DE1922968C3 - Use of magnesium sodium phosphate as a fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

example 1 Try with corn, Prior variety, medium early

Soil: Loamy sandy soil, pH 6.4.

Culture vessels: polyethylene pots with 2000 g soil each (Dry weight).

Duration of the experiment: 25/6/1968 to 5/9/1968.

5 maize kernels were placed per pot, which were separated into 3 after germination.

Each pot received 150 ml of H ₂ O double-distilled twice a week. The experiment was set up in 4 groups who received the following fertilization per pot:

group Fertilization in mg PiO. K ₁ O Na ₁ O MgO CaO comment N 840 810 ... 640 1 560 840 810 360 - 640 O comparison 2 560 840 810 360 480 640 Na ₂ SO ₄ 3 5eo 84) 810 360 480 640 Na ₂ SO ₄ ; MgSO ₄ 4th 560 P, Na and Mg as MgNaPO ₄ -1.5 H ₈ O

Each group consisted of 6 pots with 3 plants each. Result:

Wet weight index group G

363.6 305.2 274.2 434.0

100 84 75

119

Dry weight

63.2 51.2 49.2 79.8

100 81 78

126

The K and Na content of groups 1 and 4 was determined in the dry matter:

group

index % K

7.Na

6.5 5.6

0.125 0.788

The experiment shows that fertilization with magnesium sodium phosphate not only compensates for the depression of yield for 6s by adding Na, - and MgSO ₄ , but that, compared to the comparison, an increase in yield of about 20% can be achieved. In addition, the Na content increases

the plant fertilized with MgNaPO ₄ to 6 times that of the comparison treated only with N, P, K, Ca.

Example 2

Trial with oats, variety Endres Flemingskrone Soil: Loamy sandy soil, pH 6.4. Culture vessels: polyethylene pots with 2 kg soil each (dry weight).

Duration of the experiment: September 19, 1968 to December 2, 1968.

12 oat grains were sown per pot, and after germination they were separated to 8.

Every week, 150 ml H ₄ O per pot was poured (H ₂ O distilled).

The experiment was divided into 7 groups with the following Fertilization applied per pot:

Group fertilization in mg NP ₁ O ₄

K, O

Na ₁ O MgO

comment

1 550 - 800 - - O comparison 2 550 630 800 - - Comparison, index 100 3 550 630 800 260 360 Na ₂ SO ₄ ; MgSO ₄ 4th 550 630 800 260 360 MgNaPO ₄ · 1.5 H _S O 5 550 1890 800 - - P-3 6th 550 1890 800 780 1080 P, Na, Mg-3; Na = soluble in water 7th 550 1890 800 780 1080 MgNaPO ₄ -1.5 H ₂ O -3

Each group had 3 pots with 8 plants each.

Result:

Wet weight index group G

Dry weight

index

1 15.7 40 1.5 40 2 39.5 100 3.7 100 3 44.0 112 4.3 116 4th 49.9 126 5.2 140 5 44.1 100 4.5 100 6th 45.8 104 4.5 100 7th 59.2 134 5.8 129

so magnesium sodium phosphate is obtained in its production with 1.5 mol of water of crystallization. This can be removed by drying at about 21O ⁰ C. This increases the decomposition in water and the plant availability of the sodium, as can be seen from Example 3.

Example 3

About 2 g of MgNaPO ₄ -I ₁ SH ₂ O or MgNaPO ₄ were shaken in 100 ml of water for 1 to 8 days. The Na content in the undissolved residue was then determined.

Of the groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the _45th

K and Na content, based on the dry substance, connection definitely.

Shaken for hours 0 24

96

192

group

%N / A

% K

0.26
1.42
1.26
0.19
1.90
1.51

7.92 5.90 5.97 5.88 5.45 5.64

MgNaPO ₄ 12.17 10.05 10.80 11.13 11.80 so '1.5H ₂ O

Index 100 82.6 88.8 91.4 97.0

MgNaPO ₄ 14.80 9.55 8.74 8.02 7.50

Index 100 64.5 59.1 54.2 50.7

55 The compounds have no waste products, such as B. NaCl. According to their composition

The increase in yield due to magnesium sodium phosphate was around 30% for oats. In this experiment it could also be shown that the phosphorus of the compound is fully available (comparison of the result from group 1 with that from 4). In groups 2 and 3, the P source was (NH ₄ ) JHPO ₄ . It can also be seen that even three times the amount of MgNaPO _{4 is} not harmful, but again increases stress.

MgNaPO ₄ · 1.5 H ₁ O

MgNaPO ₄

MgO Na ₂ OP, O ₅ 23%

/O

42%

/O

22% 50%

they can easily be combined with other fertilizers to form complete fertilizers. There are only a few examples given that can be multiplied at will:

% Connection

κ, ο

Well, O

MgO

36 MgNaPO ₁ 1.5 H ₄ O 30 Kaü (50% K ₂ O)
33 urea
1 trace elements

15th

15 15

6.5

100 complete fertilizers

30 MgNaPO ₄ 1.5 H ₂ O: o Potash (50% K ₂ O)
40

15th

15 12 15

15th

6.5
5.5

8th 7th

100 complete fertilizers

36 MgNaPO ₄ 1.5 H ₂ O 30 Kaü (50% K ₂ O)
34 NH ₄ NO ₃

12th

12 15 15

15th

5.5
6.5

7th 8th

100 complete fertilizers 12

24 MgNaPO ₄ 1.5 H ₂ O -

16 potash (50% K ₂ O) -

59 Ammonium sulphate nitrate 15 1 trace elements

15 10 15

6.5
4th

5.5

100 complete fertilizers 15

30 MgNaPO ₁ 1.5 H ₂ O -

24 potash (50% K ₂ O) -

26 urea 12

20 plaster of paris -

10 12 12

4th
5.5

5.5
7th

100 complete fertilizers

12th

12 12

5.5

Bibliography:

40

1. W. Baumeister, Sodium as a plant nutrient,

G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1960. W. Baumeister et al., The physiological Importance of sodium for the plant, I; Research reports from the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, No. 1086, Westdeutscher Verlag, Cologne, 1962. W. Baumeister et al., The physiological Importance of sodium for the plant, II; Research reports from the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, No. 1678, Westdeutscher Verlag, Cologne, 1966.

2. J. J. L ehr r, J. Sci. Food Agric, 4, 460 to 471 (1953).

3. P. M. H a r m e r et al., Soil Sci., 76, 1-17 (1953).

4. J. M. Wybe ng a, Diss. Wagingen, 1957.

5. A. Vo i s i n, Basic Laws of Fertilization, Bayer. Landwirtschaftsverlag, Munich, 1966, p. 88.

6. F. Scheffer and P. Schachtschabe 1, Soil Science, F. Enke Verlag, Stuttgart, 1960, Pp. 169 and 307.

Claims (1)

Claim: Use of magnesium sodium phosphate as a fertilizer. In the literature of the past few years only wmi rarely pointed out the importance of sodium as a plant nutrient. After that are natnumbedurrage Plant sugar beet and fodder beet, spinach and chard. Cabbage, cotton, and oats can tolerate sodium, while corn, rye, and iB. the soybeans do not react or even react negatively to sodium (1, 2, 3, 4). More recently it has been recognized that the »The plants are not only approximated in terms of the yield (quantity) that can be achieved, but also in terms of the desired quality must be considered as food or feed (5). It was demanded to force the sodium fertilization in order to make vegetables suitable for »5 to give the human diet the correct mineral composition, or to feed the livestock to supply the forage plants with the physiologically necessary elements Ca, Mg, Na and P. This is countered not only by the already mentioned hostility towards sodium of most forage crops, but also by a certain soil incompatibility of conventional sodium fertilizers. sodium fet is very soluble in water in all of its technically usable compounds. Also be NaMons only moderately adsorbed on the soil colloids. The result is that water-soluble sodium compounds are very easily washed out of the soil will. Another disadvantage is that clay particles, which are loaded predominantly with nations have a higher degree of orientation than those surrounded by K ⁺ -, Mg ⁺⁸ - or even Ca ⁺ mones. This orientation caused a slip of the clay particles to each other, the soil is greasy i _n the moist state, and during drying it shrinks into hard lumps (6). The invention relates to the use of magnesium sodium phosphate as a fertilizer. The invention makes it possible to supply the plants with the necessary amount of sodium, without this in plants that do not need the element - z. B. maize - to have to accept yield losses and without negatively affecting the structure of the soil. Magnesium sodium phosphate is not soluble in water. It dissolves well in dilute acids. Its elements are fully available to plants. By mixing magnesium sodium phosphate with others, the main nutrients are N, P ₂ O ₅ . ^{Compounds containing K} ? ° and / or CaO can be produced in any composition that contains water-insoluble, but plant-available sodium. Other substances that are important for plant nutrition, such as B. trace elements can be added. In the following examples the good fertilizing effect of the compound is shown.