EP1676091B1 - Pyrotechnical system, pyrotechnical object and firing method - Google Patents

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a pyrotechnic system, system-compatible pyrotechnic articles and a system adapted to the burning process.

State of the art

It is generally known to ignite a plurality of pyrotechnic articles in succession or, if appropriate, at the same time.

Generally, a construction is preferred in which a finite number of launch tubes combined to form a package, the individual launch tubes each with ignition aids (fuses) connected to each other and filled with effect sets or ejection rates. These so-called cake boxes or fireworks batteries are offered in prefabricated version. The most important disadvantage of this solution is the choreography and effect sequence specified by the manufacturer, which can not be changed. Furthermore, it is known that the ignition system of such cake boxes is unreliable and the fireworks come to a standstill when extinguishing the internally processed fuses. Furthermore, it can never be ruled out that the burn-up process will resume after exposure, whereby the safety is not guaranteed. Another disadvantage is that the cake box remains as a residue and is not reusable. A major safety disadvantage of the Cake Box is that it fires the effects in any position and location, as well as after falling over, destruction by jamming or standing upside down.

Professionally organized fireworks regularly use starting devices to produce their own effect sequence in place of said cake boxes, in which a finite number of starting tubes is first equipped with an ignition system consisting of several sections of fuses and / or - litzen, then filled the discharge rate in the form of powder and Finally, the effect and possibly supplementary delay rates are introduced.

This method requires a considerable manufacturing effort, since the timing of the ignition system must first be ensured by selecting the type and length of fuses and at the same time the ignition safety. When filling the starting tubes with powder, omissions and / or multiple fillings of individual start tubes can occur and thus disruptions of the process or even accidents. The powder used for ejection may be carried only in limited quantities in vehicles, so that in large fireworks the total amount may have to be divided into several subsets and thus on several transport vehicles or dangerous goods transports are required. In addition, such systems are not resistant to moisture and therefore require additional protective measures under appropriate weather conditions. Another problem is the large number of available pyrotechnic articles that require a variety of different starting devices due to different dimensions and designs. Due to the extensive use of fuses such a device is unreliable. The ignition process can also come to a standstill as a breakdown is wholly or partially possible. The desired choreography is sometimes impossible to achieve. Such fireworks can only be prepared and burned by qualified personnel. Nevertheless, the reliability and safety is inadequate and the cost is enormous.

After a proposal in the French patent FR 2 715 998 A A system according to the preamble of independent claim 1, which is intended to meet the requirements for professional fireworks to be held in that a starting device is used, consisting of a base member and attachable starting tubes, which can be combined differently with each other. The ignition takes place via a slow burning fuse located in a central bore which passes through all base components. According to another proposal, the ignition should also be able to be done by means of additionally introduced in the continuous bore delay sets or electrically. Between the continuous bore and the launch tubes, a connecting opening is provided in each case, so that the burning fuse has connection with the fuses of the ejection sets and can ignite them.

The disadvantages of ignition by means of fuses also exist in this invention. At the same time, compliance with a particular choreography is purchased at a considerable expense through special delay rates.

The above-described disadvantages in terms of ignition safety to a proposal in DE 694 25 924 D2 be reduced by an articulated ignition system. At the same time, the material expenditure increases enormously.

One way to fire several missiles simultaneously or at predetermined time intervals in succession is through the use of a so-called ring ignition, as in the German utility model DE 92 16 456 U1 described. Here a finite number of stick rockets is arranged in a collecting container and is started at the same time from this. The shortcomings of using fuses are still present. A choreography can not be achieved, and combustion gases from a launching rocket overlay the ignition system, firing all the missiles simultaneously.

The demand for designing a particular choreography of a fireworks is according to a proposal from the European patent EP 06 20 910 A1 been implemented. This concerns a starting device in which pyrotechnic effects and / or objects are ejected and controlled remotely by program-controlled use of compressed air for the ejection of the same. This results in a low output level. An increase in the amount of air or the air pressure to increase the discharge would increase cause considerable background noise, which in turn disturb the overall impression of the fireworks. The used starting device, the necessary electronic control and the adapted, remotely ignited pyrotechnic articles significantly increase the cost of this solution. This system is also localized or transportable only with enormous effort.

The inventor has in the German utility model DE 299 07 236 U1 It has already been proposed to start a number of rockets in succession in that the first ignited rocket directs a portion of the combustion gases produced during startup via a channel into a rocket located in adjacent support and to its detonating cord, thereby igniting it. However, this solution is also unsuitable for professionally organized fireworks. On the one hand, rockets are always available only in a certain combination of effect sets. The trajectory of missiles can not be practically predetermined. The same applies to their altitude. Even an individual definition of the start intervals (ignition delay) is not possible with this system, since these are already given by the structure of the rocket. Likewise, certain pyrotechnic effects, such as fire pots or comets, are not feasible with this system.

The overflow of hot combustion gases in channels is also known from delay sets used, for example, in signal rockets. Such delay sets are in DE 19 56 872 B and DE 24 04 870 C2 described. However, their construction is extremely costly and a use in pyrotechnic objects for fireworks already excluded. Furthermore, the arrangements proposed in the above-mentioned documents are only suitable for functioning within a system of a signal rocket. The delay sets are an integral part of the pyrotechnic effect (the rocket) and have no influence on its start delay. The user has no possibility to decide on an individual ignition delay immediately before use.

The successive firing of multiple ejection charges by the combustion gases of the previously fired ejection charge using overflow channels is also apparent from the document CH 71 820 A known. In this case, the preceding ejection rate generates the heat of reaction required for the ignition and the next following ejection set is ignited immediately. With regard to the time sequence and the ignition speed, the overflow channels have no influence. In addition, the overflow must be filled with propellant charge, which also shows the drawing. It can only be achieved with such an arrangement that a certain number of ejection sets can be ignited almost simultaneously.

After a proposal in DE 198 44 528 A1 should be laid in a base, a fuse over which openings at predetermined locations and in the vicinity of the openings for pyrotechnic articles are arranged. In this way, with a fuse and its combustion energy via the openings in the base to ignite the pyrotechnic objects. This solution allows a juxtaposition of launch tubes and their successive ignition by the burning fuse, but the firing order is determined exclusively by the fuse. The above-described disadvantages of using a fuse also exist here.

After a proposal in the Japanese Utility Model Application JP 2001 021 295 A the ignition of a pyrotechnic article can also be done electrically. The production of a corresponding fireworks battery requires that at the place of burning electrical energy is available. Furthermore, it requires for controlling the individual launching device each of an electrical or electronic control unit.

After a proposal in US 6,393,990 B1 It is also possible to carry out individual components of fireworks batteries, each uniting a number of launch tubes. The connection between each other should be done by dovetail guides. It is further proposed an electrical ignition system for which additional fasteners must be provided. Here are the same disadvantages as described above.

After a proposal in DE 100 34 579 A1 should a so-called cake box be designed so that parts of the packaging are issued by moving sideways and zoom when burning the floor space. It is not ensured that the sliding piece remains in its position after unfolding the packaging. Furthermore, a fixation on the ground is not possible even after this proposal.

None of the solutions described above can ensure a termination of the ignition sequence in the case of misfires. Furthermore, these starting devices can not be refilled immediately and a re-start process can be initiated, as far as they are even reusable.

Object of the invention

The invention has the object to propose a pyrotechnic system that can be easily and easily adapted to the requirements of professional fireworks, works with system-compatible pyrotechnic articles, adapted to a wide range of requirements of fireworks to be hosted and can be easily and simply and inexpensively manufactured all Reliability and safety requirements is met, is independent of location and in which the user is able, even shortly before use set ignition intervals and / or choreography individually and if necessary, without much effort to change again.

The invention further relates to a combustion method for the pyrotechnic system.

Essence of the invention

The essence of the invention results from the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 for the system and for the combustion method according to the features of the characterizing part of claim 33 respectively in conjunction with the features of the preambles and from the description. Subclaims describe advantageous developments. Embodiments and drawings reflect preferred embodiments on the filing date and do not limit the invention.

The invention is initially based on the recognition that, when using appropriately designed pyrotechnic articles, a continuous ignition of respectively adjacent pyrotechnic articles with combustion gases of an ignition agent is possible. The invention further proceeds from the recognition that the quantities of powder used in professional fireworks should be replaced in bulk by precisely measured amounts of powder and pyrotechnic articles prepared therewith. This can avoid missing ejection charges or overcharging of start tubes. The parameters of such pyrotechnic articles are within narrow limits and this run in series. Furthermore, such a prefabricated pyrotechnic article can be produced with any technically possible effect set, if appropriate with additional delay sets and in various sizes.

According to the invention, a system-compatible means for receiving the pyrotechnic articles according to the invention is first of all provided. This consists at least of a first recording and one of these associated second recording. The recordings are dimensioned so that they can accommodate the respective pyrotechnic articles and fix existing safety standards accordingly. They can also be designed as a launch tube, as a firing channel or provided with a start rail.

In the simplest form, it is cylindrical recordings at a height which corresponds approximately to the height of the pyrotechnic articles to be introduced. First and second recording are preferably firmly connected. This can be done by composite material composite or by external, enveloping components.

The first receptacle has laterally a first opening through which the ignition of the pyrotechnic article in the receptacle takes place. Preferably, a portion of a fuse is used as the first ignition means.

The first receptacle has in an elevated position, that is, at a distance from the bottom surface thereof, an ignition energy transmitting means which enables a portion of the energy released upon ignition of the pyrotechnic article in the first receptacle to be absorbed by that means to conduct the second shot and ignite the pyrotechnic article located there. The distance to be selected to the bottom surface of the recordings is dependent on the size of the pyrotechnic articles and the position of the ignition means on the one hand and on the other hand the need to ensure a safe footing in the recordings to the ignition or shooting down. If system-compatible pyrotechnic articles with different heights are to be ignited from a receptacle, several transmission means can also be arranged at different altitudes.

For the transmission means, the execution of a bore or a channel is preferred so that combustion gases can penetrate directly into the adjacent recording. As will be shown below, the transmission means may be formed of several parts.

In order to achieve a multiple ignition, a finite number of shots can be strung together, with each one a first shot and then the necessary number of second shots is strung together. It is also possible to combine a plurality of first images with each other, since these differ from the second images only by the additional arrangement of a first opening for the first ignition means. In such a case, there is also the possibility of a battery more than a sequence To ignite pyrotechnic articles, the respective sequence is ignited manually by igniting the introduced fuse.

It is also possible to provide a first or second receptacle with more than one transfer means so that the pyrotechnic articles located in two or more receptacles are likewise ignited by their ignition energy.

Professionally executed fireworks require variable adjustments. In this case, a means for receiving pyrotechnic articles is preferred according to the invention, in which a first recording with a number of first and / or second recordings materially connected and the same then combining by positive engagement means combined with another arrangement of the same kind or an arrangement consisting exclusively of second recordings can be. The corresponding fastening elements can be integrally formed material or be executed by additional components such as clamping frames, brackets, screw and the like. This makes it possible to produce an almost arbitrarily large battery of shots.

It is advantageous to produce the individual arrangements / units by prototyping and simultaneous formation of the connecting elements, such as by injection or metal casting. The generally preferred embodiment of the units consists of an injection molded part with integrally formed on the recordings tabs, these tabs form and dimensionally compatible fasteners, preferably pins and holes form.

The battery according to the invention, consisting of a number of individual arrangements / units for pyrotechnic articles, is preferably fixed by additional elements, such as pegs, on the pad and so can neither tilt nor slip.

The pyrotechnic articles according to the invention consist of structural units which contain at least one ignition and one effect set. Depending on Requirement, such a pyrotechnic article may also be supplemented by a delay set, contain multiple sets of effects or record means that keep a fired effect set floating for a long time. The structural unit of a pyrotechnic article according to the invention generally consists of a housing which is dimensionally compatible with the receptacles and which preferably consists of environmentally friendly material, such as cardboard or paper. The housing is closed on all sides and takes in its upper part of the effect set, while placed in the lower part of the ignition and / or ejection set. It is preferably made of easily combustible and / or peatable materials, so that virtually no residues remain after burning.

At a distance from the bottom surface of the pyrotechnic article, an igniter is externally applied to the housing. Preferably, the ignition means is applied in the same height, which has the transmission means for ignition energy present in the recordings. This ensures that the ignition energy acts optimally on the ignition means of the pyrotechnic articles.

The ignition means applied to the housings of the pyrotechnic articles is present over the entire circumference of the housings. When ignited, therefore, a flame front runs around the case. It is irrelevant whether such housing are cylindrical or with other cross-sectional shapes.

The ignition means applied to the housing consists of a substance mixture which ignites with sufficient certainty, the burning speed of which can be adjusted within a wide range, generates a sufficient heat of ignition of the pyrotechnic articles and the rest of the ignition for another pyrotechnic article in adjacent Provides recordings required energy surpluses. Preference is given to a mixture of black powder, binder and, if appropriate, admixtures which influence the burning rate and / or heat of reaction and / or evolution of gas of the mixture.

It has been found that, depending on the size of the housing and parameters of the ignition means, burning times can be achieved for half the circumference of the housing are that allow a time interval ≥ 0 s. It is also possible to provide individual or multiple recordings with items that contain an ignition means only on the housing, but no pyrotechnic sentences. Thus, a propagation of the ignition and at the same time a multiplication of the time intervals can be achieved, wherein the next pyrotechnic article is arranged only in a subsequent recording thereafter.

If the pyrotechnic article located in a first receptacle is ignited using a first ignition means, that is to say a detonating cord, initially only the igniter coating applied to the outside of the housing ignites. Its flame front runs around the housing and reaches the transmission means to the adjacent second recording, so that the combustion gases penetrate into the second recording and ignites the ignition means of a pyrotechnic article stored there. This process can be repeated or repeated as often as desired, the sequence of which ultimately being limited by the number of interconnected receptacles and the number of pyrotechnic articles stored therein. If there is no pyrotechnic article in a receptacle or if its ignition means does not ignite, the process comes to a standstill. If the ignition means of the pyrotechnic article ignites, but not the same, the process continues and the relevant pyrotechnic article remains in its receptacle. In this case, only one effect in the choreography has not occurred. If the process of ignition stops, it is ensured that the ignition process does not revive as compared to the ignition devices used previously. An unillustrated battery or non-ignited pyrotechnic article may be safely deflated or removed or re-ignited.

Below the ignition lining on the housing of a pyrotechnic article is a diverting means, preferably a fuse or cord, which directs the ignition spark to an ignition charge inside the housing. The diverting means can also be designed as a foil strip with an applied ignition means or in an ignitable coating within the housing. If the ignition coating arranged on the outside of the housing is ignited, its ignition also takes place via the ignition of the forwarding means and via the same the ignition of the ignition and / or ejection rate, which may be preceded by a delay set.

For the sequence of ignition, the location of the upper end of the forwarding means relative to the transfer means to the adjacent seat is critical.

If the upper end of the advancing means lies directly at the entrance of the transmission means, the advancing means is ignited together with the external ignition means. If the pyrotechnic article is inserted in such a way that the upper end of the advancing means is rotated by an angle with respect to the inlet opening of the transmission means, the advancing means is ignited only when the flame front of the external ignition means has reached the upper end thereof. This possibility can be used in particular by deliberately twisted insertion of the pyrotechnic articles, with preferred angles of rotation being 90 ° and 180 °. In a pyrotechnic article used rotated by 90 ° results in a first time interval, which doubles at a twist angle of 180 °.

By combining pyrotechnic articles with different burning speeds of the external ignition means with variable positions with respect to the rotation angle different ignition intervals can be achieved, with a noticeable minimum at a few tenths of a second. Ignition intervals up to several seconds are also achievable.

The pyrotechnic article according to the invention consists of a structural unit which contains in a housing the necessary elements for ignition, optionally ejection and for the desired effects. The housing is in one piece and preferably made of pollutant-free and easily decomposable materials, such as cardboard or paper. Preferably, the housing is cup-shaped and the upper end mostly designed to be tightly closed, while the lower end is thin-walled, for example by a paper or foil layer. As described above, located on the outside of the housing at a distance from the bottom surface of an ignition means. The same is about a fuse, cord, foil or pad which is preferably run within the housing and have only one contact area to the outside igniter, connected to another pyrotechnic set. The lower end of the diverting means is connected to either a deceleration or directly to the ignition or discharge set. When the external igniter is ignited anywhere in the circumference of the housing, a flame front passes around the housing, the diverter directing the ignition into the interior of the pyrotechnic article to the corresponding connected set. Depending on the combination of sets, the pyrotechnic article is simply ignited and a near-surface effect (fountain) is shown, or the article is ejected and conveyed to a predetermined height before the set of effects ignites.

The pyrotechnic articles thus produced can be produced according to certain dimensions and in certain combinations of sentences. In the performance of fireworks can then be made according to a choreography from the existing range of an appropriate selection.

Another embodiment of the pyrotechnic article according to the invention consists of a two-part housing. The upper case receives the effect set and possibly a delay set. The lower housing contains the ignition and / or the ejection and / or a delay set. Upper and lower housing are dimensionally equal in cross section and can be glued together butt. The external ignition means is preferably arranged on the lower housing, so that the propagation means can also already be introduced in the prepared sub-parts.

An embodiment of these pyrotechnic articles uses instead of or in addition to the adhesive bond, a band which circulates in the region of the interface. This has the advantage that the breaking force between upper and lower housing is increased and the ejection rate can work more effectively. Another embodiment of the pyrotechnic article also employs a two-part housing, wherein the upper housing is dimensioned to fit within the lower housing. The diverting means can be inserted between the two housings, while the external ignition means can be arranged, for example, in the transition region of both housing parts and can form a fillet weld there.

Both embodiments described above offer the possibility of production as prefabricated components. However, it is also possible to offer both housing parts in prefabricated form separately, so that users can produce the required combination between effect and ejection rate itself.

The generally preferred embodiment of the three pyrotechnic articles described above is prefabricated and has a moisture-resistant outer cover. This consists of a material that increases the required ignition energy only insignificantly and is penetrated by combustion gases without time delay. Again, preferably, this is a coating of a thin, flammable plastic film or paint.

Thus equipped pyrotechnic articles can be offered in a ready-made form and users have the ability to load the recording means according to the requirements quickly and to accomplish the desired choreography of the fireworks by targeted selection and use of various pyrotechnic articles.

A further preferred embodiment uses in the pyrotechnic articles described above, an external label, which indicates the location of the propagation means within the assembly and / or achievable by twisting delay times, so that the user can influence the choreography by deliberately filling the images.

The firing method consists in that in a first step, a structural unit of the receiving means is set up and fixed on a base, for example the ground. The fixation can be done with pegs.

In a preceding step, a plurality of units of the receiving means can be combined with each other, either on the units existing elements to ensure the backstop or additional elements are used for the bracing.

If the number of receptacles required for the intended fireworks has been achieved by combination of structural units and the overall arrangement is fixed, an igniter, preferably a detonating cord, is inserted into the first opening of the first receptacle. In a subsequent step, the first receptacle is filled with a pyrotechnic article, wherein by adjusting the angle of rotation, the time interval for the ignition of the same is determined. This time interval has no meaning for the choreography of the fireworks.

In a subsequent step all bearings following the first bearing are each filled with the required and selected pyrotechnic articles. In this case, the time interval between two ignitions is determined by turning and optionally by an upstream choice of a certain type of pyrotechnic article, the pyrotechnic objects slip by releasing in the predetermined position in the recordings.

Another step is the ignition of the arranged in the first recording ignition in a known manner.

Another embodiment of the burn-off method is that pyrotechnic articles are produced by combining effect and ignition or ejection sets in upstream working steps.

Another embodiment of the method is that within an array of recordings two independent Abbrennprozesse be performed. This is possible, for example, by not recording within the linked by transmission means recordings is filled while the next following filled receptacle is again ignited with a first ignition means, that is a fuse or - litze, from the outside.

The pyrotechnic system according to the invention has the particular advantage that it uses a starting device that is permanently, arbitrarily often used, arbitrarily expandable and safe. Apart from the first igniter no tools are needed to influence the ignition process. The system-compatible pyrotechnic article can be carried out in the known range of variation with all effect sets and the necessary aids, achieves the parameters required in professionally organized large fireworks and is reliable and safe. It can be pre-assembled and selected as needed. The burning process according to the invention is so simple that skilled workers can prepare a starting device in a short time. The starting device is lightweight, dismountable and can be stored well in vehicles. The pyrotechnic articles can be summarized in large transport units, resulting in cost savings.

The pyrotechnic system can be used quickly in its overall concept, independent of location, requires no auxiliary power, is weatherproof and environmentally friendly.

embodiments

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to 8 exemplary embodiments and 9 figures.

Embodiment 1

In this embodiment, the basic principle of the invention is explained. A bearing (1), which can also be designed in extended form as a launching channel, stands with its bottom surface (2) on a solid surface. In the wall (3) is peripherally a bore (4) introduced and approximately opposite a further bore (5).

In the bearing (1) is a two-part pyrotechnic article and / or set (6). It consists of an upper part (7) containing the effect set and the lower part (8) with the ignition and / or ejection part (9). Upper (7) and lower part (8) are interconnected by a band (10). The ignition and / or ejection part (9) has on its jacket (11) an ignitable strapping (12), which was applied as a coating from a suspension. Through the bore (4), a portion of a Anzündleitung (13) is inserted into the bearing (1). The ignition and / or ejection part (9) has two puncture openings (14) and (15) in the area of the ignitable strapping (12).

The bore (5) is provided with a sleeve (16), which leads into another bearing (17), which is equipped for example with a one-piece pyrotechnic article and / or set (18). This also has on its jacket (19) an ignitable coating (20) in about the same height, as in the adjacent sentence. Likewise, this has a puncture opening (21) inside the sentence.

The bore (5) opposite the bearing (17) also has a further bore (22).

After lighting the Zündleitungsabschnittes (13) this burns off and the flame enters the interior of the bearing (17). There it ignites the ignitable coating (20) of the pyrotechnic composition and / or article (18), wherein its flame front enters the piercing openings (21) inside the pyrotechnic set and / or article (18) and ignites it. The ignition and / or ejection part (9) develops an internal pressure which blows up the band (10) and drives the effect set (23) to a predetermined height.

The ignitable lining (20) at the same time develops a flame front, which covers the entire circumference of the pyrotechnic composition and / or object and into the bore (22) into flames, sparks or hot gases, so that they the inflammable strapping (20) of the pyrotechnic Set and / or object (18) in the adjacent camp (17) reached and this also ignites. It comes below to the ignition of the pyrotechnic set and / or article (18).

If further bearings and / or weft channels are connected via connecting bores or transfer channels with the arrangement described, they can be ignited and fired in the same way.

Embodiment 2

In this embodiment and Fig. 2 the construction of a two-part pyrotechnic composition and / or article is described.

An ignition and / or ejection set consists of a sleeve (24) with bottom (25) and is filled with a powder charge (26). The amount of powder is dimensioned according to the parameters of the effect set (27) and the required discharge level.

The ignition and / or discharge rate is provided on the circumference (28) with an ignitable lining (29), which was preferably applied as a suspension using an ignitable mixture. Via puncture openings (30) and (31), when the ignitable lining (29) ignites, flames strike into the interior of the ignition and / or ejection set and ignite the powder charge (26) located there.

The effect set (27) is prefabricated as a so-called bombette, has a housing with jacket (32) and bottom (33) and a bottom opening (34). The top closure is generally a cover (35) of easily destructible material, such as paper or foil. The filling of the effect set (27) is variable and corresponds to industrially manufactured bombettes.

The effect set (27) is connected to the ignition and / or ejection set by a band (36), which is easily destructible in the case of ignition. Thus, the effect set (27) can be ejected from a bearing or shot channel and propelled to a predetermined altitude.

If necessary, the ignition and / or discharge rate can be additionally filled with a delay set (37). If a longer time delay is necessary in the design of a fireworks, this can be achieved by the additional filling, since it burns at a predetermined burning rate and only then the powder charge is ignited.

The powder charge (26) also ignites the effect set (27) via a connecting bore (34) during ejection.

Embodiment 3

In this embodiment, the construction of a two-part pyrotechnic kit or article is also described.

A priming or ejection set consists of a sleeve (38) with bottom (39) and is filled with a powder charge (40). The amount of powder is dimensioned according to the parameters of the effect set (41) and the required discharge height.

The ignition and / or discharge set receives the effect set (41), wherein the outer diameter of the sleeve (42) of the effect set (41) corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the sleeve (38) of the ignition and / or ejection set. Thus, the effect set (41) is inserted into the sleeve (38). It can be fixed after insertion with suitable means, preferably by gluing.

In the transition region between sleeve (38) and sleeve (42), an ignitable lining (43) is applied approximately in the form of a fillet weld. This ignitable lining (43) is approximately at the height of the transmission device described above from one store to the next so that disruptive combustion gases can ignite the ignitable lining (43).

A diverting means (44) which directs the ignition energy from the ignitable lining (43) into the ignition and / or ejection set is interposed between the sleeve (38) and sleeve (42) and conducts the ignition energy inwardly. The diverting means (44) may be arbitrary, preferably fuses, strands or foil strips are used with an ignitable coating. In the upper area, the advancing means (44) has direct contact with the ignitable lining (43), while the lower end thereof is in direct communication, as required, with ignition delay means (45) or a powder charge (40).

The effect set (41) is in turn preferably prefabricated as a finished unit and can be combined as required with a suitable ignition and / or discharge rate. The unit assembled in this way can be combined into a finished structural unit with which the starting device can be loaded, depending on the selected effects, technical parameters or on the basis of special customer requirements.

Sleeve (38), sleeve (42) and bottom (39) are preferably produced from wound paper sleeves or paper, which are destroyed during burning of the respective pyrotechnic articles, burn or possibly rotting their remnants in a short time. If, in particular, the base (39) is made of a flammable, thin material, it is penetrated when the ignition and / or discharge set is ignited, and the sleeve (38) is usually ejected from the starting device.

The pyrotechnic article produced according to this embodiment has the particular advantage that combustion gases of the ignitable lining (43) can escape upwards through the smaller diameter of the sleeve (42) of the effect set (41) and the resulting gap to the bearing. The pyrotechnic article is thereby kept in the warehouse and not already expelled by gases of the ignitable lining (43).

Embodiment 4

In this embodiment, a form of the pyrotechnic articles is described, which is preferably for larger calibers for use in professional fireworks in question.

A housing (46), which in turn preferably consists of a winding of a highly combustible and easily rotting material, such as paper, takes in the upper part of the effect (47) and including the ignition and / or ejection set. The latter usually consists of a powder charge (48), which is supplemented if necessary with a delay means (49).

Approximately in the region of the transition from the cylindrical shape to the hemispherical shape, the housing (46) carries an ignition device, here preferably an ignitable coating (50) or a self-adhesive carrier (51) which receives such a coating.

The ignition is conducted into the housing interior via an opening (52) in the housing (46), where it is conducted by a transfer means (53) to the deceleration or ignition or discharge set.

When the ignition or discharge rate is ignited, the bottom (54) is simultaneously penetrated and the pyrotechnic article is ejected from the bearing almost without residue.

The ignitable lining (50) is approximately at the same level as the transmission device between the bearings, so that on the one hand combustion gases, which arise when igniting a pyrotechnic article in an adjacent warehouse, can act directly on the ignitable lining (50), on the other hand Also, the combustion gases of the ignition device can in turn be passed with a transmission device to an adjacent warehouse and thus to the ignition of an optionally present there pyrotechnic object.

The housing and the ignition device are covered with a protective covering (55), wherein preferably a lacquer layer or a film coating comes into question. Thus, the pyrotechnic articles so equipped are resistant to moisture and can be used even in adverse weather conditions without failure phenomena occur. The Coating is chosen so that incident combustion gases penetrate this layer easily and the ignition device is ignited with high reliability.

Embodiment 5

In this embodiment, a possibility is described how the delay times between the ignition of a plurality of pyrotechnic articles can be set in a simple manner.

The pyrotechnic articles described in the embodiments 2 to 4 are preferably equipped so that the forwarding means (44), (53) or the piercing openings (14) or (15) conducting the ignition energy into the interior of the housing are simply present and arranged at a fixed position is. Thus, the time interval between the ignition of the ignitable lining (12), (29) or (50) and the ignition of the Fortleitungsmittels (44) or (53) or the powder charge (26) is also the distance that the combustion horizon has to cover dependent. The material of the ignition devices can be varied with regard to the combustion speed, so that in conjunction with the existing path burning times between about 1 millisecond and several seconds can be achieved. Further time delays can be achieved by the type of propagation means (44) or (53) as well as additional delay means (37) present in the housing.

According to the invention, the position of the forwarding means is visibly marked on the housing of the pyrotechnic articles. If the pyrotechnic article is introduced into the bearing so that the propagation means is directly adjacent to the transmission device, only a time delay by the propagation means (44) or (53) and any delay set (37) will be effective. If, on the other hand, the same pyrotechnic article is introduced rotated by about 90 °, the delay time of the ignitable lining (20), (29), (43) or (50) is added.

If the same pyrotechnic article is introduced rotated by 180 °, the full delay time of the igniter acts as the combustion horizon must run around the housing.

Taking into account tolerances in the ignition means used, based on a maximum delay time in the 180 ° position, at least half at 90 ° and the delay time 0 at 0 ° can be set reliably. The setting of the delay intervals is carried out by simply twisting when filling the starting device, housing markings and / or markings on the starting device are helpful. Using the above-described working principle, simultaneously selecting pyrotechnic articles with the desired pyrotechnic effects and firing sets with particular delay intervals, a desired choreography of the fireworks can be achieved both in terms of visual effects and in accordance with, for example, music. The range of variation extends from the simultaneous launching of at least two adjacently arranged pyrotechnic articles via burning at always the same time intervals up to variable time intervals in a range between about 0.1 seconds and several seconds.

Embodiment 6

In this embodiment and the FIGS. 5 and 6 an arrangement of bearings or shot channels with different ejection directions is described.

A vertical bearing (56) is connected to a right (57) and the same in turn to a left inclined bearing (58). This is followed again by a vertical (59) and then a right-angled arranged bearing (60). These are connected to a base (61), which in turn stands on a base (62).

The juxtaposed bearings are connected to each other with a Überströmbohrung, not shown, the position of which is marked by the dashed line (63). Is doing one of the bearings or with a pyrotechnic Item and / or set as described in Embodiment 1, equipped, the pyrotechnic article contained therein and / or set fires each firing in the adjacent bearing located object and / or set and also fires this.

Embodiment 7

In this embodiment, an effective safeguard against accidental knocking over or overturning in the starting processes for a battery of bearings or shot channels is described. Fig. 7 shows this.

A finite number of launch tubes are bundled into a package (64) and are placed with the respective bottom surfaces of the bearings on a base (65), preferably on the surface of the earth. Depending on the size of the package (64), there is provided in one or two axes an opening (66) between the bearings into which a respective attachment part (67), preferably a peg, or spit can be inserted or driven into the base. In order to overturn the package (64) by accidental bumping or by reaction forces when firing the pyrotechnic articles and / or sentences and / or objects as well as by vandalism is largely excluded.

Embodiment 8

In this embodiment, a starting device according to the invention will be described, which can be constructed from individual modules and so allows adaptation to the requirements of a fireworks to be organized. FIGS. 8 and 9 show here only by way of example a 4-compartment arrangement, the practical realization allows larger modules at any time.

A module consisting of a bearing (68), a bearing (69) and a connection (70) arranged between them is connected to a further module consisting of the bearing (71) and bearing (72). At the upper end of the first module is a tab (73) from which a pin (74) is approximately formed in the middle position. On the opposite side of the same module, the tab (75) is arranged, which in turn in the same position has a bore (76). A similar arrangement is available at the bottom of the module.

The second module is constructed substantially identical, so that using the molded tabs a connection between the first and second module can be made. Bearing (69) has laterally an integrally formed dome (77), which has a bearing (71) mirror-inverted dome (78) connection.

The dividing line (79) of the dome (77) and (78) can be rectilinear, but also have a profiling to increase the tightness at the contact surfaces. Between bearing (68) and bearing (69) there is a fixed, non-divisible connection (70) within the module. Likewise, this relates to the connection (80) between bearing (71) and bearing (72).

The connections (70) and (80) as well as the domes (77) and (78) receive the transmission means described above, which serve to transfer the combustion gases from one store to the next.

Preferably, the described arrangement is made of plastic and modules are produced with an odd or even number of bearings. By assembling using the tabs (73) and (75), a multiple arrangement is created which allows starting devices with a fixed number of bearings and in which the number of bearings necessary for the performance of large-scale professional fireworks can be provided. The starting devices thus obtained can be transported either in the form of individual modules or assembled, are very light and allow trouble-free burning of fireworks even in bad weather conditions.

If the bearings (68), (69), (71) and (72) are each equipped with a pyrotechnic article, the pyrotechnic article located there can be fired by introducing a first ignition means into a bore of the bearing (68). Through the connection (70), the combustion gases pass into bearings (69) and ignite the pyrotechnic article located there, which in turn fired via the dome (77) and (78) and the resulting compound fired in the camp (71) pyrotechnic article and this in turn located in the camp (72). If there is a juxtaposition of a plurality of bearings, this process can be continued from the first to the last camp.

List of reference numbers

1

Warehouse (launching channel)

2

floor area

3

wall

4

drilling

5

drilling

6

Pyrotechnic article (pyrotechnic phrase)

7

top

8th

lower part

9

Ignition and / or ejection part

10

banderole

11

coat

12

Ignitable strapping

13

igniting

14

Puncture opening

15

Puncture opening

16

shell

17

camp

18

Pyrotechnic article (pyrotechnic phrase)

19

coat

20

Ignitable coating

21

Puncture opening

22

drilling

23

effect charge

24

shell

25

ground

26

powder charge

27

effect charge

28

scope

29

Ignitable coating

30

Puncture opening

31

Puncture opening

32

coat

33

ground

34

Bottom opening

35

cover

36

banderole

37

delay charge

38

shell

39

ground

40

powder charge

41

effect charge

42

shell

43

Ignitable coating

44

Fort conduit means

45

Means for ignition delay

46

casing

47

effect charge

48

powder charge

49

retardants

50

Ignitable coating

51

carrier

52

opening

53

Fort conduit means

54

ground

55

covering

56

camp

57

Right-facing camp

58

Left-facing camp

59

Vertical bearing

60

Right-angled bearing

61

footprint

62

document

63

dotted line

64

package

65

document

66

opening

67

attachment portion

68

camp

69

camp

70

connection

71

camp

72

camp

73

flap

74

spigot

75

flap

76

drilling

77

cathedral

78

cathedral

79

Dividing line of the dome (77), (78)

80

connection

Claims (36)

1. A pyrotechnical system,
   consisting of a means for accommodating pyrotechnical objects and the like,
   in which the means for accommodating pyrotechnical objects consists of a first and second receptacle for pyrotechnical objects (6); (18),
   characterized in that
   a transmission means for ignition energy is arranged between the first and second receptacle in the form of a borehole (5), and the first receptacle has a borehole (4) for an ignition line (13),
   a pyrotechnical object (6); (18) contains at least one ignition set in a component in the form of an ignition or ejection part (9) or a powder charge (26); (40); (48) and an effect set (23); (27); (41); (47),
   a pyrotechnical object (6); (18) contains an ignitable coating (29), a penetration opening (30); (31) and a conduction means (44); (53) for the ignition energy to the powder charge (26); (40); (48) at the outer contour of the component,
   wherein the first and second receptacle are each fitted with a pyrotechnical object (6); (18), an ignition line (13) is incorporated into the borehole (4) of the first receptacle
   and the ignition line (13), upon ignition, ignites the ignitable coating (29) of the pyrotechnical object (6) located in the first receptacle, whose ignition energy is guided via the borehole (5) to the ignitable coating (20) of the pyrotechnical object (18) located in the second receptacle, and its ignition device is ignited,
   wherein the conduction means for the ignition energy of both pyrotechnical objects (6) and (18) ignite the respective ignition set and burn off both pyrotechnical objects (6) and (18).
2. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first (6) and second pyrotechnical object (18) ignite roughly simultaneously or in chronological succession.
3. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first and/or the second receptacle of the means for accommodating pyrotechnical objects are designed as a mounting (1, 17) and/or ascent channel and/or launching rail.
4. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first receptacle is followed by several second receptacles, and a respective means for transmitting ignition energy is arranged between them.
5. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first receptacle has allocated to it a plurality of second receptacles and a number of means for transmitting ignition energy corresponding to the plurality.
6. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   a second receptacle is followed by several second receptacles, and a respective means for transmitting ignition energy is arranged between them.
7. The pyrotechnical system according to one of claims 5 or 6,
   characterized in that
   a first and finite number of second receptacles are fixedly joined together to form a component.
8. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 7,
   characterized in that
   the outer contour of the component has means for coupling with another similar component.
9. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 8,
   characterized in that
   the means for coupling the components are shaped elements that together yield a tight and/or force fit.
10. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the means for coupling the components are positive and negative shaped elements together molded to the components in a materially uniform manner.
11. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the components are joined together with the help of coupling elements that yield a tight fit.
12. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the components are joined together by brackets, clamps or screwed joints.
13. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 8,
    characterized in that
    at least one of the second receptacles present in the component is capable of arranging and/or forming a means for transmitting ignition energy to a receptacle of another positively coupled component.
14. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 13,
    characterized in that
    the last of the second receptacles present in the component is capable of arranging and/or forming a means for transmitting ignition energy to a receptacle of another positively coupled component.
15. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the middle axes of the receptacles are arranged parallel and/or at an angle α > 0° relative to each other in the longitudinal and transverse direction.
16. The pyrotechnical system according to one of claims 9 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the arrangement of a first and second component is secured against tilting and/or slipping relative to the installation surface by means of additional components.
17. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 16,
    characterized in that
    the arrangement of a first and second component is secured against tilting and/or slipping relative to the installation surface by means of ground nails.
18. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the means for transmitting ignition energy is a space lying above the floor area (2) of the mounting (1); (17), which is enclosed on nearly all sides, and couples the first (1) and second mounting (17) or a second with a another second mounting in such a way that the ignition energy can be transmitted with a sufficient energy density into the adjacent mounting and to the pyrotechnical object stored there.
19. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 18,
    characterized in that
    the enclosed space is designed as a channel or borehole (5) or as an opening formed by a plurality of enveloping components.
20. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    an ignition or ejection part (9) or a powder charge (26); (40); (48) is additionally arranged in the pyrotechnical object component.
21. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    a delay set (37) is additionally arranged in the pyrotechnical object component.
22. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the outer contour of the pyrotechnical object component has applied to it an ignitable coating (20); (29); (43); (50) or an ignitable strapping (12).
23. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 22,
    characterized in that
    the ignitable coating (20); (29); (43); (50) or ignitable strapping (12) is an easily ignitable means that burns with a sufficient heat effect.
24. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 23,
    characterized in that
    the ignitable coating (20); (29); (43); (50) or ignitable strapping (12) is a gunpowder coating that burns with a diminished burning rate.
25. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 23,
    characterized in that
    the ignitable coating (20); (29); (43); (50) or ignitable strapping (12) has a burning time of t ≥ 0.5 s.
26. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the pyrotechnical object component is enclosed by an outer sheath.
27. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 26,
    characterized in that
    the pyrotechnical object component is enclosed with a film.
28. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 26,
    characterized in that
    the pyrotechnical object component has a floor (25); (39); (54) that can be destroyed and/or burned during the ignition and/or ejection process.
29. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the pyrotechnical object component housing is divided into two parts, wherein both parts bluntly abut against each other, are adhesively bonded in the abutment area, and/or are coupled together by adhesive tape (banderole) (10); (36) lying on the outside.
30. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the pyrotechnical object component housing is divided into two parts, and the housing part accommodating the ejection set is larger in design, that the housing part containing the effect set has a smaller diameter, is situated in the larger housing part, and that both housing parts are fixedly coupled with each other.
31. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the ignitable coating (20); (29); (43); (50) or ignitable strapping (12) is arranged on the outer contour of the pyrotechnical object in the upper region of the housing.
32. The pyrotechnical system according to claim 30,
    characterized in that
    the ignitable coating (20); (29); (43); (50) or ignitable strapping (12) is arranged in the upper region of the housing in an area with a tapered diameter.
33. Firing method for a pyrotechnical system according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    a means for accommodating pyrotechnical objects is fitted with a number of pyrotechnical objects (6); (18) corresponding to the number of present mountings (1); (17);
    the first mounting (1) is fitted with an ignition line (13) in the additional borehole (4),
    the arrangement is set up and secured at the application site in a subsequent step,
    the pyrotechnical system is ignited on the ignition line (13), after which all pyrotechnical objects located in coupled mountings are ignited and/or ejected,
    wherein the pyrotechnical object (6) located in the first mounting (1) is ignited on its ignitable strapping (12) present on the housing by means of a means for conducting the ignition energy, at the same time as which the ignitable strapping (12) present on the outer contour burns off, wherein its combustion energy is routed by the means for conveying ignition energy to the second mounting, ignites the pyrotechnical object located there (18), the ignitable coating (20) arranged on the outer contour of the pyrotechnical object (18) located in the second mounting, thereby igniting the pyrotechnical object (18),
    the combustion energy of the ignition means causes a transmission to additional second mountings, and ignites the pyrotechnical objects located there.
34. Firing method for a pyrotechnical system according to claim 33,
    characterized in that
    the pyrotechnical objects are twisted while being introduced in the mountings, so that the latter are ignited as a function of angular position either right away or after a time interval determined by the burning time of the ignitable coating (20).
35. Firing method for a pyrotechnical system according to claim 33,
    characterized in that,
    in an additional step, a module consisting of a first (1) and finite number of second mountings is positively coupled with one or more modules, and a respective connection is established between the first and other modules for transmitting ignition energy between the last mounting of the first and the respective first mounting of the following module.
36. Firing method for a pyrotechnical system according to claim 33,
    characterized in that
    means for accommodating pyrotechnical objects are locked onto the substrate (62) in an additional step.

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