DE19804770A1 - Concrete protecting walls and noise absorbing linings containing high molecular aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

High polymer concrete aggregate is used for noise protecting walls and linings. The walls and linings comprise two layers or shells, i.e. a front cover absorption layer (1), a noise damping and noise absorbing concrete layer, and a concrete support cover (2) with reinforcement. The absorption layer in the 2-layer assembly is turned towards the noise source.

Description

Describe the manufacture of noise barriers and absorbent Apparel made using high polymer additives and in accordance with the "Directional Drawings and Additional Technical Regulations (ZTV) for noise screens "by the Federal Ministry of Transport and / or. are highly absorbent.

Other patents dealing with noise protection devices, Noise protection buildings and noise protection walls deal with work and costly constructions using different types Material combinations to provide analog values for sound insulation and sound absorption to obtain.

For example, in patent DE 35 10 883 a soundproofing device is described which consists of a combination of transverse wall elements and longitudinal wall elements and with Soil is filled.

According to patent DE 35 16 744, room elements are made of metal mesh mats, So-called lattice bodies made, filled with soil and combined accordingly stacked to achieve the necessary wall heights for a noise barrier. Patent DE 37 16 270 describes a plantable noise barrier consisting of a support structure and fast growing plants, is patent EP 0319512 a noise protection construction from old tires filled with earth and in DE-GM 89 03 817 described a combination of plantable, stackable troughs.

The basic idea of the patents EP 0392524 and EP 0417049 is a multilayer element, whose individual components are manufactured separately and then into one Sandwich plate can be combined. EP 0392524 describes this multilayer element  as a combination of a retaining wall, an air gap created by spacers, with subsequent absorption layer and pre-dimmed honeycomb panel. The Honeycomb panel attached directly to the absorption layer should on the one hand become a Improve the parameters of sound insulation and sound absorption and on the other hand, serve as mechanical protection for the actual absorption layer. A similar technology is described in patent EP 0417049. Here the Absorbent layer attached directly to the support layer and also by a Covering agent protected.

The object of the invention is to provide a solution for the construction and for the production of Noise protection walls and sound-absorbing cladding specify that without costly constructions.

According to the inventive teaching, the noise protection elements consist of two layers or Shells built up, once the absorption layer, which consists of soundproofing and there is sound absorbing concrete and the function of one of the sound sources facing facing shell, and on the other hand the carrying shell made of heavy concrete, the ensures the required static properties of the noise protection elements. The absorption layer for the noise protection elements or sound-absorbing clothing made from a concrete that is only by the Combination of material properties and surface structure soundproof and highly absorbent, frost-free, thawing salt-resistant and impact-resistant and u. a. the conditions according to the "directional drawings and ZTV for noise screens" of the Federal Ministry of Transport met.

This sound-absorbing, sound-absorbing and frost-resistant concrete will predominantly using high polymer aggregate according to the following Basic recipe manufactured that interpolates according to the amount to be produced must become.  

Recipe for 1 m ³ concrete

Components: approx. 1278 l high polymer additive, produced according to claim 11 or 12; Weights between 0.3-1.5 kg / l
3.4 kg aluminum sulfate
approx. 408 kg cement
approx. 120 l water
Result: approx. 1 m ³
Gross concrete density: adjustable according to recipe, starting from 0.6 kg / dm ³
Compressive strength: adjustable according to recipe between 2-19 N / mm ²
Technology: The highly polymeric aggregate (quantity in liters, because due to different weights it is not possible to specify a kilogram) is filled into a mixer, preferably a compulsory mixer, and the aluminum sulfate dissolved in approx. 10 liters of water is added, briefly (approx. 5 s ) mixed, then the cement and the remaining amount of water are added with the mixer running. The mixing process can be ended when all components are thoroughly mixed. When the consistency is reached, the building material behaves like conventional concretes (setting, spreading width,...) And can be further processed using commercially available technology (pouring, intermediate storage, pouring, spraying, compacting,...).

This basic formulation can be analogous to the methods and processes of the concrete industry be modified.

If higher strengths of the building material are to be achieved, some mineral ones can be used Surcharges (e.g. sand, split, gravel, stone powder, ...) can be added or proportionate  Amounts (in liters) of the high polymer aggregate due to mineral aggregates be replaced. When varying the amount (lowering or increasing) of the added high polymer additive is the amount of Adapt aluminum sulfates.

The dosing of water, cement and, if necessary, concrete admixtures (e.g. Foaming agent, retarder, superplasticizer,. . .) can be analogous to the production of conventional concretes can be varied to achieve certain properties.

If the concrete is to have elastic (non-brittle) properties, this will achieved through the proportional addition of mineralized fibers. Proportions of the high polymer Aggregate can be reduced in favor of mineralized fibers, whereby the higher the proportion of mineralized fibers in the concrete, the more elastic the concrete Recipe is. This exchange can take place until a complete substitution of the high polymer aggregate to be continued. The property of the concrete changes this substitution is serious in terms of elasticity and in terms of increasing decrease in water permeability, but also with complete Substitution still exists. All other properties described above remain approximately the same.

The mineralized fibers used should have a length of approx. 0.4-45 mm have. Any of these are suitable for the production of these mineralized fibers Natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers, sorted or mixed, New or old fibers, clean or dirty, which are exposed to a mineralization solution were. Mineralization takes place using a crystal-forming aqueous solution (Mineralization solution, preferably 48/50 Be ° soda water glass in a ratio of 1 Portion of soda water glass mixed with 9 portions of water) by completely removing the fiber is wetted (sprayed, immersed,...) with this mineralizing liquid. The Mineralized fibers must dry so far before further processing that the Water-cement factor of the recipe can be adhered to. One is harmless  complete drying or mineralization several times, have an adverse effect Leaching (e.g. by rain).

The production of the high polymer additives can in particular under The two methods described below are used. WO 93/16009 describes a process for the preparation of mineral additives bound members with non-brittle behavior under pressure and Bending stress described. According to this procedure, the starting materials (shredded unsorted materials and material chips from plastic, textile, Leather and synthetic leather industry) of shock-like heat radiation (High-density photon radiation) to make it inert and to activate it, before working with crystal-forming aqueous solutions of mineral binders be mixed (photochemical treatment).

The use of this aggregate for the manufacture of noise barriers but on the one hand due to its "colorful" look (the materials used and Material chips retain their different coloring and give it this manufactured building material a "confetti-like" appearance) as well as through its economical elaborate process technology for the production (which in particular by the photochemical treatment is restricted).

Another option is to use high polymer additives for the production of Providing noise barriers is described in patent application 1 96 32 446.7.

Coarsely pre-shredded high polymer materials, especially textiles and Plastic waste from industry, households and trade are combined in one commercially available agglomerator thermally processed, rendered inert and in the agglomerator remaining with a crystal-forming aqueous solution (mineralization solution, preferably soda water glass 48/50 Be ° in a ratio of 1 part of soda water glass 9 portions of water mixed) shocked at least once, the amount of  supplied mineralization solution must be dosed so that this Shock and mineralization requirements. Adequate Mineralization of the resulting agglomerate can, if necessary, by repeated additions reached by mineralization solution inside or outside the agglomerator become.

The method can be modified in such a way that it is in a trade agglomerate produced in conventional agglomerator according to conventional technology only in a separate, immediately following or staggered follow-up is mineralized by preferably with a crystal-forming aqueous solution the mineralization solution described above is wetted or moistened.

This mineralized agglomerate, which is predominantly in the sieve characteristic from 2 to 25 mm, can be used immediately or temporarily as a high polymer filler be used to manufacture noise barriers. Is particularly suitable Agglomerate from foils.

The supplied crystal-forming aqueous solution, e.g. B. has mineralization solution on the one hand, the task as with conventional agglomerators, the thermal processed high polymers (plastic cake) to shock and thus the Initiate agglomerate formation but also crystals on the surface of the to produce agglomerates.

The crystals adhering to the surface of the agglomerate are mechanical (mixing, transporting, intermediate storage,...) cannot be removed or only partially removed or destructible and thus form nuclei for the cement matrix that forms.

The advantage of this method is that the agglomerate, even when used different colored starting materials (e.g. plastic residues, different colored Foils) has a homogeneous color and the adhesion promoters (crystals) themselves  Can be produced more cheaply. The disadvantage is that agglomerators in contrast to first-mentioned process no wood, no natural textiles, no renewable Raw materials and can only process paper and cardboard to a limited extent.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the associated drawing ( FIG. 1).

The aggregates and mineralized produced by the processes described Fibers are suitable. a. for the production of sound absorbing and sound absorbing Emphasize, and can u. a. for the construction of noise barriers or sound-absorbing clothing used according to this invention become.

The wall element is manufactured as a two-layer element. It consists of a carrier shell 2 and a facing shell 1 . While the support shell 2 ensures the stability of the wall in accordance with the structural requirements, the facing shell I guarantees the sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing properties. Both shells are concreted "fresh-in-fresh". To secure the required static properties, the support shell 2 contains the necessary transport and / or structural reinforcement.

The wall elements are manufactured in four steps.

(1) Structure of the form

Depending on the number of pieces to be manufactured, wooden or steel formwork can be used become. Matrices can be inserted into the mold to structure the wall surface become.

(2) Concreting the facing shell 1

Introducing the mix according to the above recipe using a concrete distributor and Compaction via external vibrators.

(3) Reinforcing the element

Insert the required reinforcement 3 . Secure the concrete cover with suitable spacers 4 .

(4) Concreting the support shell 2

Pouring the concrete in using a concrete distributor, compacting via an internal or External vibrators, smoothing the concrete surface according to requirement (hand or Machine smoothing).

Fig. 1 illustrates the cross section through a wall plate
a = thickness of the facing shell 1 (absorption layer)
b = thickness of the support shell 2
c = width of a stackable wall plate.

The thickness a of the facing shell 1 should preferably be 20 cm, the thickness b of the supporting shell 2 should preferably be 12 cm, and the width c can be, for example, 50 cm.

The wall panels can have a length of several meters (not shown) are manufactured.  

Reference list

1

Absorption layer / absorption shell

2nd

Carrier shell

3rd

Reinforcement

4th

Spacers

Claims (13)

1. Noise protection walls and sound-absorbing cladding using high polymer additives, characterized in that the noise protection elements are constructed from two layers or shells, the absorption layer ( 1 ) designed as a facing shell, a sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing concrete and the supporting shell ( 2 ) that ensures the required static properties. made of heavy concrete with reinforcement / reinforcement, the absorption layer ( 1 ) in the 2-layer composite facing the noise source. 2. Noise protection walls according to claim 1, characterized in that for the production of the absorption layer, the additives and other components are treated according to the following recipe for 1 m ³ concrete:
approx. 1278 l high polymer aggregate, produced according to claim 11 or 12; Weights between 0.3-1.5 kg / l
3.4 kg aluminum sulfate
approx. 408 kg cement
approx. 120 l water. 3. Noise protection walls according to claim 2, characterized in that the basic recipe analogous to the methods and Process of the concrete industry can be modified.   4. Noise protection walls according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that in order to achieve higher strengths of the absorption layer / absorption shell ( 1 ), mineral additives, such as sand, split, gravel, rock powder, or proportionate amounts (in liters) of the high polymer additive are mixed by mineral Supplements are replaced, the amount of aluminum sulfate being adjusted. 5. Noise protection walls according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the metering of water, cement and possibly of concrete admixtures, such as foaming agents, retarders, flow agents targeted setting of certain properties, analogous to the manufacture conventional concrete, is variable. 6. Noise protection walls according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that to achieve a concrete with elastic (non-brittle) properties a proportional addition of mineralized Fibers occur with a corresponding reduction in the proportion of high polymer Aggregates. 7. Noise protection walls according to claim 6, characterized in that the exchange of high polymer Aggregates against the addition of mineralized fibers to the full Substitution of the high polymer additive can take place. 8. Noise protection walls, according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the mineralized fibers are preferably a  Have a length of 0.4-45 mm. 9. Noise protection walls according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that any natural fibers and / or synthetic fibers, single or mixed, new or old fibers are used by means of a crystal-forming aqueous solution were mineralized. 10. Noise protection walls according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the two layers or shells, the absorption layer ( 1 ) and the support shell ( 2 ) can be concreted "fresh-in-fresh". 11. Noise protection walls according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the high polymer aggregates on the Basis of patent WO 93/1009 are produced by shredded unsorted materials and material chips of plastic, Textile, leather and synthetic leather industry) a shock-like heat radiation (High density photon radiation) to render them inert and to activate before using crystal-forming aqueous solutions of mineral binders are mixed (photochemical treatment). 12. Noise protection walls according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the high polymer additives on the Basis of patent application 1 96 32 446.7 are prepared by roughly pre-shredded high polymer materials, especially textile and  Plastic waste from industry, households and trade in one commercially available agglomerator thermally processed, rendered inert and in Agglomerator remaining with a crystal-forming aqueous solution (Mineralization solution, preferably soda water glass 48/50 Be ° im Ratio 1 part soda water glass mixed with 9 parts water) be shocked at least once, taking the amount of delivered Mineralization solution must be dosed so that it meets the requirements of shock and mineralization. 13. Noise protection walls according to claim 12, characterized in that in a commercially available agglomerator Agglomerate produced using conventional technology only in a separate, mineralized immediately following or staggered aftertaste is by using a crystal-forming aqueous solution, preferably the mineralization solution described above is wetted or moistened.