form of a spring (compression or tension spring, spiral spring) serve, which acts on at least one of the two friction elements. Examples of suitable springs are screw and disc springs as well a rubber-elastic element.

on the other hand can also use magnetic forces to generate the Preload can be used, for example by a friction element at least partly made of a magnetic material, for example a Plastic-bonded magnet, consists of or with an element such material is connected and the other friction element at least partly from a magnetic flux generated by the magnetic material conductive material or connected to an element made of such material is.

Farther can also be weight-bearing, such as the Weight of the adjustment itself, to produce a biasing force be used, with which the two friction elements braced against each other become.

To a development of the invention, a housing is provided, in which the two friction elements are arranged, in particular one of the two friction elements fixed to the housing and the other Friction element so movable with respect to the housing may be arranged that the two friction elements during displacement the associated adjustment part are movable relative to each other and slide their friction surfaces together. The housing can for example, arranged on an associated structural assembly while respecting the case movable friction element is associated with the adjustment part. The housing fixed Arrangement of a friction element does not mean that the corresponding Frictional element must necessarily be arranged rigidly on the housing; Rather, a game-afflicted or elastic arrangement be provided on the housing, such as a tracking under to allow the effect of the bias of the elastic element.

The the adjusting part associated second friction element can be such (via a coupling mechanism) be coupled with that adjustment part, that it turned when moving the adjustment (about an axis) is, or it may be a sliding movement of the second friction element be provided at a displacement of the adjustment.

Farther can be provided that the friction surfaces of the two friction elements at a (acute) angle inclined to the effective direction of the biasing force run so that depending on that angle (wedge angle) a power boost according to the wedge principle takes place. in the Case of a rotationally symmetrical design of the friction elements and the associated friction surfaces, in particular with respect a rotation axis of the second friction element, the one another associated friction surfaces, for example, each conical be educated.

To In another embodiment, they extend together cooperating friction surfaces of the two friction elements, respectively perpendicular to the effective direction of the biasing force. The friction elements can then be formed, for example, each disc-like be.

at Use of a wrap spring as the second friction element takes over at the same time also generating the required preload force, so that dispenses with separate means for generating that bias can be.

To a development of the invention may have a plurality of friction elements be provided, each associated with each other Frictional surfaces cooperate in pairs. You can do this also at least two pairs of friction surfaces along different, in particular opposite directions, braced against each other be.

If the adjusting part associated with two te friction element is coupled via a gear with this, so can be produced by certain, specifiable ratios, in particular for increasing the speed of movement of the second friction element, and / or structurally related distances between an output element of the adjustment and the second friction element can be bridged, and / or there may be a deflection of the direction of movement of the second friction element relative to a triggering displacement (deflection movement) of the associated adjustment part.

According to one concrete embodiment, the second friction element substantially rotationally fixed (except for an optionally required angular play, z. B. caused by an elastic storage), so mitdrehend, arranged on a shaft which (as part of a coupling mechanism between adjusting part and second friction element) during a displacement the adjusting part is rotated, wherein the biasing force along the extension direction of the shaft acts and the second friction element along that direction is movably mounted on the shaft, for example, over a tongue and groove connection or other form-fitting Compounds which, although a (limited) longitudinal movement of the allow second friction along the shaft, but not one free rotation of the friction element about the shaft axis.

Next the aforementioned applications of the invention Doors, windows, flaps and drawers leaves a holding device designed according to the invention also use to lock a variety of other adjustment parts, such as B. a (manually) adjustable load compartment floor of a motor vehicle or a (manually) adjustable roller blind on vehicles or real estate, having an elastically biased winding device and the in different unwound from the winding device positions should be detectable. Another application concerns use a holding device according to the invention as an inhibiting device in (electric) drives. So can on a self-locking design Such drives are omitted if the inhibition introduced on the output side Forces or torques by a designated Holding device is adopted. This can be done To achieve improvements in the efficiency of those drives. General can the holding device according to the invention thus at (arbitrary) adjusting parts are applied by movement are relocatable and in a certain relocated position to be locked.

at a structural assembly, with respect to the adjustment to relocate or with respect to the not common set with the adjustment movable first friction element, can it generally be an (arbitrary) basis, e.g. B. in the form of a Door or window frame, a wall, a grid, a Holder, a housing and the like. Act on the the first friction element of the holding device (directly or indirectly via arrange further elements) and with respect to the second friction element is movable such that at a Relocating the adjusting device associated with the adjusting the second friction element moves relative to the first friction element becomes.

A Structure-side arrangement of the first friction element means not necessarily that that friction element rigidly to the corresponding structural assembly of the motor vehicle must be fixed. Rather, for example a resilient mounting or along the bias of an elastic Elementes limited movable storage can be provided.

The Dimensioning, that is the chosen size the friction surfaces of the two friction elements, any Wedge angle of the friction surfaces and the biasing force, the is exerted on the second friction element, and the choice of materials the cooperating Reibflächenpaare and the flowable Intermediate medium takes place depending on the technical Requirements in each individual case, ie, depending on hydrodynamic conditions and permissible surface pressures and wear parameters.

Further Details and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following Description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures become clear.

It demonstrate:

1a a first embodiment of a holding device in cross section;

1b a first embodiment of a friction element for the holding device 1a in perspective view;

1c a second embodiment of a friction element for the holding device 1a in perspective view;

2 a second embodiment of a holding device;

3 a third embodiment of a holding device;

4 a fourth embodiment of a holding device;

5 a fifth embodiment of a holding device;

6a - 6d four different variants for forming a form-fitting region on a friction element of the holding device, via which the friction element can be brought in a rotationally fixed and longitudinally displaceable manner into engagement with a shaft;

7a . 7b schematic representations of possible form-fitting connections between a friction element and a shaft of the holding device on the basis of the variant 6a ;

8a a perspective view of the lateral vehicle structure of a motor vehicle with an opened door;

8b a perspective view of a partially opened front door.

8a shows a section of the lateral vehicle structure (body K) of a motor vehicle, which together with the roof area D of the motor vehicle defines and encloses a door opening O, through which a passenger can enter the interior of the motor vehicle. For closing the door opening O a displaceable or deflectable adjustment part in the form of a hinged side door S is provided which in 8a is shown in partially folded position. The folding down of a side door S of a motor vehicle from the vehicle structure K into a partially folded-down position takes place, for example, regularly when a third vehicle is parked next to the motor vehicle, so that the side door S can not be opened arbitrarily wide without colliding with the third vehicle. It is then important that the side door S is locked in the partially unfolded position so that it is not already unfolded by a gust of wind or unintentional contact by a passer, as it could thereby collide with the adjacent third party vehicle. For this purpose, so-called holding devices are provided with which a side door S in partially unfolded position can be locked (durable).

The aim is to make such a holding device so that on the one hand allows a reliable locking a door in a partially unfolded position, but at the same time does not affect a desired ease of movement of the door when opening and closing. Different embodiments of holding devices, with which this goal can be achieved, are described below with reference to 1a to 5 to be discribed.

Before that is based 8b nor pointed out that holding devices of the type mentioned not only in motor vehicle parts such. As motor vehicle doors, flaps, load-floor or roller blinds are used, but also extensively outside of the motor vehicle, z. B. on windows and doors of real estate, on doors and drawers of furniture or other storage facilities, on drives, etc. This is in 8b exemplified a partially unfolded front door H, which can be locked in the partially unfolded state shown by means of a holding device of the type mentioned below. This may be useful in particular with spring-loaded doors, which have the tendency to assume their closed position under the elastic bias of at least one spring. By means of a holding device, such a door can then be locked in (partially) open position. Appropriately, in this case continue actuating means, for. B. in the form of an actuating knob provided to cancel the locking action of the holding device after about the door has been open long enough to allow the desired passage of a plurality of people.

following is generally spoken of deflectable adjustment parts be, in particular pivotable (folding) and movable Adjustments should be included.

1a shows in a cross section a first embodiment of a holding device, by means of a deflectable adjustment part, such as a door according to 8a or 8b or a sliding door or a folding window, etc., can be locked in partially deflected position.

The holding device comprises a housing 5 with a housing lower part 51 and an upper housing part 52 which are fastened together by suitable fastening means, for example in the form of screws or rivets. In the case 5 are two friction elements 1 . 2 arranged, the over-facing friction surfaces 10 . 20 can be brought into engagement with one another in order to be able to lock a deflectable adjusting part continuously in partially deflected position by the (static) static friction acting in this case.

The first friction element 1 is formed by a portion of the inner wall of the housing 5 , Specifically, a portion of the inner wall of the housing base 51 , which is formed rotationally symmetrical with respect to a housing axis A and the one to the housing bottom of the housing base 51 towards conically tapered friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 defines or forms. Thus, the first friction element 1 designed housing-fixed by its respect to the housing axis A rotationally symmetrical, conically tapered friction surface 10 an immediate part of an annular circumferential inner side wall of the housing 5 forms.

alternative may be a housing-fixed first friction element, for example also be realized by a separate from the inner wall of the housing Friction element is fixed inside the housing.

The (disk-shaped) second friction element 2 is rotatable on a shaft 3 stored at both ends 31 . 32 in each case in an assigned warehouse 53 respectively. 54 of the housing 5 is rotatably mounted and the axis of rotation A coincides with the housing axis, with respect to the first friction element 1 is rotationally symmetrical. The second friction element 2 is also (apart from a structuring of its friction surface) formed substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to that axis A and tapers - as well as the first friction element 1 - to the (on the lower housing part 51 provided) housing bottom out. This defines the second friction element 2 at its outer periphery a conical friction surface 20 that of the conical friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 is opposite and frictionally engageable with this.

To the friction surfaces 10 . 20 the two friction elements 1 . 2 frictionally engageable with each other is an elastic element 4 in the form of a spring, more precisely designed as a compression spring coil spring, provided the shaft 3 encompasses and on the one hand at a widened end portion 32 the wave 3 and on the other hand on the second friction element 2 supported, in such a way that it has the tendency, the second friction element 2 against the first friction element 1 to brace and thereby the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 to engage with each other. In other words, the effective direction R is that of the prestressed elastic element 4 applied forces or bias such that they are along the shaft 3 or whose axis A extends and the second friction element 2 along that direction R against the first friction element 1 braced.

For axial movement of the co-rotating on the shaft 3 mounted second friction element 2 to allow this along the direction of action R of the bias of the elastic element 4 defined with the friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 can be brought into engagement, the rotationally fixed mounting of the second friction element takes place 2 on the associated shaft 3 by means of interlocking positive-locking areas 25 . 35 of the friction element 2 and the wave 3 , which has an axial mobility of the second friction element 2 along the axis A of the shaft 3 (and thus also the coincident housing axis) allow. Specifically form the positive locking areas 25 . 35 Here, by way of example, a tongue and groove connection with one on the second friction element 2 provided groove 25 which extends along the shaft axis A and with an associated one of the shaft 3 out into the groove 25 in protruding spring 35 in the form of a projection.

The one from the wave 3 outwardly protruding positive-locking area 35 in the form of a spring engages in the associated positive connection region 25 in the form of a groove of the second friction element 2 a that the second friction element 2 - Except for an optionally available Drehwinkelspiel - substantially rotationally fixed to the shaft 3 is stored, however - under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 - Can move along the axis A limited, wherein the (maximum) possible extent of the shift is limited by the fact that the second friction element 2 under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 with its friction surface 20 against the associated friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 is pressed.

Due to its axially displaceable mounting is the second friction element 2 under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 such (automatically) traceable that it - even after a long period of operation of the holding device and associated wear - always defined with the associated friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 is in an attack. The tracking takes place automatically under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 and taking advantage of the axial displaceability of the second friction element 2 along the wave 3 ,

The material for the friction surfaces 10 . 20 the two friction elements 1 . 2 is to be chosen so that the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 when under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 engage with each other, generate a sufficiently large static friction in order to lock by means of the holding device partially deflected with respect to a structural assembly adjustment in its deflected position can. Suitable material combinations for the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 have already been stated above. In the present case, it can be assumed by way of example that the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 each consist of POM (polyoxymethylene).

In addition to a reliable locking of a deflected adjusting the parking brake (holding device) should also allow as smooth as possible deflection of the corresponding adjustment part; that is, between the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 the friction elements 1 . 2 acting friction forces to a relative movement of the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 to each other as low as possible.

In other words, between the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 at a Relative movement sliding friction be significantly lower, if possible be many times less than the (static) static friction between the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 acts when the second friction element 2 in rest position by the elastic element 4 against the first friction element 1 is tense.

The movement of the second friction element 2 in a deflection of an associated, to be locked by means of the holding device adjusting part, for example a door or a window is thereby triggered by the fact that the shaft 3 on which the second friction element 2 is rotatably mounted, is coupled to that deflectable adjustment part, in such a way that a deflection of that adjusting part, so as a door or a window, in a rotational movement of the shaft 3 is implemented around its axis A. For this, the wave 3 on the one hand attack directly on a pivot axis about which a deflectable adjustment is pivoted, or it can the shaft 3 be preceded by a transmission via which a deflection of the corresponding adjustment part is converted into a rotational movement of the shaft. Such a transmission can then, for example, a defined translation (for increased speeds of the second friction element) cause or a directional deflection, about the shaft 3 to be able to arrange in a certain spatial direction.

As a result, so the second friction element 2 about the associated wave 3 to couple with an associated, deflectable adjustment such that a deflection of that adjustment a rotational movement of the shaft 3 entails.

The other, first friction element 1 is then in such a way (with respect to a structural assembly) to fix, that it is not taken in a deflection of the adjusting part to be determined. This can be achieved in particular by the fact that the housing 5 , on the inner wall of the first friction element 1 with its friction surface 10 is formed, is arranged on the structure side, for example on a door or window frame.

As a result, a deflection movement of the deflectable adjusting part assigned to the holding device results in the second friction element 2 by means of the shaft 3 about the axis A with respect to the first friction element 1 is twisted, with the two conical friction surfaces 10 . 20 glide together. The aim now is to limit the sliding friction forces occurring while at the same time guaranteeing the greatest possible static static frictional forces such that a deflection of the said adjusting part does not counteract excessive frictional forces. For this purpose, on the one hand, a suitable selection of the two cooperating friction surfaces 10 . 20 contribute materials used, in particular by using such material pairings in which the static static friction is substantially greater, in particular many times greater than the sliding friction.

Alternatively or additionally, the use of an additional or intermediate medium Z is provided here, which during a movement of the second friction element 2 relative to the first friction element 1 between the mutually facing friction surfaces 10 . 20 the two friction elements 1 . 2 to bring and reduces the frictional forces. As a lubricant for reducing frictional forces, a suitable oil, for example, fluorosilicone base oil with ester additives can be used, especially in combination with friction surfaces 10 . 20 , each consisting of POM.

The additional or intermediate medium Z in the form of a lubricant, ie consisting of a flowable material, is in the lower housing part 51 provided, with such a filling height, that it at least up to the bottom of the housing facing the bottom of the second friction element 2 zoom ranges.

Thus during a relative movement, ie a rotational movement, of the second friction element 2 with respect to the first friction element 1 , A sufficient proportion of the flowable additional or intermediate medium Z between the friction surfaces 10 . 20 the two friction elements 1 . 2 can reach and thus the sliding friction is reduced accordingly, are along the friction surface 20 of the second friction element 2 guide channels 21 provided, compare 1b and 1c , along which the additional or intermediate medium during a rotational movement of the second friction element 2 can ascend, leaving it between the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 arrives.

In the resting state of the second friction element 2 Thus, when about a deflected adjustment is to be locked by means of the holding device in the deflected position, the additional or intermediate medium Z is under the action of the biasing force of the elastic element 4 from the area between the adjoining friction surfaces 10 . 20 pushed out, so that the stiction is not affected.

According to the in 1b shown embodiment of the second friction element 2 are the channels 21 as depressions (grooves or grooves) in the friction surface 20 of the second friction element 2 formed essentially along the shaft 3 or whose axis A extend, but - according to the inclination of the friction surface 20 - are inclined to that direction.

At the in 1c the variant shown consists of the friction surface 20 of the second friction element 2 from a plurality along the circumferential direction of the disk-shaped friction element successively arranged spherical sections, for example, each represent a circular section whose radius r _{b is} smaller than the radius r _{o of} the circular path along which the spherical portions are arranged one behind the other. As a result, at the locations where the spherical sections adjoin one another, each guide channels 21 formed for the flowable additional or intermediate medium Z.

Overall, therefore, based on the 1a to 1c the following: ends the deflection movement, which has led to the displacement of an adjusting part associated with the holding device, for example a door, then the shaft rotates 3 not further and the second friction element 2 lies the first friction element 1 stationary opposite, wherein the mutual friction surfaces 10 . 20 abut each other. Under the action of the elastic element 4 generated biasing force is then the between the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 located intermediate medium Z at least pushed away at the points where the friction surfaces 10 . 20 lie directly against each other. After a short transitional period, which is required for the pushing away of the intermediate medium Z, then sets the increased (dry) static friction between the two friction surfaces 10 . 20 one.

If the corresponding adjusting part is later moved again, for example, in order to deflect it further or to fold it back into its original position, the static friction between the friction surfaces must first be achieved for this purpose 10 . 20 overcome the holding device. As soon as the second friction element 2 with its friction surface 20 again with respect to the first friction element 1 and its friction surface 10 is moved, that is, is rotated, is by means of the guide channels 21 that during the rotational movement of the second friction element 2 gradually all areas of the friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 paint over, make sure the friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 is continuously wetted with intermediate medium Z, then on the friction surface 20 of the second friction element 2 can slide with reduced sliding friction.

2 shows a modification of the embodiment 1a , according to the housing 5 in its installed position, ie in the position in which it is intended to grow on a structural assembly, is oriented so that the shaft 3 and whose axis A extend horizontally while in the in 1a shown embodiment, the shaft 3 and whose axis A is vertically extended in the installation position.

In the case of the arrangement 2 Thus, the additional or intermediate medium Z does not accumulate exclusively in the lower housing part 51 (as with the arrangement of 1a is possible), so that here a seal of the connection area between the two housing parts 51 . 52 is required. For this purpose, the two housing parts 51 . 52 via in each case one outwardly projecting, for example ring-shaped, mounting flange 51a . 52a to each other and indeed with the interposition of a seal D between the two mounting flanges 51a . 52a ,

3 shows a further modification of the arrangement 1a , according to the two friction surface pairs 10 . 20 such as 110 . 120 are provided, along each of which a housing-fixed first friction element 1 respectively. 101 and a second friction element rotatable therefor 2 respectively. 102 interact. The two housing-fixed friction elements 1 . 101 are each on the inner wall of the housing 5 formed, and that lying opposite each other, a first friction element 1 at the lower housing part 51 and the other first friction element 101 on the upper part of the housing 52 , The on the inner wall of the housing base 51 trained friction element 1 tapers conically towards the housing bottom and that on the inner wall of the housing upper part 52 trained friction element 101 tapers conically to the upper deck surface of the housing top 52 out. The two housing-fixed friction elements 1 . 101 are thus substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to a perpendicular to the axis A of the shaft 3 extending level formed.

In the through the two housing parts 51 . 52 formed housing 5 , its housing parts 51 . 52 over outwardly projecting mounting flanges 51a . 52a are interconnected, also two second friction elements 2 . 102 taken, each one of the first friction elements 1 . 101 or on the inner wall of the housing 5 trained friction surface 10 . 110 assigned. In this case, this is the housing-part-side first friction element 1 associated second friction element 2 , as well as in the case of 1a and 2 , about one in 3 schematically indicated tongue and groove connection V rotatably on the in the housing 5 protruding wave 3 fixed and at the same time axially along the shaft 3 or whose axis A displaceable.

The other, the housing shell-side first friction element 101 facing second friction element 102 In contrast, it is fixed without play, so about one piece, with the wave 3 connected. Both second friction elements 2 . 102 each have a conically tapered friction surface on the outer circumference 20 respectively. 120 on, with the respective associated friction surface 10 . 110 the associated first friction element 1 respectively. 101 frictionally engageable. For this purpose is between the two second Reibele instruments 2 . 102 arranged at least one elastic element in the form of a compression spring, which has the tendency, the two second friction elements 2 . 102 along the wave 3 or their axis A in opposite directions R1, R2 to press apart such that each of the two second friction elements 2 . 102 with its friction surface 20 respectively. 120 against the friction surface 10 respectively. 110 the associated first friction element 1 . 101 is pressed.

An axial displaceability of the housing lower part side second friction element 2 is by its longitudinally movable mounting on the shaft 3 guaranteed. The other, the housing shell-side second friction element 102 is in contrast rigid with the shaft 3 connected here, with a mobility along the shaft axis A z. B. thereby, that the shaft 3 in total in the axial direction movable on the housing 5 is stored. Optionally, but also the housing upper side friction surface pair 110 . 120 in permanent engagement.

Incidentally, the individual pairs of friction surfaces are correct 10 . 20 respectively. 110 . 120 in its embodiment with the basis 1a explained friction surface pair 1 . 2 so for more details on the remarks on the 1a to 1c is referenced.

By the formation of two pairs of friction surfaces 10 . 20 ; 110 . 120 at the in 3 shown arrangement, instead of only a friction surface pair 10 . 20 at the in 1a and 2 arrangements shown, with the holding device, a correspondingly greater locking force than the sum of the two friction surface pairs 10 . 20 ; 110 . 120 acting friction forces are achieved.

4 shows a modification of the embodiment 1 with three housing-fixed first friction elements 1a . 1b . 1c and two rotatably on the shaft 3 arranged second friction elements 2a . 2 B wherein the first and second friction elements 1a . 1b . 1c ; 2a . 2 B alternately along the shaft 3 or whose axis A are arranged one behind the other. As friction surfaces are not used here the outer peripheral surfaces of the disc-shaped friction elements 1a . 1b . 1c ; 2a . 2 B but rather their tops and bottoms 10a . 10b . 10c ; 20a . 20b , so that a plurality of Reibflächenpaarungen 10a . 20a ; 20a . 10b ; 10b . 20b ; 20b . 10c shows, in each case a friction surface 10a . 10b . 10c a housing-fixed first friction element 1a . 1b . 1c on a friction surface 20a . 20b a co-rotating on the shaft 3 mounted second friction element 2a . 2 B is applied, under the action of the tension of at least one elastic element 4 in the form of a compression spring, on the one hand on the housing 5 , In particular its top surface, and on the other hand on a housing fixed - but movable in the axial direction - friction element 1c supported.

Here is only one ( 1a ) of the housing-fixed friction elements 1a . 1b . 1c formed as part of an inner housing wall, namely the housing bottom, while the other two housing-mounted friction elements 1b . 1c each along the shaft 3 or whose axis A is slidably received via a tongue and groove connection V in a side wall of the housing.

Of the two second friction elements 2a . 2 B is a friction element 2a rigid, in particular one-piece, with the shaft 3 connected and the other friction element 2 B via a tongue and groove connection V axially longitudinally movable (but simultaneously co-rotating or rotationally fixed) on the shaft 3 arranged. A longitudinal mobility of the integral with the shaft 3 molded second friction element 2a This may result from the fact that the wave 3 Total limited longitudinally movable in the housing 5 is stored.

By tension of the housing bottom facing away, outermost (upper) first friction element 1c in the axial direction by means of at least one elastic element 4 , wherein the axial mobility of the via a tongue and groove connection on the housing 5 mounted upper, first friction element 1c is exploited, the Reibflächenpaare 10a . 20a ; 20a . 10b ; 10b . 20b ; 20b . 10c under the action of the elastic biasing force pressed against each other so that a desired static friction force is created, which serves to lock a deflected Verstellteiles in the deflected position.

Since here the power gain by wedge effect, as in the embodiments of the 1a . 2 and 3 exists, does not apply, is at the in 4 shown arrangement achieves a sufficiently large locking force, that cooperate here a total of four friction surface pairs.

Only a first friction element 1a with its friction surface 10a is immovable in the axial direction on the housing 5 , more precisely on the housing bottom, formed. All other friction elements 1b . 1c respectively. 2a . 2 B are slidably mounted in the axial direction, wherein the two first friction elements 1b . 1c via a respective tongue and groove connection V longitudinally movable on a side wall of the housing lower part 51 are stored and the two second friction elements 2a . 2 B via a tongue and groove connection V longitudinally movable on the shaft 3 are included.

5 shows in a development of the embodiment 4 a doubling of the arrangement 4 that is, it is both on a lower housing part 51 as well as on an upper housing part 52 one each from first and second friction elements 1a . 1b . 1c ; 2a . 2 B respectively. 101 . 101b . 101c ; 102a . 102b existing arrangement provided, wherein the two friction element arrangements by means of elastic elements 4 braced, which are viewed in the axial direction between the two arrangements and the two arrangements in mutually opposite directions R1 and R2 clamped so that their friction surfaces each generating a correspondingly large frictional force, in particular a stiction with stationary (non-rotating) shaft 3 , pressed against each other.

Both in the case of the arrangement 4 as well as in the case of the arrangement 5 is in each case in the housing 5 arranged an additional or intermediate medium Z, during a rotation of the second friction elements 2a . 2 B respectively. 2a . 2 B ; 102a . 102b via suitable channels between the adjoining friction surfaces 10a . 10b . 10c ; 20a . 20b such as 110a . 110b . 110c ; 120a . 120b the friction elements can be performed to reduce the sliding friction, and the stationary shaft 3 and thus resting second friction elements 2a . 2 B respectively. 2a . 2 B ; 102a . 102b through the of the elastic elements 4 applied biasing force is pushed out of the area between the mutually facing friction surfaces in order to achieve a maximum static static friction and thus the greatest possible locking force of the holding device.

In the 6a to 6d are differently shaped positive-locking regions on a second friction element 2 Shown in cross-section, over which the respective disc-shaped second friction element 2 rotatably but at the same time longitudinally displaceable on an associated shaft 3 , see. 1a to 5 , can be arranged.

6a schematically shows again from the 1a to 1c , especially the 1b and 1c known embodiment of a positive connection region 25 as one along the wave 3 or whose axis A extended groove.

According to 6b are on the inner circumference of the disc-shaped friction element e along the circumferential direction a plurality of such positive-locking areas 25 , in the present example, four positive locking areas, arranged one behind the other.

According to 6c have the at the inner periphery of the disc-shaped friction element 2 in the circumferential direction successively arranged form-fitting areas 26 in cross section in each case a rounded shape and according to 6d are form-fitting areas 27 each provided with a triangular shape in cross section.

7a shows that in a form-locking area 25 in the form of a groove on the inner circumference of a friction element 2 a form-locking area 35 in the form of a wave-side, from the shaft 3 or more precisely its outer surface protruding and into the groove 25 engaging spring can protrude into it.

Likewise, however, it is also possible for a positive-locking region formed by a groove 25 on the inner surface of the second friction element 2 an opposite further groove 35 ' on the outer surface of the shaft 3 be assigned, wherein the compound is then produced by a closure element E, which in through the two grooves 25 . 35 ' inserted cavity is inserted.

7b makes it clear, as with a tongue and groove connection, formed by a groove-like form-fitting region 25 on the second friction element 2 and one of the wave 3 protruding spring 35 a (non-rotatable or at least co-rotating) connection can be made, which is a displaceability of the friction element 2 in the axial direction a allows by the groove 25 in the axial direction a has a greater extent than the spring to be stored therein 35 but at the same time perpendicular to the axial direction a, the spring 35 (except for possibly provided rotation angle clearance) substantially immovable in the associated groove 25 sitting.

Of course, conversely, at least one groove on the shaft 3 and at least one associated spring on the second friction element 2 be provided, such. B. in the above 2 to 5 indicated schematically.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004034247 B3 [0004]

Claims (48)

Holding device for locking a relative to a structural assembly displaceable adjusting part, which is locked by means of the holding device in a displacement region in a respective achieved by displacement rest position, with - at least a first friction element of the holding device and - at least a second friction element of the holding device, the relative to the displacement of the adjustment is moved to the first friction element and thereby can slide under sliding friction conditions with a friction surface along a friction surface of the first friction element and which rests in a respective rest position of the adjustment with its friction surface under static friction conditions on the friction surface of the first friction element, characterized in that a flowable additional medium ( Z) is provided, which in a relative movement of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) between their friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) can be brought. Holding device according to claim 1, characterized in that on one of the friction elements at least one guide channel ( 21 ) is provided, via which the flowable additional medium (Z) between the mutually associated friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) can be brought. Holding device according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one guide channel ( 21 ) on one of the friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ) are provided. Holding device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the at least one guide channel ( 21 . 22 . 23 ) on the movable second friction element ( 2 ) is provided. Holding device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the at least one guide channel ( 21 ) by a recessed structure of the friction surface ( 20 ) of a friction element ( 2 ) is formed. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction surface ( 20 ) of the second friction element ( 2 ) is performed at least partially spherical, so that the friction element ( 2 ) only over a part of its friction surface ( 20 ) with the friction surface ( 10 ) of the associated first friction element ( 1 ) is engageable. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for cooperating friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ; 102a . 102b ) a material pairing of the following material pairings is selected: - steel / plastic, - light metal casting / plastic, - plastic / plastic, - steel / light metal casting. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for at least one of the friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) a plastics material selected from the following plastics is used: - polyamide, - polyurethane, - polystyrene, - polycarbonate, - polyoxymethylene, - polysulfone, - poly-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ester, - polyetheretherketone, - Acrylic butadiene styrene. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flowable additional medium (Z) selected from the following flowable media is: - oil, Emulsion on the Base of oil, - Dispersion on the base of oil, - Fat. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the materials of the cooperating friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) and the associated additional medium (Z) are selected from the following material combinations: - steel / polyamide / oil, - steel / polyetheretherketone / oil, - polyoxymethylene / polyoxymethylene / oil. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) Additional medium (Z) can be stored. Holding device according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) consists of a material in the molecular structure of the additional medium (Z) is einlagerbar Holding device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that at least one of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) consists of a porous material, in the capillary structure of the additional medium (Z) is einlagerbar. Holding device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that at least one of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) has a reservoir for the additional medium (Z), wherein the friction element preferably also has an open-pored capillary structure. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additional medium (Z) in a housing ( 5 ) is received, in which the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) are provided. Holding device according to claim 15, characterized in that the housing ( 5 ) is sealed against leakage of the additional medium (Z). Holding device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that between a wall of the housing ( 5 ) and the second friction element ( 2 . 2a . 2 B . 102 . 102a . 102b ) a closed space for the additional medium (Z) is formed. Holding device for locking a relative to a structural assembly displaceable adjusting part, which is locked by means of the holding device in a displacement region in a respective achieved by displacement rest position, with - at least a first friction element of the holding device and - at least a second friction element of the holding device, the relative to the displacement of the adjustment is moved to the first friction element and thereby can slide under sliding friction conditions with a friction surface along a friction surface of the first friction element and in a respective rest position of the adjustment with its friction surface under static friction conditions on the friction surface of the first friction element, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the first and second friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) are braced against each other in such a way that they tend to interfere with their friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c ; 120a . 120b ) and at least one friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) along the effective direction (R; R1, R2) of the pretension with respect to the other friction element ( 1 ; 1a . 1b . 1c ; 101 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ) is stored. Holding device according to claim 18, characterized in that means are provided in order by the tension of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) between the adjoining friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c ; 120a . 120b ) reinforce acting stiction. Holding device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 110 . 120 ) of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 101 . 102 ) extend at an angle to the effective direction (R; R1, R2) of the bias voltage. Holding device according to claim 20, characterized in that the friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 110 . 120 ) of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 101 . 102 ) tapered to the direction of action (R; R1, R2) of the bias voltage. Holding device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the friction surfaces ( 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) of the friction elements ( 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) are oriented substantially perpendicular to the effective direction (R; R1, R2) of the bias voltage. Holding device according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that a plurality of pairs of cooperating friction surfaces ( 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) are provided, which are each braced against each other. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two pairs of friction elements ( 1 . 2 . 101 . 102 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B . 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) are braced against each other in the opposite effective direction (R1, R2). Holding device according to claim 24, characterized in that an elastic element ( 4 ) for clamping the pairs of friction elements ( 1 . 2 . 101 . 102 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B . 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) between the pairs of friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 101 . 102 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) is arranged. Holding device according to one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that at least one friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) along the direction of action (R; R1, R2) of the bias voltage with respect to the other friction element (FIG. 1 ; 1a . 1b . 1c ; 101 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ) is stored, so that one friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) under the action of the biasing force automatically against the other friction element ( 1 ; 1a . 1b . 1c ; 101 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ) can be tracked. Holding device according to one of claims 18 to 26, characterized in that at least one friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) by guiding means ( 21 . 31 ) defined along the effective direction (R; R1, R2) of the bias voltage is guided. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) elastically against the other friction element ( 1 ; 1a . 1b . 1c ; 101 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ) is biased. Holding device according to claim 28, characterized in that for generating the bias an elastic element ( 4 ), in particular in the form of a compression spring, is provided. Holding device according to one of claims 18 to 28, characterized in that the bias by magnetic Forces is applied. Holding device according to claim 30, characterized in that one of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) or a component ( 5 . 51 . 52 ) consists of a magnetic flux conducting material and that the other of the friction elements ( 1 ; 1a . 1b . 1c ; 101 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ) or a component connected thereto at least partially made of a magnetic material. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) in a housing ( 5 ) are arranged. Holding device according to claim 32, characterized in that a friction element ( 1 ; 1a . 1b . 1c ; 101 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ) is arranged fixed to the housing and a friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 . 102a . 102b ) when displacing the adjusting part (H, S) relative to the one friction element movable on the housing ( 5 ) is stored. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 . 102a . 102b ) is coupled to the adjusting part (H, S) in such a way that the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 . 102a . 102b ) during a displacement of the adjusting part (H, S) relative to the first friction element ( 1 ; 1a . 1b . 1c ; 101 ; 101 . 101b . 101c ) is twisted. Holding device according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the second friction element ( 2 ; 102 ) is coupled to the adjusting part such that the second friction element ( 2 ; 102 ) during a displacement of the adjusting part (H, T) relative to the first friction element ( 1 ; 101 ) is moved. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) with the adjusting part (H, S) via a coupling mechanism ( 3 ) is coupled. Holding device according to claim 36, characterized in that the coupling mechanism ( 3 ) for distance bridging between the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) and an adjusting member (H, S) associated with the output element. Holding device according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that the coupling mechanism is a shaft ( 3 ), with which the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) is connected co-rotating and which is in operative connection with the adjusting part (H, S). Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) is coupled via a transmission with the adjustment part (H, S). Holding device according to claim 39, characterized in that that the gear is used for the translation. Holding device according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that the transmission for the spatial deflection of one of the adjusting part (H, S) on the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) transmitted moment serves. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) rotating on a shaft ( 3 ) is mounted, which is rotated at a displacement of the adjusting part (H, S). Holding device according to claim 42, characterized in that the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) in such a form-fitting manner with the shaft ( 3 ), that the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) with respect to the shaft ( 3 ) is mounted co-rotating and axially movable at the same time. Holding device according to claim 43, characterized in that for the connection of the second friction element ( 2 ; 2a . 2 B ; 102 ; 102a . 102b ) with the Wave ( 3 ) a tongue and groove connection ( 25 . 35 , V), a tooth engagement or other interlocking positive-locking areas ( 25 . 35 ' , E) are provided. Holding device according to one of claims 39 to 41 and one of claims 42 to 44, characterized in that the shaft ( 3 ) is coupled via the transmission with the adjusting part. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) over which the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ), consist of materials that are selected so that the sliding friction during a relative movement of the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) is substantially smaller than the static friction at rest resting the friction elements ( 1 . 2 ; 1a . 1b . 1c . 2a . 2 B ; 101 . 102 ; 101 . 101b . 101c . 102a . 102b ) over their friction surfaces ( 10 . 20 ; 10a . 10b . 10c . 20a . 20b ; 110 . 120 ; 110a . 110b . 110c . 120a . 120b ) under the effect of preload. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of static friction for sliding friction is at least 3, in particular between 5 and 10 lies. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of static friction for sliding friction is at least 10.