DE194720C

DE194720C -

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Publication number: DE194720C
Application number: DENDAT194720D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

- Λ! 194720-KLASSE 20 £. GRUPPE - Λ! 194720- CLASS £ 20. GROUP

ALBERT KNEIST in BERLIN.ALBERT KNEIST in BERLIN.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 18. Juni 1907 ab.Patented in the German Empire on June 18, 1907.

Die in neuerer Zeit bei elektrischen Vollbahnen benutzte Aufhängung der Kontaktleitung an einem über ihr mit großem Durchhang gespannten Tragdraht (sogenannte Kettenaufhängung) hat den Nachteil, daß namentlich bei großen Mastentfernungen auch große Höhenänderungen am Scheitel der Kette durch Temperaturschwankungen auftreten, so daß die Kontaktleitung eine wellenförmigeThe suspension of the contact line that has recently been used in electrical main railways on a suspension wire stretched over it with a large slack (so-called chain suspension) has the disadvantage that especially at great distances from the mast there are also great changes in height at the top of the chain occur due to temperature fluctuations, so that the contact line has a wave-shaped

ίο Höhenlage einnimmt und die Stromabnehmer der Fahrzeuge zwingt, diese Bewegungen mitzumachen, was bei großen Fahrgeschwindig-,keiten sehr störend wirkt.ίο occupies high altitude and the pantograph forcing vehicles to go along with these movements, which occurs at high speeds is very annoying.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird die Oberleitung selbsttätig derart nachgespannt, daß die durch Temperaturschwankungen verursachten Längenänderungen vollständig ausgeglichen werden. Die Erfindung besteht darin, daß die zum Spannen der Kette benutzten KraftmittelAccording to the invention, the overhead line is automatically retensioned in such a way that the through Changes in length caused by temperature fluctuations are fully compensated. The invention consists in that the power means used to tension the chain

20' (z. B. Federn oder Gewichte) durch die Längenänderung eines oder mehrerer entlang der Oberleitung oder in ■ einer beliebig anderen Lage gespannten Hilfsdrahtes oder durch die Längenänderung der Kontakt- oder Fahrleitung selbst derartig beeinflußt werden, daß der Durchhang der Kette und damit auch die Lage der Fahrleitung bei allen Temperaturen unverändert bleibt.20 '(e.g. springs or weights) due to the change in length one or more along the overhead line or ■ in any other Position of tensioned auxiliary wire or by changing the length of the contact or catenary themselves are influenced in such a way that the slack of the chain and thus also the The position of the contact line remains unchanged at all temperatures.

In Fig. ι ist α der Kontaktdraht, b die Kette, c der Hilfsdraht, d die Spannfeder, e der Isolator und f der Ausleger oder Querträger der Oberleitung. Die Kontaktleitung a ist in der üblichen Weise nach der Pfeilrichtung hin abgespannt. Der Hilfsdraht c ist mit geringem Durchhange über der Kette b gespannt und mit dieser an die Feder d angeschlossen. Tritt z. B. eine Temperaturerniedrigung ein, so wird sich die Zugspannung im Hilfsdraht c infolge seines geringen Durchhanges sehr schnell vergrößern. Hierdurch wird die Feder d entsprechend der Verkürzung des Hilfsdrahtes ausgedehnt und der Befestigungspunkt der Kette b an der Feder d so verschoben, daß der Kettendurchhang etwa konstant bleibt. Will man den Durchhang vollkommen konstanthalten, so kann man für den Hilfsdraht 1 ein Material nehmen, dessen Ausdehnungskoeffizient etwas größer als der des Kettendrahtes ist, oder man kann gleiches Material für beide Drähte und eine Ausgleichsvorrichtung, wie sie z. B. in Fig. 7 dargestellt ist, anwenden. In dieser Fig. 7 ist wieder α der Fahrdraht, δ die Kette, c der Hilfsdraht, e der Isolator, / der Ausleger und d die Feder. Auf dem Isolator e ist ein Joch befestigt, an dessen Enden g die Hebel h drehbar aufgehängt sind, welche in den Punkten i den Hilfsdraht c, in k die Kette und in I die Feder d aufnehmen. Das Hebelverhältnis gi : gk ist so gewählt, daß der Längenunterschied zwischen Hilfsdraht und Kette sowie die im Hilfsdraht infolge der höheren Zugspannung auftretende Dehnung vollkommen ausgeglichen wird und die Fahrdrahtlage bei allen Temperaturen konstant bleibt. In den Stützpunkten m (Fig. 1) kann die Kette verschiebbar gelagert und mit dem Hilfsdrahte fest verbunden werden, so daß man für mehrere Stützpunkte nur eine Nachspannvorrichtung braucht.In Fig. Ι α is the contact wire, b the chain, c the auxiliary wire, d the tension spring, e the insulator and f the boom or cross member of the overhead line. The contact line a is tensioned in the usual way in the direction of the arrow. The auxiliary wire c is stretched over the chain b with a slight slack and is connected to the spring d with the latter. Occurs z. B. a temperature decrease, the tensile stress in the auxiliary wire c will increase very quickly due to its small slack. As a result, the spring d is expanded in accordance with the shortening of the auxiliary wire and the attachment point of the chain b on the spring d is shifted so that the chain sag remains approximately constant. If you want to keep the sag completely constant, you can take a material for the auxiliary wire 1, the expansion coefficient of which is slightly greater than that of the chain wire, or you can use the same material for both wires and a compensating device, such as. B. shown in Fig. 7 apply. In this FIG. 7, α is again the contact wire, δ the chain, c the auxiliary wire, e the insulator, / the boom and d the spring. A yoke is attached to the insulator e , at the ends g of which the levers h are rotatably suspended, which take up the auxiliary wire c at points i , the chain at k and the spring d at I. The lever ratio gi: gk is chosen so that the difference in length between the auxiliary wire and the chain as well as the elongation occurring in the auxiliary wire due to the higher tensile stress is completely compensated and the contact wire position remains constant at all temperatures. In the support points m (Fig. 1), the chain can be slidably mounted and firmly connected to the auxiliary wires, so that only one tensioning device is required for several support points.

In Fig. 2 ist der Hilfsdraht c zwischen Kette b und Fahrdraht α angeordnet, wobeiIn Fig. 2, the auxiliary wire c is arranged between chain b and contact wire α , wherein

(2. Auflage, ausgegeben am 20. Januar 190g.)(2nd edition, issued on January 20, 190g.)

Claims

the same purpose as in Fig. 1 and 7 is achieved, because here too the relationship between the two is like a plier. interconnected lever A1 selected so that the length compensation takes place. With this arrangement you can also suspend the contact wire on the auxiliary wire suspended from the chain, and indeed displaceably, according to the patent 164565 Cl. 20 k, so that the contact wire can be easily retensioned. Fig. 3 shows an arrangement in which the change in length of the contact line itself is used to regulate the chain slack. Since the chain is usually made of steel, whereas the contact wire is made of copper, the leverage ratio no: often has to be selected according to the expansion coefficient of these metals, again taking into account the expansion of the contact wire due to the tensile stress. In this way, with the simplest means, you can fully compensate for the change in length of the overhead line caused by temperature fluctuations. Fig. 4 shows a combination of the arrangements Fig. Ι and 3. Here, the chain b is firmly connected to the auxiliary wire c via the support points q, but mounted on these and slidably mounted at point r (right in the figure) fixed to the Anchored insulator and boom so that only one tensioning device is required for a long route. The tensioning device is shown on the left-hand side of FIG. 4 and operates in the same way as described above. It consists of a double-armed lever s, the center point t of which is rotatably mounted on the insulator u (see also FIG. 5). The auxiliary wires c and chain b engage in points υ of the lever s, while the tension wires χ are attached to the ends w of the lever s. Each of the tension wires χ is fastened together with a contact wire end y on the insulator ζ of the lever Ot1, the upper end point O1 of which is rotatably mounted on the mast C1, while at its lower end a rope guided over the pulley dx engages, which by means of a weight not shown Tension force of the overhead line absorbs. With this arrangement, only one insulator is required for the tensioning of the contact wire and chain on the mast. It also offers the advantage that it can very easily serve as an electrical section insulator. For this purpose one only needs to attach an insulator ^ 1 (Fig. 5) between the double lever s and chain b together with auxiliary wire c and equip the connection ^ 1 between the contact wires gx (Fig. 6) also with insulators A1. Fig. 8 shows an arrangement of the tensioning device for overhead tram lines without chain suspension .. Here, the points of application of the auxiliary wire c and contact wire a on the tensioning lever I1 are also chosen so that the change in length of both wires is completely compensated. With this arrangement, the auxiliary wire can also serve as a protective wire against any falling telephone and telegraph lines. Godfather ν t-An Proverbs:

1. A device for regulating the position and tension of the overhead line (catenary and suspension line) electric 'railways, characterized in that the force means (e.g. weights or springs d) used for re-tensioning the overhead line (a, b ) by one or several auxiliary wires (ribbons, rods, ropes, chains c) are influenced directly or indirectly in such a way that changes in the position and tension of the overhead line caused by temperature changes are canceled by the simultaneous changes in length of the auxiliary wires.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary wire (c) is tensioned over the chain (b) arranged to carry the catenary and engages directly on the chain tensioning spring (d) , so that the position of the chain (b) and the Contact wire (a) kept constant, -the tension of the latter is regulated in the known way by special power means (Fig. 1).

3. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the auxiliary wire (c) between chain (b) and contact wire (a) is tensioned and by means of two pliers-like levers (H ₁ ) connected to each other on two adjacent chains and their tension spring (d ) acts in such a way that the chain and contact wire position remains constant (Fig. 2).

4. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the change in length of the contact wire caused by temperature changes (a) by means of a lever and spring or weight arrangement keeps the chain slack constant (Fig. 3).

For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.