DE1924142U - HYDRAULIC PRESS. - Google Patents

Description

P.Ä. 389 394 * 7/27/65

Koblenzer Strasse 46a

Registration date;

company

J. Dieffenbaeher GmbH

Machine factory

Eppingen (Baden)

G e b rau c b s m u st e r

Hydraulic press

The invention relates to hydraulic presses, in particular single-daylight presses, for the production and / or processing of flaky goods such as chipboard? Fiberboard or the like., With verifiable open spaces, the ropes of a box-shaped hollow body; which has partitions in its interior for the formation of channels for the conduction of a hot liquid "-" -. ^:

Its job is to create a press that has tolerances to achieve in the Preßgutkraft that largely

are free from influences originating from the press itself. - -. -. ■.: ■ - ■ "■■; : '-

The known chipboard »- or fiberboard presses, especially those in a day type ₉ use -. between the fixed lower part and the movable printable heating plates, - support which screen over. "In the production of such presses" then "" next the surfaces facing the material to be pressed - of the lower part and the movable press ram ^; machine planed.

The cooling plates usually also consist of channels with ' provided steel plates, the surfaces of which are also "manufactured" in a separate processing step.

The same thing is with the heated press plates of the Pal! «; .. "' ..- Here too, the surfaces are produced by planing' and * 'subsequent grinding *; Heat transfer from; the heated press plates to the 'cooling plates.:, To Yerriagem »to be machined on both contact surfaces»

Between the pressed material on the one hand and the two .- 'Hauptkon- »

construction parts of the press.-on the other hand are located afterwards ■ on each side no less than seven by machine: machining -. .

prepared support surfaces. - * - ^; ".. \

Depending on the type of processing used or the quality of the machine tools on which the surface processing is carried out, there are more or less large deviations from the plan - parallelism _β These deviations are avoided completely non-ver to V and must be hingenoHmen. This means, however, that the pressure of the press on the material to be pressed takes place over no less than fourteen surfaces, "whose deviations from the absolute plane parallelism can in the worst case add up to four times, so that the material to be pressed is in no way" pressed flat and parallel " . . - ·

In addition, that .man. tries to mitigate the heat transfer of the heated press plates on the lower part and the movable press ram as much as possible. That is also the meaning of the 'intermediate grids', which are; between the heated press plate and the -auf. the lower part or the press ram arranged cooling /:. Support plate "But it is toekaimtK that the cooling plate a by no means all of the transmitted through the intermediate grids. May dissipate heat, otherwise ein® strong Eorrö & ionsbildung ■ between press plate * Zwis.chenr'ost and cooling plate, the episode "is ·" It follows that _$ still or on the lower part, the press ram feewegliehen still considerable - Heat This amount of heat leads to thermal deformation of the lower part "and the movable press ram, because" the KLäenen facing the pressed material is always much higher temperature erV - ■

hold than the opposite! laugh of these construction parts, which are essentially always below tree temperature.

It can therefore be explained that the material to be pressed wiping the press plates is influenced by the inaccuracies in terms of its strengths = tolerant ". This influence is described below." a further increase in "the differences in thickness within the pressed material, which is already suffering from differences in thickness due to other technological conditions. - ■■ -.";"■ ^: v

Another disadvantageous influence arises from the fact that the so-called spacer strips are used for the starch formation of the pressed material between the heated press plates. During this process, parts of the pressed material are also deposited on the surfaces of the filler strips and in turn increase the differences in thickness of the pressed material. With the help of various devices, efforts have been made to slow down the closing process of the press so that the blow-out effect is as low as possible * ■ But store look still in ά & τ airborne pressing '' gutteilehen onto den.Beilegeleisten.

In the manufacture of particle board, the thickness inaccuracies were usually subsequently eliminated by the fact that the

Surface of the chipboard by a grinding process were brought to a tolerable plane parallelism. That meant high grinding losses, between $ 5 and $ 12 of the - ·. Weight and had to be accepted.

This seemed inevitable because for reasons which are theoretically not yet fully clarified, but probably due to the delayed removal of moisture or »· water vapor from the center of the pressed plate is based, see there an incidence surface, a so-called "pond", which in addition to the errors from the press 3berrühx * endön that Makes sanding necessary «

This is where the idea * of the invention _{comes into play 9,} which largely reduces the effects on the planar parallelism of the pressed material from the processing tolerant solober presses that cannot be completely avoided by constructive measures, but also those technological deviations that result from the ress® of the press surface and related conditions result in ^ largely equal to

To this. The purpose is the (& undthought of the invention in the formation of the two main parts of the press, näsalich des fixed lower part and the PreSbärs seibat as box-shaped, Hollow bodies that can be bitten into, the whole of which are facing each other End plates are processed as open spaces.

Beer is preferably used for a double-walled welded steel or cast steel construction chosen * di © inside difö 'allows circulation of the heating medium.

So;., A «Β« oil can be used as a heat transfer medium, which de, m press ram as well as the fixed lower part via drilling lines is cited. A circulation of the oil through the two main press parts is expedient the BuröhfluBwege and the heat source itself by means of Umwälspuiapen applied,

But it can also be done in such a way that the sur heating The intended amount of oil is only circulated in each of the two main press parts inside this file it will while for heating the oil. electrical power is applied.

Finally, any other known type of heating can also be used Application 'find a reasonably satisfactory Temperature constancy permitted.

We will order more DurchfluBwege inside each Hauptpreseenteils with which it Help © si8glieh is to ersielen uniform and controllable to the desired extent heat of the compressed material sugewan & to "Bruck surfaces. ■

Both main parts of the press are now in their construction or kept so strong by selecting large moments of inertia that the smallest possible mechanical deflection Vird is reached under great pressure, while at the same time due to the heating inside at all points of the main parts of the milling machine for same b & w. approximately the same temperature is ensured to exclude thermal deformation.

It is also useful if thermal insulation layers are on the remaining outer surfaces of the main parts are provided. on in this way the heat losses are reduced to a minimum and the extraordinarily high heat capacity of the so constructed Main parts of the press made usable for the pressing process. This also allows thermal stresses within Avoid the construction parts as much as possible.

Naturally, it must be ensured that the two main parts, namely the fixed lower part and the press ram, can properly expand in terms of heat when heated up to the working temperature. For this purpose, it is advisable, on the one hand, to position the lower part on a fixed central bearing and to store the extension, and on the other hand, that the two main parts are held against each other so that they cannot be twisted, but are not rigidly guided in such a way that the main parts are free from one another can expand.

For example, for a tie-rod type press, a particularly simple construction results from the fact that the movable PreSbär only. Is bent up by means of the eückhubgestänge and! Has guides that protect it against turning »not against it. Hinder Wtrmedehnimg. . - _; . ■

In addition, it can be useful "if .the tie rods freely penetrate the PreBb & r and the lower part - and the milling cylinders or the press cylinders. Traverses have a small clearance of z _e B "a few tenths of a millimeter; have" so that the tie rods themselves can follow the spatial thermal expansion of the lower part of the press and thus always maintain their vertical length. . /:,.

On the other hand, however, the basic idea of the invention can be applied to press »in Baamen design ...» for example in the. fonn. _f . that 'the "movable press ram is supported on the lower part only by means of ¹ .the'BficWbub>'. ■" device via side brackets, while the press cylinders are arranged in the upper section of the press frame. ^: -. \ ■ '....' ■ '"

A further possibility for improvement results - see in all: "'cases by the fact that the longitudinal expansion bearings are kept adjustable by means of a spindle, for example, at their distances ¹ from the right-hand side, and also the press cylinders .biisw, the points of application of the pressure -

piston on the Prefibär ,. for example by means of adjustment. spindles, 'can be kept adjustable' in their discomfort by & @ τ vertical longitudinal center · »© beixe. In this way the deflection of the main parts of the press can be influenced in the desired manner, and indeed in a sense that largely equates or counteracts the collapse of the surface of the pressed material Allowed "This results in a further reduction" of _: grinding losses when finishing ^ chipboard. "-.- '■;." ... . · ■

Aucii it is the object of the present invention self 'course isweekiaäß ± g ₉ share the heat transfer from the main to other venal press, largely -to ": -.. Under squirm * not alone, vw WILmeVerluste SU'vermeiden - -.sOndern-auctt. «*. ud keep these construction parts of temperature-dependent color shaping 'as free as possible _o So it can' for example 'be sweclcmäiges, ..'- * if there is insulation between the pressbearer and the bruk flask -'or. Cooling plate ^ are arranged. .An® other. Measure of this type consists in ,,. that between PreBbär and RUckhubvorrichtung insulating ^ 'or.... cooling plates - arranged siado. there is also the option of _t ä & b the side consoles are attached to the lower part via insulating or cooling plates, hm ... to the fr © ibär.

'Eins Mieät & Lieüe _? very, gweo-nutty assumption: results in a further <te.dank. "of the. invention in that ..the. for

Determination of the thickness of the pressed material required spacing offset from the press room, e.g. as from » changeable and possibly divisible biage on Distanätiüröezi, ange siads arranges the ones sucked in opposite the pressing surface

the deposition of pressed material parts can be completely prevented, because the spacer pieces are outside the blow-out area. der ireBgutteilohen. - ■ Han-therefore does not need to slow down the predhub vma receives a further improvement in the plane parallelism of the 'plates produced on such a press · The -DistansshÜleen' can also serve as an additional anti-twist protection for the 'press ram, without "as" Guided tours in the real sense have an effect. '■ "." · ''

While so far the feeheizbarea Preßplätten © "reasons were only produced from technically '' that was provided by transverse channels that could weröea joined at the long sides ,, ermöglicht- the fiction, contemporary design numaelirs" that the heating ^medium; 1b; Pxe -8sen ~ - lower part and in the press ram -'->. At least insofar as they are directly "adjacent to the press plates - run in the longitudinal direction" and "the possibly provided heating medium supply (s) 'in - the" center of the press area or aa one © of the ,, both front sides is or are arranged. - · ^!

/In

Moreover, it is also possible, "that means for differentiated temperature control Yorges © h @ n sindj that enable _{the Prefifläofcen in their IKngsBittenfeld opposite AEEN longitudinal edges femperaturen different heights feed or a locally specific femperaturfeld with different pressing" forming temperature ". Longitudinal channels of any length can now be seen in the lower part or pressbear gate ^ and thus the case of the front side can first heat the press surfaces in the middle of the press, and then serpentine again and again through longitudinal channels up to the outer edges of the press surface width to be guided. This has the decisive advantage that first of all the moisture of the pressed material in the longitudinal center is first converted into steam and thus driven out by the shortest route to the outside. Through this set-ache but the incident is the Itängemitte _r example, significantly alleviated at a particle board or fiber board. " - _;

Finally, the heating medium, for example oil, can also be used, because at a temperature of around 200 ° G this does not anniafflit any appreciable pressure _? are eye first leads in the longitudinal mid-© at the -Preßfläche * then also on the Sreßfläche oppositely facing under surface at the lower part bsw in Iiämgsmitte. Surface to be diverted at the moving press ram. Then it can again move the pressing surfaces from the lower surfaces or surfaces opposite the pressing

are and so forth supplied surfaces until -from -Längsmitte --...-- both-sides-to ausnach Preßflächenbreite.'hin a -Zirkulation arises, which is the feature of its own. ", _ that a temperature jam you press the longitudinal center towards the outside towards the. "- Pressing <width takes place, so the read effect is completely new; and Konate have not yet been technically realized *; ■ '..-. ""

This fact then leads to the possibility * shorter ones to apply times »because a. © norm large heat volume in äem.

Aug © nfeliok to the inspection is ₉ when the pressed material brought under the press with construction temperature * at the closing vörgaiig 4er _: ..

Press on the feeiäea pressing surfaces in accordance with the PreB Lassen - = - ^; 'weight and its specific intrinsic heat. Time - '' can be refilled «- * - - -" * "- ¹ ^" .. *.

kaaa but also: the press upstream a heat control executed in the well-known Weis® ₉ that works so that. .'the two longitudinal channels in the middle of the press when closing. ~ gangj άΛ * when the material to be pressed is inserted into the press, it is initially heated at a temperature a few degrees higher than the normal working temperature be, "while ^: the.

a little further from the -'longitudinal center of the press -'laid- V. next lÄagskanäl® can be fed with a temperature. - - .. know, which could be a little lower 'than "the' temperature", which was applied to the longitudinal center of the price. · -'SchiieHlich ".-.-

kOnneh "" then the Mngskamale ,, which is located on the longitudinal edge of the; Both main press parts are located, are supplied with a '- !! temperature "that of the normal !! temperature'-during the pre-process'-." is equivalent to. Finally, one can also use the longitudinal channels "" ünterhalb'der.Preßflächen so. limit that. desired. increased exposure to heat in my. Press surface area occurs; which one the size of the falling area for the pressed material corresponds to · «, ■ -..-.

Thus, the result is a heat control that is effective for the time between the beginning of the pressing and the onset of the polymerization, and that "are"anyway; about - 2 1/2 meows. laughed after these 2 1/2 minutes would die. Control-'then have to react in such a way that they -to gsur loading. Enöigiiag the pressing time, that is possibly more ^: ~ 2-3 minutes, the whole lanalsjstem with noxmialer work ^ ..

This different heating process, which provides the middle of the ling with a ^: certain Wätniesobwall bevel, "" leads to the advantage that the moisture from the "middle of the length of the""" -.

Spänekwoheae strengthened in Bampf and from the middle 20

Also "can ^ with a.-eolehext

and on the basis of the fact ₉ that now male ducts in ... great lengths have been made possible ^ $ ® & he different types: heat - -.

echwall the two.Pre & surfaces are supplied »-wenn'die * - Wämesteuarimg is kept adjustable «,;.

The subject matter of the - invention 'eei on the basis of the drawing merely - schematiech - illustrated Ausfufcrungabeiepiele. short explains ι "in the ..- ■ - .. · '' \ ■" -. ■■ .-. '"-," -

Fig. 1 a side view as well as two middle a - a and . b - b '

Fig- 2 is a frontal view of a similar face with ^:. Adjustability of the press cylinder and -

Fig «3 also a s-tirnaneioht © iner soleben! Press -

in frame construction. ■ ■. "■ ..,

According to Fig. 1, the lower press part 1 standing on its feet is supported on the jFimdai & ent, however, the-Auedehnungelager'2-and the local. Fixed central bearing 3 from. In the lower part 1 are Tie rod 4 inserted, - those in the upper part of the press di $ · Presence cylinders 5 carry »The pressure pistons" 6-the-cylinders; 5. transfer »itor ©! pressure force to the movable press ram 7»

Above the 'Preeeensylinder 5 are the retreat jsjlind-er 8' arranged »whose pulling piston 9 over the. -Qtterträirereen * -10 and the tie rods 11 connected to the "movable blackjack 7-".

The tie rods 4 are provided with sleeves 12 which - bis dance rings 13 wear. . '■. ; ; '■ - -

The lower part 1 is stranded with insulation and 15 against heat radiation. The moving press ram is covered with insulation 17 and 17. - ■ - \ /

Between the press piston 6 and the movable press bar 7 are -to. Avoiding heat transfer, the insulating tubs

plates 18 provided,, '■ - ^: ■. ".

As shown in Fig. 2, the tie rods 4 »are above in the upper rope of the movable press ram 7 * cylinder traverses 19 are provided.

In these Zylimlertraveraen 19, the press cylinders 5 are with Cylinder collar 20 slidably fastened in grooves and can by means of the Veretellapihdeln 21 in their distance from the center of Preesen.

adjusted. The Hüok ^ ugsjylinder 8 are fixed to the cross members 19 secured _f and their pistons 9 transmit their Hückaugkraft on the Rüskaiagtraversen 10 and the Rttckzuggestange 11- beweglicheB on the press ram. 7

In Fig. -3, the press lower part 1 is supported by two Expansion longitudinal bearings 22 arranged parallel to the center of the OTr Mnga and via the support plate 23 onto the lower cutout of the press frame 24. The longitudinal position x? are kept adjustable in their distances from the longitudinal center with the aid of the adjusting spindles 25. The lower part 1 is

fastened in the central point with twisting mechanism »

The opening cylinder 26 are supported by brackets 27 that Connected to the lower part 1 of the press via an insulating plate »28 are. The pistons 29 of the opening cylinder 26 transmit their Opening force on consoles 50 and insulating panels 51 on the movable press ram 7 »The press ram is equipped with slipped rings connected to the piston.

In the upper rim cutout of the press frame 24 are the
adjustable press cylinder 5 and also with their collar 20 slidingly attached in hats and by adjusting spindles 21 at their distance from the longitudinal center of the press

adjustable.

The stationary press frame 24 is supported by foundation beams 32 on the 'press foundation from »

The arrangement of the pickling channels is based on ά & η cuts
a - a or * b - b to '' Fig. 1 produced j, said first condition that the voids between the upper and
The lower heating ducts remain free from the heating medium. In principle, however, it is also possible that this tree is also in

the duct system is included ₉ if, for example, a particularly high heat capacity of the main parts of the press is desired _{9 in} order to achieve a particularly good temperature constant

range or. special heat losses occurring during pressing quickly "should-be compensated. ,, - .-." ■ "... ■■" '■ -

S ohut aansprueh e

Claims (1)

P.A.389 ^ 4 * 27.7-ß5 S -Q.-H u t / £ a η s ρ r ü ο 1. Hydraulic press, special one-day press, - for the production and / or the "processing of flat & üter _; n> such as chipboard ** fiber boards or the like" with 'heatable open spaces / the ropes - a box-shaped hollow body - are , which has partition walls in its interior - for the formation of ducts for the line, a heating fluid, characterized by the formation of the two main parts of the press, namely the -fixed, standing * lower parts (1) and the FreBbärs (7 ), even - as box-shaped - "as a whole" - heatable hollow bodies ρ whose facing end plates are machined as open spaces * s-lnd.- 2, Press © according to claim 1 ■ ". characterized by 'Warmedainmschichten (14 »15s 16, 17) 'on the remaining outer surfaces of the' main parts - (T, -. ', Press according to one of. "Ansprüche.1 or 2 gekennzeiebnet ₉ by storage DES lower part (1) at a fixed ^{mid: /} bearing (■" $) - and * Ausdehnvings store (2 - 22).. - * · - * 4. - Press. after * the; 'Claims 1; until. 3. » '..characterized;,,- . that. the two main parts (1 ₉ '7) are only twistable ^: held against each other, not '- {However;' rigidly guided Β ± ηά _{$ in} such a way that the main parts (1 _S 7) can expand freely -. ■ ■ '-; ■ / ".. ■ ^: ', ■;. * - ■" :: --- 5, - press * 'according to -claims 1 and the following ^ in particular; according to claim 4 ₉ in. tie rod design, characterized in that the movable press ram (7) is suspended solely by means of a return stroke linkage (9) and has guides that counteract it. Protection against twisting, but not against thermal expansion "behiiidem". - "^; , ^; : ■■ ■■ '- ■ ■' ■ '","■' . - ^:: - \] ^: V ^; - '-' ■ -. 6. Press, according to claims.1 and the following, in particular according to claim ^; 5, characterized in that the tie rods (4) the press ram - (7); and the lower part (T). freely enforce-and *. * .- ·. ' that the press cylinder (5) or 'die
SraTersen (19) carrying the press cylinder (5) have a low *
For example, a few tenths of a millimeter have a margin τοη,. ^; sp ' ^: that * - the. Tie rods (4) -selbst'der spatial thermal expansion ..- 'des
Press lower part (1) -follow köBBen- «Μ thus always * keep your."■; - "._ vertical center.- '· ■■■■; ; ■:; - * 7 »Press 'according to'" claims-i and the following, in particular © *. "■" '. "■"' ■ according to claim 4, ..; in-Hahmenbauart, characterized - ^ * .'- that the movable © press bear (7) only. by means of the Eüek- * - -20 lifting device. (26 "29) is supported on the lower part (1) via side brackets (27), while the press cylinders (5) are arranged in the upper comb cutout of the press frame (24)>. .. ■: / ■ ' 8. Press according to claims 1 and following »- in particular according to · claim I ₉ characterized / characterized »that the longer / '.. ■' ■ '..-' ■ -expansion bearings * (2, 22), for example '.. by means of adjusting spindles (25)» in their Distances from the vertical longitudinal = mid-plane are kept adjustable, - '- 9. Press according to claims 1 and following, in particular.;. according to "Aasprüchen 7 and 8 * characterized by '-',. '. that / -'. '''die-Press'exLzyllzider(5)" or .the points of application of the-piston _ (6) on the press ram ( 7), 'for example by means of " _: . Adjusting spindles - (21), at their distances from the vertical -; / ■ right. 10. Tresse according to claims "1 and following, .- thereby - ge-kenn- draws® that between the press ram (Y) ... and '' pressure piston (6) Isolierbzw. Cooling plates (18) are arranged.- ^; . ^ ^: "/, - i- / _; ■ _: - 11. Press near the claims-1 and -following, in particular according to claim 7 »characterized in that / between press ram (7 j and Mckhubvörrichtung · (8, 9 bisw., '26, / 29) insulating and cooling plates (51) are arranged. " 12. Press according to claims 1 and the following; in particular according to ■ claims 7 and 11, characterized in that the ^{7 side} brackets (27j 30) via insulating 'or «cooling plates (28 _f 31") .. on the lower part (I) "or on the PreSMr ( 7) ■ attached "are ο -... ■ '../" \ "- ■' ■ '■' ^: .. 15. Presse'nach the Insprüchen 1 and following "cored characterized distinguished _s .that the gur down the bead of the material to be pressed Bistanzetücke required (15) opposite the press portion - staggered ss.B. are arranged as, removable and separable hinge evtlo on bis-dance sleeve-ene (12) _{9 s} with the opposite. der ^: Frßflache- sucked-in stop surfaces., on PreSMr (T) / - interact. '"''■' /. '"-; - '-.-.-: " 14. Press according to ä @ n claims 1. and the following "characterized., Marked" _: draws _f - that die_-HeizmittelkanUle in the press lower part .- (f) and in the press ram (7) - at least as far as they are directly adjacent to the press plates -'in the longitudinal direction ₉ .- and that the heating medium supply (s) that may be provided ^: in the longitudinal center of the press: or on one or both St-im - '/ - is seldom arranged-or. are. ■ ■■ - ■ -. . - / - .. .- / " . . '· · ■' ■■■■. 15- press according to -. 'The * claims 1 and following ^ in particular according to claim 14? ■ characterized in that means 2ur differentiated temperature control provided - are *>. the make it possible; ä & n ν press surfaces in their longitudinal center field ir height to be supplied or - a locally determined temperature *