DE19802775A1 - Damped braking system between moving bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

The system is for use between two bodies (4,5) sliding to-and-fro in a straight line in relation to each other, on approaching their end positions. A damping unit (47) on one body (4,7) works with a stop surface (38) on the other one. The damping unit works in both directions, being situated between the surfaces (56) of impact members (48,48') facing in opposite directions. These surfaces face towards stop surfaces (38) on the other body (5,6). Each member normally assumes a basic position not movable in the axial direction in relation to its respective stop surface, but deflects on impact so as to shorten the damping unit, which is supported in the basic position by the other member. The damping unit can consist of a fluidic shock-damper (57).

Description

The invention relates to a device for damped Ab braking two relative to each other back and forth Linear motion from leading body when reaching both of them End positions, one when approaching the respective end position held on one body and with one on the other body provided stop surface cooperating damping becomes effective.

A device of this type can be seen, for example, in German utility model G 94 16 523. It is there in the closed connected with a rodless linear drive really. This has one powered by one Carriage formed first body on one of the housing of the linear drive formed second body axially ver is guided. Leads in the operation of the linear drive the carriage makes a reciprocating linear movement. The two end positions of the slide are through two stops specified units on which the sled can run. To dampen the impact when reaching the end position, are there are two damping units formed by shock absorbers,  which take effect before reaching the respective end position and a mitigation of the impact of the sled on the respective effect the stop unit.

There is nothing to be said about the effectiveness of the known device to complain. However, the structure is relatively complex and accordingly expensive.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a Vorrich to create device of the type mentioned at the beginning chem structure enables a more cost-effective production.

To solve this problem it is provided that on one Body one for damped braking in both movements direction responsible damping unit is provided, the axially between two each have an impact surface send impact members is arranged, the impact faces in opposite axial directions and each because of a stop surface connected to the other body are facing, and that each impact member is normally egg ne axially immovable towards the associated stop surface assumes the basic position from which it is impacted the associated stop surface with axial shortening of the about the other impact in the home position member supporting damping unit is deflectable.

Thus, one is still effective in both directions of movement same end position damping possible, but instead of previously required two damping units on only a single damping unit must be used.  

This damping unit is in both directions of movement effective. This applies in each case when the end position is approached Impact member placed at the front on the other body intended stop surface and is thereby relative to ver the body carrying it towards the damping unit stores, which undergoes an axial length reduction, since they on the opposite side about that in the home position supported impact member abge on the body carrying it is supported. This effect occurs in both directions of movement gene, where only the functions of the two impact swap links. Except for the lesser manufacturers lungskosten this design also has the advantage that without few adjustments in both directions of movement have the same damping properties. The fiction moderate device can be used in all facilities that have two bodies moved relative to each other. Especially their use seems appropriate in connection with fluidically and / or electrically operated linear drives and in particular in the case of linear drives in which a linear slidably guided sled when it reaches its two End positions not suddenly, but gradually slowed down that should.

Advantageous developments of the invention go from the Un claims.

The damping unit is expediently of a fluid type Shock absorber formed over a conventional Structure with a damper housing and one axially displaceable can dispose of this outstanding bumper. Here  can the housing with an impact member and the shock interact with the other impact member.

The impact members are expedient as regards that Shock absorber separate components formed so that a han usual shock absorber can be used. Indeed an embodiment would also be conceivable in which the impact limbs formed by components of the shock absorber itself are, for example, parts of the damper housing and Bumper.

The use of a fluidic shock absorber as a damping unit Unit is particularly useful when due to high re relative speeds or masses that are more difficult to move a hard impact is to be expected. Alternatively, and this especially in applications with less impact in the End positions, as a damping unit could also be a simple gum Mielastic buffer body can be provided. In all cases it is advantageous if the impact members by the damper unit even under at least a slight preload in their basic positions are kept, so that no additional Chen reset means are required.

The stop surface interacting with the impact members is expediently part of the respective end position specifying stop unit.

In order to allow variable specification of the end positions, a respective stop unit in the direction of movement the body adjustable on the body carrying it  be. In order to secure the fixation even in the event of a strong impact To get the stop unit on the assigned body can the underside of the stop unit a z. B. as corrugation trained surface teeth can be provided with a transverse toothing extending in the adjustment direction of the body carrying the stop unit is engaged. This results in egg in any position of the stop unit ne positive locking in the direction of movement of the two bodies locking between the stop unit and the one carrying it Body.

Especially when the device is in a piston rod sen linear actuator is used, which via a in one Housing arranged drive part and an outside of the Ge house slidably arranged over a longitudinal slot of the housing penetrating driver with the on drive section coupled output section is the Anord Appropriately taken so that the driver a Has fork part, between the fork legs, the damper tion unit is held with the impact members, the Impact links through openings in the fork legs by outwards towards the assigned stop surface can protrude.

The invention based on the accompanying drawing tion explained in more detail. In this show:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a negotiated with a preferred construction of the device according to the invention endowed linear drive, partially in section according to section line II of Fig. 2,

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the arrangement of FIG. 1 according to section line II-II,

FIGS. 3 and 4 the to the present invention relating Vorrich segment 1 processing of the linear drive of FIG. In the two possible end positions, and

Fig. 5 shows an alternative design of the damping unit gelan application in one of Figs. 3 and 4 corresponding representation.

In the figures, a generally designated 1 , actuated by fluid force linear drive 1 is shown, which is equipped with a device hereinafter referred to as a damping device 2 , which serves to perform two reciprocating relative to one another, indicated by a double arrow 3 linear movement Bodies 4 , 5 to brake when they reach their two end positions shown in FIGS . 3 and 4.

In one body of the embodiment, hereinafter referred to as the second body 5 , it is the Ge housing 6 of the linear drive 1st The other body, hereinafter referred to as the first body 4 , is formed by the driven part 7 of the linear drive 1 , which is guided axially displaceably relative to the housing 6 via a linear guide device 8 which specifies the direction of the linear movement 3 .

The stripping section 7 of the embodiment is designed so as to have a sled type and has on its underside a st guide part 9 which engages a guide rail 12 fixed on the housing 6 similarly to a bracket in a tab-like manner. Between the guide member 9 and the guide rail 12 there is a bearing device 13 which is designed as a slide bearing device or preferably as a roller bearing device and ensures that the driven part 7 leads precisely and yet can be moved easily.

The output part 7 has fastening holes 14 or other fastening means which make it possible to releasably fix a load to be moved, for example a component to be positioned.

The linear drive 1 of the embodiment is designed as a piston rodless linear drive. It has a cylinder chamber 15 in the interior of the housing 6 , in which a drive part 16 formed by a piston is accommodated in an axially displaceable manner. Sealing elements 17 at the ends of the drive part 16 cause a fluid-tight subdivision of the cylinder chamber 15 into two working spaces 18 , 18 ', which can be pressurized with compressed air and / or vented via fluid channels, not shown. Hydraulic operation would also be possible. In this way, the drive member 16 can be caused to a linear movement 3 in one or the other axial direction.

The drive part 16 is coupled with the driven part 7 Bewegungsungsge. This is done in the embodiment by a driver 21 which is fixed on the drive part 16 and protrudes through a longitudinal slot 22 from the cylinder chamber 15 forth and on the drive part 7 located outside the housing 6 is fixed. The longitudinal slot 22 penetrates the housing wall enclosing the cylinder chamber 15 at one point on its circumference and extends linearly in the longitudinal direction of the housing 6 parallel to the linear movement 3 .

If the drive part 16 is caused to move linearly, this movement is immediately followed by the coupled output part 7 .

Within the cylinder chamber 15 in the region of the longitudinal slot 22, a rubber-elastic sealing tape 23 is arranged, which rests axially on both sides of the drive part 16 on the flanks of the longitudinal slot 22 and closes it with a seal. Axially within the two ends 17 on the drive part 16 arranged seals 17 , the sealing tape 23 is guided inwards to allow the driver 21 to pass through the longitudinal slot 22 .

The linear drive 1 could also be an electrically operated linear drive. Here, the drive part 16 could be formed, for example, by a threaded component that runs on a spindle driven by an electric motor, or by a toothed belt rotating around deflection rollers.

The driver 21 has in the embodiment of a U-shaped fork part 24 , the two with axial spaced from each other fork legs 25 protrude to the output part 7 and in the central region of its connecting web 26 is fastened by screws 27 to the drive part 16 . The open side of a closed fork space 27 between the fork legs 25 thus points to the driven part 7 .

The stripping section 7 has on the side facing the driver 21 th a continuous receptacle 28 in the longitudinal direction. This has to the driver 21 out and a slot-like opening 32 on both ends of the output part 7 of fene slot-like opening 32 through which the driver 21 engages with its fork legs 25 so that they lie with their free end portions 33 within the receptacle 28 .

In comparison to the portion of the fork parts 24, which passes through the aperture 32, the end portions 33 can be broadened, and particularly a ver 28 have matched contour to the cross-sectional shape of the receptacle.

In order to couple the driven part 7 axially immovably to the driver 21 , the end sections 33 are each acted upon on their axially opposite surfaces by a holding element 34 , which is supported on the first body 4 or the driven part 7 forming it. The holding elements 34 are expediently designed as screw members 34 'which, according to FIGS . 1 and 2, have an external thread by means of which they are screwed into the circular-cylindrical contoured receptacle 28 , which is provided with an internal thread 35 at least in its end regions. The circumferential extent of the opening 32 is selected such that there is a sufficiently large wrap angle of the internal thread 35 to be able to securely fix the screw members 34 '.

By screwing the two screw members 34 'from the opposite sides against the two fork legs 25 , the result is an axially backlash-free connection between the driver 21 and the driven part 7th

In order to be able to specify the two axial end positions of the driven part 7, which can be stored relative to the housing 6 , a housing-fixed stop unit 36 is provided on the housing 6 axially on both sides of the driven part 7 . It is regularly located near one of the front end areas of the housing 6 . In the exemplary embodiment, the impact units 36 are seated on an elongated housing leg 37 which extends transversely to the direction of movement 3 and on which the guide rail 12 of the guide device 8 is also arranged.

Each unit 36 has stop at the stripping section 7 to a side facing abutment surface 38 which is located in the publishers rungsweg of the driven member. 7 For the specification of the assigned end position of the driven part 7, it cooperates with a counter stop surface 38 'provided thereon. The last re is located in the embodiment on the fork leg 25 opposite axial end face of the respective holding element 34 , which therefore is shown in FIGS . 3 and 4 when the end position is reached on the stop surface 38 of the facing stop unit 36 .

The two possible end positions are variably adjustable in the exemplary embodiment. For this purpose, the stop units 36 can be adjusted in the direction of movement 3 of the two bodies 4 , 5 on the body 5 carrying them and releasably locked in desired positions by means of a fastening screw 42 . The fastening screw 42 cooperates with a nut not shown, which is housed in a longitudinally formed in the housing leg 37 anchoring groove 43 and can be moved axially in this.

Further screws 41 can also be anchored in the anchoring groove, with which the housing can be fixed to a support structure.

To even when a strong impact of the driven member 7, inadvertent adjustment of the stop units 36 to ver prevent additional positive securing action between the stopper unit 36 and the housing 6 are provided. Thus, each stop unit 36 has on its housing 37's bottom 37 facing underside not shown Darge surface teeth with in the direction of movement 3 from alternating successive ridges and depressions, each extending transversely to the direction of movement 3 and the longitudinal direction of the anchoring groove 43 . A complementary transverse toothing 44 is located on the top of the housing leg 37 facing the impact units 36 . It also has transverse ridges and depressions, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the linear drive 1 in succession, so that there is a whole toothed strip according to FIG. 1, which can extend over the entire length of the housing 6 ge. He's example tert rushes accordance un by the anchoring groove 43 into two strips. The toothing need not be carried out very deeply, it can be a relatively easy to manufacture corrugation or knurling.

In order to specify a desired end position, the stop units 36 are initially roughly arranged in a stop position which approximately agrees with the desired end position specification. The gears then engage in one another in a form-fitting manner and bring about a form-fitting support of the stop unit 36 with respect to the housing 6 in the direction of movement 3 . After the fixing screw is tightened 42, a stop surface 38 on the bearing stopper member 46 is finely adjusted by a fine adjustment mechanism 45, until the desired Endlagenvorgabe achieved.

The abutment surfaces 38 have the further purpose to work with arranged on the drive part 7 from components of the damping device 2 in order to reduce the speed of the drive part 7 and the impact on the surfaces 38 , 38 during the last partial travel of the drive part 7 before reaching the end position 'mitigate.

For this purpose, the damping device 2 has a damping unit 47 arranged on the first body 4 or on the driven part 7 , which is responsible for the damped braking of the driven part 7 in both the one and in the other direction of movement. A single damping unit 47 thus effects end position damping on both sides or in both directions of movement.

The damping unit 47 sits axially between two impact members 48 , 48 ', wherein in the exemplary embodiment they are held together with these in the fork space 27 of the fork part 24 . The impact members 48 , 48 'project with an impact plunger 53 axially displaceable through an associated opening 54 of the adjacent fork leg 25 and a flush with this central opening 55 of the holding element 34 axially outward. A larger diameter aufwei send, for example piston-like support section 52 of the impact members 48 , 48 'is located within the fork space 27 and lies in the normally assumed basic setting according to FIG. 1 on the inner surfaces of the fork legs 25 . In this basic position the impact plunger 53 protrude beyond the holding members 34 so that an opening provided at its free end face impact surface 56 of the counter-stop surface is' spaced apart from the stop surface 38 toward upstream 38th

The damping unit 47 is under a certain axial preload and simultaneously acts on both impact members 38 , 38 ', so that they normally, that is, as long as the impact surfaces 56 have no contact with the stop surfaces 38 , assume the aforementioned basic position in which they are their support section 52 are axially immovable with respect to the associated surface 38 are supported with respect to the first body 4 .

The coupling of the output part 7 and driver 21 is done simply by axially inserting the fi fixed on the fork part 25 damping unit 47 and impact members 48 , 48 'in the receptacle 28 until the desired relative axial position shown in FIG. 1 is reached. One of the screw members 34 'can already be screwed in. Then the second screw part 34 'is screwed in and the fork part clamped.

In the embodiment of FIGS . 1 to 4, the damping unit 47 is designed as a fluidic shock absorber 57 . He has a suitably cylindrical damper housing 58 in which a damping piston 62 is arranged, on which a lead-out on egg ner end face of the damper housing 58 push rod engages 63, which is displaceable together with the damping piston 62 relative to the damping housing 58th By means of egg ner spring device, not shown, a certain pretension of the bumper 63 in the extension direction is sufficient, so that this pretensioning the bumper 63 ge against the back of an impact member 48 and the bottom 60 of the damper housing 58 against the back of the other impact member 48 'presses.

The damping unit 47 is held axially displaceable overall on the first body 4 . This is achieved in the embodiment in that the shock absorber 57 is inserted into the correspondingly adapted with its cross-sectional dimensions on 28 with sliding play, the slot-like opening 32 is so narrow that the damping unit 47 can not pass through to the outside.

The cross-sectional shape of the support portions 52 of the impact member 48 , 48 'can speak approximately that of the damper housing 58 ent, so that the impact members 48 , 48 ' formed separately from the damping unit 47 are easily displaceable relative to the first body 4 in the receptacle 28 .

At this point it should be pointed out that the impact members 48 , 48 'could also be formed from solid components on the one hand the bumper 63 and on the other hand the damper housing 58 . For example, the one on impact member 48 from the front end portion of the bumper 63 and the associated support portion 52 from a radial projection of the bumper, for example a retaining ring or a cross pin, may be formed. The other impact member 48 'could be formed by an extension of the base 60 of the damping housing 58 or by the base 60 itself, in the latter case the associated stop surface 38 could be arranged on the end face of a rod or tube which is penetrated by the openings 54 , 55 can act on the floor 60 .

If, during operation, the driven part 7 is displaced relative to the housing 6 and is moved to the left in FIG. 1, for example, a movement takes place at the usual working speed. When the driven part 7 approaches the stop unit 36 on the left, the impact surface 56 of the impact member 48 comes into contact with the facing stop surface 38 at some point. Due to the kinetic energy of the driven part 7 , this shifts further towards the stop unit 36 , the impact member 48 being axially displaced relative to it by the stop surface 38 acting on it in the direction of the damping unit 47 . Since the damper housing 58 opposite from the mounted impact member 48 'axially to the first Kör is supported by 4 immovably with respect to the bumper is slid 63 housing in the damper 58, is carried within which in a well-ter, the displacement of a damping fluid, which results in a counteracting Damping force results, which provides the impact member 48 with a certain resilient resistance. This has the result that the driven part is braked 7 during the pushing back of the bumper 63, to ultimately 'on the stop surface 38, the end position is reached by engagement of the thrust face 38th This situation is shown in FIG. 3.

If the driven part 7 is then shifted in the opposite direction, the resiliently biased shock rod ge 63 can extend again and the associated impact member 48 can be returned to the basic position shown in FIG. 1.

When moving into the opposite end position, the impact member 48 'located on the right in FIG. 1 interacts with the facing stop surface 38 and is likewise axially displaced in the direction of the damping unit 47 . Since the On bulging member 48 'acts on the damper housing 58 which ses relative to the fixed and on the lung in basic Stel located left impact member 48 is supported shock Stan shifted ge 63, wherein the bumper 63 with displacement of the damping piston 62 in turn moves into the damper housing 58 and also the damping process described above takes place. The situation present when the end position has been reached is shown in FIG. 4.

Then moves the driven part 7 back out of the end position, the damper housing 58 pushes the impact member 48 'back into the basic position shown in FIG. 1.

During the damping process, an axia le shortening of the damping unit 47 takes place, which is acted upon on the one hand by one of the impact members and on the other hand is supported on the other impact member supported in the basic position.

From Fig. 5 shows that instead of a fluidic shock damper also a different type of damping unit 47 is to be set. FIG. 5 shows a damping unit 47, which is formed by a rubber-elastic buffer body 64, which can be compressed axially elastic. The axial length of the buffer body 64 is selected according to the desired damping properties, as is the material quality. For example, it could be made of rubber or an elastomer material.

The buffer body 64 is arranged advantageously comparable to the pneumatic, hydraulic or combined pneumatic-hydraulic shock absorber 57 is axially movable in the housing 28, wherein it may be loosely inserted into the receptacle 28 or pushed. As with the shock absorber 57 , the impact members 48 , 48 ', which are made in particular of metal, can be designed as separate components from the buffer body 64 , which lie loosely under prestress on the end faces 65 of the buffer body 64 . Alternatively, the impact may members 48, 48 'also fixed verbun with the buffer body 64 to, for example, by being connected with its piston-like support section 52 by gluing or vulcanization fixedly connected to the buffer body 64 may be.

In the exemplary embodiment, the stop surfaces 38 serve both to interact with the impact members 48 , 48 'and, for the purpose of specifying the respective end position, to interact with the counter-stop surfaces 38 '. This is particularly advantageous in the present case because the impact surfaces 56 on the end faces of the impact members 48 , 48 'are arranged concentrically within the ring-shaped counter-stop surfaces 38 ' provided on the holding elements 34 , 34 ', so that there is a particularly space-saving construction. But it would be quite possible for the impact surface 56 and the Gegenanschlagflä surface 38 'each separate abutment surfaces 38 on the second body 5 and to provide the housing 6, especially when the impact surface 56 and the counter stop surface 38' transverse direction to the movement 3 are arranged next to one another.

Claims (16)

1. Device for damped braking of two relative to each other a reciprocating linear movement executing body ( 4 , 5 ) when reaching their two end positions, being held on one body and with a provided on the other body to an impact surface when approaching the respective end position ( 38 ) cooperating damping unit ( 47 ) takes effect, characterized in that on one body ( 4 , 7 ) a damping unit ( 47 ) responsible for the damped braking in both directions of movement is provided, which axially between two impact surfaces ( 56 ) having impact members ( 48 , 48 ') is arranged, the impact surfaces ( 56 ) pointing in opposite axial directions and each with the other body ( 5 , 6 ) verbun facing the stop surface ( 38 ), and that each impact member ( 48 'normally Tiered out axially immovably 48) has a striking surface associated to an (38) assisted basic Stel lung occupies from which it which is located in the basic position on the other impact member different bearing collapsing damping unit (47) can be deflected upon impact with the associated abutment surface (38) under axial shortening. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping unit ( 47 ) is formed by a fluidic shock absorber ( 57 ). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the shock absorber ( 57 ) has a damper housing ( 58 ) and a protruding from this relative to the damper housing ( 58 ) ver pushable bumper ( 63 ), the one impact member ( 48 ') with the damper housing ( 58 ) and the other impact member ( 48 ) cooperates with the bumper ( 63 ) and both the bumper ( 63 ) and the damper housing ( 58 ) with respect to the body ( 4 , 7 ) supporting the damping unit ( 57 ) axially are arranged movably. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the impact members ( 48 , 48 ') are designed as separate components with respect to the shock absorber ( 57 ) and flank the shock absorber ( 57 ) axially on both sides. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping unit ( 47 ) is formed by a rubber-elastic properties having buffer body ( 64 ). 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the impact members ( 48 , 48 ') are held in their basic positions by the damping unit ( 47 ) under axial prestress. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each stop surface ( 38 ) is part of a stop unit ( 36 ) which specifies the relevant end position. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one stop unit ( 36 ) for setting different Licher end positions in the direction of movement ( 3 ) of the two bodies ( 4 , 5 ) is arranged on the supporting body ( 5 ). 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one stop unit ( 36 ) has on its underside of the body ( 5 ) facing it has a surface toothing, which for the positive fixing of the set stop position with a cross-toothing extending in the direction of adjustment ( 44 ) of the stop unit ( 36 ) carrying body ( 5 ) is engaged. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the damping unit ( 47 ) with the drive part ( 7 ) from a linear drive ( 1 ) is connected. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the linear drive ( 1 ) has a fluidically and / or electrically ver storable drive part ( 16 ) which is motion-coupled via a driver ( 21 ) with the driven part ( 7 ), the damping unit ( 47 ) is placed in the coupling area between the driver ( 21 ) and the driven part ( 7 ). 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the driver ( 21 ) has a fork part ( 24 ), between the fork legs ( 25 ), the damping unit ( 47 ) with the impact members ( 48 , 48 ') is held, the impact members ( 48 , 48 ') through openings in the fork legs ( 37 ) axially outwardly in the direction of the stop surfaces ( 38 ) protrude. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the fork part ( 24 ) with the end portions ( 33 ) of its fork leg ( 25 ) in a the drive part ( 7 ) longitudinally and de at a point on its circumference along the open side on ( 28th ) engages, the end sections ( 33 ) being axially acted upon at their axially opposite surfaces by a holding element ( 34 ), in particular designed as a screw member ( 34 ') and fixed to the driven part ( 7 ). 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the holding elements ( 34 ) are penetrated axially movable by the impact members ( 48 , 48 '). 15. The device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that one of the two bodies ( 5 ) from the housing ( 6 ) or an associated component of a linear actuator ( 1 ) and the other of the two bodies ( 4 ) from the stripping part or an associated component of the linear drive ( 1 ) is formed. 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the linear drive (1) leads out in rodless design and having a one of the body (5) forming the housing (6), in which a fluidically and / or electrically verlager bares drive member (16 ) is arranged, on which a longitudinal slot ( 22 ) of the housing ( 6 ) penetrates driver ( 21 ), which outside the housing ( 6 ) with a sled-like, the other of the two bodies ( 4 ), the attachment of a load to be moved enabling output part ( 7 ) is coupled.