DE19642253C2 - Water-vapor permeable and water-repellent lining material for the clothing and shoe industry and process for the production thereof - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a water vapor permeable and water-repellent lining material for clothing and Shoe industry from a layer of a knitted textile Fabric and a layer of one made of meltblown Microfibers made from thermoplastic Meltblown fleece.

Water vapor permeable and water repellent lining materials for the clothing and footwear industry are diverse known and are in increasing numbers in Clothing and shoes used to make this water-repellent and permeable to water vapor, also often as to be called breathable. For this water repellent, d. H. hydrophobic finish of each In contrast, clothing items are assigned to the lining material waterproof materials tissue pores that are not are closed, the lining material permeable to water vapor, d. H. stays breathable while these tissue pores, however, for the passage of Drops of water due to the prevailing in these Surface tensions are too small, such as in the DE-AS 21 27 414 described.  

For example, textiles have been around for some time and so too Shoes on the market that have such a water-repellent and breathable intermediate lining based on fibers Contain polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a membrane, what for reference is made, for example, to US 4194 041.

Also in other applications, for example in the construction sector, breathable laminates are used with advantage. So DE 34 25 794 A1 describes a breathable Roofing membrane made of a polyurethane film and one with it connected fleece layer.

A disadvantage of the known water-repellent and Water vapor permeable intermediate lining is, however, that this on the one hand, an elaborate and therefore expensive Production require, on the other hand only slight mechanical Resilience and tear and Abrasion resistance seems to be in need of improvement.

DE 34 17 517 C2 discloses a textile Inlay material, for example, for stiffening the collar a highly melt-resistant and connected with a fleece and reinforcement filaments melted onto the surface to train. Breathable and waterproof at the same time However, lining materials are not preserved here.

The object of the invention is therefore a water vapor permeable and water-repellent lining material for clothing and To propose shoe industry, which decreased with Effortlessly produce effort at low cost.

This object is achieved with an inventive water vapor-permeable and water-repellent lining material for the clothing and footwear industry according to the characteristics of claim 1 solved.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the Removable subclaims.  

A method of making the invention Intermediate feed is the subject of claims 17 to 19.

The invention includes a water vapor-permeable and water-repellent intermediate lining for the clothing and shoe industry, in which a layer of a meltblown fleece made of melt-blown microfibers with a basis weight of 10 to 100 g / m ² , preferably 20 to 70 g / m ² , and a knitted one Textile fabrics are connected by heat and pressure treatment, in particular are laminated, the meltblown nonwoven being compacted to a film-like layer with plasticization, the remaining pores of which have a residual pore size that allow water vapor permeability but reject water passage.

The composite for the lining material according to the invention is on simple way from a cheap knitted textile Flat structures with larger open tissue pores and good ones Strength and an equally inexpensive meltblown Fleece made of meltblown microfibers, which is also from contains from open tissue pores, for example through Laminating under the influence of temperature and pressure.

The invention teaches that the meltblown fleece is and pressure treatment during lamination into one film-like layer is melted and compressed, so that on the one hand an adhesive bond with the textile Fabric is caused, but on the other hand by the foil-like formation of the meltblown fleece its after Connect any remaining pores one over the other original pore size in the meltblown fleece is essential have reduced residual pore size. This residual pore size, which are also significantly smaller than the pore size of the knitted textile fabric gives the association the desired water vapor permeability with simultaneous Prevention of water passage, so that the invention Lining material as a waterproof and breathable layer Kind of a membrane used in clothing and footwear can be.

A comfortable grip around the lining material according to the invention and high strength, particularly tear strength confer, the invention proposes that as a knitted textile fabric a knitted warp knitted fabric, such as Charmeuse is used. Such a charmeuse can For example, be made of polyamide fibers, the one have particularly high abrasion resistance or in Mix with other fibers, such as natural fibers and / or Chemical fibers can be made to certain desired ones Achieve charmeuse properties.  

It is already beneficial for the manufacture of charmeuse inherently hydrophobic thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as for example made of polypropylene or others suitable plastic fibers made of polyamide or thermoplastic Polyester, optionally by means of a Water repellents are treated. Here, the Microfibers in the manufacture of the meltblown nonwoven equipped hydrophobically with a hydrophobizing agent by spraying or the meltblown nonwoven retrofitted with a water repellent , for example by superficial spraying with the Water repellant or immersion in the water repellant containing immersion bath.

In the same way it is also possible to use the knitted textile Flat structures based on natural fibers, such as cotton or Silk and / or chemical fibers, such as artificial silk, for example Rayon or viscose to form and in place of charmeuse too other suitable weaves using the aforementioned Use fibers.

For the production of the meltblown fleece for the Compound forming lining material according to the invention suggested this from meltblown microfibers Form the basis of thermoplastic polyurethane. Such Polyurethanes are inherently water-repellent Properties that contribute to the desired water resistance of the feed material according to the invention advantageously contribute and combine with a knitted textile fabric, like the charmeuse based on, for example Polyamide fibers under pressure and heat without additional Adhesion promoter.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the meltblown nonwoven made of meltblown microfibers made of a thermoplastic polyurethane with a melting point range from 90 to 150 ° C according to DIN 53460 and a specific weight of 1.13 to 1.25 g / cm ³ and a tensile strength of at least 10 N / mm ² , preferably at least 30 N / mm ² according to DIN 53504.

By selecting such thermoplastic polyurethanes with Certain other properties of the invention Lining material adapted to different uses become.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a thermoplastic polyurethane with a relatively high Melting point range from 130 to 150 ° C according to DIN 53460 and one Shore hardness A of at least 75, preferably at least 80, according to DIN 53505 and an elongation in percent of at least 500, preferably 600 according to DIN 53504 for the production of the Meltblown fleece made from meltblown microfibers use. Such a meltblown nonwoven has a high thermal resilience and high mechanical strength so that one made with this meltblown nonwoven Lining material in highly stressed clothing and Shoes, for example in sports and work clothing is good to use.

In another advantageous embodiment of the invention it is proposed min as a thermoplastic polyurethane, a substantially linear polyester urethane having a melt viscosity index MVI (190 ° C, 10 kg) 15 to 23 ^cm3 / 10 min. and a softening range of 60 to 70 ° C according to Kofler. A meltblown nonwoven made from such a polyurethane can be bonded to the lining material according to the invention at lower temperatures, which is particularly advantageous in the case of thermally sensitive textile fabrics and also reduces the energy expenditure during the connection and higher speeds in the manufacture of the lining material according to the invention enables.

In a further embodiment of the invention proposed the meltblown fleece of the invention Compound of meltblown material forming lining material Microfibers based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) form and compress to a film-like layer.

It is also possible to make the meltblown fleece from a mixture of meltblown microfibers made of thermoplastic Plastics with water vapor permeable and form water-repellent properties, being advantageous at least 50% by weight of the microfibers made of thermoplastic Polyurethane or PTFE are formed. In such a case can be mixed from fibers of thermoplastics Meltblown fleece corresponding to 1 to 50 wt .-% meltblown Microfibers based on, for example, polypropylene or Polyethylene or other suitable thermoplastic Contain plastics.

Meltblown nonwovens are preferred without additional Solidification through, for example, sample embossing or calendering used. However, can also be embossed and additional Pre-consolidated meltblown nonwovens used for the invention become.

In each of the aforementioned embodiments, that is Meltblown nonwoven regardless of its raw materials according to the invention during the connection with the textile Flat structures under pressure and heat at least on the surface melted and this melted area is compressed like a film. The meltblown fleece experiences this a more or less sharp decrease in thickness, so that completed intermediate lining optically like a textile with a thin coating Fabrics can appear.

It is essential, however, that the inventive Compacting the meltblown nonwoven into a film-like one Layer of the originally existing open pores is not  be completely closed, but only to much smaller remaining pores reduced in sufficient number that let water vapor through the composite, however, are too narrow for water drops to pass through.

A lining material according to the invention which is easy to process for the clothing and shoe industry advantageously has a textile fabric with a weight per unit area of 10 g / m ² to 100 g / m ² .

To increase the water-repellent properties of the lining material according to the invention, it is also possible provide hydrophobic finishing of the feed material.

The hydrophobic finishing of nonwovens is known per se and described for example in US 3837 996. Suitable Hydrophobing agents are, for example, paraffins, waxes, Metal soaps etc. with additives on aluminum or Zirconium salts, quaternary organic compounds, urea Derivatives, fatty acid modified melamine resins, chromium Complex salts, silicones, tin organic compounds, Glutardialdehyde, etc., which are commercially available. Also Fluorocarbon compounds, especially perfluorinated Hydrocarbons or mixtures of these with others suitable substances, such as lithium nitrate can be used advantageously.

The hydrophobic finishing of the composite with such Hydrophobing agent can be done by either only that Meltblown fleece or the textile fabric or that entire lining material made of meltblown fleece and textile Fabric before or after the manufacture of the Lining material with the hydrophobizing agent in the desired Quantity is provided.

Since the hydrophobizing agents mentioned also after application remain porous on the layer to be finished, the  Breathability of the lining material according to the invention also not lost with hydrophobic finish.

The inventive method for producing the foregoing explained water vapor permeable and water repellent Lining material for the clothing and footwear industry a composite containing a layer of a knitted textile Fabric and a layer of one made of meltblown Microfibers made from thermoplastic Meltblown fleece, is based on the fact that an adhesive bond of the layers produced by the action of pressure and heat becomes.

According to the invention, the two layers pass together through an elongated gap formed between two circulating conveyor belts and while the gap is running through, a temperature of 90 to 180 ° C. and a pressure of 5 to 30 kN / cm ^{2 act} on the layers for at least 10 seconds, wherein the microfibers of the meltblown nonwoven are melted and compacted into a film-like layer, so that the residual pores of the meltblown nonwoven compacted into a film-like layer have a residual pore size which reject the passage of water but ensure water vapor permeability.

The adhesive bond between the meltblown fleece and the knitted textile fabrics are made without additionally required adhesives, such as adhesives or the like. At the same time they become film-like compressed meltblown fleece contained pores compared to original pore size reduced to residual pores, one have so small residual pore size that they the Reject water passage, but at the same time the Cause water vapor permeability and thus the desired Composite of a textile fabric as mechanical resilient carrier layer and the film-like compacted Meltblown fleece for the breathable and water-repellent Intermediate feed is formed.  

Since the compaction of the meltblown nonwoven according to the invention increases a film-like layer at temperatures from 90 to 180 ° C depending on the meltblown fleece used and the the raw material properties of the same, becomes the knitted textile that is still included in the network Flat structures are not affected in their properties or changed because of the formation of the textile fabric fibers used at the temperatures mentioned none Experience impairment or change. Those in the association contained layer from the knitted textile fabric thus primarily serves as a carrier layer for the lining material according to the invention and gives it the desired strength, while that becomes a film-like Layer of meltblown nonwoven compacted the existing composite Pore size reduced and the lining material according to the invention its water repellent and water vapor permeable Gives properties.

This can be done to increase the water-repellent property Meltblown fleece and / or the knitted textile surface formed before or after their connection to the invention Lining material with a suitable water repellent be made hydrophobic.

The invention is based on a Embodiment explained in more detail in the drawing. It demonstrate

Fig. 1a shows a section through a lining material before producing the composite

FIG. 1b, the lining material according to Fig. 1a after the production of the composite

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a device for producing a lining material.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1a and 1b, a water vapor-permeable and water-repellent lining material for the clothing and shoe industry is made of a composite, comprising a layer of a knitted textile fabric 3 , for example a charmeuse based on polyamide fibers and / or natural fibers, and a layer of one Meltblown fleece 2 formed from melt-blown microfibers. The meltblown nonwoven is made, for example, of meltblown microfibers made of a thermoplastic polyurethane with a density of 1.19 g / cm ³ , a melting point range from 130 to 150 ° C, a Shore hardness A of 85, an elongation of 700%, a tensile strength of 40 N / mm ² formed. The microfibers have a diameter of less than 10 µm.

As apparent from the comparison of FIGS. 1a and 1b, in which in Fig. Shown finished composite 1b 4, the meltblown nonwoven, which in Fig. 1a as a location on the displayed there precomposite 4 a textile on the knitted fabric 3 is placed loosely, compressed to a film-like layer 2 a, which has been brought about by a heat and pressure treatment during the production of the composite 4 , as will be explained in more detail below.

The composite 4 shown in FIG. 1b for forming a lining material for the clothing and shoe industry thus has the knitted textile fabric 3 as a carrier web, which gives the composite 4 the desired strength, the textile fabric 3 adhering firmly to the film-like layer 2 a compressed meltblown fleece is connected. This film-like layer 2 a made of the meltblown nonwoven has residual pores that are significantly smaller than the original pore size, this residual pore size permitting the water vapor permeability of the composite 4 , but rejecting water passage, so that the desired breathable and waterproof lining material for the composite 4 the clothing and footwear industry is created.

For example, such a composite 4 produced by lamination has a charmeuse as a textile fabric 3 with a basis weight of 30 to 100 g and a compressed polyurethane meltblown fleece with a basis weight of 20 to 60 g / m ² .

The preparation of this composite 4 with compressed into a sheet-like layer 2 a meltblown nonwoven is shown schematically in FIG. 2.

As can be seen from this FIG. 2, a layer of a meltblown nonwoven 2 and a textile fabric 3 of rolls 20 and 30 are fed in the direction of the arrows P1 and P2 to a laminating device 1 , which is known as a flat bed laminating device.

The meltblown nonwoven 2 can optionally be consolidated in a known manner by embossing the pattern.

The laminating device 1 has an elongated gap S through which the layers of the meltblown nonwoven 2 and the textile fabric 3 are passed for the purpose of adhesive bonding. The elongated gap S is formed between two revolving conveyor belts 10 , 11 which are driven in the same direction in a manner not shown and effect a uniform transport of the layers of meltblown fleece 2 and textile fabric 3 through the gap S.

Furthermore, the laminating device 1 has a plurality of heating elements 12 and possibly cooling elements 12 a, which act on the connecting layers of meltblown fleece 2 and textile fabric 3 at the desired temperature. In addition, several pressure rollers 13 are provided inside the laminating apparatus 1, acting with the desired pressure on the to be connected layers, so that when passing through the laminating apparatus 1, the composite 4 of textile fabric 3 and meltblown web 2 is produced and in the direction of arrow P3 can be wound on a take-up reel 40 .

As a result of the elongated gap S in the interior of the laminating device 1 between the rotating conveyor belts 10 , 11 , the desired temperature and pressure act evenly over a longer period of time, namely as long as the bond requires to pass through the elongated gap S. This requires a uniform action of the temperatures and pressures, so that the meltblown fleece 2 is at least partially melted evenly starting from its surfaces and is compressed to a film-like layer 2 a, which the composite 4 has the water vapor-permeable and water-repellent property already described due to the low Gives residual pore size in the film-like layer 2 a. The results can be optimized by appropriately regulating the temperature and pressure in the interior of the gap S and the speed at which the composite 4 passes through the gap.

The production of the composite and the associated compression of the meltblown nonwoven into the film-like layer 2 a takes place, for example, at temperatures of 150 to 170 ° C. and a pressure of 25 kN / cm ² in the interior of the gap S, but the textile fabric 3 of the Compound 4 does not experience any impairment or change during the connection, since the prevailing temperatures are far below the maximum permitted temperature for a textile fabric 3 , which is made of polyamide fibers, for example.

Here, the laminating apparatus 1 according to Fig. 2 is designed such that the gap S between the conveyor belts 10, 11 m, a length of at least 1, preferably m is 2 to 3, forms so that when conveyance or swipe speed of for example 5 m / min a minimum stay and an action of pressure and temperature on the layers to be bonded to one another is guaranteed for 10 seconds, preferably 15 seconds or longer.

In order to prevent the meltblown fleece from adhering to the circulating conveyor belts 10 , 11 during lamination, these can be provided with a Teflon coating or the like or be made entirely from this material.

To assist in the melting and subsequent compacting of the meltblown nonwoven fabric to the film-like layer 2 a, above that of the laminating apparatus 1 supplied meltblown web just prior to entering into the gap S by means not shown, suitably in Fig. 2 heater by the can out of They emitted heat radiation are already melted on the surface, so that the subsequent compression to the film-like layer 2 a in the interior of the laminating device 1 is facilitated.

The production of the composite 4 for a water vapor-permeable and water-repellent lining material for the clothing and shoe industry is thus carried out with little technical effort and also the individual layers of the composite can be inexpensively produced in large quantities, so that an economical production of the water vapor-permeable and water-repellent lining material is ensured is.

The lining material according to the invention thus faces the known lining materials through the use of a knitted textile fabric as a carrier web an essential increased tear and abrasion resistance and can be larger mechanical stress, for example in sportswear get abandoned. The use of meltblown nonwovens thermoplastic fibers like TPU with low Basis weight enables inexpensive production of such Linings.

Claims (19)

1.Water vapor-permeable and water-repellent lining material for the clothing and shoe industry from a layer of a knitted textile fabric ( 3 ) and a layer of a meltblown nonwoven fabric ( 2 ) made of melt-blown microfibers, the meltblown nonwoven having a basis weight of 10 to 100 g / m ² and the sheet ( 3 ) and the meltblown nonwoven ( 2 ) are connected by heat and pressure treatment, the meltblown nonwoven ( 2 ) compacting to a film-like layer ( 2 a) with a smooth surface with plasticization is and has residual pores of a residual pore size that allow water vapor permeability, but reject water passage. 2. Lining material according to claim 1, characterized in that the meltblown fleece ( 2 ) has a weight per unit area of 20 to 70 g / m ² . 3. Lining material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a knitted fabric, such as charmeuse, is used as the knitted textile fabric ( 3 ). 4. lining material according to claim 3, characterized in that a charmeuse containing Polyamide fibers alone or in blends with others Fibers, such as natural fibers and / or chemical fibers, are provided is.   5. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the knitted textile fabric ( 3 ) is formed on the basis of natural fibers, such as cotton, silk and / or chemical fibers, such as synthetic silk or polyester fibers or polypropylene fibers. 6. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the meltblown fleece ( 2 ) is formed from melt-blown microfibers based on thermoplastic polyurethane. 7. Lining material according to claim 6, characterized in that the meltblown fleece ( 2 ) made of melt-blown microfibers made of a polyurethane with a melting point range from 90 to 150 ° C according to DIN 53460 and a specific weight of 1.13 to 1.25 g / cm ³ and a tensile strength of at least 10 N / mm ² according to DIN 53504. 8. lining material according to claim 7, characterized in that the thermoplastic Polyurethane has a melting point range from 130 to 150 ° C according to DIN 53460 and a Shore hardness A of at least 75, preferably at least 80, according to DIN 53505 and one Elongation in% of at least 500, preferably at least 600, according to DIN 53504. 9. The liner of claim 7, characterized in that min as a thermoplastic polyurethane, a substantially linear polyester urethane having a melt viscosity binder MVI (190 ° C, 10 kg) 15 to 23 ^cm3 / 10 min. and a softening range of 60 to 70 ° C according to Kofler is provided. 10. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the meltblown fleece ( 2 ) contains melt-blown microfibers made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). 11. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the meltblown fleece ( 2 ) is formed from a mixture of melt-blown microfibers made of thermoplastic materials with water vapor-permeable and water-repellent properties, at least 50% by weight of the melt-blown microfibers made of thermoplastic Polyurethane or PTFE are formed. 12. Lining material according to claim 11, characterized in that the meltblown fleece ( 2 ) contains melt-blown microfibers based on polypropylene or polyethylene. 13. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the textile fabric ( 3 ) has a basis weight of 10 g / m ² to 100 g / m ² . 14. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by a laminate ( 4 ) of a charmeuse with a basis weight of 30 to 100 g / m ² and a polyurethane meltblown fleece ( 2 ) with a basis weight of 20 to 60 g / m ² . 15. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the meltblown nonwoven ( 2 ) and / or the knitted textile fabric ( 3 ) is hydrophobic. 16. Lining material according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it as a knitted textile fabric ( 3 ) a charmeuse based on polyamide with a weight per unit area of 10 to 100 g / m ² and a hydrophobically finished meltblown fleece produced by means of a hydrophobizing agent ( 2 ) made of a thermoplastic polyurethane. 17. A method for producing a water vapor-permeable and water-repellent lining material for the clothing and shoe industry from a composite, comprising a layer of a knitted textile fabric ( 3 ) and a layer of a meltblown nonwoven fabric ( 2 ) made of melt-blown microfibers, a Adhesive bond ( 4 ) of the layers is produced by the action of pressure and heat, according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the two layers pass together through an elongated gap ( 5 ) formed between two rotating conveyor belts ( 10 , 11 ) and while passing through the gap ( 5 ) a temperature of 90 to 180 ° C and a pressure of 5 to 30 kN / cm ² on the layers for at least 10 seconds. act, with melt, the microfibers of the meltblown nonwoven fabric (2) and (a 2) condensed into a film-like layer so that the remaining pores of which have a residual pore size in a film-like layer (2 a) densified melt-blown web (2), which prevent the passage of water through the compressed meltblown fleece, but ensure water vapor permeability. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that at least one of the surfaces of the meltblown fleece ( 2 ) is acted upon immediately before entering the gap ( 5 ) by means of thermal radiation for the purpose of melting. 19. The method according to any one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the meltblown nonwoven ( 2 ) and / or the knitted textile surface formed ( 3 ) before or after the manufacture of the adhesive bond ( 4 ) are equipped with a suitable hydrophobizing agent hydrophobic .