DE19746725A1 - Fire-resistant maintenance door installed at top of shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The small door is used in a building or at the top of a shaft. It may be used as a fire door or an access door for maintenance access. The door assembly (100) may be installed in an existing building structure. There is a swing door (220) with a hinge (21) at one edge and a fastening device (22) at the other edge. The door fits into a frame (210,211) which is installed into a set of frame elements (300) which may be made of fire resistant material eg. Gypsum or "Promat" (RTM) or "Promatect" (RTM). A lid (400), which may be made of fireproof material, is fitted into the frame and has a shoulder on the edge which overlaps a shoulder on the frame.

Description

The invention relates to a closure member for inspection and maintenance openings in Structures, preferably a fire, smoke, odor and soundproofing closure for Installation shafts, ducts or the like in buildings, being in a wall passage opening a closable locking element accessible from the room side into one opening part on the room side and a shaft part in an opening part oriented there usable, same covering shaft opening cover, preferably made of heat, fire and charring-resistant material, are arranged, and the room-side opening a larger Cross-sectional area has as the shaft-side opening or its cover.

Locking devices of this type are used in particular as fire protection inspection doors the installation in possibly or latently fire-prone shafts, in particular Installation shafts, ventilation, line, exhaust and waste shafts, cable ducts and. the like provided and on the one hand serve for revision, maintenance and repair purposes and on the other hand in the event of a fire, smoldering fire or the like and the like the development of smoke and poisonous gases that occur Fire and penetration of smoke and gases into the interior of buildings prevent.

Have become known and come into use as stated at the beginning Locking devices for plasterboard wall systems with metal stud walls or such trained shaft walls, which are designed as inspection flaps and on the room side, an inspection flap that can be folded out when opened. B. from a Has double layer of plasterboard, this flap with in the wall panels engaging hook elements or the like only hooked into the adjacent wall panels are and are equipped with spring elements or the like on their opening side with which they also snap into the wall panels when they close. At the Metal carrier or arranged between two metal carriers and attached to them is one Kind of short horizontal shaft from z. B. refractory plates, which in the respective Installation shaft protrudes transversely and one on the shaft side, one inside Mineral fiber plate surrounding opening, which with a mineral fiber plate as Cover is covered.

Apart from the rather complex construction, this type is a Direct installation in any opening in a wall to a shaft is not possible and it is also mandatory to install the flap there on the previously planned one  and precise arrangement of two wall brackets, between which the Horizontal shaft section is to be arranged.

Another disadvantage that should not be underestimated is the flap on the room side, which, as it is made of plasterboard, has a precise fit in the opening of the room Gypsum board wall does not allow so that a filler or the like. The inspection flap must take place, which inhibits their rapid handling in the event of a revision and a Re-filling after opening the flap for a revision, maintenance or repair makes necessary.

Further examples of such closure members are AT 163.666 A, the DE 13 03 570 A2 and DE 14 51 542 A1 and DE 15 26 141 A1.

All chimney doors or chimney cleaning devices described in these documents It is common to conclude that they are partly also modular with wall on set frame, room-side door and shaft-side cover are formed, the in however, the opening of the wall to the shaft to be inserted obviously shows a material is formed which is not different from that of the two closure members differs, and this material is apparently metallic in nature. In all cases this is Frame further tapered towards the shaft.

A design of the shaft wall penetrating frame made of metal has the major disadvantage of high heat or heat conductivity from the shaft to Inside of the room, what exactly in the event of danger, e.g. B. in a shaft fire - at the stringent tests of such locking devices according to those in the industrialized countries applicable standards one assumes the occurrence of temperatures from to at 1100 ° C - represents a safety risk.

If you now assume, for example, the assumption made from the above Writings Smoke shaft locking devices that have become known have no metal frame, but a frame made of a heat-insulating material, so remains - and this applies in in the same way for all closure organs resulting from these writings - always the main disadvantage is that that part of the closure that for a safe, even in the event of danger, sealing, pressing the shaft side Cover should ensure - it is according to the above. Writings e.g. B. by a pressure spring, a kind of joint or a real immovable support strut - in direct connection stands with the lock door on the room side and - to exercise the necessary Contact pressure on the manhole cover - on this room-side lock door supports you well.

This is a direct heat-conducting connection between the shaft-side cover and room-side door given what z. B. a real one in the event of a shaft fire Represents a source of danger.

The invention has set itself the task, if possible, using commercially available elements of this type, under a wide variety of structural  Requirements and conditions can be used flexibly, preferably modularly trained, fireproof, the fire protection of the different classes (e.g. T30, T60, T90) to create a closing device of the type mentioned at the outset easy to install and easy to use and both technical and modern meets aesthetic requirements. The focus of the new locking device However, it should be that one for technical reasons outlined above highly problematic, mechanical and additionally heat-conducting connection between the manhole cover on the high temperature side and the building inside access door is avoided at all.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a closure member for revision and Maintenance openings in structures, preferably locking devices for fire, smoke, Odor and / or sound insulation for installation shafts, ducts or the like in buildings, being in a wall passage opening there accessible to the room hinged closure element in a room-side opening part and a shaft side insertable into an opening part oriented there and covering it Manhole opening cover made of heat, fire and charring resistant material are, the room-side opening has a larger cross-sectional area than that shaft-side opening or its cover, and wherein the closure member - formed as into a wall or existing one from the start or afterwards Wall opening insertable module - as a room-side locking element in or on a frame or frame, around one, preferably vertical. Swiveling axis stored, horizontally foldable and in the closed position with the standardized frame or whose frame part has a flush access door and the frame or Frame on all sides with one in the closed position transverse to the level of the door Chute side extending module insert frame is connected, which in turn forming the shaft opening frame on all sides towards the shaft opening is angled, which is characterized in that the shaft opening-closing cover in the closed position with a shaft opening fitting part essentially protruding into the shaft opening and against the shaft opening frame with its contact and sealing part on the inside and on all sides around the shaft opening is arranged around and that, preferably on or in one heat-resistant and heat-insulating refractory material formed module insert frame itself and / or the shaft opening frame or on or in the same connected support and anchoring elements and / or on the inside of the Shaft opening closing cover an organ for pressing or pressing the Manhole opening closing cover or its abutment and sealing part in the Locking position anchored to the inside of the shaft opening frame, fastened, stored, rotatably or swivel-mounted or the like. Which pressure element for opening the Manhole opening cover in a position releasing it for removal  transferable, in particular displaceable, rotatable or pivotable, foldable, is designed to be resilient, pullable or pushable or the like.

The main advantages of the new revision locking device are that it in any type of wall opening, in any type of wall and at any desired location the same, that is, also in each retrofitted wall opening, can be installed that it a very easy-to-use door on the room side, in a variety of different ways Embodiments, such as a cleaning door, is commercially available, and at the same time, a safe and precisely positioned refractory cover on the shaft side guaranteed, but for revision purposes u. Like. Can be removed quickly and easily.

The new locking device is therefore smoke-tight, sound-absorbing, odor-inhibiting or tight, easy to use and also for a subsequent, quick installation suitable. The modular design only makes assembly on the spot superfluous.

It is like a modular system in various standard sizes producible, special dimensions are not excluded. With regard to the Design or equipment of the visible sides of the room-side door and of there is no limit to its scope. It ranges from one coat of paint to one Tiling, the surface can be any kind of profiling, coating, planking or the like. Usually the frame of the door is a folded steel frame trained, which protrudes into the module insert frame, clamped to this attached or glued to it.

The essential feature of the closure element according to the invention is that that every direct mechanical and therefore more or less heat-conducting connection between the inside door of the building and the manhole cover is avoided, and in this way the security risk mentioned above previously known constructions in the event of danger, in particular in the case of shaft fires is actually turned off.

This mechanical and heat-conductive decoupling is achieved between Manhole cover and access door on the room side in that the component which for the sealing press of the cover on and into the shaft-side opening is responsible, not on the room-side door, but on or in - even from a heat-insulating, e.g. B. ceramic, material formed - insert frame and / or the shaft opening supports the surrounding shaft opening frame part, anchored there or anchored or the like.

As for the positioning and fixing of the manhole cover in the As regards the opening there, the cover is approximately in the middle and over a larger one Length range pressing into the opening or on its frame. open and close pivotable, possibly self-resilient bracket according to claim 2 particularly prefers.  

A rotary bearing of this pressing or tensioning bracket according to claim 3 is simple and effective.

The high security of a genuinely fixing closure of the shaft opening ver the end cover is replaced by an additional snap-in movement boundary elements achieved according to claim 4.

A particularly simple solution to limit the movement of the pressure bracket offers claim 5.

The pressure elements follow a further and different principle Claim 6, which per se high contact effectiveness and simplicity with each other connect.

The same applies to an embodiment with pure snap elements according to Claim 7.

Simple screw solutions for releasable positioning and sealing pressure of the closure cover are disclosed in claims 8 and 9.

A slide lock is particularly simple, but extremely robust and effective according to claim 10, wherein the slide z. B. on the inside of the manhole cover or but is arranged on the shaft opening frame and the closing opening, in which the bolt is pushed in the closed position, vice versa is positioned.

All previously shown systems for the secure positioning and pressing of the shaft-side cover, i.e. the cover directly exposed to fire and flue gas or part of the new closure member are arranged so that they are open Access door operated and in particular can be locked, what the Security increased significantly. So you're from closing the independent access door on the room side. The much more important aspect of Heat transfer decoupling, which is thereby achieved, is explained in detail above.

Furthermore, it is, especially in terms of manufacturing technology, inexpensive to use in the Wall opening and ultimately the respective wall to the shaft enforcing operational framework according to the type of information in claim 11 shape.

Bring real protection against smoke and carbonization in the event of fire Sealing strip on the shaft opening frame according to claim 12 and / or on Closure cover according to claim 13.

An embodiment of the manhole cover according to Claim 14 brings in addition to a seat almost flush with the shaft in the Shaft opening also has the advantage of being easy to manufacture.

In terms of an effective, uniform manufacturing technology, too Construction variant to be seen according to claim 15.  

Corresponding to the commercial offer of various wall lock doors and also technically favorable is a square shape or cross-sectional shape of all essential components of the new closure module according to claim 16.

He names particularly preferred materials for the room-side access door Claim 17, wherein all the aforementioned equipment variants of the same in question come.

An essential one, today's taste requirements corresponding aspect covers the design of the access door according to Claim 18 from, wherein it is essential that the rapid accessibility is fully given is what z. B. with a filler, as in the known flaps for Gypsum board walls, not the case.

In this sense, an embodiment according to claim 19 is furthermore advantageous.

In the case of a wider window frame, a design of the new comes Closure organ module according to the type of claim 20 for wearing, which particularly good, comprehensive connection to the room-side edge zones of the respective Wall opening guaranteed.

As for the connection of the frame of the access door with the insert frame concerns, techniques according to claim 21 are preferred, the current achieved high level of adhesive technology also offers optimal solutions.

Simple and effective locking elements of the room-side frame access door Ensembles according to claim 22 facilitate the with high security easy access in the event of a revision.

The invention is explained on the basis of the drawing.

There is shown in FIGS. 1a and b designed as a fire door closing device according to the invention in section in virtually ready for installation, Fig. 2a and b in detail the insert frame from the front and in section, Fig. 3a and b the shaft opening-closing lid of front and in section and Fig. 4, the access door in the closed state from the front and in sectional view.

Furthermore, FIGS. 5a and 5b to 9 different embodiments of the closure member with differently configured pressure elements for the slot opening lid, respectively in sectional view.

The fire protection inspection door 100 according to FIGS. 1 to 4 is a ready-to-install housing module with a respective wall opening to a shaft, e.g. B. installation shaft, penetrating built-in or insert frame 300 , which on the room side from the room-side access guaranteeing door ensemble 200 with a frame 210 - shown here at a distance - with a cover frame part 211 covering the end face 301 of the insert frame and one in the insert frame 300 protruding leg 212 is covered. The frame 220 is e.g. B. by screwing, gluing or by spring pressure or by means of fastening tabs 213 or the like. Anchoring elements in the insert frame 300 can be attached. An articulated opening for articulated pins 221 of the horizontally swiveling access door 220 , which is equipped with a closing element 222 , is arranged in the frame 210 or its leg 212 .

Towards the shaft, the insert frame 300 has a shaft opening frame 310 , which is angled towards the shaft opening 450 and surrounds the same all around, the inside 311 of which surrounds the opening 450 is provided with a fire-resistant smoke gas sealing strip 315 .

With its fitting part 401 , the manhole opening closing cap 400 fits snugly into the manhole opening 450 and is almost flush with the shaft-side outer surface 312 of the manhole opening frame 310 . The closing lid 400 is in the closed position shown here with its plate-shaped Anliege- and sealing member 402 or on its own outside the near-edge smoke sealant strip 315 on the inside 311 of the chute opening framing 310th The manhole closing cover 400 also has on the room side a, here bow-like, handle 420 , and pivoting movement limiting and latching elements 515 for the two opposite wall flanks of the insert frame 300 or in bearing elements mounted thereon, for. B. sheet metal strip or the like. Rotatably mounted, equipped with an arched grip zone 512 pressing or pressing bracket 510 , which here represents the pressing member 500 for the shaft opening closing cover 400 .

Figures 2, 3 and 4 -. With consistent reference numerals Meanings - the insert frame 300, the shaft opening-closing cover 400 and the pivoting access door 220 with its frame 210 in further detail, it being necessary per se no detailed explanations more.

With an otherwise completely identical reference symbolism, a pressure element 500 for the manhole cover 400 is shown in FIG. 5, which is supported by two opposing bearing supports, for example, in the insert frame 300 flanks or fastened there, not shown separately. B. are rotatably supported from sheet metal.

Such “rubbers” can also be mounted in the opening frame 310 and, in the closed position, can be brought into a position that overlaps the cover 400 .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, overlapping snap springs 530 are provided laterally over the edge of the manhole cover 500 in the closed position. B. in the flanks of the insert frame 300 or attached to the frame part 310 .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, screw bolts 540 anchored in the shaft opening frame are provided, which penetrate corresponding openings of the cover 400 , the cover being able to be pressed onto nuts 541 in any thickness.

The variant is very similar to FIG. 8 built, only internal threads 550 are provided here for the anchoring of the pressing screw 540, which are recessed in the shaft opening border 310th

Fig. 9 shows another particularly simple and preferred variant of the new closure member. The cover 450 is here for closing the shaft opening 400 behind an overlap bracket 570 , z. B. a bar, a spring suspension, claws or the like., And can then be hung after its pivoting and insertion into the shaft opening only with the slide bar 560 , the sliding part 561 when closed in an opening 561 between two curved tabs 563 , which mounted on a support bracket 565 on the insert frame 300 , engages, fixed. All reference numerals otherwise shown in the figure have the same meanings as in the previous figures.

Claims (22)

1. Closure member for inspection and maintenance openings in buildings, preferably closure member for fire, smoke, odor and sound insulation for installation shafts, ducts or the like in buildings, with a room-side opening in a wall passage opening accessible, hinged closure element are arranged in a room-side opening part and on the shaft side a shaft opening cover which can be inserted into an opening part oriented there and covers the same, is made of heat-resistant, fire-resistant and charring-resistant material, the room-side opening has a larger cross-sectional area than the shaft-side opening or the cover thereof, and wherein the closure member ( 100 ) - designed as an installation module that can be inserted into a wall opening or wall opening from the outset or can be inserted subsequently - as a closure element on the room side in or on a frame or frame ( 210 ) around a, preferably vertical, axis (ar) pivotable rtes, horizontally hinged and in the closed position with the standardized frame ( 210 ) or its frame part flush access door ( 220 ) and the frame or frame ( 210 ) on all sides with a transverse to the plane of the door ( 220 ) in the closed position Module-insert frame ( 300 ) extending towards the shaft side is connected, which in turn is angled on all sides to form the shaft opening frame ( 310 ) towards the shaft opening ( 450 ), characterized in that the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) is in the closed position with a The shaft opening fitting part ( 401 ) projects into the shaft opening ( 450 ) in a substantially snug manner and is arranged on the shaft opening frame ( 310 ) with its contact and sealing part ( 402 ) on the inside and on all sides around the shaft opening ( 450 ) and that, preferably on or in the M formed from a heat-resistant and heat-insulating refractory material module insert frame ( 300 ) itself and / or the shaft opening frame ( 310 ) or on or in carrier and anchoring elements connected to it and / or on the inside of the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) an organ ( 500 ) for Press or press on the manhole opening closing cover ( 400 ) or its contact and sealing part ( 402 ) in the closed position on the inside ( 311 ) of the manhole opening frame ( 310 ), anchored, fastened, supported, pivoted or pivoted or the like ., Which pressing member ( 500 ) for opening the manhole opening cover ( 400 ) can be brought into a position releasing it for removal, in particular displaceable, rotatable or pivotable, foldable, springable, pullable or pushable or . Is formed. 2. obturator according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressing member (500) upright by a, preferably for the bay opening-closing cover (400) axis in a said lid (400) at least to the well-opening surround (310) pressing closed position and an essentially diametrical opening position in the module insert frame ( 400 ) or on pivotable, essentially elongated C- or [-shaped, optionally resiliently designed, pressing or tensioning brackets ( 510 ) mounted on support elements connected to the same. , optionally with manipulation sheet ( 512 ). 3. Closure member according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the articulated mounting of the pressure or tensioning bracket ( 510 ) in joint openings from opposite one another in the (module) insert frame ( 300 ), for example by means of screws or clamps, mounted joint support elements he follows. 4. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one movement-limiting element ( 515 ) for the pressure bracket ( 510 ) is arranged on the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ), which, if appropriate, snap-in elements or the like. Has bracket ( 510 ) in the closed position. 5. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a handle element ( 420 ) of the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) simultaneously forms a pivoting movement limiting element for the pressure bracket ( 510 ). 6. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one, preferably at least one pair of mutually opposed, closure grater ( 520 ) is provided as the pressing member ( 500 ) for the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) in the closed position is or are, the same being rotatably mounted on the inside ( 311 ) of the shaft opening frame ( 310 ) or, if appropriate essentially in the form of locking cams, on the inner flanks of the module insert frame ( 300 ). 7. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that as a pressing member ( 500 ) for the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) on the module insert frame ( 300 ) or on the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ), resilient snap-in Elements ( 530 ) are provided, which can be snap-cooperated vice versa with snap-in counter-elements on the closing cover ( 400 ) or on the insert frame ( 300 ). 8. Closure element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least two bolt bolts ( 540 ) anchored on or in the shaft opening framing part ( 310 ) are provided as a pressing element ( 500 ) for the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ), which pass through said closing cover ( 400 ) in the closed position and onto which each of the pressure nuts ( 541 ) for the closing cover ( 400 ) can be screwed. 9. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least two on or in the shaft opening frame part ( 310 ) countersunk threaded bores ( 550 ) are provided as a pressing member ( 500 ) for the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) in which screws ( 540 ) penetrating the cover ( 400 ) in its closed position. 10. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one, optionally two diametrically arranged, on the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) or on the module insert frame ( 300 ) or its shaft opening frame part ( 310 ) as the pressing element Arranged, latch or slide slide latch ( 560 ) are provided, the sliding part ( 561 ) or the like after insertion of the lid ( 400 ) in a closing-fixing opening ( 562 ). 11. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the (module) insert frame ( 300 ) and its shaft opening angled towards the shaft opening frame part ( 310 ) with mineral-based, preferably heat and fire-resistant building boards, particularly preferably from the material "Promat" or "Promatect" are formed, which are bound to one another by clamping or screwing and optionally alternatively or additionally by fire-resistant adhesive. 12. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that on the shaft opening frame part ( 310 ) on the side ( 311 ) to the access door ( 220 ) around the shaft opening ( 450 ) on all sides a sealing strip or tape ( 315 ), preferably made of a foaming and sticky material that increases volume when exposed to heat. 13. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the abutting and sealing part ( 402 ) of the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) with one of its shaft opening fitting part ( 401 ) circumferential sealing strip or tape ( 315 ), is preferably made of a material that increases volume, foams and becomes sticky when exposed to heat. 14. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the abutting and sealing part ( 402 ) and the shaft opening fitting part ( 401 ) of the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) with one another identical, mineral-based, preferably heat and Refractory, building board material, particularly preferably with the material "Promat" or "Promatect", formed and bound to one another by fire and heat-resistant adhesive. 15. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the (module) insert frame ( 300 ), the shaft opening ( 450 ) surrounding the shaft opening frame part ( 310 ) and the shaft opening closing cover ( 400 ) with mutually identical, mineralized , preferably heat and fire-resistant, building board material, particularly preferably with the material "Promat" or "Promatect". 16. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the room-side access door ( 220 ) and its frame ( 210 ), the (module) insert frame ( 300 ), the shaft opening ( 450 ), and its cover ( 400 ) and its parts ( 401 , 402 ) have a square shape or cross-sectional shape. 17. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the room-side access door ( 220 ) and its frame ( 210 ) are made of the same material or different from metal, preferably steel, and possibly made of plastic. 18. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the access door ( 220 ) in the closed position with its frame ( 210 ) or its frame part ( 211 ) with a room-side wall coating, in particular a wall plaster, can be arranged flush is. 19. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the part ( 211 ) of the window frame ( 210 ) visible on the room side is arranged on the room-side end face ( 301 ) of the (module) insert frame ( 300 ) or is sunk into the same . 20. Closure element according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the part ( 211 ) of the window frame ( 210 ) visible on the room side is arranged on the room-side end face ( 301 ) of the (module) insert frame ( 300 ) and is arranged in an outstanding manner. 21. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the door frame ( 310 ), preferably in the (module) insert frame ( 300 ) projecting part or leg ( 312 ) by means of anchoring tabs ( 213 ), screw - Or clip elements, optionally connected by gluing to said insert frame ( 360 ). 22. Closure member according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the frame ( 210 ) and the - optionally with inside sound insulation ( 225 ) equipped access door ( 220 ) cooperating closure elements, preferably engaging in the manner of a pivotable in a frame opening Have tongue ( 222 ) or a lock.