DE20121161U1 - Endoskopisches Instrument - Google Patents

Endoskopisches Instrument

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Publication number
DE20121161U1
DE20121161U1 DE20121161U DE20121161U DE20121161U1 DE 20121161 U1 DE20121161 U1 DE 20121161U1 DE 20121161 U DE20121161 U DE 20121161U DE 20121161 U DE20121161 U DE 20121161U DE 20121161 U1 DE20121161 U1 DE 20121161U1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
branches
hardened
coupling element
endoscopic instrument
groove
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Expired - Lifetime
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DE20121161U
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English (en)
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Olympus Winter and Ibe GmbH
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Olympus Winter and Ibe GmbH
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Priority to DE20121161U priority Critical patent/DE20121161U1/de
Publication of DE20121161U1 publication Critical patent/DE20121161U1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/06Biopsy forceps, e.g. with cup-shaped jaws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00831Material properties
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00831Material properties
    • A61B2017/0084Material properties low friction
    • A61B2017/00845Material properties low friction of moving parts with respect to each other
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2932Transmission of forces to jaw members
    • A61B2017/2933Transmission of forces to jaw members camming or guiding means
    • A61B2017/2936Pins in guiding slots

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Description

·>· &idigr; *··* ··■· *©ipi.*-«Phys. Konrad Schaefer
Schaefer & Emmel DiplBio1 Dr 1^Emrael
European Patent Attorneys Tel:(0)-40-6562051 Fax:-6567919
Commerzbank 22 / 58226 BIz 200 40 000 Gehölzweg 20, D-22043 Hamburg Postbank 225058 - 208 BIz 200 10 020
15. Januar 2002 Uns. Zeichen: 02475gm
OLYMPUS WINTER & IBE GMBH
Endoskopisches Instrument
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein endoskopisches Instrument nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.
Gattungsgemäße Endoskope sind z. B. Biopsiezangen, die für die Probenentnahme aus zu untersuchendem Gewebe verwendet werden. Es kann sich aber auch um endoskopische Instrumente mit anderen Funktionen wie z.B. Greif- oder Schneidfunktionen, beispielsweise Nadelhalter, handeln.
Generell weisen gattungsgemäße Instrumente am distalen Ende ein Arbeitswerkzeug auf, bestehend aus zwei, meist an einer Schwenkachse gelagerten verschwenkbaren Branchen. Die Verschwenkung der Branchen erfolgt durch ein im Schaft verschiebbar angeordnetes Schub- und Zugelement. Das distale Ende des Schub- und Zugelementes ist mit einem Koppelelement verbunden, das in Führungseingriff mit den Branchen steht. Über das Koppelelement wird die axiale Bewegung des Schub- und Zugelementes in eine Schwenkbewegung der Branchen umgesetzt.
• · ♦
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·* &bgr; · · ■·· &idigr; 1 * &idigr;
Die Branchen und auch das Koppelelement werden im operativen Einsatz des Instruments relativ stark belastet, weswegen insbesondere diese Bauteile eine besonders hohe Stabilität aufweisen müssen.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist bekannt, z.B. die Branchen eines endoskopischen Instrumentes aus Stahl zu fertigen und im Anschluß daran noch weiter z.B. mittels Induktion aufzuhalten. Als Material wird z.B. rostfreier Stahl mit einer Grundhärte von ca. 20 HRC eingesetzt, der sich bis auf ca. 48 HRC aufhärten läßt.
Zur Erhöhung Verbesserung der Lebensdauer wurde bereits auch schon überlegt, z.B für- die Herstellung der Branchen Werkstoffe zu verwenden, die sich noch weiter aufhalten lassen.
Es wurden versuchsweise Branchen aus Stahl hergestellt, der sich bis auf ca. 58 HRC aufhärten läßt, wobei sich herausstellte, daß mit dem Grad der Aufhaltung auch die Sprödigkeit zunimmt, was dazu führte, daß die Branchen dazu neigten, unter Einfluß von mechanischen Spannungen und Feuchtigkeit zu "zerspringen".
Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein endoskopisches Instrument derart weiterzubilden, daß die Branchen und/ oder das Koppelelement eine ausreichende Lebensdauer gewährleistende Härte aufweisen. Gleichzeitig soll aber eine ausreichende Elastizität bewahrt werden, so daß z.B. das Auftreten mechanischer Spannungen und Feuchtigkeit nicht zur Zerstörung der Branchen und/oder des Koppelelementes führen.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß ein endoskopisches Instrument mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen.
Danach ist vorgesehen, daß die Branchen und/ oder das Koppelelement partiell in den mechanisch beanspruchten Bereichen mittels Lasertechnik gehärtet werden.
In erfindungsgemäßen Instrumenten können damit in einfacher Weise nur die mechanisch beanspruchten Bereiche mit der erforderlichen Härte versehen werden und auch nur in diesen Bereichen kommt es zu einer Abnahme der Elastizität. In den übrigen nicht-gehärteten Bereichen bleibt die Grundelastizität des Werkstoffes erhalten.
Erfindungsgemäße Instrumente weisen also im Vergleich zu bekannten Instrumenten eine höhere Belastbarkeit der Branchen und/oder des Koppelelementes gegenüber den im Gebrauch auftretenden Kräften sowie grundsätzlich gegenüber mechanischen Spannungen und Feuchtigkeit auf.
Bei erfindungsgemäßen Instrumenten lassen sich daher auch Werkstoffe verwenden, die auf einen höheren Grad aufhärtbar sind, als bisher eingesetzte Werkstoffe. Die Verwendung solcher im Bereich z.B. der Schneidkanten hochgehärteten Werkstoffe ist von Vorteil, da eine höhere Härte eine längere Lebensdauer der Schneide bedeutet.
Die Eiündung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf Instrumente mit Schneidfunktion beschränkt. Genausogut können Instrumente mit anderen Funktionen vorgesehen werden, deren Branchen und/oder Koppelelemente partiell gehärtet sind. Eine weitere Ausgestaltung sieht daher vor, daß bei Instrumenten mit Greiffunktion, z.B. Nadelhaltern, mindestens ein Teil der Greiffläche der Branchen in der erfindungsgemäßen Weise gehaltet ist.
• ·
Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist, gemäß Ansprach 4 zusätzlich zu den partiell gehärteten mechanisch beanspruchten Bereiche der Branchen gleichzeitig ein partiell gehärtetes Koppelelement vorzusehen.
Das Koppelelement gemäß Ansprach 4 steht in Führungseingriff mit einem sich von jeder verschwenkbaren Branche in proximaler Richtung erstreckenden Hebel, wobei in dem Koppelelement eine schräg zur Schaftachse verlaufende Nut vorgesehen ist, die einen vom Hebel seitlich abgehenden Zapfen gleitend aufnimmt.
Erfindungsgemäß werden der Zapfen und der die Nut umgebende Bereich gehärtet. Das partielle Härten dieser Bereiche verringert die Abnutzungserscheinungen des Zapfens und ggf. der Nut.
Auch hier ist wieder als vorteilhaft zu erwähnen, daß aufgrund der partiellen Hältung z.B. des Randbereichs der Nut gewährleistet ist, daß das Koppelelement in den übrigen Bereichen die ursprüngliche Grundelastizität des verwendeten (nicht gehärteten) Werkstoffes behält.
Gleiches gilt für die Härtung des Zapfens. Der Abrieb des Zapfens durch den Lauf in der Führungsnut des Koppelelementes bei Betätigung des Endoskopes wird aufgrund der höheren Härte des Werkstoffes minimiert. Durch die verbleibende Grandelastizität im angrenzenden Hebel können auftretende mechanische Spannungen aufgefangen werden.
Die beiden Branchen enthalten Achsbohrungen, die an einer Schwenkachse gelagert sind. Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht gemäß Ansprach 5, daß auch die Schwenkachse und der die Achsbohrung umgebende Bereich der Branchen gehärtet werden.
Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand von einer Abbildung näher erläutert werden, die beispielhaft eine Ausführung der Erfindung zeigt
In der Figur ist das distale Ende eines endoskopischen Instrumentes 1, in diesem Fall einer Biopsiezange, dargestellt. Das Instrument 1 weist zwei gegeneinander verschwenkbare Zangenbranchen 2 und 3 auf, die an einer Achse 4 gelagert sind. Von den Branchen 2 und 3 erstrecken sich jeweils in proximaler Richtung Hebel 5 und 6 von denen jeweils seitlich Zapfen 7 und 8 abgehen, die von einem Koppelelement 9 in zwei Nuten 10 und 11 gleitend aufgenommen werden.
Weiterhin weist das Instrument 1 einen Rohrschaft 12 auf, in dem ein in Längsrichtung verlaufendes Schub- und Zugelement 13 angeordnet ist, dessen distales Ende mit dem Koppelelement 9 verbunden ist. Wird durch Betätigung des Schub- und Zugelementes 13 das Koppelelement 9 axial verschoben, so werden die in den Nuten 10 und 11 des Koppelelementes 9 geführten Zapfen 7 und 8 und mit ihnen die Hebel 5 und 6 verschwenkt, was zu einem Öffnen bzw. Schließen der Branchen 2 und 3 führt.
Von dem sich von der Branche 2 erstreckenden Hebel 5 ist nur ein kleiner Teil sichtbar, da dieser Hebel auf der abgewandten Seite hinter dem Koppelement 9 verläuft. Die zugeordnete ebenfalls nicht sichtbare Nut 11 sowie der hier geführte Zapfen 7 des Hebels 5 sind ebenfalls nicht sichtbar aber zum besseren Verständnis gestrichelt dargestellt.
Von dem sich von der Branche 3 erstreckende Hebel 6 ist ab der Schwenkachse 4 nur der die Nut 10 abdeckende Teil mit dem Zapfen 8 (gestrichelt) dargestellt.
Erfindungsgemäß können nun einige Bereiche mittels Lasertechnik gehärtet werden, was durch die in der Figur eingezeichneten Strich-Punkt-Linien verdeut-
lichtet werden soll. Zum besseren Verständnis sollen diese Bereiche im folgenden noch einmal kurz erläutert werden.
Die Branchen 2 und 3 sind löffeiförmig gefertigt. Um die Probe aus dem zu untersuchenden Gewebe zu entnehmen, sind die äußeren Randbereiche der Branchen als Schneidkanten 14 und 15 ausgebildet, die gezielt mittels Lasertechnik gehärtet wurden. In den übrigen Bereichen der Branchen 2 und 3 bleibt die Grundelastizität des Werkstoffes erhalten. Evtl. auftretende Verspannungen in den Branchen, die bei der Benutzung entstehen können, werden durch diese Art des Härtens vermindert oder sogar ausgeglichen.
Des weiteren ist die partielle Härtung der im Koppelelement 9 befindlichen Nut 10 dargestellt, die mechanisch bei Betätigung der Biopsiezange durch den Zapfen 8 beansprucht wird. Die eingezeichnete Strich-Punkt-Linie soll auch hier den möglichen zu hältenden Bereich um die Nut abgrenzen. Dies soll verdeutlichen, daß im Bereich der Nut eine Erhöhung der Härte möglich ist, die ein Abnutzen und Vergrößern der Nut durch den Zapfen bei Betätigung der Biopsiezange verhindert. Gleichzeitig ist aber in den restlichen Bereichen die ursprüngliche Elastizität des verwendeten Werkstoffes erhalten geblieben, die bei eventuell auftretenden Spannungsspitzen eine Zerstörung des Instrumentes verhindern kann. Der Zapfen 8 kann ebenfalls gehärtet werden.
Gleiches gilt selbstverständlich auch für die auf der anderen Seite des Koppelelmentes 9 befindliche Nut 11 und den darin gleitenden Zapfen 7.
Weiterhin kann der Bereich um die Achsbohrung gehärtet werden, sowie die Schwenkachse 4.
Die Figur soll beispielhaft die Bereiche eines endoskopischen Instrumentes darstellen, die gehärtet werden können. Daneben besteht auch die Möglichkeit andere, hier nicht erwähnte Bereiche partiell zu härten. Natürlich können auch nur einzelne und nicht alle in der Figur angesprochenen Bereiche gleichzeitig bei einem Instrument gehärtet werden.

Claims (5)

1. Endoskopisches Instrument mit einem rohrförmigen Schaft (12), an dessen distalem Ende ein Arbeitswerkzeug vorgesehen ist, das zwei relativ zueinander in einer Schwenkachse (4) gelagerte gehärtete Branchen (2, 3) aufweist und mit einem im Schaft (12) axial verschiebbar angeordneten Schub- und/oder Zugelement (13), das über ein Koppelelement (9) mit dem Arbeitswerkzeug verbunden ist, dergestalt, daß eine axiale Verstellung des Schub- und/oder Zugelements (13) ein Verschwenken der Branchen (2, 3) bewirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Branchen und/oder das Koppelelement partiell in mechanisch beanspruchten Bereichen mittels Lasertechnik gehärtet sind.
2. Endoskopisches Instrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Branchen (2, 3) Schneidkanten (14, 15) aufweisen, die ganz oder teilweise gehärtet sind.
3. Endoskopisches Instrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Branchen Greifflächen aufweisen, die gehärtet sind.
4. Endoskopisches Instrument nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das Koppelelement (9) in Führungseingriff mit einem sich von jeder verschwenkbaren Branche (2, 3) in proximaler Richtung von der Schwenkachse (4) erstreckenden Hebel (5, 6) steht, wobei in dem Koppelelement mindestens eine schräg zur Schaftachse verlaufende Nut (10, 11) vorgesehen ist, die einen vom Hebel seitlich abgehenden Zapfen (7, 8) gleitend aufnimmt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zapfen und/oder der die Nut begrenzende Bereich gehärtet sind.
5. Endoskopisches Instrument nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwenkachse (4) und/oder der die Achsbohrung begrenzende Bereich jeder verschwenkbaren Branche gehärtet sind.
DE20121161U 2001-01-31 2001-01-31 Endoskopisches Instrument Expired - Lifetime DE20121161U1 (de)

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WO2005092216A1 (en) * 2004-02-27 2005-10-06 Applied Medical Resources Corporation System and method for actuating a laparoscopic surgical instrument
WO2006078661A1 (en) * 2005-01-19 2006-07-27 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Disposable laparoscopic instrument
WO2011000465A1 (de) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-06 Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh Chirurgisches maulinstrument mit gleitanlage
EP2392282A1 (de) * 2010-06-02 2011-12-07 Tyco Healthcare Group, LP Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines elektrochirurgischen Verfahrens
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US11523861B2 (en) 2019-03-22 2022-12-13 Covidien Lp Methods for manufacturing a jaw assembly for an electrosurgical forceps
US11490916B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2022-11-08 Covidien Lp Engagement features and methods for attaching a drive rod to a knife blade in an articulating surgical instrument
US11490917B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2022-11-08 Covidien Lp Drive rod and knife blade for an articulating surgical instrument
US11576696B2 (en) 2019-03-29 2023-02-14 Covidien Lp Engagement features and methods for attaching a drive rod to a knife blade in an articulating surgical instrument
US11607267B2 (en) 2019-06-10 2023-03-21 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical forceps
US11376030B2 (en) 2020-02-10 2022-07-05 Covidien Lp Devices and methods facilitating the manufacture of surgical instruments
US11617612B2 (en) 2020-03-16 2023-04-04 Covidien Lp Forceps with linear trigger mechanism
US11628008B2 (en) 2020-03-16 2023-04-18 Covidien Lp Forceps with linear trigger kickout mechanism
US11622804B2 (en) 2020-03-16 2023-04-11 Covidien Lp Forceps with linear trigger mechanism
US11944369B2 (en) 2020-03-16 2024-04-02 Covidien Lp Forceps with linear trigger kickout mechanism
US11844562B2 (en) 2020-03-23 2023-12-19 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical forceps for grasping, treating, and/or dividing tissue
US12127784B2 (en) 2021-04-12 2024-10-29 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical forceps for grasping, treating, and/or dividing tissue

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