DE1932367A1 - Apparatus and method for creating an exit or entrance opening by blasting - Google Patents

Description

Explosive Technology, Incorporated, ^ airfield, Caliph, (Y.St.A.)

Apparatus and method for creating an output or Entrance opening by blasting.

This application claims the priorities from US application serial no. 740 645 of June 27, 1968 and from the U ₀ S. application Serial No. 796 770 of February 5, 1969.

In the case of accidents of various kinds, it is often necessary to gain immediate access to the interior of a closed structure such as a building, the hold of a ship, a hoisting device for grain, the hull of a plug stuff or the like, in order to bring help, an IPeuer to fight or to carry out other emergency and rescue measures. Forced access is generally enforced by conventional tools or tools specially trained for this purpose, such as axes, crowbars, ramming rams and acetylene-oxygen cutting torches. Recently, power saws have also been used all these tools or equipment are i ** use for several years, they all have certain disadvantages,

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which order in particular that the use of most devices requires a longer period of time and in many cases is ineffective or associated with danger for one reason or another. For example, fire brigades use chainsaws to a large extent in order to achieve ventilation through the roof or the like in emergencies. It is not uncommon for the saw blade to come across live electrical lines during the cutting process. Such an incident is obviously dangerous for the user of the chainsaw. Attempts have therefore been made to circumvent these dangers and disadvantages by using pure explosives in order to obtain violent access to the closed structures through them. These attempts, however, relied largely on the techniques used in blasting rocks and were done with dynamite sticks or nitroglycerin. These attempts have therefore resulted in poor use of energy, relatively unsafe operation, and arbitrary damage to the structures in which an opening is to be made. Also, in such a procedure required to remove the support staff and spectators from the explosion site to as flying inexpensive, blast wave, shaking, etc. _o dangerous form · From these considerations there is an urgent need for a new and improved explosive device ssul * creation of a Exit or entrance. The task of the .äi '

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is an apparatus and method for creating an exit or entrance opening by blasting indicate that can be used by relatively inexperienced persons, the device should also Can be inserted quickly and easily, relatively safe against improper or incorrect use, as well as being easy and relatively inexpensive to manufacture "

The inventive blasting device for creating an exit or entrance opening in a wall-shaped structure with an exposed surface consists of a container made of a relatively light, essentially non-splintering material with a flat outside which is brought into engagement with the exposed surface of the wall-shaped structure can be in. which the opening is to be cut out _o Inside the container, in the saw of the flat outside thereof, there is a linear explosive charge and runs along at least part of the line which forms at least part of the circumference for the opening that is to be cut out in the wall-shaped structure . In the housing, on the rear of the linear explosive charge, an elastically resilient filler is arranged within a carrier material, which is also located on the rear of the linear explosive charge in the housing »

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Further details of the invention can be seen from the following description of some preferred exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an explosive device to create an exit or entrance opening according to the invention, which at a door is set "

Pig »FIG. 2 is a top plan view of that of FIG device shown, with the flaps in the open position,

FIG. 3 is a cross-section taken along line 3-3 of FIG Fig. 2.

Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-section through the igniter . - -

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4.

6 is a diagrammatic representation of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, which is attached to a wall and for cutting a hole in that wall serves.

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the device shown in Figure 6 with the flaps in the open position .

Figure 8 is a top plan view of another

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Embodiment of the invention,

Pig. Figure 9 is a top plan view of the underside of the lid of the Pig's device. 8th.

Pig. Figure 10 is a cross section taken along line 10-10 of Pig. 8th.

Pigo 11 is a cross section taken along line 11-11 the pig. 8th.

Pig. Figure 12 is a bottom plan view of the Pig device. 8, with certain sections have broken away.

Pig ", 13 is a top plan view of the device the pig. 8, with the middle part of the lid and portions of the lid broken away are.

Pig. Figure 14 is a cross section taken along line 14-14 the pig. 12th

Pig. Figure 15 is a cross section taken along line 15-15 of Pig. H.

Pig ", 16 is a cross section taken along line 16-16 the pig. 14th

Pig «17 is a greatly enlarged and partly im Cross-sectional view of the sum igniting of the device of the Pig. 8 serving device.

Pig. 18 is a plan view of FIG. on top of another Ausfüimmggform of the gate direction according to the invention.

19 is a top view from imt © a on ä @ n Deefesl

des in Pig. 18 shown device

Figure 20 is a cross section taken along line 20-20 of Pig. 18th

Pig. Figure 21 is a bottom plan view of the Pig device. 18, with certain sections broken away are.

Pig, 22 is a top plan view of the Pig's device. 8, with certain parts omitted have been.

Pig. Figure 23 is a top plan view of the Pig device. 18, with the central section broken away is.

Pig. Figure 24 is a top plan view of Olsen of a combination of devices which represents a further embodiment of the invention and which Manner shows in which the devices are used to cut a large hole in one Roof or the like are arranged »

Pig. 25 is a side elevation of one of the devices of FIG .Pig. 24 ·, with some sections broken away are.

Pig. Figure 26 is a cross section taken along line 26-26 of Pig. 25 *

Pig. Figure 27 is an isometric view of a package showing the manner in which it is used the explosive devices can be packaged for shipment. >

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Mg · 28 is a partial cross-section taken along line 28-28 of FIG. 27.

In the first embodiment, the explosive device according to the invention consists of a container 11, the is made of a relatively light, non-splintering material such as cardboard. Of the Container consists of two box-shaped parts 12 and 1.5 · Each of the two box-shaped parts 12 and 13 consists of mutually parallel side walls 14 »mutually parallel end walls 16 and an upper and lower wall 17, which also run parallel to one another at a mutual distance. Part 12 is slightly larger as part 13 »so that the two parts in the in Pig. 3 manner shown pushed together and can form a completely closed container. The two parts 12 and 13 are by any suitable means such as bonded together with an adhesive. The edges can also be sealed with a tape strip 18, so that the container is substantially watertight.

The container 11 has a substantially planar outer surface s is formed by the bottom wall 17 of the inner part 13 and schachtelförmigea wandförnigen against the exposed surface © Ina structure can be placed in which sin ©. opening should be cut out "

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Immediately adjacent to the inner surface of the lower wall 17 of the inner, well-shaped part 13 of the container 11, a linear-shaped explosive charge 21 is arranged. The linear explosive charge can be of any design and, for example, correspond to the explosive "Jetcord" which is manufactured and sold by the US company Explosive Technology Incorporated in Airfield, California. Such a linear explosive charge consists in the manner known to those skilled in the art of a profile piece 22 made of a suitable metal such as lead with a "V-shaped or angular cross-section, which serves to concentrate the explosive effect. The open side of the" V "or The actual explosive charge 23 is embedded in the profile piece 22 and runs in the longitudinal direction of the profile piece made of metal. The explosive charge can be made of any suitable material such as RDX, PETIT, TNT or any other powdery explosive. The linear explosive charge 21 is arranged in a certain pattern, such as the circumference of the opening to be cut out by means of the device. As shown in FIG arranged w? ru9 &, _e5 «shaped opening g

. - Behind the% rengls4uBg 21 weä an eiaetieehm: filler. 26 suitable SeeohaftCeiiueitr vie - beie] £> * l £ welBfr gya-

tactical, foamed plastic arranged with closed cells. A relatively slightly flexible holding or carrier material 27 is also arranged behind the explosive charge and can either be arranged inside the filler material 26 or surround the outside of the elastic filler material. 3 shows, the holding material 27 can have the form of a rubber sheet which surrounds the outer surface of the syntactic foam which represents the elastic filler material 26. The elastic filler is arranged in the shape of a circle having a generally rectangular cross section, as can be seen from FIG. The retaining fabric 27 is generally U-shaped in cross-section and covers the sides and back surface of the elastic filler. The retaining fabric 27 can also be made of a woven fabric such as woven nylon, or it can be in the form of chopped nylon strands dispersed within the syntactic foam which forms the resilient filler. As can be seen from the drawings, the elastic filler 26, together with the holding material 27, essentially completely fills the outer edge portions of the container 11, but leaves a cylindrical space 28 free in the center _e

The one used to ignite the linear explosive charge Device consists of a non-electrically operated detonator 31 of known design, which is located within the elastic filler 26 is embedded and in contact

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with the linear explosive charge. A sheathed fuse 32 of known design is attached to the detonator 31 and passed through an opening 32 of the holding material to the outside, where it is connected to an ignition device 34 is. The ignition device 34 has a housing 36 made of a suitable material such as plastic. That Housing 36 is generally cylindrical in shape and sized so that it can be easily held in one hand can. The sheathed fuse 32 is inserted into a bore 37 of the housing. An impact fuse 38 is within of the housing 36 and is in engagement with the end of the detonating cord 32. The impact cylinder 38 can be ignited by a firing pin 39 which is slidably mounted in the housing 36 and by a helical spring 41 is acted upon in the direction of the percussion fuse 38 »The helical spring 41 is located in a recess 42 of the housing 36 and is at one end with a collar 43 of the firing pin 39 in engagement.

The firing pin 39 is normally triggered by a trigger 46 held out of engagement with the percussion fuse. The trigger 46 is in a bore 47 of the housing 36 slidably mounted, which runs at a right angle to the bore 37. In the trigger 46 is located a hole 48 of such a size that the firing pin 39 duroh this hole can go through. The trigger 46 also has a slot 49 that opens up to the bore 48 opens out and the sharp tip 39a of the firing pin

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39 can record like Pig. 4 shows. Inside the hole 47 is a waffle spring 51 and acts on the ' Trigger 46 outwardly so that the slot 49 of the trigger is in engagement with the sharp point 39a of the firing pin A fuse, which prevents actuation of the trigger until it is removed, consists of a locking pin 52 which extends through, the housing 36 and through, the trigger 46 is inserted through it. A pull ring 53 is located on the firing pin 39 and allows it to be pulled out of the firing pin 39 against the force of the leather 41. The firing device with the sheathed fuse is normally placed in the cylindrical space 28 within the container 11 kept «.

The top wall 1? the container is provided with perforations ₉ whereby two flaps 17a and 17b are formed which can be opened for the purpose of access to the space 28, whereby the ignition device 34 and the sheathed fuse 32 are accessible 17a and 17b are in the closed position and the igniter is located within space 28.

If desired, they can be placed in or on a container

Devices are provided through which the container SB. Oer should be attached wall in which an opening cut kasan ^ w @ rd @ n "Bsispielsweise can Yier magnets 56 öex in IEls.o in the four Eek © & ä®a Bshälters 11?

lower wall 17 of the inner part 13 may be provided. These Magnets should have such a strength and size that they hold the device on a steel door or the like in which an opening should be cut out.

Let it now be assumed that an emergency has occurred is and in the in Pig. 1 shown steel door 61 in the building wall 62 an opening can be cut out target. For this purpose, a person grabs one of the devices according to the invention and places it on the steel door an »The device is then carried through the inside of the container 11 located magnets 56 held in the desired position. Then the perforated flaps 17a and 17b struck with the fist, whereupon the flaps 17a and 17b in the Pig. 3 open manner shown and have immediate access to the ignition device 34 enable. Then the operator grabs the ignition device and pulls the sheathed fuse on it 32 in full length, which in a typical device can hold about 10 mb. That way you can The operator moves away sufficiently so that the device can be operated safely.

Then the safety pin 52 is removed and the trigger is removed 46 by the same hand that holds the ignition device 34 against the force of the spring 51 actuated so that the Spring 41 can drive the firing pin through the bore 48 and cause the percussion fuse 38 to ignite.

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The percussion fuse 38 in turn brings the fuse for ignition, which in turn ignites the detonator 31. By igniting the detonator 31 ignites the linear shaped explosive charge and cuts through in the same Moment the steel door 61, on which the explosive charge so that a relatively large hole is created through which a man can climb and the building can enter. This whole process only takes a very short time, for example a few minutes, since the The device is lightweight and easy to handle due to its practical size. In addition, the necessary degree of safety is given when operating the device.

When the linear explosive charge is ignited, the high-pressure gases or pressure waves generated in the process are dispersed and dampened by the geometry of the cavities which are formed by the macroscopic air holes within the foam. As a result, the pressure point emanating from the blasting γόη is normalized, the period of time required to deliver the pressure is lengthened and the overpressure in the vicinity of the blasting source is reduced. The plastic foam continues to have the effect that Bruekatücice ₉ which sieve, from the fragmentation of the metallic ilbiuiiiirnumg of the linear explosive charge., Au vex ", " .ngsaauui and the Bru ^ hoiaoka within the foam

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to collect by being caught by it. if and once the foam does happen to be torn into large segments, the foam does a significant job aerodynamic frictional resistance for the fragments embedded in the foam, so that these only be thrown about 1 - 2 m away. Through the um The retaining or carrier material around the foam the tearing of the foam is greatly hindered and the size of the foam fragments is increased, as a result of which in turn, the distance by which these fragments are thrown away becomes smaller. It has been shown that the device from a distance of only 10 m with large Security can be operated.

For the purpose of practicing the invention, other foams can be used instead of the closed cell foam. Closed cell foam is preferred because it does not absorb water as easily as open cell foam. If a foam with open cells is used, it loses its damping properties Έ3Π dursfa. What he would record. It has been shown that an 8e ":. Ä.iHsstoif with sealed cells, which has been foamed to a density ύ ~ λι 96j 1 kp / m," delivers particularly good results. It has also been shown that the louder -. 's the effectiveness at approximately 48 kp / m * ³ and the ^: l: j,; cö Qx-snze at approximately 160 - 240 kp / nr is "Jlei Overnight, -. liÄlia :! d <3s

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If the upper limit value is exceeded, the foam becomes too heavy and its effectiveness as a shock absorber is reduced.

Instead of igniting the linear explosive charge The arrangement shown, other means can also be used. In any case, however, is the use electric detonators near high voltage electric lines undesirable in an emergency. Time detonators can also be undesirable because to move people to and fro within the unfortunate area in a fire.

Another way of attaching the device on a wall is shown in FIG. 6, in which the device is provided with a handle 66. In this A nail or a hook 67 can be driven into the building wall 62 and the device on the handle 67 to be hung on it. Then the device can be used in the manner described to quickly make a hole in to blow up the wall.

The apparatus described can be adapted to have any desired size and size hole Can cut out shape. For example, as FIG. 7 shows, a generally rectangular opening be cut out. I.

Another version of an explosive device for Creation of an exit or entrance opening is in the

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Fig. 8-17 and is particularly suitable for Use on steel roller doors. It is used for cutting out a square opening and is of a suitable size for example 60 χ 60 cm. The opening is cut out by that an upside-down "TJ" is cut out in the steel roller door, which forms a flap that folds down when the device is operated to create the square opening. It is not necessary to make a transverse cut on the steel roller door, as the flap is due to the construction the roller door folds down by itself along the 3? line of a bar of the door.

The one in the Pig. 8-17 shown device has a housing or 'a container 71, which consists of a relatively light and non-splintering material such as polystyrene made in a mold. The housing 71 consists of two parts. One part forms a box 72, while the other part consists of a box Lid 73 consists, both parts are made of polystyrene. The box 72 is made in one piece and has a generally planar bottom wall 76, as can be seen in FIG. Also, the box has 72 at a mutual distance parallel to each other and upwardly projecting side walls 77 and 78, and at a mutual distance from one another parallel upwardly projecting end walls 79 and 81, which with the walls

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77 and 78 are connected to form a rectangular container. Inside the walls 77t 78, 79 and 81 is provided by side walls which are located parallel to one another at a mutual distance 83 and 84 a first or inner compartment 82 is formed. The side walls 83 and 84 are spaced apart parallel to side walls 77 and 78 and to an end wall 86, which runs parallel to the end wall 79 at a distance. The walls 83, 84 and 86 together with the belt wall form 81 the four-sided, first or inner compartment 82.

Between the walls 83, 84 and 86 which form the inner compartment 82 and the walls 77, 78, 79 and 81 which forming the outer walls of the box 72, a U-shaped second or outer compartment 87 is formed. Between Walls 79 and 87 extend at a mutual distance and parallel to each other stiffening walls 88 and 89. The The bottom wall 76 of the box 72 has a TJ-shaped raised portion Section 76a of generally V-shaped cross-section, as best seen in Figs leaves. The raised portion 76a is centered with respect to the portion of the bottom wall which is the outer or second compartment 87 formed. The raised portion 76a is generally U-shaped in plan, corresponding to the compartment 87 corresponds. In the bottom wall 76 below the raised portion 76a is a generally V-shaped in cross-section Recess 91 arranged and also extends over the entire length of the TJ-shaped outer or second compartment

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87. The recess 91 opens outwards to the outside of the bottom wall 76.

A lid 73 has the same shape as the box 72 and "forms a cover for the open side of the Box 72. The lid is provided with devices through which a predetermined cutout 73a of the lid can be broken out without damaging the rest of the lid. For this purpose is located in the cover 73 a recess 94 of generally V-shaped cross-section, as can be seen from -Fig. 10 can be seen. in the In plan, this recess 94 has the shape of a rectangle, as FIG. 9 shows. The recess 94 is in such a Arranged so that the rectangle formed by this overlaps the first or inner compartment 82 and the access to this compartment 82 facilitated. In order to break out of the cutout 73a delimited by the recess 94 facilitate, further recesses 96 and 97 of V-shaped cross-section are on the underside of the cover 73 provided, which are arranged in the shape of an "X" in plan view are, as Fig. 9 showed. In addition, there is a downwardly protruding bead 73b on the cover 73, which also forms a rectangle in plan, the size of which is generally the size of the first or inner one Compartment 82 corresponds, so that the bead 73b inserted in the manner shown in Fig. 10 in the inner compartment can be and thereby the position of the cover 73 on the

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Box 72 specifies «The lid 73 has a plane Outer surface 98 which is generally parallel to the outer surface of the bottom wall 76 of the box 72. As Fig. 8 shows, the lid 73 with a suitable Imprint, by which 'the to be broken out Section 73a is displayed. You can also use hints be attached to the point at which the cover must be pushed in by hand to make the cutouts To break out of 73a «,

Within the recess 91 in the bottom wall 76 of the Box 72 contains a linear-shaped explosive charge 101. As already stated above, this can linear explosive charge of any design and, for example, consist of "Jetcord", which by the U.S. company Explosive Technology, Inc. in Fairfield, Calif, is manufactured and sold. As shown in particular in FIG. 15, this linear-shaped explosive charge consists of a metallic profile piece 102 made of a suitable material such as lead and has a substantially V-shaped or angular cross-section, whereby the explosive effect is concentrated. The open side of the "Y" or of the angle points in the direction in which the cut is to be made. Inside the profile piece 102 is the actual explosive charge 103. The linear explosive charge 101 extends over the entire length the U-shaped recess 91 and is thus below the outer or second compartment 87 of the box

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In a manner corresponding to "in the first exemplary embodiment, a non-electrically operated detonator 106 is provided for igniting the linear explosive charge, which is in engagement with one end of the linear explosive charge 101 in the manner shown in Figure 14. The detonator 106 can by a The detonator 106 and the fuse 107 are located in a recess 108 in the bottom wall of the housing and the recess 108 is led to an opening 109 in the bottom wall 76, through which the fuse 107 13 is guided upwardly into the inner compartment 82 of the box 72. As Fig. 13 shows, a greater length of the sheathed fuse, for example a length of 10 ία within the inner compartment 82 is in the form of the Number "8" rolled up. The end of the fuse 107 is provided with a coupling piece 111, which has a cuff Contains igniter 113, which brings an ignition wire 116 to ignition when an ignition device 114 is triggered. The ignition wire 116 in turn ignites an intermediate charge 117, which in turn ignites the encased fuse 107. The outer E _n de of the coupling member 111 is provided with a thread 118 and the igniter 114 can be screwed onto this thread. The coupling piece 111 at the end of the fuse 107 and the igniter 114 are of

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a slot holder 121 held on the bottom wall 76 of the box 72 is attached. The ignition device 114 has a tube screwed onto the coupling piece 111 122 on. Inside the tube 122 is a firing pin 123 slidably mounted and a pin 124 is at a right angle to this in a slot 126 of the tube inserted and protrudes from this to the outside. On the pin 124 is a button 127 that can be used by the pinger can be held. A spring 128 is located inside the tube and urges the firing pin 123 in the direction of the percussion fuse 1i3o The spring is on a knurled cap 129 attached, which is screwed onto the end of the tube 122. When the button 127 is gripped by hand and thereby the pin 124 is moved out of part of the slot 126, the Feäer can the firing pin 123 in Quickly engage the percussion fuse 113, thereby igniting it.

ι ·

In Fig. 17, a fuse extension 131 is shown, by means of which the explosive device from a greater distance can be ignited. This fuse extension 131 consists of a length of covered fuse 132. The length of the same is chosen so that a more than sufficient distance, for example 30 m for ignition the explosive device according to the invention is available from a greater distance. At one end of the extension 131 is a coupling piece 111, which

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corresponds to the coupling piece already described. That The other end of the extension also has a coupling piece 133 in which the sheathed fuse .132 is attached is. In addition, an intermediate charge 134 is provided through which the ignition wire 136 can be ignited. The ignition wire 136 triggers the percussion fuse 113, which is located on a coupling 137, which is attached to the Coupling piece 111 of fuse 107 is screwed on. The coupling 137 is on the coupling piece 133 by one Snap ring 138 secured. As a result of this structure of the detonation cord extension 131, one or use multiple extensions to allow yourself to be the operator move to a sufficient distance from the explosive device.

The linear explosive charge 101 forms a thin, wedge-shaped energy beam when it is ignited. To this one Exhausting the energy beam in the event that the linear shaped explosive charge 101 is accidentally triggered is one special device provided. This device consists of a comparatively thin wire which extends in the V-shaped recess 142 of the linear explosive charge 1.01 and extends the entire length of the explosive charge * A section of wire 141 is from the Box 72 led out and forms a loop 143 on which is a label 144 with a warning. The warning label 144 says that the wire 141 is completely out of the

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Sch.acb.tel 72 must be pulled out so that he does not have the Formation of a beam prevented by the linear explosive charge. The wire 141 can be made of any number Material. However, it should advantageously have certain properties. For example it should be easily deformable so that it can be easily removed from the recess 142 of the linear explosive charge pull out. In addition, it should have a relatively high density. It has been shown that Lead is particularly well suited for this purpose. It is believed that the wire 141 for the reason the Formation of a beam prevented because the wire 141 is exactly in the line in which the beam would be formed. In addition, the wire 141 serves as a. Shock absorber or dispersant that prevents pressure waves from forming. Hence prevented the wire 141 "that the linear-shaped explosive charge 101 can form a jet. Because the training of the beam is not possible, the linear-shaped explosive charge does not develop a cutting effect either, if it is accidentally should be ignited. '

. . Although in the exemplary embodiment shown here only a single wire 141 is used for the three-sided shaping of the explosive charge 101, can possibly and especially then, when it should be very difficult, wire a wire over to pull out the entire length of the recess 142, one for each side of the cross-sectionally V-shaped explosive charge 101

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separate wire can be used * In this case are then accordingly three places are provided at which the wires can be pulled out of the box 72. A face plate 146 made of a suitable material such as "for example Cardboard is attached to the underside of the bottom wall 76 by suitable means Means such as putty is attached and is used to fix the wire I4I, as well as the linear-shaped explosive charge 101 hold tight.

In the outer or second compartment 87 ″ is a Filler 148, which instead of the previously "described plastic foams made of a relatively light, granular Substance such as vermiculite is made up of »The compartment 87 is shaken when this substance is poured in, so that the compartment is whole is filled with vermiculite and this substance does not settle during the transport of the device and thereby Can form cavities. After the compartment 87 has been filled is, a sheet of cardboard 149 is shown in FIG Way placed inside the compartment 87 over the vermiculite. This layer of cardboard 149 is used to Keep vermiculite within the compartment until the lid 73 by any suitable means such as an adhesive can be attached to the box 72. A handle 151 is attached to the box 72 and consists made of a suitable material such as a 6 mm thick nylon rope. The nylon rope is through openings 152 passed in the walls 88 and the wall 87 and

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the ends of the rope are connected to one another by a metal clip 153. The metal clamp is used to hold the nylon rope to form an endless loop so that it serves as a handle 151.

The Operation and Use of the in the Pig. 8 to 17 shown explosive device to create a The exit or entrance opening should be briefly described. For this purpose it should be assumed that a f Hole should be cut out to provide quick access to a source of fire inside a building which the door is located. The firefighter or other person who used the explosive device brings, carries the same by means of the handle to the place of use and brings a (not shown) to the door Magnet with a hook, whereupon the operator opens the device by means of the handle 151 on the Hooks up. The device must always be in such a position with respect to the door that the faceplate 146 faces the door and is flat on the vertical The surface of the door.

According to a further embodiment, which has already been described, the device can also be equipped with magnets be provided by which it is attached to the door in the appropriate place. Once attached is, the firefighter uses his paust and hits with it on the cutout 73a, on which "here

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press "is noted, as Fig. 8 shows. Thereby," breaks the polystyrene along the line of V-shaped recesses 94, 96 and 97 and provides a rectangular opening 154. The broken cutout can be removed so that the Detonation cord 107 is exposed. Then the ' wire 144 used to prevent jet formation removed, by pulling it out through the loop 143 shown in Fig. 13. Once the wire 141 has been removed is, the coupling piece 111 and the igniter 114 removed from holder 121. It is straightforward possible to pull out the wire 141 "before the device attached to the door. The firefighter then pulls out fuse 107 and goes to one distant point at which he screws the ignition device onto the coupling piece 111.

Fachdem pulled out the fuse 107 in full length has been without pulling the device from the door in which the cut is to be made, the The operator of the device has his back and actuates the ignition device by releasing the ignition bolt. Through this the fuse is ignited in the manner already described and the linear explosive charge ignited brought. This will cut out the desired hole in the roller door. The hole you cut out is located between the two sides and the top of the door, forming a flap that runs along the am

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The closest articulated joint of the roller door folds down, thereby enabling access to the building *

Ss has shown that the one shown in Pig * 8-17 Execution has very special advantages. It differs from the previous version in that that the groove containing the linear-shaped explosive charge 101 * is on the side of the bottom wall 76 and not on the inside is formed. This results in several advantages * For example, it improves training a Y-shaped groove in the outer surface of the bottom wall allows and ensures that the linear shaped explosive charge is arranged in the middle of the filler 148. In addition, this is caused by the linear explosive charge generated beam isolated from filler 148 " This important property prevents the filler from falling down into the recess 142 for the linear-shaped Penetrate explosive charge and reduce the effectiveness of the beam generated by the linear explosive charge can.

It has been found to be used as a filler Vermiculite is particularly effective in capturing the splinters produced during the detonation, as well as the pressure wave and the bang dampens particularly well. The use of a plastic such as polystyrene for the container 71 has also proven itself proven beneficial. This plastic is proportionate inexpensive and then particularly effective * if the

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Density between about 16 - 64 kgf / nr. At this The container has adequate strength and density • splinters "when detonated: the linear-shaped explosive charge does not break into dangerous fragments. This material It is also particularly suitable for scattering pressure waves and popping noises.

The plastic handle has the advantage that it melts when the door on which the Device is located, is heated to red heat. Through this the device falls to the ground and can be put away at a later point in time. Even if the device should be heated very strongly so that it begins to burn, it usually does not explode and just burns down.

Although the device is in the Pig. 8-17 Embodiment of the invention is designed so that the linear explosive charge 101 is only visible on three sides the opening to be cut is located, the device in a simple manner to the effect that the linear explosive charge also runs over the fourth side. In the latter pail, the device can be used to provide an exit or entrance opening or a Ventilation hole in a brickwork, wood, meball, mortar, etc. cut out. It is particularly suitable for making ventilation holes in roofs and the like.

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direction, a hole can be cut very quickly in a roof, by simply throwing the device onto the roof from a ladder or lifting platform. This will be first of all the wire HI, which is used to prevent the formation of rays, is pulled out, and then the weakened section 73a of the front broken out. Next, the fuse 107 is taken out. By using the fuse I07 is held with one hand, the device can then be thrown onto the roof. Palis the device in reverse If it arrives on the roof, let them pull the fuse down so that they are back on the roof can be thrown until it rests with the correct side on the roof. As soon as the device is on the roof is in the correct position, the ignition device is connected, whereupon the device in the already described Way can be operated to quickly cut a hole in the roof.

If it is impossible for a firefighter to get close enough to the roof to put the device in To bring the correct position, the device can also be attached to the end of an extension ladder, by means of which the device is brought into the correct position. In this case a fuse extension 131 is used, to ignite the device and cut a hole in the roof, eliminating any danger to the firefighters is.

- ¹⁵ JO - S09882 / 1320

T932367

Another execution of a to create a starting point or entrance opening serving blasting device is in the pig. 18-23. This execution exists also from a container 161, which, however, in contrast to the rectangular shape of the container 71 of the preceding Execution has a circular shape · The container 161 consists of a box 162 and a Lids 163, both made of a suitable material such as molded polystyrene »The box has a bottom wall 164 and an annular side wall 166. A circular upright wall 168, which is formed in one piece with the bottom wall 164, forms a central chamber 167 within the box 162. In this way, between the wall 168 and the Sidewall 166 forms an annular, outer compartment 169. A linear-shaped explosive charge 171 is located in a Recess 172 on the outside of the bottom wall 164. The recess 172 is in a raised portion 164a of the Bottom wall formed. The linear-shaped explosive charge 171 is formed in the manner described above and provided with a wire 173 which serves to prevent the formation of a jet. One made from a fiber material Existing faceplate 174 is attached to the rear surface of bottom wall 164 and serves to support wire 173 and to hold the linear explosive charge 171 ”. A loop 176 is formed at the end of the wire 173 and carries a label 177 with a warning, "The linear

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19323S7

shaped explosive charge 171 is continuously formed and has the shape of a circle that extends below the center of the outer compartment 169 of the box 162 "is located.

Again, there is an ignition device of the linear explosive charge I7I and is the ■ Similar door directions already described. she consists from a detonator 178, which is located in a recess 179 of an insert 181, which is in one piece with the inner side wall 168 and the bottom wall 164 is formed. The detonator is through the opening 182 (see FIg. 22) and is in direct contact with the linear explosive charge, as shown in FIG. 20. The detonator is covered with a sheathed fuse 183 connected, which is also located within the recess 179 and led out upward via the chamber 167 is. A filler 186 such as vermiculite is located in the annular outer compartment. 169 and fills this all off. A layer of cardboard 187 is inserted into the box 162 flush with the top of the wall 168 and rests on an annular shoulder 188 of the side wall 166. This layer of cardboard 187 serves to prevent the vermiculite from falling out. The trigger 183 is over the cardboard layer 187 led out and within a room 189 above the cardboard layer 187 in that shown in FIG Way laid out in a loop. The loops of the cord are made by suitable means such as Tape strip 191 held in place. The cord is with one.

909802/1320 -? ² -

Coupling piece 192 provided which the coupling piece 111 corresponds and is fastened in a slot holder 193, .which in turn is connected to the cardboard layer 187. The holder 193 also carries an ignition device 194, which is identical to the ignition device 114.

The lid 163 is cemented to the box 162 and has a weakened portion 163a formed by a circular, / V-shaped slot 196 and two diametrically extending slots 197 and 198 is formed, which a Form a cross, which makes it easier to break out the weakened section. In addition, the lid has a circular reinforcement section directed downwards 163b, which serves on the one hand to reinforce the opening 199, which through. Breaking out of the weakened section 163a arises, as well as on the other hand serves the situation of the lid on the box 162.

Furthermore, a handle 201 is provided for carrying and hanging up the device. The handle is made made of a suitable material, such as a nylon rope, through holes 202 in stiffening projections 203 is passed through, which is in one piece ait the side wall 166 are formed. The sins of nylon rope are connected to one another by a bracket 204.

The in the lig. 18-23 device shown is ■ operated in essentially the same way as the

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above described versions. For this purpose, the Device attached to the wall or surface in which an opening is to be cut out. From the The shape of the linear explosive charge can be seen that a circular section is obtained. Typically, the hole cut by this device is 30.5 cm in diameter. This hole allows a jet of water to be sprayed through a wall Masonry, mortar, metal or wood or enables a steel fire door to be unlocked from the inside. The in fig. 18-23 shown Device is intended to create a small opening. This device can be modified accordingly or use the device described below to create larger openings if necessary.

The apparatus of Figures 18-23, however, has an additional feature not found in the embodiments described above. This feature consists in the arrangement of a central chamber 167 which is designed so that it can accommodate an additional explosive charge. Such an additional explosive charge may be desirable in cases where a hole is in a relatively thick wall or in a concrete wall should be cut out. For this purpose, a plate-shaped explosive charge 206 is typically placed on the ground

- 34 -909882/1320

of chamber 167 located after the weakened portion 163a has been removed from the lid 163 and after the fuse 183 has been taken out. A fuse extension 207, with a detonator at one end and an impact fuse and an intermediate charge at the other end and corresponds to the extension already described, is used in the in 71g. 20 illustrated manner with of the plate-shaped explosive charge '206. The extension 207 is led out of the chamber and into a Recess 208 inserted, which is in a further insert 209 is located, from the wall 168 radially outward leads. The fuse extension 207 is then through a Opening (not shown) similar to opening 182 passed through and in contact with the linear one Blasting charge 171 brought. Therefore, when the linear-shaped explosive charge is ignited, it is simultaneously also detonated the fuse extension 207 and detonates the plate-shaped explosive charge 206, creating a middle Overpressure point is created, which significantly improves the cutting of the hole in a thick tusk or concrete wall will.

Another execution of a to create a starting point or entrance opening serving blasting device is in the pig. 25 and 26 and consists of a straight line Contraption. The device 211 consists of a housing or container 212. The housing or the loading

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'■ -— · ^; -35-

holder 211 consists of a box 213 and a lid 214 The box is rectangular in shape and has a bottom wall 216, side walls 217 and 213 arranged parallel to one another at a mutual distance and end walls 219 and 221 arranged parallel to one another at a mutual distance, through which an elongated compartment 222 is formed. The bottom wall has a raised section 216 a) in the middle, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the box and has a recess for receiving a linear explosive charge 223. This recess is open towards the underside of the bottom wall 216. Within the open ^M Y ^{H of} the explosive charge 223 there is a wire 224 in the manner already described, which serves to prevent the formation of a beam. The wire has a loop 226 with a tag on it. A fibrous end plate 228 is attached to the underside of the bottom wall 216 and holds the wire 224 and the linear explosive charge * 223 within the recess in the bottom wall. Inside the compartment 222 is a filler 231 made of a suitable material, such as vermiculite. The lid 214 covers the open side of the box 213 in the manner shown in Figures 25 and 26 and is secured, for example by means of an adhesive, so that the filler 231 is enclosed within the box. The box 213 and the lid 214 can be made of polystyrene, just as in the preceding explanations.

909882/1320 ~ ³⁶ "

■ '} ■: \ ·' ■ 1 '* v » "i' J -i

The device used to ignite the linear explosive charge consists of a detonator 232 which in turn can be ignited by a sheathed fuse. Detonator and fuse are inside - Half of a recess in the bottom wall and stand with the one end of the linear-shaped explosive charge 223 in connection. A coupling piece 234 is at the outermost one End of the detonating cord 233 and serves to accommodate an ignition device 236 of the embodiment described above.

The device shown in Figures 25 and 26 can be made in any length. For example, it can be made in lengths of 0.6, 1.2, 1.8 and 2.4 m which can be combined to form a large, rectangular opening of, for example, 2.4 m in length and 1.2 m wide or cut out in any other size - «- those obtained by using the various combinations of the devices illustrated in FIGS 211 can be achieved. '

Instead of the one in the Pig. 25 and 26 shown rectangular shape, the device can also provide a Housing or container are produced, the or «the one semicircular «;; Has shape and the bottom shelf of the iial circular text. Housing closed by a cover who carries the mnear-shaped explosive charge »

The operation and use of the device shown in the Pig · 25 w & ü should be explained in FIG. 24.

will. To this end, it is assumed that a large hole, the size of ", for example, 2.4 x 0.6 m, is to be cut in the roof of a burning building in order to ventilate the building. For this purpose the devices 211 are generally used in pairs. 24, two of the devices 211, which are 2.4 m long, are placed parallel to one another on the roof of the building, and the two detonating cords 233 are inserted into a quick coupling 237 which in turn is connected to a detonating cord extension 238 of the embodiment described An ignition device 236 is then attached to the end of the extension cord. Once the operator has withdrawn to a safe distance, the ignition device 236 can be actuated to ignite the fuse extension 238, fuses 233, and devices 211 two mutually parallel cuts are formed in one direction on the roof for both devices 211. According to Au In order to carry out these cuts, two further devices 211, which have a length of 0.6 m, are placed over the ends of the cuts already made in the roof and connected to an ignition device 236 in the same way as the first pair of devices. Then the operator blows up the two further devices 211, whereby two further cuts are created at a right angle to the cuts already present in the roof. This creates a complete rectangle so that the cut out

909332/1320

- 38 -

. ■ - 38 -

Roof section can fall inwards and the roof is ventilated. When the operator does the latter two Attaches devices 211, you must ensure that the cuts made by the two devices 211 overlay the cuts that have already been made so that the roof section to be cut is replaced by a continuous one Cut and can fall inwards after the last two cuts have been made. '

As can be seen from the foregoing, a very useful arrangement consists of one Pair of straight gate directions 211, their coated fuses are connected with a single coupling piece and can be recovered by a single ignition device. As a result, the arrangement can be very quickly into the Bring the situation, internally only the two arrangements aligned parallel to each other and then made to ignite, creating two elongated cuts. To create the opening, another pair of devices is then used to cut through the existing cuts to connect two more cuts together.

To facilitate the use of the components used to create an output or input port devices see below, it is desirable and almost mandatory that these devices obtain a classification _s which corresponds for example US-class C of the Bureau of Explosive regulations. Because of this classification, the Tersand

909882/1320

- 39 -

The gate directionexi is carried out in the same way as above firearm ammunition and the devices can be transported by normal means of transport "Ia the Pig" 27 and packaging is shown ₉ which is used to transport the explosive device used to create an exit or entrance opening, see above that these gate directions fall into the previously mentioned Hasse G® Two explosive devices 24 "!» which may correspond to any of the above-described embodiments and "correspond, for example, to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-17, are used in the Jig. 27 and 28 packed together to form a unit. Each blasting device 241 is in its own shipping carton or box 242. Each box 242 consists of a bottom section 243 and a top section 244. Each section has a bottom wall and upright side walls so that the two sections can be pushed into one another As Pig. 28 shows. In the vicinity of the bottom or the cutting side of the device 241, there is a shock-absorbing padding 246 suitable for a material such as polystyrene aassea seal © approx. 16 kp / m and which has a diameter of about 1 ₉ 2 em has "Bsi inserted padding overlay look oils sidewall © i © rl ^ ifiea sections 243 uaä 244 practically ütBT itea ganse Msg @ ₀ Bi ®

Afeselmitt «243 ianä 244 are ia gseigpetGi ¹ Ifeis © aitverb« ne «si _a vta feelsplelsweis © iiagök eiaea

^r OSSi2 / 1320

Paper strip en 247 *

After the devices 241 have been packed in the corrugated boxes or containers 242, the two boxes 242 are placed one on top of the other in such a manner that the bottom or cutting sides of the two devices 241 face each other. In other words, the tendon sides of the two devices 241 are thus side by side * are Here behold the zwe Yerhinderung the Strahlausbildiing serving wires in the devices 241 * so that in case of accidental ignition of a Torriehtang 241 the other ¥ orrichtung can not be also ignited "

The two "boxes 242 are placed in a large * outer third! transport container or a box 25'1 is used, which also consists of two sections 252 and 253 exists. Each section 252, 253 has one Bottom wall and upright cross winds, the two sections being designed so that they are in the be pushed into one another as shown in FIG. 2B can. Here too, the side walls of the sections overlap 252 and 253 over the entire length. The two sections 252 and 253 are in a suitable manner such as for example by means of a fiber tape strip 254 with each other tied together.

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The boxes 242 and the shipping container 251 are made of a fiber material, which corresponds to the container classification 12 H of the ICO.

The packaging shown in FIGS. 27 and 20 provides sufficient protection so that in the event of an accidental ignition of a device, no major damage occurs to neighboring objects. As a result of the above-described structure of the devices i and as a result of the packaging material used for shipping the devices, no fatal splinters can arise in the event of such an accident. The structure of the boxes, made of fiber, also provides effective splinter protection. Experiments have shown that "if the devices are thrown into a fire, they will not explode, but will only burn. Even if the devices are run over by a heavy truck, they will not explode." Likewise, none will The device will explode if bullets are shot at or dropped, and the device can withstand relatively high temperatures before it starts to burn, so the device can be used on any surface heated to a temperature of 430 ° C Even at the highest temperature, the device only begins to burn after several minutes, so that there is sufficient time to

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to ^bring: the device in the desired position and £ Jntzündung.

The rectilinear device shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 can be ready for dispatch in a corresponding manner be packaged with the cutting surfaces facing each other. When the-rectilinear devices in cross-section are semicircular, two of the devices can be combined and easily in one Bring circular tube to shipping.

In all the embodiments described above, the filler is located directly in the compartment behind the linear explosive charge. If necessary, however, the filler can also be filled into elongated plastic bags which are inserted into the compartment. This has the advantage that the bags hold the filler together so that it cannot spread within the device. Such a procedure is particularly advantageous for the manufacture of the devices.

As the description shows, has been provided by the invention an explosive device that can be used in a quick and easy way to create an input or Aueganges to a building or the like.. It is particularly suitable for fire fighting ^ and other emergencies. The device according to the invention is and can be made relatively simple and inexpensive

- 43 -909882/1320

can also be used by inexperienced persons *

The device can be made in many forms and is therefore suitable for cutting holes every any shape and size. Their use is in many ways dangerous places possible without the operator and people be endangered. Due to its versatility, the device can also be used as a tool for violent use Denote opening,

. - -. · 53 ·. · ■ ..- <claims

909882/1320 " ^:: " ^: " ⁴⁴ '

Claims (10)

- 44 claims (i.j explosive device to create an opening, in particular an exit or entrance opening in one wall-shaped structure with an exposed surface, characterized by a container (11, 71, 161, 212) a relatively light, essentially non-splintering one Material with a flat outside (17, 146, 174, 228) which can be brought into engagement with the exposed surface of the wall-shaped structure (61, 62), in which the opening is to be cut out, one located in the container near the flat outside linear explosive charge (21, 101, 171, 223) which runs along at least part of the line which at least forms part of the circumference of the opening in the wall-shaped Structure to be cut out, and by one in the container on the back of the linear-shaped explosive charge located elastic filler (26, 148, 186, 231). 2. "Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the container is on the rear of the linear explosive charge is provided with a compartment (87, 169) for receiving the filler. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the filler consists of a porous material in the manner of Vermiculite exists. - - -45 ■ - 909882/1320 4. Device according to. Claim 1, characterized in that that a safety device is arranged on the linear explosive charge, which is used to train to prevent a beam through the linear explosive charge. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the linear-shaped explosive charge-shaped V is formed in cross-section substantially in the longitudinal direction having the shape of an open "V", and the securing device consists of a "located within the open ¹¹ V wire (141 , 173, 224). 6o device according to claim 5 »characterized in that that the wire with a serving for easy removal of the wire from the linear explosive charge device (143, 176, 226) is provided. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that i that the linear explosive charge (223) is arranged along a substantially straight line. 8. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that devices for the ignition (32, 107, 183, 233; 34, 114, 194, 236) of the linear-shaped explosive charge are provided, and the container has a space (28, 82, 189) for. Has recording of these devices. - 46 90988271320 ... '■■' - 45 - 9. Apparatus according to claim o, characterized in that that the container with a weakened .abschnitt (17a, 17b; 73a; 163a), which is provided for the purpose of access to the ignition device for the linear explosive charge. or can be broken away. 10. A method for producing an opening, in particular an exit or entrance in a wall-shaped structure with an exposed surface by means of elongated explosive devices according to one of the claims 1-9, characterized in that a pair of the elongated devices are applied to the exposed surface of the wall-shaped Structure is put on and blown up to two elongated slots in the wall-shaped structure cut out, and then another pair of elongated devices to form an opening in the wall-shaped structure (211) at a mutual distance and parallel to one another at a substantially right angle to the slots cut out in the wall-shaped structure is placed on the surface of the wall-shaped structure and caused to detonate in the wall-shaped structure cut out two more slits that cut the slits previously cut out in the wall-shaped structure. 909882/1320 Empty soap