DE19914449C1 - Oscillating piston combustion engine has oscillating pistons mounted on central axis enclosed by cylindrical housing with inwards projecting radial partition walls and cog controlled combustion space inlet and outlet openings - Google Patents

Abstract

The oscillating piston combustion engine has a cylindrical housing provided with sector-shaped combustion spaces (1), the cylinder volume within the housing divided by radial partition walls (3), extending inwards from the cylinder mantle (2), at 90 degrees to one another, with 4 perpendicular oscillating pistons (5) attached to a central axis (4). The cylinder mantle has an inlet opening and an outlet opening for each combustion space, controlled for fuel inlet and outlet of the combustion gases via 2 rotary rings (6), driven via a cog wheel (7).

Description

The invention relates to a rotary piston internal combustion engine according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Such a motor is known from FR 22 97 323 A1. There are eight in one case Combustion chambers housed compactly. A crank mechanism converts the pendulum movement Swing piston in a rotation. Gas inlet and outlet are conventional Valves controlled. However, at least four valves are necessary. A valve train This type, with valves moving up and down, has a speed limit because the Valve movement is limited by the inertia. The gas exchange control with conventional valves cannot be constructed particularly compact either. DE-OS 20 19 769 has a more elegant control option. Inlet and outlet are operated by cylindrical rollers moved by gear wheels. Mass inertia and speed limitation does not apply to this type of control. However, each combustion chamber two valves and therefore a total of at least eight valves required.

The invention is based on the problem of an internal combustion engine of the generic type To create type, which by a gas exchange control without speed limitation Has inertia of the valves, which can be constructed compactly and with less Components.

This problem is solved with the features listed in claim 1.

With the invention, a gas exchange control is given, with two rotating rings regulate the inlet and outlet of the motor housing through intersecting openings. Here all combustion chambers are controlled by only one inlet ring and one outlet ring. On rotating control ring is also suitable for higher speeds. One is enough for the drive Shaft with two drive wheels.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 2.

The power output of the engine can be changed by changing the intake timing Optimize dependency on load and speed. If you change the position and size the inlet openings on the motor jacket in the axial direction and supports it rotating inlet control ring axially slidable with one of the engine electronics controlled servomotor, so there is an easy adjustment of the intake timing given.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 3.

The embodiment according to claim 3 ensures that the engine can permanently and quickly change its combustion chamber size and thus the power output during operation. An example in the field of passenger cars illustrates this:
A car starting at low speed needs maximum torque, which is why the engine regulates to the maximum combustion chamber size. A medium constant speed requires far less torque, which is why medium combustion chamber sizes are sufficient. When accelerating from medium speeds, the maximum torque is reached. The combination of speed bandwidth and combustion chamber variability results in another important advantage. Taking cars as an example, this means that the gearbox manages with a reduced number of gears or can be omitted entirely.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 11. The example relates to a 4-stroke petrol engine with a compression of about 1:10 and an ignition sequence of the combustion chambers 1 of 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8.

Ignition, cooling, lubrication, mixture preparation, seals and auxiliary units correspond to the state of the art. All parts are to be manufactured so that they withstand occurring forces, provide a permanent seal where necessary and enable low-wear operation.

Rotation of the shaft 4 illustrated angles to those shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 compressed in two opposite combustion chambers 1 the flowed fuel, leaves the ignited fuel in two opposite combustion chambers expand, the exhaust gas blowing from two combustion chambers out and fills two combustion chambers with fuel mixture . This rotation also rotates the pendulum rods 12 in the crankcase, these actuate the connecting rods 13 acting on the crankshaft crankings 14 and rotate the crankshafts 8 each by approximately 180 degrees and thus the flywheel and valve rings 6 by 45 degrees. The next rotation of the axis in the opposite direction shifts the work cycles into the adjacent combustion chamber in the direction of rotation of the flywheel and the valve rings. The valve rings each have four openings, two opposite openings serving the combustion chambers 1-3-5-7 , the other two, axially and radially offset openings, the combustion chambers 2-4-6-8 . The engine power can be tapped on the flywheel 17 at speed x or on the crankshaft 18 at speed 4 x in the opposite direction.

A corresponding change in the compression ratio and mixture preparation enables the engine to be designed for operation with petrol or diesel fuel. As well it can be dimensioned for operation with gas or hydrogen.

Show it

Fig. 1 section through the cylinder housing

Fig. 2 section through the cylinder housing in the axial direction

Fig. 3 section through the crankcase in the axial direction

Fig. 4 section through pendulum rods, connecting rods and crankshafts in the crankcase

Fig. 5 section through the crankcase

Fig. 6 partial view of the cylinder jacket and the outlet ring

Fig. 7 section through the inlet / outlet housing with adjustable inlet ring

Fig. 8 section through the inlet housing on the drive wheel for the inlet ring

Fig. 9 Four-part cylinder base (hatched)

Fig. 10 view of the rotatable cylinder bottom

Fig. 11 section through the cylinder housing with two-part axis and displaceable pivoting piston

In the drawings are marked with

1

Combustion chambers

2nd

Cylinder jacket

3rd

Partitions

4th

axis

5

Swivel piston

6

Valve ring with ring gear

7

Drive gear for valve ring

8th

Crankshaft with extension for driving the valve control

9

Inlet housing

10th

Outlet housing

11

Crank mechanism housing

12th

Pendulum rod

13

Connecting rod

14

Crankshaft cranking

15

Shaft gears

16

Flywheel gear

17th

Power tap flywheel

18th

Power tap crankshaft

19th

Exhaust valve openings in the cylinder jacket

20th

Inlet valve openings in the cylinder jacket

21

Outlet slots in the valve ring

22

Adjustment mechanism for intake valve ring

23

four-part cylinder bottom

24th

Pressure points of the adjustment mechanism / hydraulics

25th

Axle jacket

26

Cylinder bottom

27

Adjustment mechanism / hydraulics

Claims (3)

1. Swing piston internal combustion engine
consisting of a cylindrical housing with sector-shaped combustion chambers ( 1 ),
the cylinder volume in the housing is divided into four sectors with 90 degrees each by four partition walls ( 3 ), which run from a cylinder jacket ( 2 ) in the radial direction to an axis of symmetry and are at an angle of 90 degrees to each other, along the axis of symmetry in Housing, to which four dividing walls ( 3 ) are mounted and rotatably mounted, an outwardly leading axis ( 4 ) runs,
four mutually perpendicular swivel pistons ( 5 ) are rigidly connected to the axis ( 4 ) and seal in the axial direction with housing bottoms and in the radial direction with the cylinder jacket ( 2 ),
the four cylinder volumes are divided into eight variable combustion chambers ( 1 ) by the four swivel pistons ( 5 ),
a single swiveling movement of the axis ( 4 ) and the associated rotation of the swiveling pistons ( 5 ) simultaneously increases four combustion chamber volumes and reduces four (work cycles),
and with a crank mechanism which generates a rotation from the pivoting movement of the axis ( 4 ),
The crank mechanism in the simplest case consists of at least one pendulum rod ( 12 ) standing radially to the axis ( 4 ) and rigidly connected to it, at the end of which a connecting rod ( 13 ) is mounted and this has a crankshaft ( 4 ) offset from the axis ( 4 ). 8 ) set in rotation with a crank ( 14 ) and a shaft gear ( 15 ) attached to this crankshaft ( 8 ) transmits the rotation back to a flywheel gear ( 16 ) rotating about the axis of symmetry,
wherein there is an inlet opening ( 20 ) and an outlet opening ( 19 ) in the cylinder jacket ( 2 ) for each combustion chamber ( 1 ),
characterized by
that the fuel inlet and the exhaust gas emission are controlled as slot controls of overlapping openings,
two rotatable rings ( 6 ) being mounted around the cylinder jacket ( 2 ) so that they cover the inlet openings ( 20 ) and outlet openings ( 19 ),
there are four slots ( 21 ) in each ring ( 6 ),
each ring ( 6 ) is provided with a ring gear and is surrounded by a housing ( 9 , 10 ) around the cylinder jacket,
a shaft ( 8 ) leading into each housing ( 9 , 10 ) and provided with two gear wheels ( 7 ) drives the two control rings ( 6 ),
and one of the housings ( 9 ) opens to the supply of fresh air and fuel and the other housing ( 10 ) collects the exhaust gases and directs them into the exhaust. 2. swing piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the ring ( 6 ) responsible for the inlet can be displaced in the axial direction by an actuating mechanism ( 22 ) controlled by motor electronics
and that the position of the inlet openings ( 20 ) in the cylinder jacket ( 2 ) changes in the axial direction and thus a displacement of the inlet ring ( 6 ) causes a change in the inlet control time. 3. swing piston internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the total combustion chamber volume can be changed permanently and quickly during operation by servomotors ( 27 ) of the engine electronics, depending on the required power and speed,
wherein the cylinder base on the side of the crank mechanism ( 23 ) is designed in four parts, and these four parts are not rigidly connected to the cylinder jacket ( 2 ) and the partition walls ( 3 ), but are made to be sealing and by a mechanism or hydraulic system simultaneously along the axis ( 4 ) can be moved,
the axle ( 4 ) is made from an axle core and an axle jacket lying above it, the axle jacket with the swivel pistons ( 5 ) attached to it can be moved on the axle core in the axial direction, but cannot be rotated,
the cylinder base ( 26 ) is rotatably mounted on the cylinder jacket ( 2 ) relative to the crank mechanism and pivots with the axle jacket and the pivoting piston ( 5 ), the axle jacket and the pivoting piston can be pushed through the pivoting but axially fixed cylinder base ( 26 ),
Swivel pistons ( 5 ), cylinder base ( 26 ), cylinder jacket ( 2 ) and axis ( 4 ) are made to seal the combustion chambers,
and a mechanical, hydraulic or spring mechanism permanently presses the swivel piston ( 5 ) with the axle casing back into the center of the cylinder as far as it will go.