DE19623968A1 - Forging hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

The forging hammer (1) incorporates a ram (2) and a ram guide unit (3), with the ram provided with an upper, bar-shaped loading element (8) which produces an additional accelerating force on the ram during its downward motion. The element (8) movably interacts with the ram in such a way that at least one horizontal motion relative to the ram is possible.

Description

The invention relates to a forging hammer with a Bear and a bear guide, with the bear an upper has rod-like loading process to an additional acceleration force during a down driving the bear to exercise.

Such hammers are already in different versions known forms. For example, Dubbel, Paperback for mechanical engineering, 13th edition, second Volume, pages 761 to 767. Beyond that also referred to the German patent 42 04 891 the applicant.

In the well-known forge hammers, the bear is with one Loading process rigidly connected, on which for example, with a high-tension hydraulic system tel, an additional force when the bear is lowered is exercised for acceleration. The leadership of a is such bears with an application process subject to relatively high loads. When low driving the bear and performing the smithy In the first place there are stresses in the machine confined space put which then also on the application continuation or transfer the leadership. In addition, the Acting process that an installation and removal the bear is relatively expensive.

In view of the state of the Technology, the invention deals with the techni problems, a forging hammer of the specified Kind to design and develop in such a way that without a waiver of the application of an additional Acceleration force on the bear a decrease  of leadership problems and an improvement in terms of removing and installing the bear.

This technical problem is first and foremost Lichen solved in the subject of claim 1, wherein is based on the fact that the application process is easily detachable from the bear, such that the loading process relative to the Bears can be moved at least horizontally. Invention according to it is provided that between the application continued and the bear a fixed, operationally not easy detachable connection is provided. There through that beyond a certain mobility between the extension and the bear is made possible can also tilt the bear in the leadership no longer immediately on the application transfer continued. The connection between the Beauf beating process and the bear is such that none Lateral forces are transmitted. In a preferred configuration tion is also provided that the loading continues set is movable relative to the bear. Dar The application process only sits loosely on the Bears on. This is in a further preferred embodiment tion also provided that the application process can be pressurized over its entire distance. Because of such a configuration is secure represents that the application process in the course a hammer blow not from its contact surface on the bear and then back on the bear striking hits. The pressurization of the Beauf beating process is preferably provided in such a way that the extension on a first partial route a medium under high pressure and on one second partial route with a low pressure standing medium can be acted upon. While that under  High pressure medium for the initial acceleration the bear is beneficial to this over a short That is the way to give up the necessary kinetic energy medium under low pressure primarily for this important, the mentioned, undesirable eventu ellen distancing the application process from to counteract the bear. Another preferred Design of the hammer provides that the Beaufschla extension process on a return stroke piston-like the medium compressed and the compressed medium in a high pressure accumulator is returned. This configuration enables energy recovery. For example the bear is returned via pneumatics. To the to achieve short cycle times, the Bear accelerates much more than it does to the single return would be required. The description ne design that Bewe when moving the bear energy by braking the extension is recovered, the simple transfer avoids braking energy into thermal energy. In another preferred embodiment it is provided that the Ma rail frame of the hammer a horizontal division has, with an upper frame part, in which the Application process is guided, and a lower Frame part in which the bear is guided. Thereby, that a precise alignment between the guide for the Application process and the bear guidance no longer is required can by the division described the machine frame also has a lateral force decoupling between the two parts of the machine frame he be enough. In the upper part of the frame, in which more preferably the pressure accumulator for the application the additional acceleration energy of the bear forms, it can be a simpler design be enough. It is also preferred that the top and  the lower frame part is elastically connected to one another are such that they occur when struck with a hammer de Deformation of the lower part of the frame through a relay active movement between the upper and the lower frame is partially compensable.

The invention is further based on the following attached drawing, which, however, is only a Illustrates embodiment explained. Here shows:

Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view of the forging hammer, in a simplified partial view;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail from the presen- tation of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the high and low pressure application of the application process.

Shown and described is a forging hammer 1 shown in cross section with a bear 2 , which runs cher in a bear guide 3 . With regard to the management of the bear, reference is also made to the applicant's patent mentioned at the beginning.

The bear 2 also has a bear shaft 4 with an upper guide piston 5 .

The guide piston 5 has a central recess 6 , which is partially filled with damping material 7 . In this recess 6 or on the damping material 7 there is a rod-like loading extension 8 on the bottom side. The application process 8 is not connected to the bear 2 or the guide piston 5 . The rod-like loading extension 8 has on the upper side a taper 9 serving only for assembly purposes and a mounting head 9 '.

The forging hammer 1 also has a machine base, which consists of an upper frame part 10 and a lower frame part 11 . The upper frame part 10 and the lower frame part 11 are connected by clamping screws 12 , which clamp the frame parts 10 , 11 together via an elastic buffer 13 . Furthermore, the arrangement is chosen so that certain horizontal displacements, albeit absolutely relatively small, between the upper Ge 10 and the lower frame part 11 are possible.

In the upper frame part 10 further pressure accumulator, a high pressure accumulator 14 and a low pressure accumulator are arranged. The low-pressure accumulator is arranged behind the high-pressure accumulator 14 so that it itself is not visible. Both Druckspei cher serve to exert an acceleration pressure on the head end 16 of the Beaufschla supply extension 8 when the hammer 2 is lowered. In detail, the pressure from the high-pressure accumulator 14 via the Drucklei device 17 , 17 a, 17 b in the head space 18 of the Beaufschla supply extension 8 out.

As explained in detail below with reference to FIG. 3, after driving a certain distance, low pressure is then applied to the head part 16 from the low-pressure accumulator. The pressure medium can also flow through the discharge line 19 and is returned.

Furthermore, an electric motor 15 for the hydraulic system, for applying the pressure, is provided.

With regard to the machine frame is also important that in addition to the connection via the clamping screws 12 centrally, near the guide for the guide piston 5 , a vertical guide 44 is formed. The vertical guide 44 is laterally supported by elastic elements 20 . The elements 20 are particularly important to enable the aforementioned horizontal mobility of the lower frame part 11 relative to the upper frame part 10 .

In detail, this configuration is also apparent in particular from FIG. 2. It can be seen that the Verti kalführung 44 consists of a ring part, which interacts directly on the inside with a guide cylinder 45 in which the guide piston 5 of the bear 2 runs together, and which guide part 44 on the outside bezüg Lich a frame section 46 by the elastic elements 20 is supported.

As can further be seen from FIG. 1 and in particular FIG. 2, rod-like brake elements 47 are also provided on the upper side of the guide piston 5 , which can also result in a braking and damping of the movement of the bear 2 upwards via a damping device 48 . In particular, if the damping described in detail above the supply extension 8 should not be sufficient.

The cylinder guide 45 is otherwise open on the upper side.

Hydraulic medium is led from the low pressure accumulator under low pressure via a low pressure line. This is also explained in detail below with reference to FIG. 3.

The circuit sequence for a hammer blow is explained with reference to FIG. 3.

First, the solenoid valve 22 is controlled into a forward position via the changeover switch 21 . As a result, the switching valve 23 is acted on in such a way that a hydraulic control line 24 , which is connected to the high-pressure accumulator 25, acts on the valve 26 and that the pressurization pressure drops from the valve 27 , namely the control line 28 is connected to the outlet 29 .

Characterized in that the valve 27 drops, medium from the pressure medium line 30 under high pressure can flow from the high-pressure accumulator 25 via the line 31 into the head space 32 and act on the application process 8 on the head side. As a result, an acceleration force is exerted on the descending bear 2 , which accelerates it in the required manner. Displacement and / or time-controlled, when the head region 16 is approximately in the region of the hydraulic connection 33 , the valve 23 is switched so that the control pressure from the control line 24 in turn drops from the valve 26 and acts on the valve 27 . A pressure medium from the low-pressure accumulator 34 is then present at the valve 26 , via the lines 35 , 36 , 37 , so that the medium continues to flow through the line 38 to act on the actuating extension 8 . The medium under low pressure prevents the Beauf beat extension 8 from about the bear 2 lifts.

With a return movement of the bear 2 , which is itself taken over usual measures, for example pneumatically, the loading process 8 is accordingly accelerated vertically upward. As soon as the impact head 16 reaches the guide area 39 , the volume above it, which is then completely filled with hy draulic agent, is completed and compressed. To slow down the movement of the bear 2 or the application process 8 , this compression is used for this as soon as the required high pressure has built up, via the lines 39 , 40 , 41 and 30 high-tension hydraulic fluid in the high-pressure accumulator 25 .

On the one hand, this can already be achieved - alone - by a quick-opening valve 42 . Preferably and in the embodiment, however, a disk accumulator 43 is provided - all alone - and / or in addition to the valve 42 . This disc accumulator is also advantageous because the pressure increases very quickly and, due to the time-consuming nature of the processes, the desired conclusion would otherwise only be achievable by extremely high-precision fittings. The disk accumulator 43 is spring-supported above and, as it were, serves as an intermediate store.

It should be noted that in one millisecond when the application process 8 moves back, the pressure increases, for example, from 10 to 300 bar. When the loading extension 8 has reached its upper end position, no further pressure build-up takes place, so that the disk accumulator 43 , by the spring loading, returns to its starting position shown in FIG. 2 and the hydraulic medium via lines 39 , 40 , 41 and 30 just returns to the high pressure container 25 .

In addition, pumps and discharge lines are also provided for the high-pressure container 25 and the low-pressure container 34 , with which these containers are replenished accordingly after each cycle.

The high-pressure accumulator 14 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 corresponds functionally to the high-pressure accumulator 25 in FIG. 3 and, correspondingly, the low-pressure accumulator (in FIGS. 1 and 2 without its own reference number) to the low-pressure accumulator 34 according to FIG. 3.

All the features disclosed are essential to the invention. In the disclosure of the application is hereby also the Disclosure content of the associated / attached priori full documents (copy of the pre-registration) Lich included, also for the purpose of characteristics of this Documents in claims of the present registration with to record.

Claims (9)

1. Forging hammer with a bear ( 2 ) and a bear guide ( 3 ), the bear ( 2 ) having an upper, rod-like actuation extension ( 8 ) to exert an additional acceleration force when the bear ( 2 ) is being lowered, characterized that the projection cooperates with the bear (3) movable in such a way that at least a horizontal movement is provided relative to the bear (2). 2. Forging hammer according to claim 1 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the extension ( 8 ) is designed to be movable relative to the bear ( 2 ). 3. Forging hammer according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the extension ( 8 ) rests on the bear ( 2 ). 4. Forging hammer according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the extension ( 8 ) can be pressurized over its entire path. 5. Forging hammer according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the extension ( 8 ) can be acted upon on a first partial route with a medium under high pressure and a second partial route with a medium under low pressure. 6. Forging hammer according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that when the bear is started up ( 2 ) movement energy is recovered by a braking load on the extension ( 8 ). 7. Forging hammer according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the extension ( 8 ) piston-like compressed the medium during a return stroke and the compressed medium is returned to a high-pressure accumulator ( 25 ). 8. Forging hammer according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the machine frame of the hammer has a horizontal division, with an upper frame part ( 10 ), in which the Beaufschlagungsfort set ( 8 ) is guided, and a lower Frame part ( 11 ) in which the bear ( 2 ) is guided. 9. Forging hammer according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the upper and the lower frame part ( 10 , 11 ) are elastically connected to one another such that a deformation occurring during a hammer blow by a relative movement between the upper and lower frame part ( 10 , 11 ) is compensation bar.