DE1945196A1 - Photoelectric safety device - Google Patents

Description

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Dipl.-Phys. Jürgen lUeisse Telex 8516895 Ί a HOIJD

Patent attorneys

Patent application Erwin Sick -Optic-Electronics-

7808 Waldkirch, An der Allee 7-9

Photoelectric safety device

The invention relates to a photoelectric safety device for monitoring the approach of a vehicle driven on a track, in particular one Cranes, to an obstacle with a light barrier for monitoring the space between the vehicle and the obstacle consisting of a transmitter-receiver arrangement on the one side and a reflector on the other side, which in the event of danger reflects a light beam emitted by the transmitter onto the receiver, the then delivers an alarm or hold signal.

If operating errors are made when operating overhead cranes, people can be harmed and considerable assets can be destroyed. For this reason, safety devices of the above-mentioned type have become known which prevent overhead cranes from colliding, hitting an obstacle or driving over a certain point (DAS 1 130 979, DAS 1 158 685, DBP 937 973) such a safety device is inoperative for any reason ₀ In a · «such a case · iet a particularly large risk of operating errors and, · accidents, because the

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Operator relies on the safety device to some extent. With previously known safety devices on overhead cranes or similar vehicles driven on a track is an inability of the safety device to puncture during normal operation Not recognizable for the operating personnel and also not easily ascertainable ©

The invention is based on the object of improving the puncture capability of a safety device of the type mentioned at the beginning Type of monitor and / or control.

According to the invention this is achieved in that for the purpose of testing the safety device to simulate the In the event of danger on the side of the transmitter-receiver arrangement, insert another reflector (test reflector) into the The beam path of the light beam can be switched on «,

The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that in a simple manner and very quickly a Testing of the entire safety device can be made. The pivotable reflector allows to simulated at any point in time, and thus the The puncture efficiency of the safety device has been checked will.

The test reflector can be swiveled in by the operator at will, in order for him to do so to enable the puncture capability of the safety device to be checked at a given time. The operator pushes then, for example, on a "test" button, which for example uses a rotary magnet to put the test reflector in the beam path is swiveled in o It must then be activated when the

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A control lamp light up or go out

However, it is particularly advantageous if the monitoring of the safety device is independent of the Operating personnel is carried out automatically. For this purpose it can be provided that before each start-up of the vehicle, a test can be triggered automatically by means of the test reflector and that the vehicle drive contains a start-up lock, which can only be triggered by a reaction corresponding to the simulation of the hazard the safety device is released, the test reflector can be removed before the vehicle starts up be briefly moved into and out of the beam path «But it is also possible that the test reflector is constantly swiveled in when the vehicle is at a standstill and before each start-up is swiveled out automatically. The circuit for this can be constructed, for example, in the way that the starting lock one in the circuit of the vehicle drive or its control lying relay contact of an auxiliary relay contains that one of the receiver controlled safety relay in the de-energized state the electrical circuit of the vehicle drive (or its Control) and in the energized state the circuit of the auxiliary rel% ^ 3 is connected to voltage, and that in the circuit of the auxiliary relay, which is provided with a self-holding contact, is a switch which, when stopped or Switch on the drive before swiveling out the Test reflector from the beam path of the light beam opens briefly.

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The invention is enacted on a few exemplary embodiments explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

fig. 1 shows the mechanical structure echematically a safety device with a monitoring device according to the invention.

Figo 2 shows the simplest form of an associated circuit.

Pig. 3 shows a simplified circuit for the automatic monitoring of the safety precautions * direction before starting »

With 1 and 2 2 overhead traveling cranes are designated, which run on a rail system 3.

A photoelectric transceiver 4 is attached to the crane 1, which emits a light beam in the direction of 8 sends out «, have the two cranes apart Approaching a limit distance 7, the light beam falls on a reflector mounted on the crane 2 throws the light bundle back into itself on the transmitting / receiving device 4. A control signal is then sent here given to stop crane 1.

The functionality of the entire arrangement is now checked by placing a reflector 6 in the beam path is pivoted so that the danger is simulated and displayed. This testing ^ is e.g. carried out every time the crane system is started up or every time the crane starts up. The reflector can e.g.

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can be swiveled in automatically by the operator at the push of a button or when the crane starts up.

To secure the crane 2, a corresponding system is used, in which the transceiver on the Crane 2 and the reflector is attached to crane 1

If a crane is to be prevented from colliding with a wall, the reflector is attached to the wall.

Pig. 2 shows the simplest form of monitoring _o The relay A which is representative of a complex evaluation circuit shown, is controlled by the photoresistor 10 degrees. In normal operation, the photoresistor 10 is not exposed (release) and relay A has dropped out (contact a closed). The drive unit of the crane shown as block 13 is enabled and the control lamp 12 is on. In the event of danger, the photoresistor 10 is exposed, whereupon relay A is switched on (contact a open). The unit is then blocked and the lamp 13 goes out. This case of danger can be simulated by the operating personnel. In a manner not shown, the reflector 6 is pivoted in a safe position of the crane at certain time intervals by pressing a button, for example via electromagnetic switching means (not shown). If the lamp 12 goes out, the monitoring device works correctly.

In Fig. 3 it is shown in principle how a complete test game of the evaluation circuit, which by the relay B can be performed automatically, Relay B is controlled by the photoresistor 10. Ea is

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attracted when the photoresistor 10 is exposed (Danger) and 'fallen off if 10' is not 'exposed (Crane system "free") · In case of danger, pulls Relay B on and the drive unit 13 is blocked by opening contact b. Am an additional warning signal can be switched on in a manner not shown

The testing (at a safe position of the crane) is carried out in the following manner, a switch 14, the z _o as the target start-of the crane is operated for a short time in a manner not shown, together with the switching-on of the crane, opens the circuit for the relay D that is switched on during operation, as will be explained in more detail below.

After the switch 14 is briefly opened, in In a manner not shown, the reflector 6 is automatically swiveled in for a short time. Relay B is switched on and with contact b switches on relay D, which is held by contact d1. After swiveling out the Reflector 6 drops off relay B, whereupon the dial tone for the drive unit 13 via contacts b and d2 is delivered.

It can be seen that with this circuit a complete festspiel of the Auswerteschaltmittela B (so here the switching of the relay B) is carried out and the crane is released if the test game proceeds properly «

Likewise, the switch 14 may be briefly opened during stopping of the crane, and then the reflector are swung "Bas pivoting occurs with approach of the crane ₀

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Claims (10)

Claims Photoelectric security device for surveillance der, approaching one driven on a track Vehicle, in particular a crane, to an obstacle with a light barrier for monitoring the space between the vehicle and the obstacle consisting of a transmitter-receiver arrangement on one side and a reflector on the other, the latter in case of danger a bundle of light emitted from the transmitter reflects onto the receiver, which then sends an alarm or switch-off signal supplies, characterized in that for the purpose of testing the safety device for simulation the case of danger on the side of the transmitter-receiver arrangement (4) another reflector (test reflector (6)) in the beam path of the light beam (8) can be switched on. Photoelectric security device according to claim 1, characterized in that before each start of the vehicle automatically a test by means of the Test reflector (6) can be triggered and that the vehicle drive (13) contains a start-up lock (d2 ...) that can only be used by simulating the danger trap corresponding reaction of the safety device (B ^ is resolved. 3 «Photoelectric security device according to claim 2, characterized in that the test reflector (6) before the vehicle (1) starts moving briefly into and out of the beam path will" 10 9 8 12/0846 ~ ² -. 4 ·. Photoelectric security device according to claim 2, characterized in that the test reflector (6) when the vehicle is stationary ("I) is constantly swiveled in and is swiveled out automatically before each start β Photoelectric safety device according to a of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the start-up lock is a relay contact in the electrical circuit of the vehicle drive or its control system (D2) of an auxiliary relay (D) contains that a safety relay (B) controlled by the receiver (10) disconnects the circuit of the vehicle drive (13) (or its control) and in the energized state the circuit of the auxiliary relay (D) applies voltage, and that in the circuit of the provided with a self-holding contact (d) Auxiliary relay (D) a switch (H) is located which, when the drive is shut down or switched on, before the Pivoting the test reflector (6) out of the The beam path of the light bundle (8) opens briefly 10 98 ι 2/0846 Blank page