DE1961451C3 - Fabric softener and its use in a built-up fabric detergent - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an agent for use as a fabric softener, either at Rinsing or cleaning during the washing process, which has anti-yellowing properties.

So far, the yellowing, which is a consequence of softening with common cationic textile softeners was mitigated by using an anionic surfactant in combination with the cationic fabric softener was provided. The anionic surfactant forms a complex with the cationic fabric softener, which complex is deposited under suitable conditions on the textile to be softened without causing yellowing. This method has a major disadvantage in that that the presence of an anionic surfactant has the softening effect of most cationic Fabric softener impaired.

The invention provides a fabric softener which has a quaternary softening agent Ammonium compound or an imidazoline and, as an anti-yellowing agent, a complex of an alkyl alcohol or diol having from 12-22 carbon atoms and an alkali alkyl sulfate in which the alkyl group is from 12-18 carbon atoms, wherein the weight ratio of plasticizer to complex is between 1.4: 1 and 10: 1.

The weight ratio of plasticizer to complex is preferably between 2: 1 and 4: 1. the Use of the complex in an excess of about 0.7 parts per part of the plasticizer still gives a further improvement in reducing discoloration. However, these proportions tend to be higher the complex to this, losses in terms of softening ability to cause.

The complex between alkyl alcohols and alkyl sulfates has already been mentioned in the technical literature described. It is generally given to him the formula

2 ROSO ₃ Na - RAW

given when an aicanol is used. Allegedly similar complexes are also formed with alkanediols.

Suitable alkanols can be of linear, natural or synthetic origin, e.g. dodecyl alcohol, Myristyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and mixed alcohols such as C16 to Cie alcohols, obtained by Ziegler polymerization of ethylene. Alkanediols, e.g. B. octadecanediol can also be used if desired.

Alkyl sulfates useful in the invention have about 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Typically the alkyl group is linear, e.g. B. n-dodecyl, -Myristyle and -stearyl. The alkyl sulfonates can be either essentially pure or mixed. For In the technique, the sodium or potassium salts are preferred, but other alkali metal salts can be applied if desired.

Fabric softeners with which the anti-yellowing agents of the invention are successfully used include the quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula

R ₁ -NR ₃

wherein both Ri and R2 are long chain, substantially linear groups of about 16 to 22 carbon atoms, R ₃ and R4 are shorter chain alkyl groups of about 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and X is an anion which imparts water dispersibility, e.g. B. chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate and methosulfate mean.

Another class of fabric softeners with which the anti-yellowing agents used according to the invention can be used are the imidazolines of the following formula

43

50

55

60 N-CH ₂

R ₅ -C

O N-CH ₂

Il / \

R ₆ C-NH-R ₇ R ₃

wherein R5 and Re are essentially linear alkyl groups of about 15 to 21 carbon atoms, R7 is a divalent alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms and R3 and X are the same as above.

For the preparation of the fabric softeners according to the invention, the fabric softening agent, alkyl alcohol or diol and alkyl sulfate can be combined in any order desired. Even if the Alkyl alcohol-alkyl sulfate complex prior to combining these ingredients with the fabric softener can be formed, it is not necessary to do so.

The agents according to the invention are useful in the rinse stage of the washing process. Because of the takeaway from the washing stage to the rinsing stage when using detergents for washing, the yellowing is on

become difficult problem. The use of a mixture of a cationic fabric softener and a complex to be used according to the invention alleviates this problem.

The invention also relates to the use of the textile softeners according to the invention in laundry detergents or multifunctional detergents. Because of the known cationic-anionic action on top of each other, resulting in a loss of both detergency and softening power anti-yellowing agents become particularly useful in the formulation of multifunctional detergents which contain a nonionic active detergent and cationic fabric softeners.

Typical laundry detergents / multifunctional detergents using the invention have the following composition:

IO

15th

Wt% Preferred Nonionic active detergent 5-25%, ₀ Wt% Builder 5-60% 10-20% 30 Fabric softeners 1-10% 25-50% Alkyl sulfate 0.05-6% 2-6% Alkyl alcohol 0.02-3% 0.2-4% Preferred agents have the following ^2d cooperation 0.1-2% setting: Nonionic active detergent Builder Fabric softeners Alkyl sulfate Alkyl alcohol

35

The nonionic active detergent contemplated is of the usual type. Typically they are Condensates of hydrophobic compounds containing a reactive hydrogen atom with ethylene oxide, wherein the amount of ethylene oxide in the condensate is sufficient to give it surface activity to communicate. Typical detergents useful include the commercially available ethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block polymers; Ethylene oxide condensates of alkyl alcohols with 8-20 carbon atoms in the Alkyl group and a content of up to 80% of ethylene oxide; Ethylene oxide condensates of fatty acids, z. B. ethoxylated tallow fatty acids; Ethylene oxide condensates of fatty amines; and many others. This class of detergents is well known.

The following can be used as builders: the organic builders, e.g. B. nitrilotriacetic acid, or Usual alkaline builders, e.g. B. alkali phosphates,

Table I.

pyrophosphates, tripolyphosphates and hexametaphosphates. Fillers, e.g. B. alkali carbonates can also be used. The amount of builders will the one commonly used. If builders are used in a detergent formulation, that lies Amount in the order of 25 to 50% of the total batch.

Auxiliaries can also be used, e.g. B. Suds boosters such as fatty acid amides; Dirt carrier, e.g. B. carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose; Corrosion inhibitors, e.g. B. sodium silicate; optical brighteners, coloring substances, perfumes, fillers, germicides and Enzymes.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

Examples 1-8

A fabric detergent / multifunctional detergent composition was prepared with a commonly constructed nonionic detergent containing sodium tripolyphosphate as a builder, distearyldimethylammonium chloride as a fabric softener, sodium lauryl sulfate as the alkyl sulfate and various alkyl alcohols. 5 cloths made of velvety fabric of about 10 χ 15 cm were treated in a Terg-O-Tometer for 15 minutes with 1000 ml of 90 ppm hard water, which had been artificially hardened with calcium and magnesium in a ratio of 2: 1 and additionally Contained 4 ppm Fe ^+3. The washing temperature was 49 ° C. 1.94 g of the built up nonionic detergent and 0.1 g of distearyldimethylammonium chloride were used, with the amounts of the sodium lauryl sulfate and alkyl alcohol being changed as indicated in Table I.

In each experiment carried out, improvements in softness and yellowing were measured relative to softness and yellowing observed on rags washed with compositions consisting essentially of builder / nonionic detergent alone and builder / nonionic detergent / Cationic fabric softener for control purposes. By recording the difference in softness (AS) and yellowness (Ab) , more meaningful comparisons can be made between successive experiments. In the values given below, an increase in the AS value indicates improved softness in the final product relative to the softness of the control. An increase in the value of Ab indicates a deterioration in whiteness or an increase in yellowness of the washed cloth.

example Detergent Plasticizers Anti-yellowing agents Molar ratio of each AS away No. Concentration in Alcohol to sodium lauryl % By weight of the com sulfate plexes in the wash % % water 0.194 0.0 0.0 0.194 0.01 0.25 octadecanol 2.5 12.8 1 0.194 0.01 0.0034 0.25 octadecanol 2.5 11.9 2 0.194 0.01 0.0067 0.9 2.0

ί continuation i Detergent 5 196 1 451 6th Yellowing agents Washing sulfate AS away nisses lies. 0.194 0.01 0.01 Plasticizers 0.25 octadecanol 0.0 0.0 Washing sulfate AS away j example 1 Concentration in molar ratio of the respective 0.194 0.01 0.01 0.50 octadecanol 2.0 11.9 No. I ³ Plasticizers % By weight of the grain alcohol to sodium auryl 0.194 0.01 0.1 0.9 Egg 4 plexes in 0.194 0.2 0.9 I. % water 0.50 octadecanol 0.194 0.01 0.01 % 0.75 octadecanol 0.0 0.0 0.75 octadecanol ΐ 0.194 0.50 octadecanol 0.0 0.0 0.194 0.01 0.01 1.00 hexadecane-1,2-diol 2.5 12.6 0.75 octadecanol 0.0 0.0 I 5 0.194 % 2.4 10.4 0.194 0.01 0.01 0.3 0.7 2.7 10.8 Ir 6 0.194 0.0034 2.7 9.3 0.194 Examples 9-12 1-8 test 0.01 0.2 0.8 1.1 3.2 0.194 0.01 0.0067 0.75 octadecanol 1.0 2.1 The one in the examples where the 1-methyl- 0.01 1-alkylamido-ethyl-2-alkylimidazoline methosulfate at- 1.00 hexadecane-1,2-diol 0.0 - o, i 0.194 0.01 0.75 octadecanol 0.0 0.0 repeated, 45 place of the distearyldimethylammonium chloride used 1.00 hexadecane-1,2-diol 0.0 0.0 7th 0.194 0.01 2.3 12.1 ¹ Table II Detergent 0.01 became. The following results were obtained. 2.5 8.7 8th 0.194 0.0034 2.4 11.1 example 0.01 0.6 0.2 0.194 0.01 0.0067 1.00 hexadecane-1,2-diol 2.4 8.7 No. 0.01 Anti-yellowing agents 0.2 - - 1.6 0.194 0.01 1.00 hexadecane-1,2-diol 0.0 0.0 Concentration in molar ratio of the respective 0.194 0.01 2.7 11.9 % % By weight of the grain alcohol to sodium lauryl 0.194 0.0034 2.5 10.0 0.194 plexes in 0.194 0.01 0.0067 1.1 3.8 0.194 water 0.01 Comparative tests - where the anti-yellowing agent is outside the claimed range of weight ratio- 0.194 0.01 9 0.194 10 0.194 0.0034 0.194 0.0067 (a) 0.194 (b) 11th 0.194 12th 0.0034 0.0067 (C) (d)

8th

continuation

Example Delergens plasticizer anti-yellowing agents AS Ab

Concentration in molar ratio of the respective

% By weight of the grain alcohol to sodium lauryl

plexes in the wash-sulfai
water

Comparative tests - with the anti-yellowing agent outside 0.194 20th Alkyl sulfate 25th nC ₁₄ H ₂₉ 30th nC, ₆ H ₃ 3 35 nC ₁₈ H ₃₇ of the claimed area of weight 0.0 Relationship lies. 0.194 0.01 R. 9.8 (e) 0.194 0.01 0.01 0.0 - o, i (0 0.194 0.01 0.01 1.9 - 0.6 In the same way was a number of complexes
from alkyl sulfates having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms 0.75 octadecanol 0.2 and from alkyl alcohols with from 12 to 22 carbon 1.00 hexadecane-1,2-diol 0.0 atoms manufactured and used as anti-yellowing agents , ROSO ₃ Na alkyl alcohol, RAW checked. R ' The following were found to be effective complexes found: nC ₁₈ H ₃₇ Alkyl sulfate, ROSO ₃ Na alkyl alcohol, ROH nC ₂₂ H ₄₅ R R ' nC ₁₂ H ₂₅ nC ₁₆ H ₃₃ n-C, H, n-C H HC ₁₈ H ₃₇ nC ₁₄ H ₂₉ HC ₁₂ H ₂₅ HC ₁₆ H ₃₃ HC ₁₄ H ₂₉ mixed nC ₁₆ -C ₁₈ - nC, ₆ H ₃ , Fatty alcohol HC ₁₈ H ₃₇ nC ₁₈ H ₃₇

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 3. Fabric softener based on a quaternary ammonium compound or an imidazoline, characterized in that it is a complex of an allyl alcohol or Alkyl diol having from 12-22 carbon atoms and from an alkali metal alkyl sulfate in which the alkyl group of 12-18 carbon atoms, with the weight ratio of plasticizer to complex is between 1.4: 1 and 10: 1. 2. Textile softener according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio between 2: 1 and 4: 1 3. Use of a textile softener according to claim 1 or 2 in a built-up textile detergent, wherein the detergent ingredient is a nonionic synthetic detergent 4. Use of a textile softener according to claim 1 or 2 in a textile detergent, which consists essentially of 5-25% non-ionic detergent, 1-10% quaternary compound, 0.05-6% alkyl sulfate, 0.02-3% alkyl alcohol or alkyl diol, and 5-60% builder 5. Use of a fabric softener according to claim 1 or 2 in a fabric detergent which consists essentially of 10-20% nonionic detergent, 2-6% quaternary compound, 0.2-4% alkyl sulfate, 0.1-2% alkyl alcohol or so alkyl diol and 25-50% builder