DE19915565A1 - Control method for identifying sensors in motor vehicle control systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves comparing at least one actual value of at least one sensor signal in an operating condition, e.g. a gear position, with a reference value.

Description

The invention relates to a method, such as control methods for identifying Sensors, in particular for sensors for detecting a in a manual transmission inserted gear, whose measurement signals signal inputs to a control unit leads, these measurement signals processed by the control unit in such a way that that a gear position inserted in the transmission is recognized and a correspond appropriate gear position signal is generated.

It has become known, for example, from DE 195 48 799, in manual transmission ben of motor vehicles to use sensors, the measurement signals to detect the Deliver the gearbox condition or the gear engaged. These signals can be one Control unit of an automated clutch or an automated transmission are supplied, the measurement signals for generating a gear position signal and, if necessary, of transformed signals for actuating the clutch tion and / or transmission can be used to actuate the clutch depending on the gear term, engage or disengage or around the manual transmission via control elements to switch.  

These sensors, particularly in vehicles with automated clutch or to be used with semi-automatic or fully automatic gearboxes sen be able to both the switching and the selection movement of a transmission recognizing the wiring element, for what at least one or two or more Sensors on a switching element of the transmission, such as a zen central shift shaft of the transmission are arranged or articulated.

In order to obtain usable and clearly assignable measurement signals, the Sensors in the correct way with the intended connections of the control unit to be connected; otherwise the control unit would receive incorrect measurement signals are fed with the consequence of unwanted or not executable control gears. However, the risk of an inadvertently incorrect connection can also occur Attention to the greatest care during assembly can never be excluded.

The risk of incorrect wiring can be reduced by using different plugs for the sensors can be reduced. But this has the disadvantage that the variety of parts is increased with associated higher construction costs. Furthermore can also not be excluded that the connector of the sensors wrong mon be tiert, which results in an incorrect assignment of the measurement signals to the transfor mated signals.

The invention is based on the problem of specifying a method which makes it possible light, an identification of sensors connected to the control unit perform.

According to the invention, this problem is achieved in that at least one actual value at least one measurement signal from a sensor in at least one operating point, such as Measuring point with an engaged gear, with at least one corresponding target value is compared and if there is a discrepancy between the actual value and the setpoint is assessed by the control unit as a swap of sensors and a stowage signal is generated. A state of the transmission or is used as the operating point of the vehicle, which can be predetermined, and in which predetermined conditions conditions are available, for example comparison values for the comparison between target and Actual values.

It is expedient if the exchange signal in a memory of the Control unit is saved. It is also useful if the stowage is output from the control unit. This can be done optically, with a Indicator lamp, or acoustically, with an indicator tone. Likewise, the Output on a display in text form or via data communication to egg another test device. This enables it to be recognized early on that a There is an exchange.

It can also be expedient if the interchanging signal is used as the input signal is passed to a correction tool that is in the presence of an exchange  corrected by sensors. The correction means can be in the control be implemented. It is expedient if the correction means one Contains changeover switch, which can be controlled and which exchanges the measurement signals Sensors switches to the correct signal inputs of the control unit. Likewise it is useful if the measurement signals from the sensors in the memory of the control unit are saved and the correction means a reversal of the Messsi gnale on the corresponding memory of the control unit.

It is also expedient if there is a swap signal The measurement signals are exchanged. It is advantageous if the measurement signals the sensors are stored in memory of the control unit and the control unit accesses these stored measurement signals during calculations and that Correction means a stowage each time the stored measurement signals are accessed access control. It is also useful if the actual values of Measurement signals of a sensor can be determined at two selected operating points and a swap signal is generated if the ratio of the two actual values is greater or smaller than one known setpoint.

It is useful if the actual values of measurement signals from one sensor are divided into two selected operating points are determined and a swap signal is generated if one of the two actual values is smaller or larger than the other actual value.

It is also expedient if the actual values of measurement signals from two Senso be determined at a selected operating point and a swap  signal is generated if the ratio of the two actual values is not equal to one th setpoint is greater or less than one. It is also appropriate if the tax Unit from the measurement signals of at least one sensor by means of a transform Onsvorschrift generates a transformed signal from which the gear position signal is determined.

In one embodiment, it is useful if the Transformationsvor script for the calculation of the transformed signals from two sensors from the measurement signals

is what
σ; ω the transformed signals,
α ₁ , α ₂ the measurement signals,
R is a distortion matrix with the structure

t a translation vector with the structure

describe.  

It is also expedient if ei ne replacement transformation rule for generating the transformed signals the measurement signals is used.

It is also appropriate if the replacement transformation rule for the calculation of the transformed signals from the measurement signals

is what
R _{E is} a replacement distortion matrix
referred to, which are made up of the elements of the distortion matrix R by swapping the columns according to the relationship

calculated.

According to the inventive idea, it is useful if the transformi regulation or the replacement transformation regulation the measuring signals of the Senso ren transformed into transformed signals, with a movement of a gear wiring element in a switching lane only ver a transformed signal is changeable.

It is also advantageous if the transformation rule or the replacement Transformation regulation the measuring signals of the sensors into transformed signals  transformed, with a movement of a gear shift element in a Dialing lane only a transformed signal is time-varying.

The sensors, if necessary, for the detection of an inserted in the transmission Ganges are used, which can also be structurally identical, will follow the assembly is automatically identified, depending on the installation of the sensors on below different transformation rules for generating the transformed signals is used from the measurement signals. The wiring of the sensors can after assembly can be determined by measuring signals in selected measuring points are compared with target values. If the measurement signal The sensors were actual values with the target values, within the scope of a fault tolerance assembled correctly and it is based on a standard transformation rule resorted to. On the other hand, the actual measured signal values deviate from the target values more than a permissible fault tolerance, the assembly order was not adhered to and there is an error; this error is corrected by the To order compensated or corrected. Corrective assembly steps are in this If not necessary, but it is sufficient to use an alternative measurement signals Regulation to transform signals or assign them to the control signals. Through the alternative assignment of the measurement signals, the sensors can in any case their mon Maintain the position, additional assembly steps are not necessary. This allows oh ne Danger of confusion identical sensors and sensor plugs are used become.  

The transformation rule and the assignment correction can be done in the program form in the control and regulation unit, which is a variety different, alternative assignments between the measurement signals and the transformed signals or control signals with high flexibility light.

The comparison of the actual measured signal values with the target values is carried out in selected ones Operating points with a clear assignment of the actual values of a measurement signal allow the setpoints.

In a first advantageous development of the method according to the invention the actual values of a single, specific sensor in two selected measurements points determined and the ratio of the two actual values determined, which one be known setpoint must correspond. The ratio of the actual values differs from that Desired value from, the assignment correction for the formation of the transformed Si signals from the measurement signals.

To clearly assign the transformed signals to the measurement signals enable, the actual values in the two measuring points must be of different heights Take values so that the ratio of the two actual values is not equal to one got to. Under this condition, it is sufficient to submit only one measurement signal tens of sensors to detect the sensor circuit.  

In a second advantageous development, the measurement signals from both Sensors taken into account, whereby it is sufficient to in the signals of both sensors record a single measurement point. The ratio of the two measurement signals must again correspond to a certain target value; otherwise the Meßsi gnale reassigned to the transformed signals. The ratio of the actual values must correspond to a value greater or less than one in order to be transformed To be able to assign signals.

As a transformation rule for the assignment of the transformed signals to the Measuring signals in the case of correct wiring is expediently a linear trans formation chosen with a 2 × 2 distortion matrix, which is an assignment of two Measurement signals for two control signals allowed. The 2 × 2 distortion matrix can be in good Approximation through linearization of a nonlinear kinematic relationship are generated between the transformed signals and the measurement signals.

The corrected, alternative assignment is made in the event of incorrect wiring preferably in the form of a replacement transformation rule with a replacement Distortion matrix. This has the advantage that the measurement signals remain unchanged can be taken over; the correction is made exclusively via the replacement Transformation regulation. Between the distortion matrix and the substitute Distortion matrix has an inner connection, which is caused by swapping the two columns of the distortion matrix can be expressed.  

According to another advantageous assignment correction, the measurement signals exchanged back so that the measurement signal originally in the first position Actual value moves to the second position and the one originally located in the second position Measuring signal actual value moves to the first position. This procedure has the advantage that the transformation rule can be adopted unchanged and single Lich the measurement signal input must be exchanged in the calculation rule.

Further advantages and expedient embodiments are the further claims chen, the figure description and the drawing in which a circuit image for the measurement signals from two sensors is applied.

The invention is explained with reference to the figures. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 3 is a diagram,

Fig. 4 is a block diagram and

FIGS. 5a to 5c are diagrams.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for carrying out a method according to the invention. The drive unit 1 is in drive connection with a transmission 3 by means of a torque transmission system such as a clutch 2 in the drive train of the vehicle. Via the torque transmission system 2 and by means of the controllable transferable torque of the torque transmission system, the torque of the vehicle on the output side is driven. The transmission output shaft 4 is connected in the power or torque flow, if necessary via a transmission, such as a differential, to at least one downstream drive axle and / or to drive wheels.

The device for actuating the torque transmission system has an actuator 5 for controlling or setting the transmissible torque of the torque transmission system. The device for actuation is in signal connection with a central control unit 6 , which is equipped with a central computer unit with memory. For example, sensors are available as detectors, which are required for detecting or determining the operating point. The sensors can include, for example, an engine and / or transmission speed sensor 7 , 7 a, such as transmission input speed sensor, and a sensor 8 for detecting the accelerator pedal position, as well as a sensor 9 for detecting the position of the shift lever 10 and sensors 11 a and 11 b for detecting a Position of a transmission-internal scarf telementes 12 , such as the central control shaft. Furthermore, for example, speed sensors or tachometers, throttle angle, inclination, acceleration or speed sensors can be used. The signals of these sensors are at least temporarily processed by the control unit and by means of the control unit an intention to switch the driver is recognized such that the measuring data of the sensors have a time dependency which is evaluated as an intention to switch. The sensor 11a detects, for example, the axial movement and the sen sor 11 b the rotational movement of the gear shift element 12th

In vehicles with a manual transmission, such as a step transmission according to the state of the art, there is an operating element 10 , such as a shift lever, for manually actuating the gearbox transmission, which has at least one connecting means or a connection 13 with transmission-internal shifting elements, such as a central shifting shaft , Shift rods or shift forks of the transmission. A movement of the shift lever 10 has a movement of the transmission-internal switching elements 12 result. Furthermore, at least one elastic element 14 is generally present within this connection, which is used, for example, to damp or decouple vibrations or to pretension the connection 13 .

The detected positions thus represent at least one position of the shift lever or the transmission-internal shift elements, that is, the gear engaged. The control unit 6 calculates the engaged gear based on the information or signals from at least sensor 9 or sensor 11 a or 11 b.

FIG. 2 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of an automated transmission with a clutch 102 , a transmission 103 and an output shaft 104 . The transmission is actuated automatically by means of an actuating means 105 , the actuating means actuating the gear shift element 112 , such as the central shift shaft. The clutch 102 is actuated automatically by means of the actuating means 105 a. The control takes place by means of a control unit 106 , to which the sensors 120 and 121 are connected, which detect the position of the gear shift element.

In FIG. 3, the measured values are a measurement signal α ₁ of a first sensor on the measured values of a measurement signal α ₂ applied a second sensor. The sensors are designed as displacement sensors and are used in manual transmissions, in particular in semi or fully automatic manual transmissions, to detect the switching and the selection movement or the gear engaged. The sensors are arranged on the central selector shaft of the gearbox and deliver the measurement signals α ₁ , α ₂ from a switching process from those according to the non-orthogonal transformation rule

using the 2 × 2 distortion matrix R with the elements

and the 2 × 1 translation vector t with the elements

the switching path σ and the selection path ω can be obtained. The switching path σ and the Dial path ω are transformed signals of a control and regulation unit and are used to control control elements of the transmission or are used in engine management.

The transformation rule for the transformed signals from the measurement signals is linearized by a kinematically non-dependent on the articulation obtained in the near context.

The translation vector t may be omitted or may have zero values become.

The figure shows a circuit diagram S with selected, non-arbitrary value pairs (α ₁ , (α ₂ ) of the measurement signals, which represent the link guide of the central shift shaft of the transmission during the shifting process. The value pairs of the measurement signals at positions 1 to 5 and R represent respective ones Gear rest positions are represented by N. The neutral position of the gearshift is indicated by N. The circuit diagram S shows the setpoint value curve for the measurement signal value pairs (α ₁ , α ₂ ).

In order to identify the switching arrangement of different or identical sensors, measuring signals from one or both sensors are generated at selected measuring points and compared with the associated setpoints. If the measured actual values of the measurement signals deviate from the target values, there is an error in the wiring which is caused by a correction in the assignment between the measurement signals α ₁ , α ₂ and the transformed signals σ; ω is balanced.

In a first embodiment, two measurement signals from a single sensor are compared at two selected measurement points. As can be seen from the circuit diagram S, the setpoint of the measurement signal α ₁ at gear position 1 is below the setpoint of the measurement signal α ₁ at gear position 2, so that a ratio of the setpoints of the measurement signal α ₁ from gear position 2 to gear position 1 is greater than one results. Corresponding relationships apply to measuring points 3, 4 and 5, R.

Analogously, the ratio of the setpoints for the measurement signal α _{2 of} the second sensor is less than one.

From the ratio of the measured actual values and a comparison with the target values The sensor that delivers the measurement signal in question can be identified.

For example, the actual values of the measurement signal α _{1 of} the first sensor are measured at the gear positions 1 and 2. According to the circuit diagram S, the ratio of the actual values of gear position 2 to gear position 1 must be greater than one. If this applies to the measured actual values, it is actually the signal of the first sensor and the wiring of the sensors was carried out in the correct way. If this is not the case, the sensors have been interchanged and it is not the measurement signal of the first sensor, but the measurement signal of the second sensor; in this case, the assignment between the measurement signals and the transformed signals must be corrected.

A prerequisite for considering the measurement signals of a single sensor at two measurement points is that the measurement points have different setpoints, ie the measurement points must not lie on a parallel to the α ₁ axis or to the α ₂ axis.

According to a second embodiment, the measurement signals are viewed by two different sensors in one measurement point and are related to one another. The ratio of the measurement signals of the two sensors must in turn be greater or less than one in selected measurement points, otherwise there is an error. The measurement points under consideration must have different values for this, ie they must not lie on the diagonal d between the α ₁ axis and the α ₂ axis, since otherwise both measurement signals assume the same value and it is not possible to assign the measurement signals to the sensors is.

For example, the measurement point 1 is considered, which lies below the diagonal d. At measuring point 1, the target value of the measuring signal α _{1 is} greater than the target value of the measuring signal α ₂ , which results in a target ratio of α ₂ to α ₁ less than one. The measured actual values must now also have a ratio less than one, otherwise the wiring would have been in the wrong order.

If there is an incorrect sequence of the measured actual values of the measurement signals, a corrected assignment in the transformation rule between the meas signals and the control signals take place, which is changed either by a Transformation rule or by a return of the in the transformation regulation incoming measurement signals can happen.

In the case of a changed transformation regulation, a replacement distortion matrix R _{E of the} same dimension is used instead of the distortion matrix R:

the substitute distortion matrix R _E by swapping the columns of the distortion matrix R according to the relationship

is formed. By using the substitute distortion matrix R _E , the faulty sequence of the sensor wiring is compensated.

If necessary, a correction can also be made via the translation vector t.  

In the event of a back-exchange of the measurement signals, only the measurement signal positions of α ₁ and α _{2 have to be} interchanged, so that the measurement signal α ₁ originally at the first position is now entered into the Transformationsvor script at the second position and the measurement signal α originally at the second position ₂ now goes first in the transformation rule, which itself does not have to be changed.

In a method for identifying sensors in manual transmissions, the Measuring signals fed to a control and regulation unit, in which according to a Transformation regulation transformed signals to act upon Stellele elements for the manual transmission are generated.

In order to recognize the switching arrangement of the sensors, it is provided that the actual value a measurement signal in a selected measurement point compared with a setpoint and in the event of a deviation of the actual value from the setpoint in the control and Control unit a corrected assignment between the measurement signals and the transformed signals is generated.

The measurement signals of the two sensors are based on a known kinemati The relationship between the control signals switching path and dial path is transformed.

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram in which a central shift shaft 201 is shown schematically as a gear shift element . This can be rotated and axially displaced. The sensors 202 a and 202 b detect the angle of rotation and the axial displacement. The sensors 202 a, 202 b are connected to the control unit 213 by means of cables 203 a, 203 b. For this purpose, the plugs of the cables are inserted into the sockets 220 of the control unit 213 . At this point, the two plugs can be mistakenly mixed up during assembly.

The means for correcting an exchange can intervene in the exemplary embodiment, for example, at three points within the control unit and correct the exchange. For example, the connections of the sensors can be exchanged electrically by means of a changeover switch which reverses the polarity of the connections of the exchanged plugs after the input of the control unit. This is shown in block 204 a.

In block 205 , the electrical signal from sensors 202 a, 202 b is converted into information for the microcontroller of the control unit. The inputs of the microcontroller are designated with 206 . In block 204 b, the data or information is available after it has been recorded and before it has been stored. The storage takes place in 207 . At 204 b, the data that have not yet been stored, such as transformed signals, can be exchanged back if an exchange signal is present. The data c in block 204 after storing after each memory access and prior to their processing through Weiterverar control programs Rückvertauscht when a Vertauschungssignal is present.

In block 208 , further control program sequences are carried out, such as, for example, the gear detection and the display of a gear engaged in the display / dis play of the motor vehicle. Block 209 represents the means for detecting a sensor swap. Block 210 represents a memory for storing a swap signal. 211 denotes the flow of information relating to the swapping measures. These are all three ( 204 a, 204 b and 204 c) shown in the one figure, advantageously only one per embodiment being used. The output of the exchange information or the exchange signal is identified by 212 .

Fig. 5 shows schematically the state of affairs using a transformation rule or a replacement transformation rule when the connections are interchanged. Values of sensor 1 are plotted on the ordinate in upper left diagram 300 , values of sensor 2 are plotted on the abscissa. A value pair of these sensor values corresponds to a point in the shifting gate 301 , that is to say a gear position or an engaged gear. In diagram 300 , the operating point of the exchange test is the engaged second gear. The measured value (actual value) 302 corresponds to the target value range 303 . In this case, the normal transformation rule is used so that diagram 320 results and the transformed values Transf. Sensor1 and Transf. Sensor2 are calculated in such a way that the values are orthogonal, that is to say that when the gear shift element moves within a shift gate, only values Transf Sensor1 are changeable when and when the gear shifting element moves within the selector gate, only values Transf. Sensor2 are changeable.

In the lower left diagram 310 , values of sensor 1 are plotted on the ordinate, values of sensor 2 being plotted on the abscissa. A pair of values of these sensor values corresponds to a point in the shifting gate 311 , that is to say a gear position or an engaged gear. In diagram 310 , the operating point of the vertau test is the engaged second gear. The measured value (actual value) 312 does not correspond to the target value range 313 . In this case, the replacement transformation rule is used so that diagram 320 results and the transformed values Transf. Sensor1 and Transf. Sensor2 are calculated in such a way that the values are orthogonal, that is, when the gear shift element moves within a shift gate, only values Transf. Sensor1 are changeable when and a movement of the gear shifting element within the selector gate only values Transf. Sensor2 are changeable.

In the comparison between the actual value and the setpoint, a large sub is not permitted decided. A swap signal is then generated and, if necessary spent.

The patent claims submitted with the application are proposed without prejudice for obtaining further patent protection. The applicant retains before, even more, previously only disclosed in the description and / or drawings Features to claim.

Relationships used in sub-claims indicate further training the subject of the main claim by the features of the respective sub claim; they are not considered a waiver of achieving an independent,  substantive protection for the characteristics of the related subclaims understand.

However, the subjects of these subclaims also form independent inventions, the one Ge independent of the objects of the preceding subclaims have design.

The invention is also not based on the embodiment (s) of the description limits. Rather, numerous changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention cations possible, in particular such variants, elements and combinations and / or materials, for example, by combining or modifying individual in conjunction with those in the general description and embodiments as well as the features described and contained in the drawings or elements or process steps are inventive and can be combined Characteristics of a new item or new process steps or ver lead step sequences, also insofar as they concern manufacturing, testing and working processes fen.

Claims (17)

1. A method for identifying sensors, in particular for sensors for de tection of a gear engaged in a manual transmission, the measurement signals Si signal inputs of which are fed to a control unit, these measurement signals being processed by the control unit in such a way that a gear position inserted in the transmission is recognized and a Corresponding gear position signal is generated, characterized in that at least one actual value of at least one measurement signal from a sensor in at least one operating point, such as a measurement point when a gear is engaged, is compared with at least one corresponding target value and, in the event of a deviation between the actual value and target value, the control unit is evaluated as a swap of sensors and a swap signal is generated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the exchange signal is stored in a memory of the control unit. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the exchange signal is output by the control unit.   4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the exchange signal is passed as an input signal to a correction means, which is available at makes a correction if sensors are swapped. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the correction means contains a switch that is controllable and the ver the measurement signals exchanged sensors for the correct signal inputs of the control unit switches. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the measurement signals Sensors are stored in the control unit's memory and the correction a means of swapping back the measurement signals to the corresponding memory cher of the control unit. 7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that in the presence of a Exchange signals the measurement signals are exchanged. 8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the measurement signals Sensors are stored in memory of the control unit and the control unit accesses these stored measurement signals during calculations and the correction means with each access to the stored measurement signals Exchange of access.   9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actual values of measuring signals from a sensor can be determined at two selected operating points and a swap signal is generated if the ratio of the two actuals values is greater or less than one known setpoint. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actual values of measuring signals from a sensor can be determined at two selected operating points and a swap signal is generated if one of the two actual values is small ner or greater than the other actual value. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actual values of Measuring signals determined by two sensors at a selected operating point and a swap signal is generated if the ratio of the at the actual values are greater than or less than one known setpoint. 12. The method in particular according to claim 1, wherein the control unit from the measurement signals of at least one sensor by means of a transformation rule generated transformed signal from which the gear position signal is determined becomes. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the Transformati onsvorschrift for calculating the transformed signals from two sensors from the measurement signals
is what
σ; ω the transformed signals,
α ₁ , α ₂ the measurement signals,
R is a distortion matrix with the structure
t a translation vector with the structure
describe. 14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that if there is an exchange signal, a replacement Transformation instruction for generating the transformed signals from the Measurement signals is used. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the replacement transformation rule for the calculation of the transformed signals from the measurement signals
is what
R _{E is} a replacement distortion matrix
referred to, which are made up of the elements of the distortion matrix R by swapping the columns according to the relationship
calculated. 16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transformation rule or the replacement transformation rule the Measuring signals of the sensors transformed into transformed signals, with one Movement of a gear shift element in a shift gate just a transfor mated signal is variable over time. 17. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the transformation rule or the replacement transformation rule the Measuring signals of the sensors transformed into transformed signals, with one Movement of a gear shift element in a select lane just a transfor mated signal is variable over time.