DE1913578A1 - Vibration sensing device - Google Patents

Description

DR. MÜLLER-BOR £ DIPL.-ING. GRALFS DR. MANlTZ DR. DEUFEL PATENTANWÄLTE 19135/8

Braunschweig, March 17, 1969 Our reference: M 8J8 - Kl / Lie

Marconi Company Limited

English Electric House

Beach

London Flat share 2 / England

Vibration sensing device

The invention relates to vibration sensing devices, particularly, although not exclusively, vehicle display devices. services. This designation should be understood to mean a device that generates a signal when a vehicle is passing through, which is used directly or indirectly to operate traffic Signals or counting the number of vehicles in order to obtain data for traffic monitoring, the design of roads and the like, can be used.

Vehicle display devices come in numerous forms. The most common device uses an air hose in a device that is let into the road and runs transversely to the direction of the road. The device is designed in such a way that it has a right Forms corner-shaped mat made of rubber or the like. When over-

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SS MAUNeCHWBIO. AM βΟΚΟΙΒΡΑΙΙΚ β * COOP «· 4 · 7 · MONCHKN« *. ROBIBTKOCH-MIT. I * lO »ll» USlIO

Rolling through a vehicle is determined by the vehicle's weight Air is compressed in the hose and the resulting increase in pressure activates a membrane switch to an electrical Signal for the required! Function of the vehicle indicator closed deliver. Other facilities use fluid-filled hydraulic hoses instead of air hoses. Under the many other types of vehicle indicators proposed so far are, there are devices that the weight of a rolling over vehicle to deform a piezoelectric Use crystals to generate a voltage piezoelectrically. Other institutions put pressure on you pressure-sensitive electrical 7 / resistance exercised, the distance between the places of an electrical capacitor and thus its capacitance changed, or even more simply, only the Contacts of a switch closed (or open, usually but closed).

The practical requirements of a satisfactory working However, vehicle indicators are difficult to meet and, as far as the applicant is aware, these requirements are not met to the extent desired by any of those previously proposed Facilities met. These requirements are given below, whereby the order in which they are listed does not correspond to their

/ display— meaning corresponds. Accordingly, a vehicle equipment must have one have a high degree of operational safety, in a satisfactory manner on vehicles of any weight within a address a wide range of practical speeds, have the ability to work satisfactorily when only is placed on the road surface, which is often desired when only temporary installations are planned.

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ter be able to work satisfactorily with permanent installation in a channel in the street, ie, maintenance) of the street surface or to finish with it, and to be able to be installed reasonably easily and cheaply. They must for their operation a minimum of power require ,, can easily be installed so that it has a minimum Heigung to external disturbances and _o poor anzuspreahen otherwise]? Than überrollen- ue Sahrzeuge they must be more durable and for a Weatherproof and moisture-proof installation and reliably emit an easily recognizable and usable signal when a vehicle is being passed.

The invention aims to provide better vehicle display devices to create that are simple, inexpensive and meet the stated requirements to a high degree *

The invention makes it the; weaa & g well-known phenomenon of the tribo-electric effect; benefit ¹ .. It ^{: i} is often found that certain? electrical cables generate noise voltages when: they are subjected to mechanical stresses; are. This generation of noise voltage in isolated cables for signal transmission has led to considerable difficulties. Experiments show, that if a cable with; düireh a; insulating dielectric separate conductors - for example a coaxial cable with a. Inner _conductor; the · v / on. the assigned outer conductor - through a layer of a dielectric insulating material - a mechanical shock or; exposed to vibration, noise voltages occur between the two conductors, when the mechanical contact, between the dielectric and = one of the. Conductor that separates it from each other through the shock oxier the shock will induxLeaafc. So lead

T 3 MSl $

ben im ^ aIl.- one; normal; K © axial ~ cable with an inner conductor · tea ?, _r an "outer conductor andi an insulating material layer in between, in practice small gaps between the outer surface of the insulation and the 'de'T · inner surface of the outer conductor · line vibration or shock" cause ,. that these gaps are changed in terms of their length and / or their dimensions, whereby the contact between the outer surface of the insulation and the inner surface of the outer conductor is changed and in this way splits are generated between a fraction of a milli ^ öiLt and higher volts,:, depending on the circumstances, the ÄwKEsehem; appear on the two ladders. The effect which causes these tensions ■ * - which of course represent a disturbance in bein and should be avoided as far as possible - is the so-called tribo-electrical effect.

The "physical mechanism on which the taiibo-electric is based" is somewhat unclear? ¹ ,, jedböil assumed · wirdi (although the invention is not by d-eit · ^{Eic3itigkeait:} depends this theory) that he throughput generation: vöit capacity and ^ barren by the Ve ^ ^ e ^ Böh uißg- eiektrJllscneaE As a result of the relative movement: between the surfaces and an egg ladder it comes to E # SG && 1M & that the appearance has little or nothing to do with the cable ^v _, although there are some flaws and a little Can accompany the generation of voltage.,

According to the Erfihd ^ yig has a-

desteaäs two in ^; Longitudinal direction course end-e; EediteM-between the solid board ^ ktrisciies "lateißdJäÄ

be insulated, this material and the conductor from each other are arranged so that a plurality of contact points or surfaces between the material and at least one of the conductors, as well as means for assembling the conductors and material such that the device is subjected to the vibration to be felt to an extent sufficient to disrupt the contact points or Contact surfaces is required, and finally means for dissipating the stresses generated as a result of the contact disturbances.

For use as a vehicle display device, the cooling device according to the invention on the straisen surface or arranged in channels of the road surface so that they is exposed to the vibration of the passing road vehicles.

Preferably, the mutual arrangement and relationship of the dielectric material and the conductors is such that a substantial Number of random contact points or contact areas between the dielectric and one of the conductors is created

An embodiment of a sensing device according to the invention has an outer conductor in the form of a metal tube and an inner conductor in the form of a wire with one located on it dielectric layer that is on the inside of the metal pipe runs and their outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the Kohres, so that the outer surface of the inner conductor covered with the dielectric material is only slightly at the inner

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side of the outer conductor rests on. The one with the dielectric ropes A layer-covered inner conductor can be like a dielectric-covered inner layer of a normal, flexible high-frequency coaxial cable be made.

Another embodiment has a length of a normal flexible high-frequency ICoaxial cable, which consists of a center conductor, a layer of dielectric surrounding it, a braided coaxial conductor on the dielectric coating and a dielectric coating of the braided conductor, said coaxial cable length loosely within an outer conductor in the form of a metal tube that surrounds the cable runs _o

In all cases, the heads of a sensing device according to the invention, between which tribo-electrical voltages are derived be (usually on one - ^ end) over their entire Length isolated from each other, i.e. the only connection between them 'is the load to which the tribo-electric tensions are applied will.

The combination of conductors and dielectric for training of a vehicle according to the invention can be suitable Form in an elongated bore of a protective housing that can consist of any mechanically suitable material, mounted will. For example, the housing can consist of rubber or a similar flexible material and a segment— like cross-section with a central hole for inclusion of the sensing device. Such a structure can be simple

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· laid on the street; will be attached in a suitable manner to their surface. It .can also in a shallow channel on the road are set, so the curved I ¹ Iaehe datii of seginentförmigen casing- only slightly above the general surface of the road protrudes. _y or he can be covered in a flat. Channel to be sunk, = so that. it is flush with the road surface or, as a whole, lies a little bit below the road surface, "whereby the vibration from the road vehicle passing by in the latter ball passes through the road to the sensing device", ICs; is also possible :, a, metal housing to. use .. Such a · housing could also be used with. Advantage of generally segment-shaped: be a groove cut into the road surface with the ^! A curved surface can be embedded upwards. Surface downward protruding tubular part can be made from one piece, wherein the actual sensing device forming the cable runs within the: ßohraa? .Täigen rope. ]? äll.s. "desired, v can: dea; roiira ^ tijges leöSl · am aaisleger vverden,. that ea? a. head of the erS! indling; Sgemäi; eni Kutüledinrichtung forms ..,

The Errfiimdimg is naehiEoiEgeaaiäi ifn ZusaffinreMiang; mute the drawing In it showed

a simple ^; Execution ^ f imm.,.

Eig; .. '. 2 uiÄ 3 ^ zeä; gein. Z: white: housing shapes *. =

Φ is a circuit diagram - a suitable one for: Reception ^ of the cooling device according to the invention generated tribo-electric voltage.

Prop. _: i is; one; sham atisehe- cut view f. another.

the

Hear in Eig », i: represented / te." Eahrzeug ^ iJetekto; r: hat: ein: äu

Λ _Λ in the loose ■■ - · a- length of a- dieletefcriscli Bb-, lieiter: & 2 ÜB-gti The leader £ and., Which is 55 "; the inner leader .; and, the: these,

one- nBriaalen: Megsamen: Eoaxi; al-Hoe & Cr, e) ^ enz ^ outer Eupierge.ilecnt: mkh of the: Be - ^ -: located on it., · Ber "beBenicntete- ieiter; 2L, -5 ^: has : a325

esser ,, the smaller: a £ s? der: inner diameter of? - "■ 1 Is ^: and; lies- only. Lel.cüfc: · .- an: d: eBi EnneMflälche: des Hoiirsss an« On 'the ^: left side of the Eigs, - Λ " fetnnidfesa Bohr; 1: in any! - one: suitable feise-locked, hem .: Diiseä läiöCMsrnn aufff dem .: Head: 2 ^: is like this: procured ^ _; däfi ;. _; sife jpdes ikrife * sohen: contacts between the LeUnKEr and «; the «Hotoiis- ^

At the other end of the iig. 1 verlsiaadem LeiMm ^^ and. the drilling Λ with the. jüingangpMLjeauiieiii einesEs signal amplification device Mf: bBÜiebigerr-

The. cooling device: according to Figi, ^ likannt; iita different .: Types: of protective housings; for example "can; a in cross-section 4- from: rubber: or the like wife, which ^ a ■;.

- ■ 9 -

according to Pig »1 hat * Nach. If the filling device is accommodated in the housing, the bore can be suitably closed at its ends in order to create weather protection, if this is not already given sufficiently by the design of the cooling device itself. The strip 4 can be attached to a road surface so that it extends partially over the road, or it can be placed in a shallow channel in the road either so that the curved upper surface of the strip is flush with the road surface or so that the surface of a small piece below the road ⁸ · _-:; > is on the surface, to be let in.

Figo 3 shows another suitable form of housing that in a channel in the road surface by means of potting clips (not shown) can be poured. The housing according to FIG. 3 is made of metal - for example extruded Aluminum - and has a tubular part 6 formed integrally therewith, in which the sensing device is housed will. If desired, the tubular part 6 itself can form the outer conductor of a sensing device which, in the principle of the ' according to Fig. 1 corresponds. A coated cable as shown in FIG. 1 with 2, 3 runs loosely in the interior of the pipe part 3 · With this arrangement, precautions must be taken in practice be taken to keep moisture and the like away from the part 3, since in such a design damage or disruption of part 3 due to weather and damp ig Ice it must be prevented.

Fig. 4 shows a suitable amplifier stage, which in an amplification device, as it is designated in Fig. 1 with AU,

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may be included. The lines L according to I «" ig. 1 are with the terminals that are in i'ig. 4- are denoted by L, connected, so that the tribo-electrical voltages via a condenser- ^ Sator 7 are fed to a transistor amplifier 8, the is fed back by a capacitor 9. The output terminals 10 are used for feeding into utilization circuits (not shown), which depend on the required function, for example to work as a counter or to operate traffic signals are selected.

Fig. 5 shows a vehicle detector according to the invention in a further form of housing which is arranged in a channel in the road surface. In Fig. 5 were for the same parts the same reference numerals are used as in Fig. 1. The iietall— ■ tube 1 is firmly connected to a metal plate 11. .Both are into a rectangular block 12 made of rubber or similar rubber Material embedded. The rectangular shape formed by the block 12 Housing is arranged as shown in a channel in a road surface 13 such that the upper Surface of the plate 11 cuts off with the brow surface. To connect the housing to the road surface 13 is an adhesive material 14 is used, the output signal is shown of the vehicle detector via lines L to the electronic signal amplification device ATJ.

The operation of this sensing device is similar to that of previously described with the exception that the rubbery material 12 isolates the sensing device from the vibrations transmitted via the road surface in order to provide security against incorrect vehicle displays as a result of any vibrations in the ostrich surface, for example due to .ufbrueharoeiten

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or- by, iüßgänger, to have * - The: Me-fcallplafctei 11 bildei ?: a- wear-resistant surface for the equipment: and. maciit these less, prone to wear and tear and damage.

Claims (1)

* 12 -: ■ - Fat e η t an s ρ r ü c he ·,. 1 Vibration sensing device, characterized by at least two longitudinal conductors. the one in between solid dielectric material from each other are insulated, this material and the conductors are mutually arranged so that a plurality of contact points or surfaces between the material and at least one of the conductors result, further by means for - '■ such a liontage of ladder and material that _ the device is subjected to the vibration to be felt to an extent, ■■ -which 'for a disturbance of the contact points' · or contact surfaces is required, as well as by means to derive the generated as a result of the contact disturbances Tensions. 2 «Vibrationsfühleinricritung according to claim Ij characterized; that a loading w trächtliche number of random contact points or contact surfaces between the dielectric and one of the conductors is provided and relationship of the dielectric material and the conductor: by such a mutual arrangement. ^. -: ■■ · ■ -..- 3. Vehicle sensing device according to claim 1 or 2, gekenhzeiGhnet by an outer conductor in the form of a metal tube and an inner conductor in the form of a wire with one on it. located dielectric layer, which is on the inside side .des Met al Ir ear it runs and its outside diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the Rohrea, s: d that the outer 09 844/03 area of the inner lair covered with the dielectric material only lightly touches the inside of the outer conductor. 4-, vibration sensing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized through a length of normal flexible radio frequency coaxial cable consisting of a center conductor, a This surrounding layer of a dielectric, a braided coaxial conductor on the dielectric coating and a dielectric coating of the braided conductor, and in that said length of coaxial cable loosely within an outer conductor in i'orm one Metal pipe that surrounds the cable runs. 5. Vibration sensing device according to one of the preceding Claims for indicating that a vehicle is being rolled over, characterized by mounting in an elongated opening a protective housing. 6. Vehicle display device according to claim 5> characterized in that the housing is made of rubber or the like consists of flexible material and has a substantially segment-like cross-section. 7. Vehicle display device according to Claim 5, characterized in that that the housing is in the form of a block of rubber or rubber-like material, in one surface of which one. Metal plate is embedded in such a way that it is with the Surface and that the sensing device is fixed 909844/0349 is connected to this plate and runs in.einer bore or a channel of the block, such that the entire
Block can be embedded in a channel in a SfcraiSenoberflache so that the metal plate is flush with the road surface, whereby the metal plate protects the sensing device against wear and tear and damage by the vehicles and the rubber-like material protects the sensing device against vibrations that are transmitted by the penalty , isolated » 909844 / 03T49 L e r s e i t e