DE19608616C2 - Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by reducing the driver's reaction time in the event of emergency braking - Google Patents

Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by reducing the driver's reaction time in the event of emergency braking

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Publication number
DE19608616C2
DE19608616C2 DE1996108616 DE19608616A DE19608616C2 DE 19608616 C2 DE19608616 C2 DE 19608616C2 DE 1996108616 DE1996108616 DE 1996108616 DE 19608616 A DE19608616 A DE 19608616A DE 19608616 C2 DE19608616 C2 DE 19608616C2
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
braking
reducing
driver
event
reaction time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE1996108616
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German (de)
Other versions
DE19608616A1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Hermannsen
Frank Hermannsen
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE1996108616 priority Critical patent/DE19608616C2/en
Publication of DE19608616A1 publication Critical patent/DE19608616A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE19608616C2 publication Critical patent/DE19608616C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
    • B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • B60T11/103—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in combination with other control devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/321—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
    • B60T8/3255—Systems in which the braking action is dependent on brake pedal data
    • B60T8/3275—Systems with a braking assistant function, i.e. automatic full braking initiation in dependence of brake pedal velocity

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Description

Bei herkömmlich manuellen Bremssystemen im KFZ muß der Fahrer, um in Notsituationen eine Bremsung (Vollbremsung) einzuleiten, das Gaspedal zurücknehmen, mit dem "Gasfuß" vom Gaspedal zum Bremspedal überwechseln und dann den vollen Bremsdruck, der für eine Bremsung (Vollbremsung) erforderlich ist, aufbauen.With conventional manual brake systems in the vehicle, the driver has to be in emergency situations initiate braking (full braking), take back the accelerator pedal, with the "accelerator foot" change from accelerator to brake pedal and then the full brake pressure required for one Braking (full braking) is required, build up.

Laut Dubbel: (Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau) vergeht zwischen dem Erkennen eines Hindernisses und dem Umsetzen des Fußes auf das Bremspedal die Reaktionszeit tr (0,5-1,2 s) und zum Aufbau maximaler Verzögerung wird als Schwellzeit (ca. 0,2 s) angenommen.According to Dubbel: (paperback for mechanical engineering) passes between recognizing one Obstacle and moving the foot on the brake pedal the reaction time tr (0.5-1.2 s) and to build up maximum delay, the threshold time (approx. 0.2 s) is assumed.

Gerade bei geringen Geschwindigkeiten < 50 km/h hat der zurückgelegte Weg (in der Reakti­ onszeit) einen großen Anteil am Anhalteweg, so daß man sagen kann, je niedriger die Reakti­ onszeit, umso niedriger das Risiko eines Unfalls, bzw. umso niedriger die Unfallschwere.Especially at low speeds <50 km / h, the distance covered (in the reacti Onszeit) a large part of the stopping distance, so that one can say the lower the Reakti on time, the lower the risk of an accident or the lower the severity of the accident.

Der Erfindergedanke ist, die aktive Sicherheit zu erhöhen, indem der Reaktionsweg und damit der Anhalteweg verkürzt wird. Dies soll dadurch geschehen, daß Gas- und Bremspedal mit elektronischen Sensoren ausgestattet werden. Die Sensoren erfassen die Geschwindigkeit bzw. die Beschleunigung und Stellung von Gas- und Bremspedal. Ähnlich wie beim ABS, wo Sen­ soren Radgeschwindigkeiten erfassen und gegebenfalls das ABS ein Blockieren der Räder verhindert.The inventive idea is to increase active safety by the reaction path and therefore the stopping distance is shortened. This should be done by using the gas and brake pedals electronic sensors. The sensors record the speed or the acceleration and position of the accelerator and brake pedals. Similar to the ABS, where Sen sensors record wheel speeds and, if necessary, ABS locks the wheels prevented.

In der Mechanik der Pedale können die Sensoren durch Weg bzw. Winkelmessung Geschwin­ digkeit bzw. Beschleunigung und Stellung von Gas- und Bremspedal erfassen und die Daten an ein Steuergerät weitergeben. Wenn der Fahrer eine gefährliche Situation erkannt hat und daraufhin eine Bremsung (Vollbremsung) einleiten möchte, wird er erfahrungsgemäß den Gasfuß wesentlich schneller vom Gaspedal nehmen, als beim "normalen" Gas wegnehmen, wie z. B. beim "Kuppeln" oder beim "Stop and Go". Diese Tatsache soll nach Erfindergedanke ge­ nutzt werden, indem die Daten der Pedalbewegungen vom Steuergerät (Computer) mit den gespeicherten Daten über Bremsung (Vollbremsungen) verglichen werden. Liegt laut Datenbe­ fund keine Bremsung (Vollbremsung) vor, so steuert der Fahrer alle folgenden Fahrzeugbewe­ gungen herkömmlich manuell. Liegt laut Datenbefund dagegen aber eine Bremsung (Vollbremsung) vor, so gibt das Steuergerät ein Signal zur Bremsung (Vollbremsung) an ein Fremdbremskraftsystem und die Bremsung (Vollbremsung) wird automatisch eingeleitet.In the mechanics of the pedals, the sensors can speed through displacement or angle measurement Accuracy or acceleration and position of the accelerator and brake pedals and the data pass on to a control unit. When the driver has recognized a dangerous situation and then wants to initiate braking (full braking), he will experience that Take the accelerator off the accelerator pedal much faster than with the "normal" accelerator, like e.g. B. in "coupling" or in "stop and go". According to the inventor's idea, this fact should be be used by the data of the pedal movements from the control unit (computer) with the stored data about braking (full braking) are compared. According to data If there is no braking (full braking) before, the driver controls all following vehicle movements traditionally manual. However, according to the data, there is braking (Full braking), the control unit inputs a signal for braking (full braking) Third-party braking system and braking (full braking) is initiated automatically.

Das Fremdbremskraftsystem ist notwendig, da der Fahrer das Bremspedal noch nicht erreicht hat und daher nicht aus Eigenkraft bremsen kann.The external braking force system is necessary because the driver has not yet reached the brake pedal has and therefore cannot brake on its own.

Das Fremdbremskraftsystem (autom. Bremssystem, Bremskraftverstärker, Druckluftbremsan­ lage etc.) sowie elektronische Sensoren und Steuergeräte sind Stand der Technik.The external brake power system (autom. Brake system, brake booster, compressed air brakean location etc.) as well as electronic sensors and control units are state of the art.

Aus der DE 44 30 461 A1 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem in Abhängigkeit von der Ge­ schwindigkeit des Niedertretens des Bremspedals beim Überschreiten eines Schwellenwertes der Unterdruckverstärker voll ausgesteuert wird.From DE 44 30 461 A1 a method is known in which, depending on the Ge The speed at which the brake pedal is depressed when a threshold value is exceeded the vacuum booster is fully controlled.

Aus der US-PS 5,433,512 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem bereits die Rücknahme des Fahrpedals zur Abbremsung führt, jedoch nicht zu einer Notbremsung bzw. zur Verkürzung des Bremsweges durch Koppelung an unterschiedliche Geschwindigkeiten der Rücknahme vom Gaspedal. From US-PS 5,433,512 a method is known in which the withdrawal of the Accelerator pedal leads to braking, but does not lead to emergency braking or shortening the Braking distance by coupling to different speeds of withdrawal from Accelerator.  

Durch folgendes wird die Zeit zur Bremseinleitung auf ein Minimum reduziert.
The following reduces the time to initiate the brake to a minimum.

  • 1. Der Fahrer macht bei einer Bremsung (Vollbremsung) die gleichen ihm bekannten Abläufe, ohne etwas anderes ungewohntes ausüben zu müssen. Ein zusätzlicher Schalter o. ä. muß nicht erst gesucht werden.1. The driver makes the same known to him when braking (full braking) Processes without having to do anything different. An additional one Switches or similar do not have to be searched first.
  • 2. Nur wenige mm Pedalbewegung reichen zur Datenauswertung.2. Only a few mm of pedal movement are sufficient for data evaluation.
  • 3. Die Zeit zum Umsetzen des Fußes auf das Bremspedal entfällt.3. There is no time to transfer the foot to the brake pedal.
  • 4. Die Zeit zum Aufbau des vollen notwendigen Bremsdruckes zur maximalen Verzöge­ rung wird reduziert, da ein sensorgesteuertes Fremdbremskraftsystem wesentlich schneller sein kann, als man es mit dem herkömmlichen Bremsfuß schaffen könnte.4. The time to build up the full brake pressure required for maximum deceleration tion is reduced because a sensor-controlled external braking system is essential can be faster than you could do with the conventional brake foot.

Das Steuergerät soll logisch arbeiten. So soll nur die Zeit zur Bremseinleitung reduziert wer­ den. Und wenn der Fahrer den Bremsdruck mit dem Bremspedal reduziert, bricht das Fremd­ bremskraftsystem die Bremsung (Vollbremsung) augenblicklich ab und der Fahrer übernimmt die weitere Verzögerung.The control unit should work logically. So only the time to initiate the brake should be reduced the. And if the driver reduces the brake pressure with the brake pedal, the stranger breaks brake power system the braking (full braking) immediately and the driver takes over the further delay.

Hat das Steuergerät das Signal zum Bremsen gegeben, aber der Fahrer verbleibt mit dem Fuß auf dem Gaspedal oder gibt wieder Gas, so erfolgt ein Bremsabbruchsignal.
If the control unit has given the signal to brake, but the driver remains on the accelerator pedal or accelerates again, the brake is canceled.

  • 1. Weiterhin soll ein Bremsabbruchsignal erfolgen, wenn nach "angemessener" Zeit vom Fahrer mit dem Bremspedal keine Bestätigung zur Bremsung erfolgt, oder die Daten vom Bremspedal erkennen lassen, daß der Fahrer keine Vollbremsung erwünscht.1. Furthermore, a brake termination signal should occur if, after an "appropriate" time from Driver with the brake pedal no confirmation of braking, or the data the brake pedal indicates that the driver does not want the brakes to apply the brakes.

Die folgenden Tabellen zeigen, welche Restgeschwindigkeit dem KFZ A (altes Bremssystem) an dem Punkt verbleibt, wo KFZ B (neues Bremssystem) bereits steht.The following tables show the remaining speed of vehicle A (old brake system) remains at the point where vehicle B (new brake system) is already.

Beispielexample

Beide Fahrzeuge bremsen aus einer Anfangsgeschwindigkeit von Vo = 100 km/h (27,8 m/s) und einer Bremsverzögerung von a' = 10 m/s2. Bei Tabelle 1 gehen wir von einer Reaktionszeitersparnis tr = 0,5 sec. aus. Das entspricht einer Anhaltewegverkürzung für KFZ B von
Both vehicles brake from an initial speed of Vo = 100 km / h (27.8 m / s) and a braking deceleration of a '= 10 m / s 2 . In Table 1 we assume a reaction time saving tr = 0.5 sec. This corresponds to a shorter stopping distance for vehicle B from

27,8 m/s × 0,5 s = 13,9 m27.8 m / s × 0.5 s = 13.9 m

KFZ A verbleibt dann noch eine Restgeschwindigkeit von
Motor vehicle A then still has a remaining speed of

Vrest = (2 × 10 m/s2 × 13,9 m) ^ 1/2 = 16,67 m/s = 60,0 km/h
Vrest = (2 × 10 m / s 2 × 13.9 m) ^ 1/2 = 16.67 m / s = 60.0 km / h

wo KFZ B bereits steht.where car B already stands.

Tabelle 1 Table 1

Reaktionszeitersparnis tr[s] = 0,5 Response time savings tr [s] = 0.5

Tabelle 2 Table 2

Reaktionszeitersparnis tr[s] = 0,2 Response time savings tr [s] = 0.2

Claims (4)

1. Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Anhalteweges von Kraftfahrzeugen, durch Reduzierung der Reaktionszeit des Fahrers bei Notbremsungen, wobei ein Steuergerät die mit Sensoren bestückten Gas und Bremspedal erfassten Daten der Pedalbewegungen mit den gespeicherten Daten über Bremsungen (Vollbremsungen) vergleicht und gegebenfalls ein Signal an ein Fremdbremskraftsystem zur Bremsung (Vollbremsung) gibt und die Stärke der Abbremsung variabel ist, je nach Geschwindigkeit des Gaspedals.1. Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by Reduction of driver reaction time in the event of emergency braking, in which a control unit records the gas and brake pedal data recorded with sensors Pedal movements with the stored data on braking (full braking) compares and, if necessary, a signal to a third-party braking system for braking (Full braking) and the strength of the braking is variable, depending on Accelerator pedal speed. 2. Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Anhalteweges von Kraftfahrzeugen, durch Reduzierung der Reaktionszeit des Fahrers bei Notbremsungen, nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bremsung abgebrochen wird, wenn nach angemessener Zeit keine Bestätigung vom Bremspedal kommt. Oder die Daten vom Gaspedal dieses erkennen lassen.2. Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by Reduction of driver reaction time in the event of emergency braking, according to claim 1, characterized, that braking is stopped if, after a reasonable time, no confirmation comes from the brake pedal. Or let the accelerator pedal recognize it. 3. Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Anhalteweges von Kraftfahrzeugen, durch Reduzierung der Reaktionszeit des Fahrers bei Notbremsungen, nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stärke der Verzögerung nach Datenvergleich des Bremspedals korrigiert werden kann.3. Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by Reduction of driver reaction time in the event of emergency braking, according to claim 1, characterized, that the amount of deceleration is corrected after data comparison of the brake pedal can be. 4. Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Anhalteweges von Kraftfahrzeugen, durch Reduzierung der Reaktionszeit des Fahrers bei Notbremsungen, nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ab Werk gespeicherten Daten über Bremsungen vom Fahrer auf seine Fahrweise einstellbar und fahrerspezifische Eigenschaften bzw. Verhaltensmuster auch automatisch anpassungsfähig sind.4. Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by Reduction of driver reaction time in the event of emergency braking, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the factory-stored data on braking from the driver to his Adjustable driving style and driver-specific properties or behavior patterns too are automatically adaptable.
DE1996108616 1996-03-06 1996-03-06 Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by reducing the driver's reaction time in the event of emergency braking Expired - Fee Related DE19608616C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996108616 DE19608616C2 (en) 1996-03-06 1996-03-06 Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by reducing the driver's reaction time in the event of emergency braking

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996108616 DE19608616C2 (en) 1996-03-06 1996-03-06 Device for reducing the stopping distance of motor vehicles by reducing the driver's reaction time in the event of emergency braking

Publications (2)

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DE19608616A1 DE19608616A1 (en) 1997-09-11
DE19608616C2 true DE19608616C2 (en) 1999-04-29

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19734567A1 (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-01-21 Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc Vehicle brake control system
DE19817326A1 (en) * 1998-04-18 1999-10-21 Continental Teves Ag & Co Ohg Method of reducing braking distance to enable suitable deceleration in all driving situations

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5433512A (en) * 1992-11-13 1995-07-18 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Braking system for electric vehicle
DE4430461A1 (en) * 1994-08-27 1996-02-29 Teves Gmbh Alfred Method for controlling the brake pressure as a function of the pedal actuation speed

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5433512A (en) * 1992-11-13 1995-07-18 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Braking system for electric vehicle
DE4430461A1 (en) * 1994-08-27 1996-02-29 Teves Gmbh Alfred Method for controlling the brake pressure as a function of the pedal actuation speed

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Betriebsanleitung Audi 90/quattro, 1984, S. 44/45 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19608616A1 (en) 1997-09-11

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