DE19855695C2 - Device and method for hygienic germination of seeds - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for hygienic germination of seeds and the like, such as Cereal grains or legumes.

The use of sprouted seeds and the like as Animal feed or bread making has been around for many years tenth known. Through the germination in the seeds produced from cereals and legumes, ingredients for healthy human and animal nutrition are responsible or at least can support them in many ways. So certain ingredients can depend on seedlings from their germ stage, for example, an antibiotic we unfold or contribute to the improvement of taste of bread products made from it.

A large number of attachments are described in the literature in which the material to be germinated is used in several successive stages is treated. The treatment usually includes a cleaning step in a first stage, in which the material is washed with water. Then the Ma material in a second stage, the so-called wet switch, ge swelled and in a third stage, the so-called dry soft, germinated. In newer plants, the material is in this last stage moistened with water from time to time and sometimes, when it comes to closed systems ventilated. Known closed systems are given if tempered, especially the air, which in this Sy is blown in.

In DE-OS 23 52 306, for example, a device for Processing of germinated cereal grains described. This The device comprises a germ container and separate from each other a so-called heat container. In the germination container Cereal grains first swollen and then after draining  germinated in the water. During the germination process, the grains rinsed several times, stirring the grains. For stirring there is an agitator. The agitator only allows one limited loosening of the seedlings. Then the are germinated seedlings placed in the so-called heat container, in which they are kept in constant motion.

The German utility model 18 85 776 describes a germ apparatus in which meh in an otherwise open frame rere germ baskets are arranged one above the other in tiers. The Germination baskets in which germination is carried out over a sieve tray or a perforated tray, so Washing and sprinkling water can drain off. The water flows down through each floor where it is in an up catch container is collected. This water becomes the Be pouring system fed. A similar facility is also in the DE-PS 67 95 21 indicated.

A germination plant is known from US Pat. No. 4,926,598 has a closed container in its lower Area has a sieve bottom on which the sprouts in rest in thin layers. There is water in the container supply line and a kind of sprinkler introduced. At the bottom The end of the container is an outlet for swelling, washing and Spray water available. From the top you can use a fan Air or an air-gas mixture are blown in. The single NEN process steps are automated. Due to the size ot the device because of the associated water and energy consumption uneconomical.

In US Pat. No. 4,821,455 another germination device is used wrote that from a rotatable around its axis Drum is built into which water is sprinkled can be performed, and via a device for blowing of air. The germinal material is blown in by the air ventilated while rotating the drum.  

The known devices and methods for germinating Sa Granules are not suitable for the required homogeneity Ensure the ni ty and hygiene of the germinal product, as either on the necessary conditioning of environmental parameters is waived, or it is very difficult to comply with them are. The use of water and / or energy is often inhospitable socially high. The germination process takes many days.

In some of the known devices and / or methods is also to be presumed that the germ material the Kei The process does not survive without rotting. Will at for example, the humidification of a germ container by the Dripping water from an overlying container, there is a strong hygienic burden due to washed away substances, bacteria and / or fungi and the like. Another reason for putrefaction is that in the known devices and / or methods, the requ ventilation is insufficient and not suitable Way will be given, for example if higher Layer thicknesses of the germinating material no or only a limited amount loosening is done or this in a way through which the germinated seeds do not know can grow or be mechanically destroyed. Fungus, Bacterial pollution, acidification and putrefaction become major mainly caused by damaged grains as they are the germ ability and thus lost its natural defense mechanisms have.

The object of the present invention is therefore a Vorrich specify and a method for germinating seeds, with a putrefaction in a simple and economical way formation of the germ bed during the germination process without chemical Additives or the like can be guaranteed. Gleichzei The duration of the germination process should also be without the addition of Nutrient solutions and germ salts or the like with homogeneous Germ quality can be significantly reduced.  

According to the invention, this object could be achieved by that the air for mandatory ventilation of the germ bed in the we Substantially in a cycle, that is closed, guided, and between the air supply and the germ bed is a climate unit is provided for humidifying and tempering the air.

The present invention accordingly relates to a front direction for germinating seeds and the like, which essentially from a closed container with little least one sieve tray arranged therein for holding one Germ bed, means for supplying and discharging water, Means for supplying and discharging air as well de heating devices exist for the respective supply lines and is characterized in that the means for supply and Derivation of air are designed so that the air for loading Ventilation of the germ bed is essentially carried out in a cycle is and in that between the feed line and the germ bed or the container an air conditioning unit is provided in which the air flow is humidified and tempered, the Kli Unit consisting of a humidifier and a heater direction is formed.

It is preferably between the air supply line and the Air conditioning unit a means of driving the air flow, in particular a fan is provided. For the sake of automation Availability of the overall process is in the air supply system, ins especially after the air conditioning unit, but before the container a temperature sensor or the like is provided, the is connected to a central control unit. The climate unit further comprises a valve that can be opened or lockable fresh air supply to regulate the oxygen stop in the container, which depends on the condition of the germ bed can be adjusted.

Surprisingly, it has been shown that through the circle routing of the ventilation air and into the ventilation system intermediate air conditioning unit for humidification and temperature control  the ventilation air an efficient ventilation of the germ bed tes, maximum hygiene and homogeneity of the germ bed how excellent germination conditions over the entire ver driving can be guaranteed. The duration of the germination process It is significantly shortened and is compared to the previous one Directions or methods of the prior art less than 48 hours. Seedlings will be uniform in the desired homogeneity even without the addition of nutrient solutions or so-called called germ salts reached. Although an addition of nutrient solution gene or germ salts can be omitted, those for be certain areas of application are added.

It is imperative, in particular, for germ beds with a high layer thickness required to loosen the germ bed from time to time to avoid matting and uniform ventilation to enable. The device according to the invention comprises the half if necessary a device to loosen the Seed bed.

In one embodiment of the device according to the invention the device for loosening the germ bed consists of an agitator consisting of an epicyclic gear and a front preferably helical stirring element, together is set, which is operatively connected to a drive motor stand. The stirring element, which is the seed loosening up in its vertical extent is so di dimension that it is caused by the epicyclic gear gentle feed can loosen the entire germ bed. The very low speeds of epicyclic gear and stirring element ensure a uniform and damage-free opening loosening of the seeds or seedlings in the entire germ bed.

In the embodiment described above, the screen bottom in the container, preferably integral, with a standpipe trained that with the air conditioning unit to guide the air is connected in the circuit. It turned out to be very here appropriately shown, both before and after the air conditioning unit  the air conditioning unit a fan to drive the ventilation to provide air, as this aeration of the germ bed probably from above as well as from below, preferably alternately, is possible. In a way, that too can loosen up of the germ bed, but especially for its homogeneous aeration contribute and reduce the use of the agitator.

In a further suitable manner, the epicyclic gearbox is ex taken centrally from the standpipe, so that the order running gear together with the stirring element around the standing tube can move around. With suitable dimensioning the screw a completely homogeneous loosening of the germ bed achieve.

In this embodiment, the container is beyond sealed airtight by a lid, which by means of egg hinge on a carrying device for the container is consolidated, in which it can be tilted by means of a supporting pin is stored. After the germination process has ended, the container can easily opened and emptied and removed after removing the agitator be cleaned. This contributes to the greatest possible hygiene of the Germination process.

In a further embodiment of the invention direction shows this in order to loosen the germ bed essential cylindrical diameter and is around their Longitudinal axis rotatably mounted. In this embodiment it is further advantageous if the container has rotary unions and / or detachable docking and undocking devices for feeding the required media, such as air and water. It is also useful, the supply and discharge lines for air and / or To design water flexibly, so that at least one be able to take part in complete rotary movement of the container. For a uniform drainage of the system are in Drehrich device of the container at least two drains for draining contaminated water provided. In a suitable manner, the loading container itself be perforated extensively and in an enclosing him  outer container be rotatably mounted. This Measure particularly facilitates the design treatment of the water and / or air supply or discharge lines.

In this embodiment, the rotary movements of the cylin to tune the drum to maintain it uniform ventilation, the layer thickness of the seed homogeneous, and remains essentially parallel to the sieve tray.

The inventive design of a germination device also possible plants in which at least two germs Containers, especially in box form, one above the other in one closed system are arranged, each germ container especially with its own air supply and air conditioning system has. It is then also possible that each container over has its own central control unit. With this Ausge design of a device according to the invention are hygiene and Given homogeneity of the respective germ bed and a Aufloc is due to the possible low layer thickness of the Germ bed is not absolutely necessary. However, it can counter if necessary using an integrated shaker or already by alternating ventilation, so once from above or once from below. Under less Layer thickness is understood to mean, in particular, germ beds of not we considerably more than 15 cm dump height.

Although by the type of ventilation, especially by the intended air conditioning unit ensures the greatest possible hygiene of the Germ bed is encouraged, every device should for reasons economy and food quality be designed so that the device, i. H. all organs, wel with ventilation, irrigation and the germination process itself busy, can be easily cleaned in a simple manner NEN. It has proven extremely useful if so all elements, with the exception of the possible carrying devices, are made of electropolished stainless steel.  

The invention also relates to a method for hygienic Germination of seeds in which the material to be germinated is in a closed container on at least one sieve tray filed, washed with water, a wet switch and then ßend is subjected to a dry switch, whereby during the Dry air conditioning of the material like this follows that the air passed through the material for ventilation is conducted in a closed cycle, the air before passing through the material through a climate in which it depends on the state of the germ bed tes is heated and / or moistened. In the closed ventilation system can be fresh if necessary air via fresh air connected to the air conditioning unit drove to be introduced. This measure allows the Limit fresh air intake, which is a reduction in a possible contamination with external parameters.

In all the embodiments mentioned, there is ventilation of the germ bed alternately possible from above and from below. because with is even ventilation regardless of the Layer thickness of the respective germ bed and beyond possible additional loosening of the same is possible.

The germ bed should be in the usual way depending on the zu the germ bed, especially its moisture level by means of a sprinkler from time to time moist and at regular, if few, time intervals be loosened up. This loosening can be as described by means of a low speed agitator such that the entire volume of the container is covered.

It can also be done in that in a further execution approximately cylindrical container around its Longitudinal axis is rotated. Attention should be paid to this, and that is an essential criterion of the embodiment according to the invention tion form that for leveling the dumping height above the Sieve tray, d. H. a substantially parallel arrangement of the  Germ bed to the sieve bottom of the cylindrical container concern ge will wear. This leveling can be done by empirical Er averaging the angle of repose of each germ in the wet stand. With a small layer thickness of the germ bed can a loosening, if necessary, by means of a planned dump teleinrichtung be guaranteed. However, this is not absolutely necessary.

After reaching the desired stage of germination, the germs succeed by opening a flap in the air circuit and scarf air humidification in the air conditioning unit. You can also add a small amount of fresh water and switching on one in the respective container seen floor heating, which also during the wet switch sentence can be dampened.

In the following the invention is based on a more detailed Description of the embodiments according to the invention further explained.

It shows:

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a germination device according to the invention in cross section.

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a seed device in cross section according to the invention;

Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of a germination device according to the invention in cross section.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of a germination device according to the invention has a substantially vertical, the cylindrical container 1 , the portion in its lower end receives a sieve tray 2 . The sieve bottom 2 , a perforated sheet or provided with slits or the like, is removable and, like the container 1 itself, is preferably made of stainless steel or the like resistant and easily germ-free material. The container 1 is supported in a support device 6 on support pin 6.1 tiltable ge. It has an airtight cover 5 , which is hinged to the support device 6 via a hinge 6.2 . At the bottom of the container 1 , which preferably, as shown, is slightly curved outwards, has at least one shape that allows the outflow of water undisturbed, a water drain 3 'with a downstream drain valve 20 is seen before. In or on the bottom of the container 1 , a heating device 24 is also provided, with which the water for the swelling process or a subsequent steaming of the germ material can be heated. The sieve bottom 2 preferably has an integrally formed standpipe 2 ′ centrally, which extends vertically upwards and through an airtight sealing guide element 12 through the cover 5 . The standpipe 2 'opens into the air conditioning unit 7 , which in turn is connected to an air supply 4 , in particular a compressed air unit (not shown). The air conditioning unit 7 opens at its other end in a line, which opens in turn over the lid 5 of the container 1 into the container. 1 In the embodiment shown, fans 8 are interposed between the air conditioning unit 7 and the respectively adjacent air, which serve to transport the air in one direction or the other. In the air conditioning unit 7 , a not shown humidification device 7.1 and a not shown heating device 7.2 are provided for humidifying and heating the air. In the air guide tubes can be arranged downstream of the fans 8 temperature and / or humidity sensor 9 .

In the container 1 and on the sieve bottom 2, the germ bed 22 , which consists of the material to be germinated, such as seeds, grain grains, legumes and the like, rests.

The container 1 is further equipped with a Auflockerungsein device 11 , ie here an agitator. This agitator has outside the container 1 on the top of the lid 5 via a drive motor 11 'which can be driven via a central control unit 21 . The drive motor 11 'is connected via a coupling 13 inside the container 1 and above the seed bed 22 to an epicyclic gear 14 , from which the actual stirring element 15 extends vertically downward. The stirring element 15 , which is preferably made of electropolished stainless steel for the treatment of the germination bed 22 , is designed so that it measures the entire germination bed between the side wall of the container and the standpipe in screw threads or the like, and so during the stirring process itself, which is in a self-rotation the screw and a revolution around the standing tube 2 'by means of the epicyclic gear 14 be, the entire volume of the seed bed 22 for loosening comprises. For the most gentle treatment of the germ bed, both the epicyclic gear 14 and the stirring element 15 are driven at low speeds, which are coordinated with one another.

Water is also supplied via the cover 5 . The general water supply line 3 , a thermostat 18 is pre-switched, with which the water to be introduced can be adjusted to a pre-determined temperature. Via a valve 3.1 , tempered water can be introduced via a line 16 via the standing tube 2 'into the container 1 in an amount which can be sufficient for washing and swelling (wet soft) of the material to be germinated. Via the valve 3.2 , water is introduced into spray heads 17 , which are arranged in a number covering the surface of the seed bed 22 on the inside of the cover 5 . In this line, an additional heater 19 , such as a small electric boiler, heating coils or the like, can be switched on to bridge the low inlet temperature when opening the hot water valve. A valve 3.3 controls the supply of preheated water into the air conditioning unit 7 or the device provided therein. A valve for the fresh air supply 10 , which is required for the germination process, is also provided on the air conditioning unit 7 .

In operation of the device, the container 1 is filled with the material to be treated, so that it comes to lie on the sieve tray 2 homogeneously and in a uniform layer thickness. The Umlaufge gear 14 of the agitator 11 is pushed over the standpipe 2 'ben and the lid 5 is closed. The germinating material is washed and wet-soaked via the water filling 16 and the spray system 17 , the floor heating 24 being switched on if necessary for heating the water. Wash and spring water are drained through the water drain 3 'or 20 . From time to time, the germ bed 22 is sprinkled with tempered water via the spray system 17 during the dry soaking. The ventilation takes place on the air conditioning unit 7 alternately from above and below with humidified and tempered air, which is also ge through the system in the circuit. A valve on the air conditioning unit 7 regulates the fresh air supply 10 necessary for the germination process if necessary. If the germ bed temperature rises above the setpoint and the heating is not switched off for cooling, the air circuit is opened via a flap 23 provided. The necessary cooling is achieved by humidifying the incoming ambient air.

The control 21 also takes over the actuation of all valves and switches, the temperature control of the supply air and the control of the water level via a level measurement or via the inflow time. An overflow can also be provided (not shown) for safety reasons and to discharge floating impurities.

In this system, the seed or germ bed 22 is now cleaned, wet and dry soaked, air-conditioned and loosened up. Depending on the intended use, the seedlings are dried after opening the desired germ stage by opening the air circuit on the flap 23 and switching off the air humidification in the air conditioning unit 7 or by filling a small amount of fresh water and switching on the underfloor heating 24 .

The device shown in FIG. 1 has a diameter of 80 cm and a height of 120 cm, for example. The Bodenein unit 24 can also be attached outside of the container 1 . All parts of the device with the exception of the support device, are preferably made of stainless steel or electropolished stainless steel.

In the device shown in FIG. 2, water supply and discharge as well as air supply and discharge are regulated in essentially the same way as that described above for the device of FIG. 1. The details of this are therefore not described again, but are readily apparent to the person skilled in the art from the associated drawing.

In contrast to the device according to FIG. 1, the container here is a horizontal drum with a sieve bottom 2 held therein, which is rotatably mounted in a carrying device 6 . The container 1 preferably has a diameter of 120 cm and a width of 100 cm and is accordingly cylindrical, but it could also be, for example, 4- or 5-sided. Therein lies the germinal bed 22 on a sieve bottom, which, as in FIG. 1, serves both for drainage and for ventilation of the germinal bed. The lid 5 necessary for filling and emptying closes again air and water tight. To loosen the germ bed 22 , the container 1 is rotatably mounted on a support frame 6 and driven by means of a drive motor 11 . The type of storage, as shown on the outside on wheels, centrally or in combination thereof and the type of drive, via chain, toothed belt, gears, ring gear or the like are arbitrary and do not affect the function of the device.

However, an exact positioning of the rotary movement, in particular for setting the angle of repose, via a limit switch 25 , rotary encoder or another suitable device is absolutely necessary. The rotary movement is to be steu so that the germ bed 22 after a loosening process, for which purpose the rotation is carried out, again forms a level which runs parallel to the sieve tray 2 , so that a uniform ventilation of the germ material remains guaranteed.

For swelling (wet switch), the container is rotated so far that the drainage plate or sieve plate 2 is above the seed. This saves the amount of water that would otherwise be under the sieve tray 2 .

As I said, the supply units, the control and regulation are identical with the device according to FIG. 1 ausgebil det. A difference arises in the embodiment shown only from the ventilation, since an alternating reversal of the ventilation direction is not provided here. In fact, one usually waives this feature because, due to the container cross-section, ventilation from below cannot cover the entire germ bed 22 . However, such ventilation from below can support the loosening of the germ bed in addition to the loosening provided in this embodiment by rotating the drum. As shown, the supply lines for air and water ( 3 , 4 ) are designed as connections that can be connected and disconnected or as rotary unions. The same applies to the air outlet 4 'which is connected to the air supply 4 in the circuit. The water drain 3 'or 20 is provided as a kuppelba rer connection or as a valve with an underlying catch funnel, so that the water loaded by washing out the grains can be drained several times during a rotation, and so the seedlings cannot be rolled and contaminated by this water become.

In a further, but not shown embodiment of this exemplary embodiment, the entire germ container 1 can be rotatably mounted in an outer, stationary container in which the water for cleaning and swelling (wet switch) is fed in and out.

The sieve or drainage base 2 is again arranged so that it can be opened or removed for cleaning.

Again, a central control unit 21 takes over the actuation of all valves and switches, the temperature regulation of the supply air and the regulation of the water level via a level measurement or via the inflow time. Again, an overflow can be provided for safety reasons and for the derivation of floating impurities. All parts, with the exception of the support frame 6 , are preferably made of stainless steel or electropolished stainless steel.

The devices according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can also have integrated devices for automatic cleaning.

In Fig. 3 three stacked containers 1 are arranged in the form of drawers or boxes with a dimension of about 80 cm wide and 60 cm deep and 30 cm high, in which forth removable germ inserts with sieve or drainage bases 2 are arranged. A cover 5 closes the systems in an airtight manner. In principle, the number and size of the drawers is arbitrary.

The supply units, the control and regulation are identical to the device shown in Fig. 2, wherein the drawers are fully and independently equipped and can be operated separately. The dimensioning of the supply lines for water and air is adapted to the small dimensions. For ventilation, it has been found ver that a flow through the germ bed from bottom to top is suitable, but this flow can only be carried out from top to bottom or alternately in both directions as in the device of FIG. 1.

Together, the drawers have only the water supply 3 via the thermostat 18 and possibly a small Elektroboi ler 19 or the like in order to achieve a constant water temperature.

In order to enable the drawers to be pulled out, the feed lines for filling with water 16 and spraying 17 are designed with flexible hoses. On a separate line for filling 16 could be dispensed with in smaller systems.

The water drain 3 'or 20 can be coupled and / or is also preferably flexible. All other devices are attached to the drawers themselves and are pulled out with them. Structurally, it can also provide solutions in which the air conditioning unit are fixed to the back 7 or on the side of a transfer body of the drawers and the supply lines during the insertion of the drawers be docked here. Also, the space between the drawer and Keimein set could be designed and fitted with internals that the water forms the air conditioning unit.

With the small layer provided in this device is an additional loosening of the germ bed to thick a compression or matting and thus possibly egg to counteract the suffocation of the germ bed, in general not mandatory. However, it can additionally (not shown) through a shaking device with which the individual Drawers are shaken at certain time intervals, be provided.

Again, a central control unit 21 takes over the actuation of all valves and switches, the temperature regulation of the supply air and the regulation of the water level via a level measurement or via the inflow time. The drawers can again be provided with an overflow, which can also be used to drain floating impurities.

Common to all of the described embodiments is The fact that the one directed for ventilation through the seed Airflow is essentially circulated, and that an air conditioning unit for humidifying and tempering the air in the air circulation system is provided. Variants arise only from the respective design of the Germination container and any associated with it Loosening facilities.

All functions of the germination process, including any Post-treatments, such as drying or steaming, can be carried out by the Characteristics of the systems, based on the processing quantities smallest space and the lowest possible water and energy sentence. The automatic control and regulation lung minimizes the workload. Hygiene and cleaning options are due to the choice of materials and design guaranteed. With al len three embodiments, even with exclusive Use of tap water and ambient air, very homogeneous Germination results and very short germination times. A sprout length of 10 mm on average and an average Root length of 25 to 30 mm can be germinated in 44 hours, al less than 2 days, including the swelling time become.  

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

container

2

sieve tray

2

'Standpipe

3

water supply

3

'' Drainage

4

air supply

4

'' Air discharge

5

cover

6

support means

6.1

support pin

6.2

hinge

7

air conditioning unit

7.1

humidifying

7.2

heater

8th

fans

9

temperature sensor

10

Fresh air

11

loosening device

11

'' Drive motor

12

guide element

13

clutch

14

epicyclic gear

15

stirrer

16

Filling water

17

Besprühungsanlage

18

thermostat

19

boiler

20

Valve (water)

21

control unit

22

seed bed

23

Fresh air flap

24

Floor heating

25

limit switch

26

seed use

Claims (30)

1. A device for germinating seeds, essentially best consisting of a closed container ( 1 ) with at least one sieve bottom ( 2 ) arranged therein for holding a seed bed ( 22 ), means for supply ( 3 ) and discharge ( 3 ') of water , Means for supplying ( 4 ) and discharging ( 4 ') air and corresponding heating devices for the respective supply lines ( 3 , 4 ), characterized in that the means for supplying ( 4 ) and discharging ( 4 ') air are designed in this way that the air for ventilation of the germ bed ( 22 ) is essentially in a cycle, and in that between the feed line ( 4 ) and germ bed ( 22 ) or container ( 1 ) an air conditioning unit ( 7 ) in which the air flow is humidified and tempered, the air conditioning unit ( 7 ) being formed from a humidification device ( 7.1 ) and a heating device ( 7.2 ). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that between the air supply line ( 4 ) and the Kli maeinheit ( 7 ) a means for driving the air flow is seen easily. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the means is a fan ( 8 ). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the air supply system at least one temperature sensor ( 9 ) is provided, which is connected to a central control unit ( 21 ). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the air conditioning unit ( 7 ) has an openable or closable by a Ven til fresh air supply ( 10 ). 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the container ( 1 ) further has a device ( 11 ) for loosening the germ bed ( 22 ). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the device ( 11 ) for loosening the, germ bed ( 22 ) an agitator consisting of epicyclic gear ( 14 ) and stirring element ( 15 ), which with a drive motor ( 11th ') are in operative connection. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the sieve plate ( 2 ) is integrally connected to a standpipe ( 2 ') which is guided with the air conditioning unit ( 7 ) for guiding the air flow in a circuit. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the epicyclic gear ( 14 ) is received eccentrically from the standing tube ( 2 '). 10. The device according to claim 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that the container ( 1 ) is hermetically sealed by a lid ( 5 ) which is fastened by means of a hinge ( 6.2 ) to a support device ( 6 ) in which the Be container ( 1 ) by means of trunnion ( 6.1 ) is tiltably mounted. 11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for loosening the germ material of the container ( 1 ) has a substantially cylindrical diameter water and is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal central axis. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the container ( 1 ) has rotary unions and / or detachable docking and undocking devices for supplying the required media. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the container ( 1 ) has flexible supply and discharge lines. 14. Device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that in the direction of rotation of the container ( 1 ) we at least two drains are provided for draining contaminated water. 15. The device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the container ( 1 ) is perforated circumferentially and is rotatably mounted in an outer container ( 1 ') surrounding it. 16. The device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least two containers ( 1 ) are arranged one above the other, each of which has its own air conditioning unit and its own irrigation system. 17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each container ( 1 ) has its own central control unit ( 21 ). 18. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 17, characterized in that all elements, with the exception of the supporting devices ( 6 ), the hinge ( 6.2 ) and the support pin ( 6.1 ) are made of electropolished stainless steel. 19. Process for hygienic germination of seeds in the the material to be germinated in a closed container placed on at least one sieve tray, washed with water a wet switch and excluding a dry white che is subjected to, characterized in that during the dry switch an air conditioning of the material in such a way takes place that the ducted for ventilation through the material Air is conducted in a closed circuit, whereby the air before passing through the material through a  Air conditioning unit in which it depends on the condition the germ material is heated and / or moistened is tested. 20. A method for hygienic germination according to claim 19, there characterized in that fresh air if necessary a fresh air supply connected to the air conditioning unit to be led. 21. A method for hygienic germination according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the germ bed is alternated alternately ventilated from above and below. 22. A method for hygienic germination according to one of the claims 1 to 21, characterized in that during the Troc ken soft the germ material depending on the state of the Germ bed moistened by a spray system. 23. A method for hygienic germination according to one of the claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the seed material during the dry switch at regular time intervals is loosened up. 24. A method for hygienic germination according to claim 23, there characterized in that the loosening by means of a Agitator is loosened at low speed, such that the entire volume of the germ bed is covered. 25. A method for hygienic germination according to claim 24, because characterized in that the agitator is an epicyclic gear and has a stirring element arranged vertically thereon. 26. A method for hygienic germination according to claim 23, characterized in that the loosening of the germ material during the dry switch is carried out by rotating the substantially cylindrical container ( 1 ) about its longitudinal axis. 27. A method for hygienic germination according to claim 25, there characterized in that for leveling the Dumping height above the sieve the angle of repose of each germ good is determined when wet. 28. The method according to claim 23, that optionally one above the other arranged containers for loosening by means of a dump be shaken. 29. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 28, characterized ge indicates that after reaching the desired germination stage around the seedlings by opening a flap in the air circuit Running and switching off the air humidification in the air conditioning unit be dried. 30. A method for hygienic germination according to one of the claims 19 to 28, characterized in that after reaching the seedlings of the desired seed stage by filling a small amount of fresh water and turning on one Floor heating can be dampened.