DE19517501A1 - Synthetic resin binders with flame and smoulder resistance - Google Patents
Synthetic resin binders with flame and smoulder resistanceInfo
- Publication number
- DE19517501A1 DE19517501A1 DE1995117501 DE19517501A DE19517501A1 DE 19517501 A1 DE19517501 A1 DE 19517501A1 DE 1995117501 DE1995117501 DE 1995117501 DE 19517501 A DE19517501 A DE 19517501A DE 19517501 A1 DE19517501 A1 DE 19517501A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- atoms
- polyphosphate
- ammonium
- urea
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- FOJJCOHOLNJIHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;azane Chemical compound N.[Al+3] FOJJCOHOLNJIHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VBRKMAVPRPDYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;urea;phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].NC(N)=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VBRKMAVPRPDYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- -1 aluminum Urea aluminum orthophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZOBHHDKCHRGRRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].OP(O)(O)=O Chemical class [B].OP(O)(O)=O ZOBHHDKCHRGRRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDHWWBZFRZWVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O YDHWWBZFRZWVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclotriphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP1(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)O1 AZSFNUJOCKMOGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001177 diphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007706 flame test Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;furan-2-ylmethanol Chemical compound O=C.OCC1=CC=CO1 HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08L71/14—Furfuryl alcohol polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Kunstharzgebundene Formteile werden in vielen technischen Bereichen verwendet. Beispielsweise benutzt man aus kunstharzgebundener Mineral- oder Glaswolle bestehende Isoliermatten in großem Umfang im Baubereich. Mit organischem Bindemittel gebundene organische Faserstoffe werden ebenfalls im Baubereich und im Automobilbau eingesetzt. Faserverstärkte Kunststoff-Preßmassen mit hohem Bindemittelanteil benutzt man bei Kupplungs- und Bremsbelägen sowohl für Backen- als auch für Scheibenbremsen. Als Schleifkörper, wie z. B. Schleifscheiben, oder als Schleifmittel, das mit einer Unterlage verbunden ist, wie als Schleifpapiere und Schleifgewebe, sowie Vulkanfiberscheiben und als Trennscheiben zum Schneiden von Metall-, Beton- und Keramikmaterialien finden solche Verbundstoffe Anwendung.Resin-bonded molded parts are used in many technical areas. For example, one uses mineral or glass wool bonded with synthetic resin Insulating mats on a large scale in the construction sector. Bound with organic binder organic fibers are also used in construction and automotive engineering. Fiber-reinforced plastic molding compounds with a high binder content are used for Clutch and brake pads for both shoe and disc brakes. As Abrasives, such as. B. grinding wheels, or as an abrasive with a pad is connected, such as as sandpaper and abrasive cloth, as well as volcanic fiber discs and as Cutting discs for cutting metal, concrete and ceramic materials can be found Composites application.
Als Bindemittel kommen dabei die unterschiedlichsten Kunstharze in Betracht, die dem Fachmann auf diesem Gebiet geläufig sind, wie Phenolformaldehydharze, Resorcinharze, Furanharze, Harnstoff-formaldehyd- und Melamin-formaldehydharze, Epoxidharze sowie Siliconharze, um nur einige zu nennen.A wide variety of synthetic resins come into consideration as binders Are skilled in the art, such as phenol formaldehyde resins, resorcinol resins, Furan resins, urea formaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins and Silicone resins, just to name a few.
Es ist bekannt, organischen Bindemitteln für derartige kunstharzgebundene Formteile übliche Flammschutzmittel, insbesondere phosphorhaltige Flammschutzmittel zuzusetzen, wie z. B. Ammoniumpolyphosphat, Phosphorsäureester von Polyolen, Borphosphorsäureester und Hydroxyalkanphosphonate sowie deren Salze mit organischen Basen. Flammschutzmittel dieser Art sind beispielsweise in den DE-OS 41 33 753, 4 219 711 und 4 221 676 und in der PCT/EP93/051 18 beschrieben.It is known to use conventional organic binders for such resin-bonded molded parts Add flame retardants, especially phosphorus-containing flame retardants, such as. B. Ammonium polyphosphate, phosphoric acid esters of polyols, boron phosphoric acid esters and Hydroxyalkanephosphonates and their salts with organic bases. Flame retardant this Art are for example in DE-OS 41 33 753, 4 219 711 and 4 221 676 and in PCT / EP93 / 051 18.
Harzgebundene Formteile werden aufgrund ihrer üblichen Verwendung oder im Unglücksfall vielfach stärkeren thermischen Belastungen ausgesetzt, wie Bremsbeläge, Trennscheiben, Schleifkörper und Schleifmaterialien bei ihrer Verwendung sowie Isoliermaterialien im Brandfall. Bei derartigen thermischen Belastungen sollen die Formteile und speziell ihre Bindemittel nicht nur verminderte Entflammbarkeit, sondern auch vermindertes Glimmvermögen besitzen. Beispielsweise treten bei Neubauten nicht selten durch Schweißarbeiten Brände auf, indem kunstharzgebundene Isoliermaterialien in Glimmen versetzt werden, ohne daß zunächst offenes Feuer entfacht wird. Bei Bremsbelägen und Trennscheiben, Schleifkörpern und Schleifscheiben sollen Glimmvermögen und Funkenflug verringert werden.Resin-bonded molded parts are used because of their usual use or in the event of an accident exposed to much stronger thermal loads, such as brake pads, cutting discs, Abrasives and abrasive materials when used and insulating materials in the event of fire. At such thermal loads, the molded parts and especially their binders should not only have reduced flammability, but also have reduced smoldering power. For example, it is not uncommon for fires to occur in new buildings due to welding work Resin-bonded insulation materials are put into glow without first being open Fire is lit. For brake pads and cutting discs, grinding wheels and grinding wheels smoldering and flying sparks are to be reduced.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe bestand daher darin, ein Mittel zur Verminderung des Glimmvermögens organischer Bindemittel zu bekommen.The object underlying the invention was therefore to provide a means for reducing of the glow power of organic binders.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst, indem man Aluminium-, Ammonium-aluminium- oder Harnstoff-aluminiumorthophosphat, entsprechendes Polyphosphat mit 2 bis 6 Phosphor atomen oder entsprechendes Metaphosphat mit 3 oder 4 Phosphoratomen als Zusatzstoff zu organischen Bindemitteln verwendet.According to the invention, this object is achieved by using aluminum, ammonium or aluminum Urea aluminum orthophosphate, corresponding polyphosphate with 2 to 6 phosphorus atoms or corresponding metaphosphate with 3 or 4 phosphorus atoms as an additive organic binders used.
Überraschenderweise ergeben diese Stoffe bei Zusatz zu organischen Bindemitteln beispiels weise für kunstharzgebundene Formteile erheblich vermindertes Glimmvermögen und besitzen gute Verträglichkeit mit üblichen Bindemittelharzen. Sie können daher im Grunde beliebigen organischen Bindemitteln bzw. Kunstharzen zugesetzt werden, wie den oben aufgeführten Harztypen. Verträglichkeit bekommt man dabei auch mit Phenolharzen, bei denen mit bekannten Zusatzstoffen häufig Unverträglichkeitsprobleme auftreten.Surprisingly, when added to organic binders, these substances result, for example way for resin-bonded molded parts have considerably reduced glow and possess good compatibility with conventional binder resins. So you can basically do any organic binders or synthetic resins are added, such as those listed above Resin types. You get compatibility with phenolic resins, with which known additives often incompatibility problems occur.
Als nach der Erfindung verwendete Zusatzstoffe kommen somit drei Verbindungsgruppen in Betracht:Three connecting groups thus come in as additives used according to the invention Consideration:
- 1. Aluminium-, Ammonium-aluminium- und Harnstoff-aluminiumorthophosphate, 1. aluminum, ammonium aluminum and urea aluminum orthophosphates,
- 2. Aluminium-, Ammonium-aluminium- und Harnstoff-aluminiumpolyphosphate mit 2 bis 6 Phosphoratomen im Molekül, nämlich die Diphosphate oder Pyrophosphate, die Tripolyphosphate, Tetrapolyphosphate, Pentapolyphosphate und Hexapolyphosphate und2. Aluminum, ammonium aluminum and urea aluminum polyphosphates with 2 to 6 phosphorus atoms in the molecule, namely the diphosphates or pyrophosphates, the Tripolyphosphates, tetrapolyphosphates, pentapolyphosphates and hexapolyphosphates and
- 3. die Aluminium-, Ammonium-aluminium- und Harnstoff-aluminiummetaphosphate mit 3 oder 4 Phosphoratomen im Molekül, d. h. die Trimetaphosphate und Tetrametaphospha te.3. the aluminum, ammonium aluminum and urea aluminum metaphosphates with 3 or 4 phosphorus atoms in the molecule, i.e. H. the trimetaphosphates and tetrametaphospha te.
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Verbindungen der Gruppen 1 und 2 sind Aluminium- bzw. Ammonium-aluminium- bzw. Harnstoff-aluminiumsalze von Säuren der allgemeinen Formel HO-[P(OH)(O)-O]nH, worin n eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 6, vorzugsweise 1 bis 4 bedeutet. Wenn n 1 ist, handelt es sich dabei um die Orthophosphorsäure, wenn n 2 ist, um die Pyrophosphor säure, wenn n 3 ist, um die Tripolyphosphorsäure und, wenn n 4 ist, um die Tetrapoly phosphorsäure. Die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Metaphosphate leiten sich von der cyclo-Tri- oder -Tetra-phosphorsäure her, die die Summenformel (HPO₃)m besitzt, worin m 3 oder 4 ist. In den Harnstoff-aluminium-Salzen kann der Harnstoff in stöchiometrischer oder unstöchiometrischer Menge enthalten sein.The compounds of groups 1 and 2 which can be used according to the invention are aluminum or ammonium aluminum or urea aluminum salts of acids of the general formula HO- [P (OH) (O) -O] n H, where n is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4 means. If n is 1, it is the orthophosphoric acid, if n is 2, the pyrophosphoric acid, if n is 3, the tripolyphosphoric acid and, if n is 4, the tetrapoly phosphoric acid. The metaphosphates to be used according to the invention are derived from cyclo-tri- or tetra-phosphoric acid, which has the empirical formula (HPO₃) m , where m is 3 or 4. The urea aluminum salts can contain the urea in a stoichiometric or unstoichiometric amount.
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Additive zu organischen Bindemitteln verstärken zusätzlich zu den obigen Wirkungen die Harzbindung bei erhöhten Temperaturen und wirken gleichzeitig verschleißhemmend auf die im Verbundmaterial enthaltenen Zuschläge, wie Faserstoffe.The additives to organic binders used according to the invention additionally reinforce to the above effects, the resin bond at elevated temperatures and act simultaneously wear-resistant to the additives contained in the composite material, such as fiber materials.
Erfindungsgemäß verwendet man zeckmäßig die genannten Zusatzstoffe in einer Menge von 3 bis 20, vorzugsweise 5 bis 10 Gewichtsteilen je 100 Gewichtsteile des Bindemittels.According to the invention, the additives mentioned are used in an amount of 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the binder.
Da im Regelfall die Verbundmaterialien nicht nur vermindertes Glimmvermögen, sondern auch verminderte Entflammbarkeit haben sollen, ist es besonders zweckmäßig, zusätzlich zu den obengenannten, das Glimmvermögen reduzierenden Zusatzstoffen auch wenigstens ein übliches Flammschutzmittel zuzugeben. Solche Flammschutzmittel sind zweckmäßig herkömmliche phosphorhaltige Flammschutzmittel, insbesondere Ammoniumpolyphosphate, oder aber auch Phosphorsäureester von Polyolen, Borphosphorsäureester oder Hydroxyalkan phosphonate und deren Salze mit organischen Basen. Die Flammschutzmittel werden den organischen Bindemitteln zweckmäßig in einer Menge von 10 bis 50, vorzugsweise 50 bis 40 Gewichtsteilen je 100 Gewichtsteile des Bindemittels zugesetzt. Das Mengenverhältnis der das Glimmvermögen vermindernden Zusatzstoffe nach der Erfindung zu den entflammungs hemmenden Zusatzstoffen liegt günstigerweise bei 1 : 3 bis 1 : 10, vorzugsweise bei 1 : 5 bis 1 : 8. Nach einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung daher das Glimmvermögen und die Entflammbarkeit von organischen Bindemitteln vermindernde Mittel, die vorgemischt, gegebenenfalls im Gemisch mit weiteren üblichen Zusatzstoffen einerseits die oben als das Glimmvermögen vermindernde Orthophosphate, Polyphosphate und/oder Metaphosphate und andererseits übliche Flammschutzmittel, insbesonders phosphorhaltige Flammschutzmittel enthalten. Das Mengenverhältnis von Glimmschutzmitteln einerseits zu Flammschutzmitteln andererseits liegt bevorzugt in den obengenannten Bereichen von 1 : 3 bis 1 : 10, insbesondere von 1 : 5 bis 1 : 8.As a rule, the composite materials not only reduce glow, but also should have reduced flammability, it is particularly useful in addition to The above-mentioned additives which reduce the smoldering power are also at least one Add the usual flame retardant. Such flame retardants are useful conventional phosphorus-containing flame retardants, especially ammonium polyphosphates, or else phosphoric acid esters of polyols, borophosphoric acid esters or hydroxyalkane phosphonates and their salts with organic bases. The flame retardants are the organic binders appropriately in an amount of 10 to 50, preferably 50 to 40 Parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the binder added. The quantitative ratio of the Additive to reduce inflammation according to the invention to the flammable inhibitory additives is advantageously 1: 3 to 1:10, preferably 1: 5 to 1: 8. According to a further aspect, the invention therefore relates to the smoldering power and the Flammability of organic binders reducing agents that are pre-mixed optionally in a mixture with other customary additives on the one hand the above as that Orthophosphates, polyphosphates and / or metaphosphates which reduce glow and on the other hand, conventional flame retardants, especially phosphorus-containing flame retardants contain. The quantity ratio of glow protection agents on the one hand to flame retardants on the other hand, it is preferably in the above ranges from 1: 3 to 1:10, in particular from 1: 5 to 1: 8.
Überraschenderweise zeigen Gemische der oben aufgeführten Ortho-, Poly- und Meta phosphate von Aluminium zusammen mit Ammoniumpolyphosphaten bei Differential- Thermoanalyse höhere thermische Stabilität als die Einzelkomponenten.Surprisingly, mixtures of the ortho-, poly- and meta listed above show phosphates of aluminum together with ammonium polyphosphates in differential Thermal analysis higher thermal stability than the individual components.
Die folgenden Beispiele dienen der weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung.The following examples serve to further explain the invention.
In einem Freifallmischer werden 50 kg Reißbaumwolle vorgelegt und mit 7 kg eines erfindungs gemäßen Gemisches aus 65 Gew.-% Ammoniumpolyphosphat und 35 Gew.-% Aluminium tripolyphosphat intensiv vermischt. Dieses Reißbaumwolle-Gemisch wird mit 15 kg einer 50%igen Phenolharzlösung besprüht, auf einer beheizten Presse verdichtet und bei 155°C gehärtet. Im anschließenden Brandtest erfüllte das Material die Bedingungen der US- Sicherheitsnorm FMVSS 302.In a free-fall mixer, 50 kg of tear cotton are placed and with 7 kg of an invention according mixture of 65 wt .-% ammonium polyphosphate and 35 wt .-% aluminum tripolyphosphate mixed intensively. This tear cotton mixture is 50% with 15 kg Sprayed phenolic resin solution, compressed on a heated press and at 155 ° C hardened. In the subsequent fire test, the material met the conditions of the US Security standard FMVSS 302.
Eine Mischung bestehend aus 100 Teilen eines pulverförmigen Phenolharzes, 35 Teilen Ammoniumpolyphosphat und 8 Teilen Aluminiumtripolyphosphat wird mit 200 Teilen trockenen, groben Sägespänen vermischt und unter Härten bei 150°C zu Platten verpreßt. Bei einem Beflammungstest nach DIN 4102 Tl1 erfüllen die Platten die Anforderungen der Baustoffklasse B1. Sie zeigten keinerlei Nachglimmen. A mixture consisting of 100 parts of a powdered phenolic resin, 35 parts Ammonium polyphosphate and 8 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate comes with 200 parts dry, coarse sawdust mixed and pressed to plates under hardness at 150 ° C. At a flame test according to DIN 4102 Tl1, the panels meet the requirements of Building material class B1. They showed no afterglow.
690 g eines pulverförmigen Aluminiumorthophosphates werden mit 290 g eines feinen technischen Natriumaluminates und 20 g feinteiliger Kieselsäure vermischt. Der Mischvorgang dauert etwa 1 h. Das Reaktionsgemisch zeigt nach Ende des Mischprozesses einen pH-Wert zwischen 3 und 6. Diese Mischung wird zu 120 g eines Inertrohstoff-Gemisches aus Glimmer und anderen Silicaten gegeben, mit 250 g eines gängigen Phenolharzes vermischt und auf einer Thermopresse bei 150 bis 170°C gehärtet. Der Formling besitzt hohe Formstabilität.690 g of a powdered aluminum orthophosphate are combined with 290 g of a fine one technical sodium aluminates and 20 g of finely divided silica. The mixing process takes about 1 h. The reaction mixture shows a pH value at the end of the mixing process between 3 and 6. This mixture becomes 120 g of an inert raw material mixture of mica and other silicates, mixed with 250 g of a common phenolic resin and on a Thermo press hardened at 150 to 170 ° C. The molding has high dimensional stability.
Ein 5 bis 10 mm dickes, lockeres Mischvlies aus Cellulose- und Acrylnitrilfasern wird mit einer Mischung von Ammoniumpolyphosphat (20%) Aluminiumtripolyphosphat (20%) und Phenolharz (60%) so gepudert, daß es rund 35% des Bindemittels enthält. Das Vliesmaterial wird 5fach übereinandergelegt und in einer Heizpresse 20 min bei 155°C und 5 bar gehärtet. Das Material erfüllt die Bedingungen der US-Sicherheitsnorm FMVSS 302.A 5 to 10 mm thick, loose mixed fleece made of cellulose and acrylonitrile fibers is mixed with one Mixture of ammonium polyphosphate (20%) aluminum tripolyphosphate (20%) and Phenolic resin (60%) powdered so that it contains around 35% of the binder. The fleece material is placed 5 times on top of each other and hardened in a heating press for 20 min at 155 ° C and 5 bar. The material meets the requirements of the US security standard FMVSS 302.
Einem Rohstoffgemisch bestehend aus 40 Gew.-% Metallen, 32,6 Gew.-% Füllstoffen, 26 Gew.-% Gleitstoffen und 1,4% Faseranteil aus organischen Fasern werden 6 bis 10% eines Additivs bestehend aus 70 g Ammoniumpolyphosphat und 30 g Aluminiumtripolyphosphat zugemischt und mittels 15 g eines handelsüblichen Phenolharzes gebunden. Auf einer Presse werden Formkörper hergestellt und diese anschließend 30 min bei 1000°C getempert, wobei das Bindeharz pyrolysiert. Im Reibversuch bis zur Rotglut ist deutlich verminderter Verschleiß bei besonderer Stabilität des Formkörpers festzustellen.A raw material mixture consisting of 40% by weight of metals, 32.6% by weight of fillers, 26 % By weight of lubricants and 1.4% of fiber from organic fibers become 6 to 10% of one Additives consisting of 70 g ammonium polyphosphate and 30 g aluminum tripolyphosphate admixed and bound using 15 g of a commercially available phenolic resin. On a press molded articles are produced and these are then annealed at 1000 ° C. for 30 min, where the binder resin pyrolyzes. In the rub test up to the red heat there is significantly reduced wear determined with particular stability of the molded body.
Claims (13)
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Cited By (2)
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EP2796492A4 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2015-08-26 | Tolsa Sa | Method for obtaining hierarchically ordered inorganic phosphate structures on phyllosilicates |
IT202200002246A1 (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2023-08-08 | Sn Innovative S R L | INSULATING AND SOUND-ABSORBING PANEL AND RELATED MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE |
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