DE2012782B - Method of making heavy, compact hammerbars - Google Patents

Description

ben, bear and die are attached to each other by clamping connections (USA.-Patent 2634 142). Connections by shrinking or screwing

The invention relates to a process for production which is known, for example from patent specification no. lung of heavy, compact hammerbears. 55 39 371. Column 1, of the Office for Invention and With the steady increase in the size of the drop-patent system in East Berlin and the French paschal items Inevitably they had to get their registration 1 396 765.

Shaping required machines and urinary it is also the application of a welding mer Keep pace. The most heavily used Ma process for connecting the parts of a hollow bear The machine element of a complete system is known from the 60 (German Patent 803 144), with the Hamrnerbär and especially the top bear. This suggestion is based on a hollow bear in which From a structural point of view, it is a body that closes the cavity at the upper end which is used in connection with the lid due to its weight. Instead of the lid, there is now a dynamic acceleration forces high loads, pot-like shaped part through a cross to the impact has to record. Inevitably, with a 65 direction of the running shrink weld seam with the such machine part also connected certain zones and large hollow parts. This weld is supposed to rich ones exist, in which at the border of the techno- as far away as possible from the sleeping zone of the bear-logic Material properties are approached to be arranged in order to cope with the stress of the body

Keep the welded connection within the permissible limits.

With the problem of improving a heavy, compact, one-piece hammer bear within the meaning of the invention, however, this citation has nothing in common. It is simply a question of how to make hollow bears less expensive than by pinching the top and bottom of the drilled out Blank or the blank drilled out from above and then provided with a cover for can manufacture the bear body. Moreover, there is a use of a butt-welded hollow bear in the Practice not known.

In the case of the one connected according to the invention by welding with filler material and then heat-treated compact, heavy hammerbears, the connection point lies transversely between the shaft and Foot part.

According to a particular embodiment, the hammer bear is characterized by eiren by the Shank extending through the foot, possibly with welded, cast or forged Beard paws.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a connection point (welding plane) lies approximately in half the foot height, while the rest of the foot has a connection point perpendicular to it.

The shaft can also have several longitudinal connection points and its connection with the foot can be about halfway up the foot.

The shaft preferably has a fiber course parallel to its longitudinal axis. On the other hand, he has Foot prefers a fiber course transverse to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. Likewise, have bearded paws, too the welded, preferably a fiber course at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

In another embodiment, the shaft has a cover weld than the surface quality of the run points surrounding improving cover layer. Preferably have joint and cover welds the same composition. It is advantageous to polish the top weld by means of burnishing or ball hammers to solidify.

Surface layers at the guide points are known (German utility model 1 785 500).

Before welding, a per se is expedient known buffer layer applied.

The hammerbear is generally made by forging or, if necessary, rolling a suitable steel to the prefabricated parts; and that is preferred, the hammer foot a 1.5 to 10-fold forging with fiber flow transverse to the longitudinal axis of the shaft and the shaft a 1.5 to 3-fold forging with fiber orientation bestowed parallel to its longitudinal axis. In the event that the shaft or the foot or both are made up of sections are to be assembled, heat treatment becomes appropriate after joining the Teilstückc made to the foot or to the shaft. On the other hand, the heat treatment, the quenching and tempering, of the shaft and foot before they are united by welding and laying a cover sweat instead. For the connection welds The electroslag welding process is expediently used. However, so is the application the submerged arc welding process or the mig welding process are by no means excluded

As can be seen from the above illustration, the material for the individual cable is essentially forged or rolled steels are used. It is a preferred rule within the scope of the invention, these materials according to the special stresses of the parts for which they are used in Hammerbär will be selected. In the following, steels that are particularly suitable are specified.

A steel with the following is preferably used for the shaft Analysis to be provided:

C 0.15 to 0.70 percent by weight

Si 0.10 to 0.80 percent by weight

Mn, 0.20 to 1.5 weight percent

Cr 0.20 to 2.0 weight percent

Mo 0 to 1.4 percent by weight

preferably 0.30 to 1.40%

Ni 0 to 2.5 percent by weight

voii. usually 0.30 to 2.5%

V 0 to O.dO percent by weight

preferably 0.10 to 0.50%

W 0 to 0.80 percent by weight

preferably 0.20 to 0.80%

^a 5 remainder iron with the usual impurities

The foot advantageously has the following composition:

C 0.20 to 0.80 percent by weight

Si 0.10 to 0.80 percent by weight

Mn 0.20 to 1.5 weight percent

Cr 0.30 to 2.0 weight percent

Mo 0 to 1.4 percent by weight

preferably 0.30 to 1.4%

Ni 0 to 2.5 percent by weight

preferably 15.30 to 2.5%

V 0 to 0.70 percent by weight

preferably 0.10 to 0.70%

W 0 to 1.0 percent by weight

preferably 0.20 to 1.0%

Remainder iron with the usual impurities

The joint or cover weld preferably has the following analysis:

C 0.03 to 0.20 percent by weight

Si 0.30 to 0.90 percent by weight

Mn 0.30 to 1.5 percent by weight

5 «Cr 0.50 to 3.5 percent by weight

Mo 0 to 2.0 percent by weight

preferably 0.30 to 2.0 percent Ni 0 to 1.5 percent by weight

preferably 0.30 to 1.5% V 0 to 0.90 percent by weight

preferably 0.10 to 0.90%

W 0 to 1.2 percent by weight

preferably 0.20 to 1.2%

Remainder iron with the usual impurities

The buffer layer between the tempered individual parts preferably has the following analysis:

C 0.05 to 0.30 percent by weight

Si 0.10 to 0.50 weight percent

Mn 0.10 to 0.90 weight percent

Remainder iron with the usual impurities

5 6

In the following , the invention is based on some welds 2 in the core were connected to one another.

\ execution examples are described. It show in the adjoining outer part is located

F i g. 1 and 2 the side view of a partially cut between the adjacent buffer layers 4 a

ien hammer bears, further weld 2. The entire shaft 1 is from

F i g. 3 shows a side view of a hammer bear, 5 surrounded by surface-hardened (11) cover welds9.

Fi g. 4 shows a section according to AA in FIG. 3, during the manufacture of the hammer bear according to FIG

Fig. 3 is a side view of a hammer bear, Fig. 9 the following steps are to be observed: the puffing

F i g. 6 shows a section according to BB of FIG. 5, layers 4 are made by means of a wire or tape F i g. 7 is a side view of a hammer bear, electrode welded, preferably the following F i g. 8 shows a section according to CC in FIG. 7, io chemical composition has: Fig. 9 is a side view of a partially cut _c 0.03 to 0.1 percent by weight

Hammerable _t ^ ^^^ ^ ^ _χ ^ _{Mn 0.15 to 0) 40} percent by weight

Foot 3 joined by joint welds 2 Si 0.20 to 0.40 percent by weight

are. Between the weld joint 2 and the rest of the iron and the usual impurities Foot 3 or part of the shaft 1 is located

the buffer layer 4. The joint welding 2 is after the buffer layers and the into the cover weld 9 surrounding the shaft. Partial electroslag welding is preferred F i g. 2 shows a hammerable device carried out analogously to a heat treatment. The Homo-F i g. 1, but without a buffer layer 4. Ao genization of the structure and the achievement of a Ver-In F i g. 3, the shaft 1 of the hammer bear has a remuneration effect through this heat treatment already part of the foot 3. The fibers of this are more effective, the smaller the size to be treated Shank part run parallel to the longitudinal axis. Countersunk items are. For this reason, according to right to this, the fibers run in the two-part Bär-F i g. 9 aucti carried out an advance payment. To foot 3, which is also connected to the final weld in BeSchaft 1 via the joint welds 2. The two Bärfußunterteile 3 rich of the buffered zones is such a versind by a perpendicular weld quality treatment revenges necessary because the under connected with each other. The section in FIG. 4 does not thermally show the material lying on the buffer layer the solidified surface surrounding the shaft 1 is influenced. This weld can favorably (11) Cover welds 9 and the course of the connection 30 · after the submerged arc or mig welding process connection welding 2 in Bärfuß 3. can be carried out.

In Fig. 5 the shaft 1 extends through the foot 3 through the work hardening 11 - z. B. Embossing

through. The longitudinal fibers extend over the medium or ball hammers - are pressure

entire shaft 1. On the sides are specified via the connections.

weld 2 beard paws 10 attached, with a fiber 3 «The advantages achieved according to the invention exist

run perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 1. Once in that small cast cross-sections

F i g. 6 is the course of the welding joints of the connec- tion, their crystallization which

Manifold welding 2 and the shank 1 with large surface cross-sections is superior. Furthermore will

solidified cover weld 9 shown. Abrupt cross-sectional transitions always when casting F i g. 7 and 8 show a hammer bear with 40 avoided, which results in harmful increases.

Shaft 1 and foot 3, which are made up of several individual parts;

are composed. In the shaft 1 there is a borrowed stress zone of a hammer bear det

square core 8, which are introduced via the connecting material that corresponds to the respective

weld 2 with the pre-rolled segments 5 . The pre-rolled segments 5 have technological properties and fiber run

neither semifinished nor are they best matched by material.

ablation, e.g. B. scarfing. Autogen planing, in which the sensible breakdown of the bear into a> elm

desired shape. These outlying segments will be a further improvement

Semicircular segments 5 consist of solidifiable technological values, through the high i like (11) material. The foot 3 is divided into four 50 degrees of forging and rolling. Under Bc

Segments 6. 7. consideration of the direction of stress can be di

Fig. 9 shows a hammer bear with shaft 1 and fibers are placed so that ^ the highest GUu

Foot 3. which is initially only available via the connection values (longitudinal values).

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (9)

the must. The constructive safety factor is there. 1. Method of making heavy, grain-like hammerbears by forging pact hammer bears, which if necessary produce bar castings or steel mold castings. Emphasize size and shape in which several forged parts are correct, whether one cast or one forged or cast hammerbear parts are given preference to hammerbears that have died together. Man be bound, characterized by foot dimensions of more than 1000-1000 mm net that by welding with additional work- in general only as steel material for reasons of cost be connected and that then heat-cast io manufactured. Treated by the flow and eruption will. Rigid conditions arise particularly with 2. Hammerbear, manufactured using the process of large cast steel cross-sections, considerable sewing parts. according to claim 1, characterized in that, increases are inevitable in the core area as is known per se, the transverse connec- tions cause poorer material properties. Depending on fitting parts between the shaft and the foot part. 15 Analysis of the material can use the technological 3. Hammerbär, produced according to the process properties through heat treatment only in according to claim 1, characterized by being influenced to a limited extent. With big ones the shaft (1) reaching through the foot (3), hammer bears, the heat treatment is almost entirely possible with welded, cast-on jointless. Disadvantageous for casting and heat treatment or forged beard paws (10). ao are also bodies with intricate shapes. Special 4. Hammerbär, produced by the method ders blatant cross-sectional transitions are critical according to claim 1, characterized in that to be addressed. Errors that lead to failures show one connection point about half foot height, once in the Bärfuß, and the other in the Bärhals,
(Fig. 3) and the rest of the foot has a lowering to it. Label ways (e.g. material) to avoid the scrap 5. Hammerbear, produced without the process of reducing the rate. In addition, attempts were made to remedy this by according to claim 1, characterized in that constructive considerations. However, the shaft has several longitudinal connection loads during operation - under places and its connection with the neglect of the structural strength and fatigue strength - is about halfway up the foot (Figs. 7, 8). 30 often to the limits of the calculated and to 6. Hammerbear, produced according to the method part idealized values increased and sometimes according to claim 1, characterized in that even beyond it. A fundamental change the shaft (1) a fiber course parallel to that was not brought about. its longitudinal axis that the foot (3) has a fiber The invention is based on the object of a run transversely to the longitudinal axis of the shaft (1) and 35 drive for the production of heavy, compact Hammtr the beard paws (10) to find a vertical fiber course, which allows for adaptation to the bctricb have to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. borrowed loads are specially designed 7. Hammer bear with a surface finish and therefore better withstand them. The top layer that improves the guided areas, according to the invention there is the new hammer bear produced by the method according to claim 1, 40 from individual parts which are thereby welded together characterized in that the shaft (1) are also joined, and in particular has a connection of a cover weld (9) is surrounded. weld between the shaft and the foot. 8. Hammerbear according to claim 7, characterized in that the method for producing this hammer features that the top weld solidified ble, which may have beard paws, he is. 45 according to the invention characterized in that they 9. Process for the production of heavy, grain-connected by welding with filler metal Pact hammer bears according to claim 1, characterized in that and that heat-treatment is carried out thereafter. A characterized in that before welding one of such a hammerbearer sets after welding known buffer layer is applied. is a single, compact piece of steel. 50 he parted with constructions in which